Regions Of High Density Research Articles

54003 Role of the Dermatologist in Identifying and Advocating for Those Affected by Human Trafficking: A Needs Assessment in High Density Regions of Human Trafficking within the United States

54003 Role of the Dermatologist in Identifying and Advocating for Those Affected by Human Trafficking: A Needs Assessment in High Density Regions of Human Trafficking within the United States

Muon-induced collisional flavor instability in core-collapse supernova

Neutrinos are known to undergo flavor conversion among their three flavors. In the theoretical modeling of core-collapse supernova, there has been a great deal of attention to recent discoveries of a new type of neutrino flavor conversions, namely collisional flavor instability (CFI), in which the instability is induced by the flavor-dependent decoherence due to the disparity of neutrino-matter interactions among flavors. In this paper, we study how the appearance of on-shell muons and associated neutrino-matter interactions can impact CFIs based on linear stability analysis of flavor conversions. Some striking results emerge from the present study. First, we analytically show that breaking beta and pair equilibrium is a necessary condition to trigger CFIs. This also indicates that CFIs with on-shell muons could appear in eτ and μτ neutrino mixing sectors in very high-density region (≳1013 g/cm3), exhibiting a possibility of large impacts of CFIs on core-collapse supernova. Second, resonancelike CFIs, having a much higher growth rate than normal CFIs, can be triggered by muons. The resonance point of CFIs is different between eτ and μτ sectors; the former (latter) occurs at μe(μ)=μn−μp, where μi denotes the chemical potential of i constitute (n and p represent neutrons and protons, respectively). Our result suggests that the nonlinear evolution of CFI with on-shell muons would induce flavor conversions with the complex interplay among all three different neutrino-mixing sectors. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Driving a deficient cathodic environment using anode to control selectivity for CO2 electroreduction

The anode has not been extensively studied in electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) systems because it is believed to have no significant effect on the catalytic selectivity and activity of the cathode. Herein, we report that the anode can indeed influence the catalytic activity of the CO2RR by regulating the transfer of water and ions in a membrane electrode assembly. Despite employing identical cathode conditions, we observed optimal ethylene production at different current densities for distinct anode substrates: carbon paper (CP) and Ti meshes (TM). TM shows optimal ethylene Faradaic efficiency (31.1 %) in the high current density region, while CP demonstrates optimal ethylene Faradaic efficiency (20 %) in the low current density region. Based on the results of in situ/operando analysis and transparent cell tests, CP creates an environment deficient in water and cations, thereby promoting local pH effects. Consequently, this leads to a higher valence state of Cu during the CO2RR, resulting in increased catalytic activity for ethylene production. However, in the high-current-density region, the catalytic activity of CP degrades due to the uneven distribution of the reaction. Our study contributes to a deeper understanding of the reaction environment for CO2RR and offers insights for optimizing the catalytic activity of CO2RR systems.

Does the Inter-Provincial Floating Population Affect Regional Economic Development in China? An Empirical Analysis

In recent decades, significant changes in the urban–rural structure of population mobility have profoundly impacted provincial development, urbanization, and population redistribution in China. Based on China’s fifth, sixth, and seventh national population census datasets, this study explores the effects of the inter-provincial floating population on regional economic development through statistical and empirical analysis, identifying both the scale and structural impacts of the floating population on regional economic development. The results found that while the scale of China’s floating population has been continuously increasing, the spatial distribution pattern remains relatively unchanged, and the pattern is summed up as low in the middle and high on both sides. The floating population exerts both scale and structural effects on the economic development of both inflow and outflow regions, altering regional populations and production efficiency, and thereby influencing regional economic outcomes. Specifically, this study finds that the inflow population has no significant differential impact on high- and low-density regions. In contrast, the outflow population exhibits a significant differential impact, with the negative impact of the outflow population on low-density regions being more substantial than that on high-density regions. Inter-provincial migration supports achieving sustainable development goals (SDG-8 and 11) by shaping regional economic development. To address these dynamics, the high-density regions of China should transform and upgrade the industrial and population structure by promoting the trend of population return to low-density regions. This can be achieved by transferring low-end industries and low-skilled labor, thereby alleviating the pressure of overcrowding. Meanwhile, low-density regions should seize the opportunities for population return and industrial transfer, implement talent introduction, and accurately undertake industrial transfer. This approach can foster the in-depth development of new urbanization and rural revitalization initiatives, promoting balanced regional growth and sustainability.

Nanocrystalline transition metal tetraborides as efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction at the large current density

While great efforts have been made to improve the electrocatalytic activity of existing materials toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), it is also importance for searching new type of nonprecious HER catalysts to realize the practical hydrogen evolution. Herein, we firstly report nanocrystalline transition metal tetraborides (TMB4, TM=W and Mo) as an efficient HER electrocatalyst has been synthesized by a single-step solid-state reaction. The optimized nanocrystalline WB4 exhibits an overpotential as low as 172 mV at 10 mA/cm2 and small Tafel slope of 63 mV/dec in 0.5 M H2SO4. Moreover, the nanocrystalline WB4 outperforms the commercial Pt/C at high current density region, confirming potential applications in industrially electrochemical water splitting. Theoretical study reveals that high intrinsic HER activity of WB4 is originated from its large work function that contributes to the weak hydrogen-adsorption energy. Therefore, this work provides new insights for development of robust nanocrystalline electrocatalysts for efficient HER.

Statistics and Models of the Electron Plasma Density From the Van Allen Probes

AbstractWe use the full NASA Van Allen Probes mission (2012–2019) to extract the electron plasma density from the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) and Electric Field and Waves (EFW) instruments and discuss the evolution of the plasmasphere. We generate new statistics including mean and standard deviations of the plasma density with respect to L‐shell, magnetic local time (MLT), and various geomagnetic indices. These statistics are generated to be applied in radiation belt physics and space weather codes (with fits provided). The mean plasmasphere is circular around Earth with respect to MLT for Kp < 1. The mean 100 cm−3 level line is above L = 5 and mean 10 cm−3 level expands above the Van Allen Probes apogee for Kp < 1. The outer electron belt lies within the plasmasphere for 60% of all times. As activity increases (Kp > 2), a gradual MLT asymmetry forms with higher mean density in the afternoon sector due to plumes expanding outward. Conversely, the mean density decreases on the dawn and night sectors. The mean density is between ∼500 and ∼50 cm−3 between L ∼ 4 and L ∼ 6 during quiet and moderately active times (Kp < 3), representing ∼80% of all times. Statistics in regions of high density below L = 2 are underdefined for intense activity. The highest standard deviation of density represents a factor 2.5 to 3 times the mean above L = 5 and for active times. We find the percent difference between the EFW and EMFISIS densities is bounded by ±20% for quiet and moderate activity (Kp < 5) and goes up to ±100% for extreme activity.

The Formation of Filaments and Dense Cores in the Cocoon Nebula (IC 5146)

We present 850 μm linear polarization and C18O (3 − 2) and 13CO (3 − 2) molecular line observations toward the filaments (F13 and F13S) in the Cocoon Nebula (IC 5146) using the JCMT POL-2 and Heterodyne Array Receiver Program instruments. F13 and F13S are found to be thermally supercritical with identified dense cores along their crests. Our findings include that the polarization fraction decreases in denser regions, indicating reduced dust grain alignment efficiency. The magnetic field vectors at core scales tend to be parallel to the filaments, but disturbed at the high density regions. Magnetic field strengths measured using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method are 58 ± 31 and 40 ± 9 μG for F13 and F13S, respectively, and it reveals subcritical and sub-Alfvénic filaments, emphasizing the importance of magnetic fields in the Cocoon region. Sinusoidal C18O (3 − 2) velocity and density distributions are observed along the filaments’ skeletons, and their variations are mostly displaced by ∼1/4 × the wavelength of the sinusoid, indicating core formation occurred through the fragmentation of a gravitationally unstable filament, but with shorter core spacings than predicted. Large-scale velocity fields of F13 and F13S, studied using 13CO (3 − 2) data, present a V-shape transverse velocity structure. We propose a scenario for the formation and evolution of F13 and F13S, along with the dense cores within them. A radiation shock front generated by a B-type star collided with a sheet-like cloud about 1.4 Myr ago. The filaments became thermally critical due to mass infall through self-gravity ∼1 Myr ago, and subsequently, dense cores formed through gravitational fragmentation, accompanied by the disturbance of the magnetic field.

Environmental effects on low surface brightness galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulation

ABSTRACT Employing the TNG100 run of the IllustrisTNG project, we characterize the environment of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) across varying scales, from their associated dark matter haloes to their distribution within the broader cosmic structure. We find no significant differences in the halo concentration index $c_{200}$ between LSBGs and their high surface brightness galaxy (HSBG) counterparts, with LSBGs residing in haloes with higher spin parameter $\lambda$ and slightly more spherical shapes than HSBGs. LSBGs show a stronger alignment between the dark and stellar angular momentum vectors than their high surface brightness counterparts. The relative abundance of LSBGs within groups and clusters displays a central deficit, hinting at potential destruction upon reaching these core regions. Studying the density field, we find a preference for rotation-dominated LSBGs to reside in low-density environments, while dispersion-dominated LSBGs thrive in high-density regions where galaxy interactions govern their evolution, an observation corroborated by our analysis of the two-point correlation function $\xi (r)$. Our examination of the cosmic web reveals no significant differences in the distance to the closest large-scale structure, barring a few exceptions. This suggests a limited impact of large-scale spatial distribution on mechanisms driving LSBG evolution. All together, we conclude that the halo vicinity and local environment at the scale of galaxy clusters, where mechanisms such as galaxy mergers and tidal stripping, as well as stellar and gas accretion take place, is the most likely environment that favour the emergence of LSBGs with different morphologies, mostly driven by the presence or absence of important local interaction phenomena.

Pressure and speed of sound in two-flavor color-superconducting quark matter at next-to-leading order

Deconfined quark matter at asymptotically high densities is weakly coupled, due to the asymptotic freedom of quantum chromodynamics. In this weak-coupling regime, bulk thermodynamic properties of quark matter, assuming a trivial ground state, are currently known to partial next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order. However, the ground state at high densities is expected to be a color superconductor, in which the excitation spectrum of (at least some) quarks exhibit a gap with a nonperturbative dependence on the strong coupling. In this work, we calculate the thermodynamic properties of color-superconducting quark matter at high densities and zero temperature at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the coupling in the presence of a finite gap. We work in the limit of two massless quark flavors, which corresponds to deconfined symmetric nuclear matter, and further assume that the gap is small compared to the quark chemical potential. In these limits, we find that the NLO corrections to the pressure and speed of sound are comparable in size to the leading-order effects of the gap, and further increase both quantities above their values for nonsuperconducting quark matter. We also provide a parametrization of the NLO speed of sound to guide phenomenology in the high-density region, and we furthermore comment on whether our findings should be expected to extend to the case of three-flavor quark matter of relevance to neutron stars. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Construction of an efficient molecular enrichment and magnetic separation flow with Fe3O4@Ag@COF for ratiometric SERS detection of methamidophos

As a typical organophosphorus pesticide widely utilized in agricultural production with its residue as enormous threat to human health and environment, methamidophos (MTD) has gained increasing attention in recent years, so, it is necessary to develop an effective strategy to detect MTD from complex matrix. Here, an efficient molecular enrichment and magnetic separation flow was constructed through Fe3O4@Ag@COF (covalent organic framework) for ratiometric SERS detection of MTD. Specifically, Fe3O4@Ag@COF is shown to have a high-density hot-spot region and optimal SERS performance by adjusting the particle size and addition volume of Fe3O4@Ag. COF endows Fe3O4@Ag@COF with a platform for enriching MTD molecules and isolating impurities, allowing the separation of Fe3O4@Ag@COF with MTD molecules from complex matrix by magnetism. More importantly, due to its natural core–shell structure, the Raman peaks of COF can be employed as an internal standard for ratiometric SERS sensing, thereby increasing its analysis accuracy and reliability. Under the optimal extraction method and solvent conditions, the developed detection flow exhibited a wide linear range from 10-4 M to 10-9 M and a low MTD detection limit of 8.3 × 10-5 mg/kg. Furthermore, the SERS sensor had excellent reproducibility and long-term stability with a low relative standard deviation (RSD). In practical application, this detection flow was tested for quantifying trace MTD in green tea samples, with recoveries of 89.54 % to 101.89 % and RSDs below 5 % (n = 5), comparable to the performance of gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS).

Predicting Land Use Changes under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway–Representative Concentration Pathway Scenarios to Support Sustainable Planning in High-Density Urban Areas: A Case Study of Hangzhou, Southeastern China

Amidst the challenges posed by global climate change and accelerated urbanization, the structure and distribution of land use are shifting dramatically, exacerbating ecological and land-use conflicts, particularly in China. Effective land resource management requires accurate forecasts of land use and cover change (LUCC). However, the future trajectory of LUCC, influenced by climate change and urbanization, remains uncertain. This study developed an integrated multi-scenario framework by combining system dynamics and patch-generating land use simulation models to predict future LUCC in high-density urban regions under various Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP)–Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. The results showed the following: (1) From 2020 to 2050, cultivated land, unused land, and water are projected to decrease, while construction land is expected to increase. (2) Future land use patterns exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity across three scenarios. Construction land will expand in all districts of Hangzhou, particularly in the main urban areas. Under the SSP585 scenario, the expansion of construction land is most significant, while it is the least under the SSP126 scenario. (3) Distinct factors drive the expansion of different land use types. The digital elevation model is the predominant factor for the expansion of forest and grassland, contributing 19.25% and 30.76%, respectively. Night light contributes the most to cultivated land and construction land, at 13.94% and 20.35%, respectively. (4) The average land use intensity (LUI) in central urban districts markedly surpasses that in the surrounding suburban areas, with Xiacheng having the highest LUI and Chun’an the lowest. Under the SSP126 scenario, the area with increased LUI is significantly smaller than under the SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios. These findings offer valuable guidance for sustainable planning and built environment management in Hangzhou and similarly situated urban centers worldwide.

K-Means NANI: An Improved Clustering Algorithm for Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

One of the key challenges of k-means clustering is the seed selection or the initial centroid estimation since the clustering result depends heavily on this choice. Alternatives such as k-means++ have mitigated this limitation by estimating the centroids using an empirical probability distribution. However, with high-dimensional and complex data sets such as those obtained from molecular simulation, k-means++ fails to partition the data in an optimal manner. Furthermore, stochastic elements in all flavors of k-means++ will lead to a lack of reproducibility. K-means N-Ary Natural Initiation (NANI) is presented as an alternative to tackle this challenge by using efficient n-ary comparisons to both identify high-density regions in the data and select a diverse set of initial conformations. Centroids generated from NANI are not only representative of the data and different from one another, helping k-means to partition the data accurately, but also deterministic, providing consistent cluster populations across replicates. From peptide and protein folding molecular simulations, NANI was able to create compact and well-separated clusters as well as accurately find the metastable states that agree with the literature. NANI can cluster diverse data sets and be used as a standalone tool or as part of our MDANCE clustering package.

Interplay of Cooper Pairs and Zero-Energy Quasiparticles in a Gapless Superconductor.

The interplay between Cooper pairs and Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) quasiparticles is a topic of considerable interest in the quantum properties of solids, but its important ingredient, the sufficient amount of low-energy quasiparticles to interact with Cooper pairs remains elusive in conventional superconductors. Here a gapless superconductor with coupled paramagnetic atomic layers is used to generate a significant amount of zero-energy quasiparticles that Anderson-localize and bifurcate into regions of high and low zero-energy quasiparticle density of states. The enriched zero-energy quasiparticles induce puddled superconductivity and Josephson vortices. This discovery not only advances the understanding of the mutual interaction of Cooper pairs and BdG quasiparticles but also opens a new avenue for exploring and controlling exotic quantum phenomena where superconductivity, disorder, and spin degrees of freedom are entangled.

Central dentinogenic ghost cell tumor of the maxilla: a case report with new imaging findings and review of the literature

A dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor that commonly shows characteristics of solid proliferation and has a relatively high risk of recurrence after surgical treatment. We herein report a case of a central DGCT that occurred in the maxilla and resulted in bone expansion. This study highlights new imaging findings (particularly magnetic resonance imaging) along with histopathological observations. In addition, we conducted a review of the existing literature on this rare tumor. A 37-year-old man developed swelling around the right cheek. A benign odontogenic tumor such as ameloblastoma was suspected based on the imaging examination findings (including bone expansion and the internal characteristics of the tumor) on panoramic imaging, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The lesion was surgically excised from the right maxilla. Postoperative histopathological examination led to a definitive diagnosis of central DGCT. The tumor comprised epithelial neoplastic islands, resembling ameloblastoma, inside tight fibroconnective tissue; masses of ghost cells and formation of dentin were also observed. We had suspected that the minute high-density region around the molars on the imaging examinations represented alveolar bone change; however, it represented dentin formation. This led to difficulty diagnosing the lesion. Although DGCT may present characteristic findings on imaging examinations, its occurrence is infrequent, and in some cases, the findings may include the presence or absence of an impacted tooth without obvious calcification. The present case suggests that we should consider the possibility of an odontogenic tumor with calcification when high-density structures are observed inside the lesion.

SRG/eROSITA 3D mapping of the interstellar medium using X-ray absorption spectroscopy

We present a detailed study of the hydrogen density distribution in the local interstellar medium (ISM) using the X-ray absorption technique. Hydrogen column densities were precisely measured by fitting X-ray spectra from coronal sources observed during the initial eROSITA all-sky survey (eRASS1). Accurate distance measurements were obtained through cross-matching Galactic sources with the third Gaia data release (DR3). Despite the absence of a discernible correlation between column densities and distances or Galactic longitude, a robust correlation with Galactic latitude was identified. This suggests a decrease in ISM material density in the vertical direction away from the Galactic plane. We have also investigated the relation between the optical extinction and the hydrogen column density. To do so, we employed multiple density laws to fit the measured column densities, revealing constraints on height scale values ($9 < h_ z < 14$ pc). Unfortunately, radial scales and the central density remain unconstrained due to the scarcity of sources near the Galactic center. Subsequently, a 3D density map of the ISM was computed using a Gaussian process approach, inferring hydrogen density distribution from hydrogen column densities. The results unveil the presence of multiple beams and clouds of various sizes, indicative of small-scale structures. High-density regions were identified at approximately 100 pc, consistent with findings in dust-reddening studies, and are potentially associated with the Galactic Perseus arm or the local bubble. Moreover, high-density regions were pinpointed in proximity to the Orion, Chameleon, and Coalsack molecular complex, enriching our understanding of the intricate structure of the local ISM.

Interactions between MSTIDs and Ionospheric Irregularities in the Equatorial Region Observed on 13–14 May 2013

We investigate the interactions between medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) and the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) as well as between MSTIDs and equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) on the night of 13–14 May 2013, based on observations from multiple instruments (an all-sky imager, digisonde, and global positioning system (GPS)). Two dark bands (the low plasma density region) for the MSTIDs were observed moving toward each other, encountering and interacting with the EIA, and subsequently interacting again with the EIA before eventually dissipating. Then, a new dark band of MSTIDs moved in the southwest direction, drifted into the all-sky imager’s field of view (FOV), and interacted with the EIA. Following this interaction, a new dark band split off from the original dark band, slowly moved in the northeast direction, and eventually faded away in a short time. Subsequently, the original southwestward-propagating dark band of the MSTIDs encountered eastward-moving EPBs, leading to an interaction between the MSTIDs and the EPBs. Then, the dark band of the MSTIDs faded away, while the EPBs grew larger with a pronounced westward tilt. The results from various observational instruments indicate the pivotal role played by the high-density region of the EIA in the occurrence of various interaction processes. In addition, this study also revealed that MSTIDs propagating into the equatorial region can significantly impact the morphology and evolution characteristics of EPBs.

Effect of Pre-Deformation on Precipitation in Al–Zn–Mg–Cu Alloy

AbstractIn this work, strengthening effects and evolution of precipitates in a pre-deformed Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy during ageing were investigated using Vickers hardness measurements, tensile tests, and high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). It was found that all cold rolled conditions had higher mechanical strength than the non-deformed condition for all ageing times and that this effect increases at higher deformation ratios. It was also found that the non-deformed condition has a higher age hardening response than that of the cold rolled conditions. A homogeneous precipitate distribution was observed in the non-deformed condition, while the cold rolled conditions contained non-uniformly distributed precipitates due to the introduced dislocations. This led to larger precipitate sizes and a reduction in the precipitate number densities in the pre-deformed conditions. HAADF-STEM analysis revealed differences in the fraction of different precipitate types between the non-deformed and the cold rolled conditions. η', η2, and disordered η phase were observed in the non-deformed condition, while η', η2 and the newly identified Y phase were observed in the cold rolled conditions. The disordered η phase contained structural units of the η1 phase and was associated with reducing the lattice misfit between this phase and the Al matrix. Formation of the Y phase was related to an accelerated nucleation rate in the regions of high dislocation density. Graphical abstract

Medulloblastoma Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Tumor Microenvironment Heterogeneity with High-Density Progenitor Cell Regions Correlating with High-Risk Disease.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) of medulloblastoma (MB) influences progression and therapy response, presenting a promising target for therapeutic advances. Prior single-cell analyses have characterized the cellular components of the TME but lack spatial context. To address this, we performed spatial transcriptomic sequencing on sixteen pediatric MB samples obtained at diagnosis, including two matched diagnosis-relapse pairs. Our analyses revealed inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity within the TME, comprised of tumor-associated astrocytes (TAAs), macrophages (TAMs), stromal components, and distinct subpopulations of MB cells at different stages of neuronal differentiation and cell cycle progression. We identified dense regions of quiescent progenitor-like MB cells enriched in patients with high-risk (HR) features and an increase in TAAs, TAMs, and dysregulated vascular endothelium following relapse. Our study presents novel insights into the spatial architecture and cellular landscape of the medulloblastoma TME, highlighting spatial patterns linked to HR features and relapse, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets.

Inference of neutron-star properties with unified crust-core equations of state for parameter estimation

Context. Relating different global neutron-star (NS) properties, such as tidal deformability and radius, or mass and radius, requires an equation of state (EoS). Determining the NS EoS is therefore not only the science goal of a variety of observational projects, but it also enters in the analysis process; for example, to predict a NS radius from a measured tidal deformability via gravitational waves (GW) during the inspiral of a binary NS merger. To this aim, it is important to estimate the theoretical uncertainties on the EoS, one of which is the possible bias coming from an inconsistent treatment of the low-density region; that is, the use of a so called non-unified NS crust. Aims. We propose a numerical tool allowing the user to consistently match a nuclear-physics informed crust to an arbitrary high-density EoS describing the core of the star. Methods. We introduce an inversion procedure of the EoS close to saturation density that allows users to extract nuclear-matter parameters and extend the EoS to lower densities in a consistent way. For the treatment of inhomogeneous matter in the crust, a standard approach based on the compressible liquid-drop (CLD) model approach was used in our work. A Bayesian analysis using a parametric agnostic EoS representation in the high-density region is also presented in order to quantify the uncertainties induced by an inconsistent treatment of the crust. Results. We show that the use of a fixed, realistic-but-inconsistent model for the crust causes small but avoidable errors in the estimation of global NS properties and leads to an underestimation of the uncertainties in the inference of NS properties. Conclusions. Our results highlight the importance of employing a consistent EoS in inference schemes. The numerical tool that we developed to reconstruct such a thermodynamically consistent EoS, CUTER, has been tested and validated for use by the astrophysical community.

Nonreciprocal feedback induces migrating oblique and horizontal banded vegetation patterns in hyperarid landscapes

In hyperarid environments, vegetation is highly fragmented, with plant populations exhibiting non-random biphasic structures where regions of high biomass density are separated by bare soil. In the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, rainfall is virtually nonexistent, but fog pushed in from the interior sustains patches of vegetation in a barren environment. Tillandsia landbeckii, a plant with no functional roots, survives entirely on fog corridors as a water source. Their origin is attributed to interaction feedback among the ecosystem agents, which have different spatial scales, ultimately generating banded patterns as a self-organising response to resource scarcity. The interaction feedback between the plants can be nonreciprocal due to the fact that the fog flows in a well-defined direction. Using remote sensing analysis and mathematical modelling, we characterise the orientation angle of banded vegetation patterns with respect to fog direction and topographic slope gradient. We show that banded vegetation patterns can be either oblique or horizontal to the fog flow rather than topography. The initial and boundary conditions determine the type of the pattern. The bifurcation diagram for both patterns is established. The theoretical predictions are in agreement with observations from remote sensing image analysis.