High Iron Oxide Content Research Articles

Study of mechanical properties of building ceramics with the addition of non-traditional raw materials

The current economic situation and increased attention to environmental protection encourage manufacturers of building materials, in particular ceramic bricks, to look for alternative types of raw materials that make it possible to reduce its cost with good quality of finished products. Mining waste is especially promising, among which peridotites stand out, which have huge reserves and are practically not used. The purpose of the work is to obtain building ceramics with the addition of peridotite and study its mechanical properties.The chemical and mineralogical compositions of raw materials have been determined. Silicon and aluminum oxides account for 78.5% in clay and 61% in peridotites.The latter are characterized by a high content of calcium, magnesium and iron oxides (34.65%). Clay is composed of clay minerals, as well as quartz and feldspar. Tremolite, enstatite and olivine are present in peridotites. The dependence of the mechanical strength of ceramic samples on their firing temperature, the content of the additive and the degree of its grinding has been established. The optimal amount of peridotite is 10%, at which the compressive strength has the maximum value over the entire grinding range of the additive. With an increase in the firing temperature to 1050оC, a slow increase in the strength of the samples occurs. At 1100оC, there is a sharp jump in strength parameters, which increase by 3.6–4.7 times, depending on the granulometric composition of the additive.The main properties of the obtained ceramics were determined. It has been established that peridotites are a promising additive for the production of ordinary bricks with a compressive strength of up to 60 MPa and an average density of up to 2400 kg/m3.

Comparative study on preparation and hydration mechanism of composite cementitious materials containing copper slag

Copper slag (CS) is a kind of non-ferrous solid waste with low content of aluminosilicate and relatively high content of iron oxide. In this paper, the feasibility and mechanism of CS as the mineral admixture and precursor of alkali activated cementitious material were studied. The effects of CS on mechanical properties were studied and the hydration products were determined by several characterization methods. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Mercury Injection Porosimetry (MIP) were performed to characterize the microstructure. The results show that CS composite fly ash (FA) has more advantages than CS alone, but its application as a mineral admixture is limited by the low activity. The alkali activated cementitious material prepared by CS and FA as precursor has excellent mechanical properties. The compressive strength of specimen at 28 days age can reach the maximum of 81.3 MPa when the dosage of CS is 30 %. The 3d and 28d compressive strength of the specimen contained 60 % CS obtained 57.7 MPa and 70.7 MPa, respectively. The research exhibits great potential for the future utilization of CS.

Humic acid enhances phosphorus transport in soil and uptake by maize

AbstractBackgroundMost of the phosphorus (P) applied to low fertility, acidic tropical soils with high iron and aluminum oxide contents end up adsorbed to soil colloids and not available to crops. Diffusion of P from fertilizers was found to be facilitated by coating with humic substances and by soil moisture.AimHowever, there is still controversy on the effect of humic substances on soil P forms and diffusion, and there is a gap in the knowledge of how coating the fertilizer interacts with soil water.MethodsWe studied P diffusion and availability from a conventional single superphosphate and a humic acid‐coated superphosphate in Petry dishes as affected by soil moisture and the effect of the distance of the fertilizer to the roots using a root‐matt methodology.ResultsCoating single superphosphate with humic substances from leonardite (0.5%) and increasing water moisture resulted in improved P diffusion in the soil and plant P uptake. Maize dry matter increased by humic acid‐coated phosphate from 3% to 26%, depending on the distance from the fertilizer to the roots. Therefore, there is evidence of a lower P adsorption to soil colloids. The coated fertilizer increased labile P by 76% around the fertilizer granule, while higher levels of less labile P were observed with the use of conventional single superphosphate.ConclusionAll this resulted in facilitated P transport from the soil to the roots, which is important mainly in double‐cropped systems where the second crop is usually exposed to temporary drought.

Asynchronous characteristics of Feammox and iron reduction from paddy soils in Southern China

Recently, the newly discovered anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled with iron reduction (i.e., Feammox) has been proven to be a widespread nitrogen (N) loss pathway in ecosystems and has an essential contribution to gaseous N loss in paddy soil. However, the mechanism of iron-nitrogen coupling transformation and the role of iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) in Feammox were poorly understood. This study investigated the Feammox and iron reduction changes and microbial community evolution in a long-term anaerobic incubation by 15N isotope labeling combined with molecular biological techniques. The average rates of Feammox and iron reduction during the whole incubation were 0.25 ± 0.04 μg N g−1 d−1 and 40.58 ± 3.28 μg Fe g−1 d−1, respectively. High iron oxide content increased the Feammox rate, but decreased the proportion of Feammox–N2 in three Feammox pathways. RBG-13-54-9, Brevundimonas, and Pelomonas played a vital role in the evolution of microbial communities. The characteristics of asynchronous changes between Feammox and iron reduction were found through long-term incubation. IRB might not be the key species directly driving Feammox, and it is necessary to reevaluate the role of IRB in Feammox process.

Enhancing kitchen waste anaerobic digestion by recycled aluminum industry waste: Alkali treatment and potential electron transfer mechanism

Kitchen waste has become a significant environmental concern worldwide. Red mud, an industrial solid waste characterized by its porous structure and high iron oxide content, exhibits potential as a conductive conduit in the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) pathway. In this study, red mud pretreatment of kitchen waste was conducted to enhance anaerobic digestion (AD). The effect and mechanism of enhancing kitchen waste AD by red mud pretreatment was studied for the first time. Results indicated that red mud pretreatment could accelerate the hydrolysis of organic compounds and alleviate the acid inhibition. Consequently, the methane production rate was increased from 260.7 mL/g VS to 402.3 mL/g VS, i.e., up to 54.3%. And volatile solids removal efficiency was increased from 53.9% to 73.1%, i.e., up to 35.6%. Furthermore, microbial community analysis revealed the enrichment of electrochemically active bacteria (Synergistaceae), acetogenic bacteria (Syntrophomonadaceae) and methanogens (Methanobacterium and Methanosarcina), which played essential roles in interspecies hydrogen transfer (IHT) and DIET. This study showed that red mud pretreatment has the potential to enhance kitchen waste AD which contributes to carbon mitigation. It also threw the potential new insights to the relative mechanism.

Fabrication and Characterization of Colorant-Doped Glass Produced with Local Sand of Nong Phok Site

It is well-known that silica sand is a special type of quartz sand that is suitable for glass fabrication due to its high silica content and low content of iron oxide. In this work, chemical analysis has been carried out on a sand sample from the Nong Phok site, Roi Et province, northeastern Thailand. The geological resources show that this site possesses a surface-to-near surface sand deposit. The grain of fine white sand consists of clear crystals. The grain shape is mainly angular-to-round. Chemical analysis shows that the sand contains more than 99 wt% silica and small amounts of Al, Ca, Ti, and Zr which is in agreement with international standards for glass production. The sand has been used as raw material for the fabrication of soda-lime, lead crystal, and lead-free high refractive index glasses. The colorless and various colored glass products have been satisfactorily used in domestic art and glass manufacturers which promotes local employment and economics.

Soil Properties Affecting Mercury (Hg) Adsorption-Desorption: Determine The Extent of Soil Pollution Risk

One of the hazardous wastes generated from unlicensed gold mining is mercury. Mercury is a toxic metal that can have a negative impact on the environment such as reducing soil and water quality and disturbing human health. The presence of mercury in the soil is completely controlled by adsorption-desorption of various sorbents. Soil properties greatly affect the adsorption and desorption of mercury in the soil. Because different soil properties will adsorb and desorb mercury in different ways and amounts. The purpose of writing this article is to review the results of previous research on the adsorption-desorption of mercury in soil so as to determine the extent of the risk of soil and environmental pollution. The method used in this writing is to collect and process data sources from previous research published in scientific articles, books, and discussion results. The results show that soils with high organic matter, iron oxide and clay content can absorb more Hg2+. In addition, lower pH has more hydroxylated surfaces that can adsorb more Hg2+. Irreversibility was found where the amount released or desorbed was less than the adsorption of mercury.

Study on the regularity of Se(IV) adsorption by bentonite from different regions

Abstract Bentonite exhibits obvious geological characteristics in different areas, and its chemical composition varies. To investigate the impact of these variations on the adsorption of Se(IV), the chemical structures and elemental contents of three types of bentonites were characterized using FTIR and XRF. By conducting a series of experiments and fitting the results with the kinetic adsorption model and the isothermal adsorption model, it was discovered that bentonite exhibits diverse adsorption modes for Se(IV). In acidic environments, the adsorption mode primarily involves forming an outer-sphere complex, whereas in neutral and alkaline environments, the primary mode is to form an inner-sphere complex. Zhi-Shin bentonite, which has low alumina content and high iron oxide content, demonstrates poor adsorption effectiveness on Se(IV) at low temperatures (less than 45 °C), but exhibits good adsorption effectiveness at high temperatures (more than 50 °C). Conversely, bentonite with high alumina content and low iron oxide content demonstrates the opposite effect. Furthermore, for bentonite with high iron oxide content, Se(IV) will form more inner-sphere complexes with iron oxide, and the adsorption behavior is not easily affected by changes in ionic strength and pH.

Influence of iron oxide substitution on the magnetic interactions in sol–gel‐derived 45S5 bioactive glass–ceramics

AbstractMagnetic interactions in sol–gel‐derived bioactive magnetic glass–ceramics (MGCs) with compositions of (45 − x)SiO2·24.5CaO·24.5Na2O·6P2O5 xFe2O3 (2 ≤ x ≥ 15 wt.%) have been investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and temperature‐dependent magnetic susceptibility and magnetization (M–T) techniques. EPR spectra of the MGC samples revealed strong composition dependence in the intensity and linewidth of resonance absorptions at g ≈ 2.0 and g ≈ 4.3. EPR linewidth analysis showed the dominance of dipole–dipole interaction in MGC samples with iron oxide content ≤4 wt.% and a crossover to super‐exchange type interaction in samples with higher iron oxide content. Composition‐dependent magnetic interaction in these MGC could be related to Fe2+ and Fe3+ ion concentrations using high‐temperature magnetic susceptibility studies. Zero‐field cooled and field cooled M–T curves indicate different magnetic behavior for MGC samples with x ≤ 6 and x ≥ 8 wt.% iron oxide. Although the former show weak magnetic behavior, the latter exhibit superparamagnetic behavior which could be correlated with the percentage of magnetic phases present in each sample. These studies reveal composition‐dependent variation in dipolar and super‐exchange type interaction in the samples which could help in assessing these MGC for biomedical applications.

Magnetic mining waste based-membranes for trimethoprim removal and fouling mitigation with ozone

The use of ceramic membranes for microfiltration have increased due to their high performance and physical–chemical properties, but their production is still very expensive. For this reason, geopolymeric membranes (GPMs) have been developed with similar characteristics and reduced fabrication costs by incorporating industrial waste. In this study, GPMs were synthesized by incorporating different amounts of magnetic mining waste (MMW), characterized, and used to remove trimethoprim antibiotic from an aqueous solution. Moreover, the presence of high iron oxide content in the membrane composition, ozone could be used as the cleaning agent due to the in situ generation of reactive oxygen species. The porosity of the membranes was widely investigated with micro-CT. MMW incorporation was found to be highly beneficial for increasing the percentage of open pores’ and narrowing the distribution of pore size. The addition of a porogenic agent (H2O2) did not have the expected effects, since a significant number of both closed and very large pores (400–800 µm) were formed. The geopolymeric membranes produced by MMW incorporation up to 50% (w/w) exhibited high hydraulic permeability (6.4–7.0 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1), mechanical strength (30–38 MPa) and open porosity. Yet, rejection rates doubled with the incorporation of 50% (w/w) MMW, despite its high flux decay. Nevertheless, the flux was easily recovered by the reactions between foulant compounds and ozone, which was used as cleaning agent. The filtration performance was evaluated to remove trimethoprim dissolved in aqueous solution and the flux decay was successfully described according to the Hermia’s law, and a complete pore blocking mechanism was used. It is possible that trimethoprim molecules interact between them or with buffer reactants, forming complexes, which can be removed by ozone reactions.

PM10 Resuspension of Road Dust in Different Types of Parking Lots: Emissions, Chemical Characterisation and Ecotoxicity

The thoracic fraction of road dust (PM10) was measured for the first time in Portugal in parking areas, both outdoors and indoors, with the aim of completing existing studies carried out in active lanes of various roads. An in situ resuspension chamber was used to collect a total of 23 samples in three parking areas of Aveiro, whilst the laboratory procedures included determination of carbonaceous content (OC and EC) by a thermo-optical technique, elemental composition by ICP-MS and ICP-OES after acid digestion, and the Aliivribrio fisherii bioluminescent bacteria ecotoxicity bioassay. Dust loadings (DL10) obtained were 18.5 ± 9.8 mg PM10 m−2, in outdoor parking, and 1.8–23.7 mg PM10 m−2 for indoor parking, corresponding to emission factors of 476 and 75–589 mg veh−1 km−1, respectively. OC represented 9–30 % of PM10 for the indoor parking areas. However, for the outdoor samples, the high iron oxide content jeopardised the OC-EC separation. In those samples, carbonates accounted for 10.0 ± 3.3% of the PM10 mass. The analysis of elemental components focused on major elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, and Mg) as well as minor elements. The total mass fraction of element oxides accounted for 27.1% (outdoor) and 23.6–34.3% (indoor). ΣPAH calculated for all parking areas accounted for 8.38–36.9 μg g−1 PM10. The ecotoxicological bioassay showed that all aqueous solutions were toxic to bioluminescent bacteria, whereas no clear correlations could be made with specific component groups, with the exception of ΣPAH and EC50.

Research of iron extraction from primary steelmaking slag

The article examines the issue of involving primary steel making slag in the processing with the extraction of iron and the production of slag, which can be used in the manufacture of construction products. Currently, primary steel slag is not used for the production of construction products due to the large amount of iron, and its use is limited to road construction and in most cases, primary slag is sent to landfills. In the Pavlodar region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, during steel production at electric steel making enterprises, the resulting electric furnace slag and dust are stored in slag dumps. They are practically not used, despite their high content of iron oxides and metallic iron particles (up to 40% by weight in some types of slag). The work experimentally determined the chemical and mineralogical composition of primary electric furnace slag with a total iron content of more than 20%. The slag contains the following minerals: wüstite (FeO), magnetite (Fe3O4), gehlenite (Ca2Al(Al,Si)2O7), merwinite (Ca3Mg(SiO4)2). In the course of experimental studies on the recycling of primary electric furnace smelting slags by reduction induction melting of slag-lime-coke pellets, the possibility of extracting iron in the form of iron-carbon alloys and using the slags for the production of concrete was established.

Integrated use of unconditional mining raw materials

The development of the mining industry is accompanied by an increase in the volume of overburden, enclosing and substandard rocks located in dumps, which negatively affects the ecological situation. The purpose of this study is to establish a possibility and offer ways for the integrated use of mining raw materials. A number of experiments were conducted to achieve the goal. Using the methods of gravimetry and atomic absorption spectroscopy, the chemical analysis of basalts of the Baikal region was carried out; using the destructive method, physical and mechanical tests of the samples were performed. The possibility of using these rocks as a coarse aggregate for concrete was studied; the dependence of the strength of the materials on the chemical composition of crushed stone was established; in particular, it was determined that the addition of crushed stone with a high content of magnesium and iron oxides into the composition of concrete improves the mechanical properties of the samples. The rock acidity modulus was within the regulated limits, which indicates the possibility of obtaining high-quality melt that contributes to good fiber formation. The working temperature for the basalt melt and its relationship with the chemical and mineralogical composition of the basalts were established. Basalts which are of little use for producing concrete are high-quality raw materials for producing mineral fiber. It is possible to use mining raw materials in a complex way and reduce the amount of substandard rocks transferred to dumps, thereby improving the environmental situation in the areas of subsoil use.

Assessment of sol-gel derived iron oxide substituted 45S5 bioglass-ceramics for biomedical applications.

Magnetic bioactive glass-ceramic (MGC) powders with nominal compositions of (45 - x)SiO224.5CaO24.5Na2O6P2O5xFe2O3 (x = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 15 wt%) have been synthesized by a sol-gel route by systematically substituting silicon dioxide with iron oxide in Hench's 45S5 glass composition. Powder X-ray diffraction studies revealed a variation in the percentage of combeite (Ca2Na2Si3O9), magnetite (Fe3O4), and hematite (Fe2O3) nanocrystalline phases in MGC powders as a function of composition. Zeta potential measurements showed that MGC containing up to 10 wt% iron oxide formed stable suspensions. The saturation magnetization and heat generation capacity of MGC fluids increased with an increase in iron oxide content. Degradation of MGC powders was investigated in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The in vitro bioactivity of the MGC powders taken in pellet form was confirmed by observing the pH variation as well as hydroxyapatite layer (HAp) formation upon soaking in modified simulated body fluid. These studies showed a decrement in the overall bioactivity in samples with high iron oxide content due to the proportional decrease in the silanol group. Monitoring the proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast cells in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) revealed that MGC with up to 10 wt% iron oxide exhibited acceptable viability. The systematic study revealed that the MGC with 10 wt% iron oxide exhibited optimal cell viability, magnetic properties and induction heating capacity, which were better than those of FluidMag-CT, which is used for hyperthermia treatment.

GURLEN HYDROSLUIDIC CLAY IS A LOW-TEMPERATURE FLUX IN THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMICS

As a result of a comprehensive study of the characteristics of the clay of the Gurlensky deposit, it was determined that the Gurlensky hydrosluidic clay, in its chemical composition, has a relatively high content of iron oxide and alkaline oxides, as well as fine dispersion and a small amount of finely dispersed free quartz, which give this clay fusibility. It has also been established that the clay of the Gurlensky deposit can be used in the development of ceramic compositions as a low-temperature fluxing component, instead of cullet, erclez, nepheline syenite, etc.

Investigation into the Effect of Rice Husk Ash in Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete

The purpose of this study was to investigate the properties of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as a partial cement replacement material in concrete production based on analysis of its contribution to strength in comparison with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The analysis was focused on: the chemical properties of RHA, workability, density, compressive strength, and tensile strength of concrete. The RHA was obtained from Mwea, Kirinyaga County, Kenya and burned in a kiln to produce white ash which was tested. Chemical analysis to determine the pozzolanic properties of RHA was done using the Gravimetric method, Flame Photometry and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy while particle size distribution of RHA was carried out using sieve analysis and hydrometer analysis. Concrete mixes with different ratios of OPC to RHA binder were cast into cuboid and cylindrical samples. The binder was made by replacing OPC with RHA at intervals of 10% by mass to a maximum of 50% replacement. A binder, sand, and ballast ratio of 1:1.5:3 were maintained with a constant water-cement ratio of 0.6. The cast samples were subjected to water curing on the third day at room temperature. Workability tests were performed on fresh concrete while compressive strength tests and tensile strength tests were performed on hardened concrete in all the mixes. The results were compared with OPC concrete. Results indicated that Kenyan RHA has high silica, alumina, and iron oxide content of about 92%. The workability slightly improves with 10% partial replacement of OPC with RHA but decreases with further addition of RHA. It was also deduced that the optimal binder mix was 10% partial replacement of OPC with RHA however the compressive strength was lower than the OPC concrete by 2.3%. The tensile strength of concrete increased with the addition of RHA up to an optimum of 10%.

Removal of Arsenic From Water With Low Cost and Environmentally-benign Adsorbents

Doğal ve antropojenik kaynaklar yoluyla alıcı ortamlarda yaygın halde bulunan arsenik, toksik ve kanserojen özelliklerinden dolayı halk sağlığı açısından son yıllarda yer altı ve yer üstü sularında karşılaşılan en önemli sorunlardan biridir. Bu çalışmada, doğal ve atık materyallerden elde edilen düşük maliyetli ve çevre dostu adsorbentler kullanılarak arseniğin adsorptif giderimi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla doğal malzeme olarak pomza, atık malzeme olarak kırmızı çamur ve çelikhane cürufu seçilmiştir. Temas süresinin ve adsorbent dozunun etkisi kesikli deneyler yapılarak araştırılmıştır. Test edilen adsorbetler ile %50-95 arasında arsenik giderimleri sağlanmıştır. Deneysel dataların modifiye Freundlich izoterm modeline uyduğu belirlenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalar, çelikhane cürufunun arsenik gideriminde en etkili adsorbent olduğunu ve 3.058 mgAs g-1 maksimum adsorpsiyon kapasitesine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Çelikhane cürufunun yüksek arsenik adsorpsiyon kapasitesi, içerisinde yüksek oranlarda bulunan demir oksit ve kalsiyum oksite bağlanabilir. Mevcut çalışma sonuçları, çelikhane cürufunun arsenik gideriminde ticari aktif karbonlara iyi bir alternatif adsorbent olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte bu atık materyallerin tekrar kullanılması ile atık bertaraf probleminin önüne geçilecek ve ucuz ve etkili bir şekilde çevresel olarak çift taraflı fayda sağlanmış olacaktır.

Selective Dissolution of Nd2O3 from the Mixture with Fe2O3 and Ga2O3 by Using Inorganic Acid Solutions Containing Ethylene Glycol

Rare earth elements (REEs) are strategically critical in the manufacture of advanced materials. Red mud and end-of-life NdFeB magnets can be good secondary sources for REEs, but recovery is difficult due to the high iron oxide content and small amount of REEs. Oxide mixtures whose composition of Fe, Nd, and Ga was similar to that in red mud were employed in experiments. In this study, a relatively inexpensive non-aqueous system was used to selectively dissolve Nd2O3 in a mixture with Fe2O3 and Ga2O3. The addition of ethylene glycol (EG) to HCl and H2SO4 solution depressed the dissolution of Fe2O3 and Ga2O3 from the mixtures, and thus selective dissolution of Nd2O3 was possible. The optimum conditions were as follows: (a) 1.0 M HCl in EG, 25 °C ± 1 °C, 50 g/L pulp density, 120 min, 200 rpm; and (b) 0.05 M H2SO4 in EG, 25 °C ± 1 °C, 50 g/L pulp density, 60 min, 300 rpm. Under these conditions, Nd2O3 was completely dissolved, whereas no Fe2O3 or Ga2O3 was dissolved by the H2SO4 system, and the dissolution percentage of these two oxides by the HCl system was less than 1%. Due to the selective dissolution of Nd2O3 from the oxide mixtures, it is simple to recover Nd. An efficient process can be developed for the recovery of REEs from red mud and end-of-life NdFeB magnets by applying our results.

Why is Mars the “Red Planet”? A New, Novel Hypothesis on the Features of Mars and the Origin of the Asteroid Belt

Mars has always been known as the “Red Planet because it is the only planet in our solar system with a red surface. The reasons for this uniqueness have never been proposed, other than the fact that its soil and surface rocks have a high content of iron oxide. In order to attempt to resolve this issue, a novel hypothesis is proposed herewith. Formulation of this hypothesis involved considering the unique features of Mars and putting them into a rational correlating explanation. The scenario involves the collision of a formerly much larger Mars with another planet early in the solar system’s history. The crust and mantle were blown off, forming the asteroid belt, leaving the iron core intact. Upon cooling and solidification, the iron core combined with oxygen in the remaining atmosphere to form rust-colored iron oxide (rust). Methane in the early atmosphere underwent combustion, forming its current high carbon dioxide atmosphere.  The combustion of methane also produced massive amounts of liquid water, explaining the dried-up erosional features of the planet’s surface, such as river valleys. The point of impact formed a long, deep canyon, Valles Marineris, and the nearby giant volcano, Olympus Mons, even in the absence of Mars’ tectonic activity. The cooled, solidified core may explain why Mars has no magnetic field. If accurate, these ideas may help space programs prepare astronauts for manned exploration of the Red Planet, as well as facilitating an understanding of its unusual features.

Selective Separation of Coloring Impurities from Feldspar Ore by Innovative Single-stage Flotation

ABSTRACT The classical use of an anionic collector does not lead to a satisfactory flotation response for feldspars with high content of mica, iron, and titanium oxides. Therefore, amine-type cationic reagents are preferred together with an anionic reagent to remove especially problematic mica minerals. In this study, main colored impurities in the albite ore were efficiently removed by single-stage flotation using newly developed anionic-cationic mixed reagents. 2408 collector alone achieved much greater results at 1000 g/t dosage and a salable feldspar concentrate assaying 0.03% Fe2O3 and 0.07% TiO2 was successfully produced with 93% Na2O recovery at natural pH. The synergistic effects of 2404 and 2408 collectors, which were successful in removing iron and titanium oxides, were investigated and a feldspar concentrate with 0.04% Fe2O3 and 0.03% TiO2 was obtained at a slightly basic pH medium. With this novel and innovative approach, the increased capacity, easier control, less unit cost, and low collector dosage can be easily achieved using a single collector without the need for any frother or pH adjusting agents.