Integrated use of unconditional mining raw materials

Abstract

The development of the mining industry is accompanied by an increase in the volume of overburden, enclosing and substandard rocks located in dumps, which negatively affects the ecological situation. The purpose of this study is to establish a possibility and offer ways for the integrated use of mining raw materials. A number of experiments were conducted to achieve the goal. Using the methods of gravimetry and atomic absorption spectroscopy, the chemical analysis of basalts of the Baikal region was carried out; using the destructive method, physical and mechanical tests of the samples were performed. The possibility of using these rocks as a coarse aggregate for concrete was studied; the dependence of the strength of the materials on the chemical composition of crushed stone was established; in particular, it was determined that the addition of crushed stone with a high content of magnesium and iron oxides into the composition of concrete improves the mechanical properties of the samples. The rock acidity modulus was within the regulated limits, which indicates the possibility of obtaining high-quality melt that contributes to good fiber formation. The working temperature for the basalt melt and its relationship with the chemical and mineralogical composition of the basalts were established. Basalts which are of little use for producing concrete are high-quality raw materials for producing mineral fiber. It is possible to use mining raw materials in a complex way and reduce the amount of substandard rocks transferred to dumps, thereby improving the environmental situation in the areas of subsoil use.