High Level Of Attitude Research Articles

Alcohol use and HIV risk taking among Chinese MSM in Beijing

BackgroundFew studies have used standardized alcohol use measures among men who have sex with men in China. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM in Beijing. A computer-assisted self-administered questionnaire was used to collect demographics, risk behaviors the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). AUDIT uses a cutoff score of ≥8 while AUDIT C uses a score of ≥4 to classify respondents as problem drinkers. Both include a binge drinking measure. ResultsA total of 500 participants were recruited using respondent-driven sampling. HIV and prevalence is estimated to be 6.1% (95% CI 3.7, 9.2). Almost half of MSM (42.1%, 95% CI 35.8, 49.0) never had a drink containing alcohol in the past year. 5.0% (95% CI 3.1, 7.0) and 8.8% (95% CI 6.1, 11.6) had AUDIT score ≥8 and AUDIT-C score ≥4, respectively. Binge drinking was at 11.8% (95% CI 7.9, 16.0). In multivariate models all measures were associated with alcohol during sex, while AUDIT was associated with high level of attitudes and perceptions on safe sex (AOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.9,1.0), AUDIT-C with being older (AOR 3.5, 95%CI 1.4, 8.8), and HIV status (AOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4, 10.9), and binge drinking with number of male partners (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0, 3.9) and ever having had an HIV test (AOR 1.0, 95%CI 0.9, 1.0). Compared to AUDIT ≥8, AUDIT-C ≥4 and binge drinking were more suitable in identifying HIV risks related to problem drinking. ConclusionsFindings suggest AUDIT is appropriate for use among MSM in China and reinforces the need for incorporating problem drinking as part of approaches to prevent HIV infection among Chinese MSM.

Attitude towards Learning of Science and Academic Achievement in Science among Students at the Secondary Level

<p>The present study aimed to investigate attitude towards learning of Science and academic achievement in Science among students at the secondary level. Using random sampling technique 422 students, from the secondary level in different systems of education, namely, state, matriculation and central board schools were chosen. The Attitude toward Learning of Science Scale (Grewal, 1972) was used to assess the attitude towards learning Science and the marks scored in Science were taken from their half yearly performance. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis, namely, mean, standard deviation, ‘t’- test, ‘F’- ratio, Karl Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Co-efficient ‘r’. Results showed that the students belonging to the central board schools have a higher level of attitude towards learning of Science compared to students in state board but did not differ with students in matriculation board schools at the secondary level. Similarly, students belonging to central board schools performed better in Science subject compared to the students in state and matriculation board schools at the secondary level. The girls are significantly better in their attitude toward learning of Science when compared to the boys in all categories of schools. In matriculation and central board schools the girls are better than boys in their academic achievement in Science whereas in state board schools there is no significant difference in their gender. A positive correlation was found to exist between attitude towards learning Science and academic achievement in Science among the students.</p>

ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BENLİK SAYGI DÜZEYLERİNİN VE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR ÇEVREYE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ

The aim of this study was the investigation determination of some of the variables of self-esteem levels and attitudes towards sustainable environment of the secondary school students. Survey method was used in this study. It was performed in the fall term of 2013-2014 academic years with the secondary school students in Ankara. (ntotal = 99; n5th grade = 21, n6th grade = 22, n7th grade = 24, n8th grade = 32). The data has been analyzed by SPSS package program. The analysis of the data was performed through t-test for independent groups, one-way anova and simple correlation analysis. There wasn’t significant difference by gender between students' levels of self-esteem (t97 = .05, p = .95 > 0.05). Levels of self-esteem girl *Dipnot: Bu calisma, “ Uluslararasi Egitimde Degisim ve Yeni Yonelimler Sempozyumu”nda sunulmustur. and boy students’ were similar. But there was a significant difference by grade level between students' levels of self-esteem in favor of 8th grade students. Mean scores of the students; 5th grade = 37.43, 6th grade = 38.59, 7th grade = 39.08 and 8th grade = 42.00. Level of 8th grade students is seen that individuals with higher levels of self esteem. There wasn’t significant difference by gender between students' levels of attitude towards a sustainable environment (t97 = -1.69, p =.09 > 0.05). Levels of attitude towards a sustainable environment girl and boy students’ were similar. But there was a significant difference by grade level between students' levels of attitude towards a sustainable environment in favor of 8th grade students. Mean scores of the students; 5th grade = 65.62, 6th grade = 69.82, 7th grade = 71.83 and 8th grade = 88.00. Level of 8th grade students is seen that individuals with higher levels of attitude towards a sustainable environment. There was a significant (p = .00

Nursing students’ attitudes towards HIV/AIDS: Ağrı, Istanbul and Mersin samples from Turkey

Objective: This study investigates nursing students’attitudes towards HIV/AIDS in three different provinces of Turkey. The chosen provinces are Istanbul, the largest and most crowded city of Turkey; Agri, which is located in the further east of Turkey with socio-economic disadvantages and finally Mersin, one of the most important port cities of Turkey. Methods: A total of 230 nursing students formed the population of this research. The research data was compiled through personal information forms and HIV/AIDS attitude inventory. HIV/AIDS Attitude Inventory (henceforth HAAI) is a 19-item 4 point Likert-type scale.Percentages and mean scores were executed and computed during data analysis. Students’ sociodemographic data were also analyzed. The following steps were followed for the analysis of attitude levels about HIV/AIDS through HAAI. Results: The results of the research reveal that nursing students in general have a positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS. No considerable difference was found between the academic background, marital status, having previous sexual experience or not, having a patient with HIV/AIDS, and caring for a person with HIV/AIDS or not in the different grade levels of the nursing school and their attitudes about HIV/AIDS. It was identified that nursing students with high anxiety level about caring for someone with HIV/AIDS have higher level of attitudes towards HIV/AIDS than those with lower levels of anxiety about this issue. Conclusion: This research was conducted in three different cities of Turkey and its results cannot be generalized to the country. In spite of its limitations, the results of this research can help reach some important and functional clues regarding nursing education. The nurses should be educated about this subject at universities to gain positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients.

English

This study investigated the influence of different types of web page design on browsers’ attitudes, figured out if information-processing styles play moderating roles, and examined the relationship between attitude towards the web page and visit intention. This research specifically designed three web pages, created in different types, words only, pictures only, and a combination of words and pictures. Respondents were undergraduate students, and answered questionnaires online. This research found no significant difference between high and low need for cognition (NFC) individuals in terms of attitude towards the web page when the web page was presented in words design. A higher level of attitude was associated with high PFA individuals when the web page presented in pictures design. Individuals with high NFC and high PFA were significantly different from the other groups when the web page presented in combination design. At last, a positive correlation existed between attitude towards the web page and visit intention.   Key words: Attitude towards the web page, visit intention, web page design, information processing styles.

Can Technology Acceptance Model be Applied on the Rural Setting: The Case of Village Development and Security Committee in Malaysia

Problem statement: Malaysia has come out with a number of strategies such as National Information Technology Center, Universal Services Provider, Rural Internet Center and Rural Info Center to strengthen and encourage ICT usage among the rural community. Besides the efforts that are brought by the government, do the rural community especially their leaders which are the Village Development and Security Committee use ICT? Approach: The main objective of this study was to investigate any relationship that might occur between variables of Technology Acceptance Model and ICT usage among Village Development and Security Committee. A total of 240 Village Development and Security Committees were selected as the respondents for this study where a developed questionnaire was used to gain the data needed. For the purpose of analysis, SPSS was used where descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. Results: Based on the analyses run, it can be concluded that Village Development and Security Committee in Malaysia have a moderate level of ICT usage. Further analyses run showed that all of the three variables of Technology Acceptance Model namely attitude, perceive ease of use and perceive usefulness have a positive and significant relationship with ICT usage while attitude was detected as the main contributor towards ICT usage among Village Development and Security Committee. Conclusion/Recommendation: This study has revealed that Technology Acceptance Model that was used to explain ICT usage can be applied within the Malaysian rural setting. It also can be concluded that Village Development and Security Committee with a high level of attitude, perceive ease of use and perceive usefulness towards ICT will have higher level of ICT usage. To further develop and sustain this high level of attitude, perceive ease of use and perceive usefulness towards ICT usage, Village Development and Security Committee must be frequently exposed to ICT information and knowledge. It is recommended that ICT house to house training can be conducted among the Village Development and Security Committee by the related agencies.

Attitude Towards Contract Farming Among Malaysian Agriculture Learning Institution Students

Problem statement: The government’s effort in enhancing agriculture productivity cannot be argued. The introduction of contract farming is one of the ways. Contract farming includes a number of new agriculture activities such as leech rearing, worm rearing, vanilla farming, herbs, catfish and many more. However, is the youth who are the pillar of this industry have a positive attitude towards it? This was the main objective of this study, to investigate the attitude of Malaysian agriculture institution students toward contract farming and factors that affect it. Approach: This was a quantitative study and data was gathered through a survey questionnaire. A total of 194 respondents from two main agriculture learning institutions in Malaysia were selected through a simple random sampling. The data collection took almost two months to be completed. Results: As expected, the study revealed that the Malaysian agriculture institution students have a high level of attitude towards contract farming. Further analysis through multiple regression analysis informed us that three factors which are acceptance, support and knowledge are significant predictors of youths’ attitude towards contract farming. Conclusion: In order to enhance the attitude of youth towards contract farming, exposure to contract farming among the youth should be doubled and a specific course on contract farming can be introduced. Besides, establishing contract farming youth club can be introduced.

思春期における不快情動への態度とストレスの関連

This study investigated the relationship between stress and attitudes toward negative emotions in adolescents. Adolescent students (N=1500) completed a questionnaire that measured attitudes toward negative emotions, emotional-stress reactions, and stress coping. Analysis of date yielded, two factors of the attitudes toward negative emotions: "Negative feelings about negative emotions" and "Capabilities of switching of negative emotions". In order to examine the theoretical relationships among attitudes toward negative emotions, emotional-stress reactions, and stress coping, a hypothetical model was tested by covariance structure analysis. This model predicted that students who have a high level of attitudes toward negative emotions would report enhanced problem solving which promoted stress coping. The results indicated that "Negative feelings about negative emotions" enhanced avoidable coping, and avoidable coping enhanced stress reactions. "Capabilities of switching of negative emotions" was related to a decrease of avoidable coping. Based on the results from covariance structure analysis and a multiple population analysis, the clinical significance and developmental characteristics were discussed.

Color-blind racial attitudes and white racial identity attitudes in psychology trainees.

Is it really important to talk about race in therapy? Does discussion of societal racism have any place in the consulting room? The American Psychological Association’s (2003) recent multicultural guidelines highlight the limitations of a racially “color-blind” perspective for clinical practice. This study explored the relationships between color-blind racial attitudes and White racial identity. In a sample of 177 White counseling and clinical psychology trainees, we found that higher levels of attitudes that minimized or distorted the existence of contemporary racism (i.e., color-blind attitudes) were positively related to attitudes associated with less integrated forms of racial identity. Conversely, the results indicated that greater awareness of racism was related to more integrated White racial identity statuses. Implications for assessment, treatment, training, and future research are discussed.

Relationship Between Perceived Family Support And Physical Activity Of Girls From 8th To 12th Grade

Others have shown that physical activity (PA) of girls declines as they progress from 9th to 12th grade. The study of PA correlates may help in planning PA interventions. PURPOSE To determine whether girls who perceive higher family support in the 8th grade participate in more PA and have higher selected correlates of PA in the 8th, 9th and 12th grades. METHODS A total of 421 girls (58.4% black, 13.6±0.6 years, BMI=24.0±5.5) completed questionnaires at each grade. Family support (FS) was measured by questions to assess whether family members (adults and other children) encouraged, participated with, provided transportation, watched participation, or told each girl that PA was good for her health. Responses ranged from 0 for no support to 4 for daily and the five questions were averaged to obtain a score. Girls with scores in the upper quartile were considered to have higher FS as compared to girls in the lower quartiles. Other measures obtained included PA self-efficacy (SE), attitudes (ATT), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and whether the girls had equipment for PA and sports. Girls were also asked whether they participated on a sports team, and they completed a 3 day PA recall (3DPAR). Odds ratios (OR) of girls in the high FS group also reporting 1 or more 30-min blocks of VPA (=6 METs), 2 or more 30-min blocks of MVPA (= 3 METs) or sports (school or outside of school) were calculated after controlling for race, BMI and school. T-tests were used to determine whether girls with higher FS had higher levels of ATT, SE, PBC and PA equipment than girls with lower FS. RESULTS Girls with higher FS in the 8th grade had higher 8th grade VPA (OR=1.94, p = .01), MVPA (OR= 2.50, p < .01), and sports participation (OR=2.63, p < .001); higher 9th grade MVPA (OR=1.89, p = .02), and sports participation (OR=1.98, p = .01); and higher 12th grade VPA (1.49, p = .09), and sports participation (OR=2.64, p < .001) than girls with lower FS. Girls with higher FS also had higher scores for SE, PBC and PA equipment at all three time points (p < .05) as compared with girls with lower FS. CONCLUSIONS Family support may help to prevent the decline in PA of high school girls. Support from family members may lessen the decline in PA independently from girl's SE, PBC and perceived PA equipment. The role of family should be carefully considered when planning interventions in high school girls. Supported by NIH Grant HL 057775

Relationship Between Perceived Family Support And Physical Activity Of Girls From 8th To 12th Grade

Others have shown that physical activity (PA) of girls declines as they progress from 9th to 12th grade. The study of PA correlates may help in planning PA interventions. PURPOSE To determine whether girls who perceive higher family support in the 8th grade participate in more PA and have higher selected correlates of PA in the 8th, 9th and 12th grades. METHODS A total of 421 girls (58.4% black, 13.6±0.6 years, BMI=24.0±5.5) completed questionnaires at each grade. Family support (FS) was measured by questions to assess whether family members (adults and other children) encouraged, participated with, provided transportation, watched participation, or told each girl that PA was good for her health. Responses ranged from 0 for no support to 4 for daily and the five questions were averaged to obtain a score. Girls with scores in the upper quartile were considered to have higher FS as compared to girls in the lower quartiles. Other measures obtained included PA self-efficacy (SE), attitudes (ATT), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and whether the girls had equipment for PA and sports. Girls were also asked whether they participated on a sports team, and they completed a 3 day PA recall (3DPAR). Odds ratios (OR) of girls in the high FS group also reporting 1 or more 30-min blocks of VPA (=6 METs), 2 or more 30-min blocks of MVPA (= 3 METs) or sports (school or outside of school) were calculated after controlling for race, BMI and school. T-tests were used to determine whether girls with higher FS had higher levels of ATT, SE, PBC and PA equipment than girls with lower FS. RESULTS Girls with higher FS in the 8th grade had higher 8th grade VPA (OR=1.94, p = .01), MVPA (OR= 2.50, p < .01), and sports participation (OR=2.63, p < .001); higher 9th grade MVPA (OR=1.89, p = .02), and sports participation (OR=1.98, p = .01); and higher 12th grade VPA (1.49, p = .09), and sports participation (OR=2.64, p < .001) than girls with lower FS. Girls with higher FS also had higher scores for SE, PBC and PA equipment at all three time points (p < .05) as compared with girls with lower FS. CONCLUSIONS Family support may help to prevent the decline in PA of high school girls. Support from family members may lessen the decline in PA independently from girl's SE, PBC and perceived PA equipment. The role of family should be carefully considered when planning interventions in high school girls. Supported by NIH Grant HL 057775

The Effects of Student's Attitude toward Physical Education Classes on Academic Learning Time

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of the student's attitude toward physical education classes on Academic Learning Time. The subjects were 51 (17 in each group) students in physical education classes, in which subject matters were team sports instructed by 6 physical education teachers at a junior high school and a senior high school in the same campus.Main findings are as follows.1) The results of ALT-PE were affected by the student's attitude toward physical education classes. The high attitude level of students tends to increase the rate of “ALT of motor activity” and “ALT of motor activity in main task”. However the low attitude level of students tends to decrease the rate of them.2) On the game situation, the student's attitude toward physical education classes affected the results of ALT-PE. High attitude level of students tends to increase the rates of “Engaged Motor Response” and “ALT of motor activity in main task”, and it tends to decrease the rate of “Waiting in Not Engaged”, On the other hand, the low attitude level of students tends to decrease the rates of “Engaged Motor Response” and “ALT of motor activity in main task”, and it tends to increase the rate of “Waiting in Not Engaged”. On the practice situation, the student's attitude toward physical education classes didn't affect them.

Importance of attitude evaluation in diabetes patient education

Attitudes were evaluated according to the ‘Personal Responsibility Attitude Assessment System’ (PRAS), which allows grading of patients' attitudes into five levels of perception of responsibility toward their disease. In 59 diabetics evaluated in this study, no sex difference was observed in attitude level, but more of those aged less than 40 years showed lower attitude levels (levels 1–4) than those aged 40 years or over ( P<0.01). Of those aged 40 or over, more patients with a high attitude level (level 5) had had diabetes for 10 years or longer than those with low attitude levels (levels 1–4) ( P<0.05). Among those not treated with insulin, patients with a low attitude level showed higher hemoglobin A 1 (HbA 1) levels ( P<0.01) and more frequently had retinopathy ( P<0.05) than patients with high attitude levels. As for women, low attitude level patients consumed less fruit, meat or fish, and vegetables ( P<0.05) but more fat and sweetening agents ( P<0.05) than high attitude level patients. These results suggest an association between the attitude level of diabetic patients evaluated by PRAS and the degree of their self-care. Evaluation of patients' attitudes is important in predicting the response to educational intervention in diabetes.

Unit performance, situational factors, and employee attitudes in spatially separated work units

This study investigated the relationships between work unit performance on the one hand, and employee attitudes and situational characteristics on the other hand, among 411 female clerical workers in 37 branches of a bank. The branches are work units characterized by spatial separation and the performance of similar functions. Two independent dimensions of performance were empirically identified and their relationship to attitudes and situational characteristics studied within a multivariate framework by means of multiple discriminant analysis. The results indicate that employee attitudes were significantly related to a measure of branch performance reflecting job duties performed within the branch. Employees in branches rated high in performance had a higher level of attitudes toward aspects of both the branch in which they work and the larger organization of which it is a part, while individuals in low- and medium-performing branches had a lower level of attitudes that was similar. Situational characteristics of the branch were most highly related to the manager's performance of loan functions, a large portion of which may take place outside the branch.