High Value-added Products Research Articles

Mixed plastics waste valorization to high-added value products via thermally induced phase separation and spin-casting

Plastic waste is an underutilized resource that has the potential to be transformed into value-added materials. However, its chemical diversity leads to cost-intensive sorting techniques, limiting recycling and upcycling opportunities. Herein, we report an open-loop recycling method to produce graded feedstock from mixed polyolefins waste, which makes up 60% of total plastic waste. The method uses heat flow scanning to quantify the composition of plastic waste and resolves its compatibility through controlled dissolution. The resulting feedstock is then used to synthesize blended pellets, porous sorbents, and superhydrophobic coatings via thermally induced phase separation and spin-casting. The hybrid approach broadens the opportunities for reusing plastic waste, which is a step towards creating a more circular economy and better waste management practices.

Insight into the experiment and extraction mechanism for separating carbazole from anthracene oil with quaternary ammonium-based deep eutectic solvents

Carbazole is an irreplaceable basic organic chemical raw material and intermediate in industry. The separation of carbazole from anthracene oil by environmental benign solvents is important but still a challenge in chemical engineering. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a sustainable green separation solvent have been proposed for the separation of carbazole from model anthracene oil. In this research, three quaternary ammonium-based DESs were prepared using ethylene glycol (EG) as hydrogen bond donor and tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC), tetrabutylammonium bromide or choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptors. To explore their extraction performance of carbazole, the conductor-like screeningmodelfor real solvents (COSMO-RS) model was used to predict the activity coefficient at infinite dilution (γ∞) of carbazole in DESs, and the result indicated TBAC:EG (1:2) had the stronger extraction ability for carbazole due to the higher capacity at infinite dilution (C∞) value. Then, the separation performance of these three DESs was evaluated by experiments, and the experimental results were in good agreement with the COSMO-RS prediction results. The TBAC:EG (1:2) was determined as the most promising solvent. Additionally, the extraction conditions of TBAC:EG (1:2) were optimized, and the extraction efficiency, distribution coefficient and selectivity of carbazole could reach up to 85.74%, 30.18 and 66.10%, respectively. Moreover, the TBAC:EG (1:2) could be recycled by using environmentally friendly water as antisolvent. In addition, the separation performance of TBAC:EG (1:2) was also evaluated by real crude anthracene, the carbazole was obtained with purity and yield of 85.32%, 60.27%, respectively. Lastly, the extraction mechanism was elucidated by σ-profiles and interaction energy analysis. Theoretical calculation results showed that the main driving force for the extraction process was the hydrogen bonding ((N–H…Cl) and van der Waals interactions (C–H…O and C–H…π), which corresponding to the blue and green isosurfaces in IGMH analysis. This work presented a novel method for separating carbazole from crude anthracene oil, and will provide an important reference for the separation of other high value-added products from coal tar.

Investigations for a Yarrowia-Based Biorefinery: In Vitro Proof-of-Concept for Manufacturing Sweetener, Cosmetic Ingredient, and Bioemulsifier

Yarrowia lipolytica is a widely used microorganism in biotechnology since it is capable of producing a wide range of products (lipase, citric acid, polyols). A less-studied related strain is Y. divulgata, which is also capable of erythritol production in even higher concentration than most Y. lipolytica wild strains from glycerol as renewable feedstock. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate Y. divulgata’s complex utilisation based on erythritol fermentation from glycerol to establish a Yarrowia-based biorefinery in which both the fermentation broth and separated cells are converted into high added-value products (erythritol, bioemulsifier, cosmetic ingredient, i.e., skin moisturizer). An important parameter of erythritol fermentation is an adequate oxygen level, so both the constant oxygen level and oxygen absorption rate were investigated regarding the three target products. DO (dissolved oxygen) = 10, 20, 30, 40% was examined in the bioreactor, and a KLa range of 18–655 h−1 was investigated in both the bioreactor and in different types of shaking flasks, applying two different glycerol levels (100–150 g/L). The results showed that the Yarrowia divulagata NCAIM 1485 strain could produce one of the highest amounts of erythritol (44.14 ± 1 g/L) among wild-type yeasts from 150 g/L glycerol beside a KLa value of 655 h−1. Cell-lysates skin hydrating activity was the highest (12%) when DO = 20% (KLa 26.4 h−1) was applied. In all cases, the collected samples had an emulsification index above 69% which did not decrease below 54% after 24 h, showing good stability. Since Y. divulgata fermentations resulted in three high added-value products at the same time from a renewable raw material (glycerol), we concluded that it is suitable for complex utilisation in a microbial biorefinery, since the fermentation broth can be used for the isolation of a sweetener and bioemulsifier; meanwhile, the separated cells can be processed for cosmetic application as a skin moisturizer.

A Critical Review of the Enhanced Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Phosphogypsum.

The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REEs), especially from new and innovative technology, has strained their supply, which makes the exploration of new REE sources necessary, for example, the recovery of REEs from phsophogypsum (PG). PG is a byproduct during the wet production of phosphoric acid, which is an attractive secondary resource for REEs due to a large amount of REEs locked in them. In most cases, REEs contained in PG are mainly encapsulated in the gypsum crystal, leading to a low leaching efficiency. Therefore, it is particularly important to use various methods to enhance the leaching of REEs from PG. In this review, we summarized and classified various enhanced leaching methods for the recovery of REEs from PG, and the advantages and disadvantages of different methods were compared. A joint method of recrystallization and RIL may be a promising enhanced leaching approach for the recovery of REEs from PG. Recrystallization could achieve both the complete REE release and simultaneous preparation of industrial materials with high value added, such as high-strength α-hemihydrate gypsum by phase transformation of PG, and the RIL technology could adsorb the releasing REEs and realize their efficient extraction. Such a combination appears to show significant advantages because of high REE recovery, as well as high value-added product preparation at low cost.

Enhancing sustainable valorization: Harmless synergistic melting treatment for high-value vitreous products from MSWI fly ash and electrolytic manganese residue

The waste-to-energy and manganese industries face significant ecological challenges due to two major risk sources: municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash and electrolytic manganese residue (EMR), especially, the MSWI fly is classified as hazardous waste. High temperature melting is a promising method for harmless disposal of solid wastes. However, it has yet to be industrialized due to the high costs and energy consumption. This study proposes using EMR as an additive to co-melt with MSWI fly ash, aiming to develop a method that minimizes energy consumption while producing high value-added products. To this end, the phase evolution and phase-change cooling characteristics during the co-melting process of MSWI fly ash and EMR were experimentally investigated. XRD and SEM analyses revealed that pure vitreous slag can be obtained when mixtures are heated to 1500 °C for 120 min with ≥40 wt% EMR addition under natural air-cooling conditions. Additionally, to produce vitreous slag by air-cooling and increase MSWI fly ash treatment capacity, the molten mixture with 30 wt% EMR addition was adopted in the directional solidification experiments to establish a predictive model relating the average cooling rate to the glass content. The findings ultimately contribute to the advancement of melting-based industrial applications.

Preparation of Ni/YSZ Catalysts for Application of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Methanation

Co-electrolysis of CO2 and steam using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) is a major focus of the CO2 conversion. Furthermore, SOECs have the potential to drive high value-added products with reduced carbon footprint. For example, the syngas (mixture of CO and H2) can be produced by SOEC-driven co-electrolysis of CO2 and steam, and utilized in the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process for the synthesis of artificial hydrocarbon. The artificial hydrocarbons would be environmentally friendly fuels when CO2 is obtained from carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. The Ni-based cermet, such as Ni with yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni/YSZ), is a typical material of SOEC device, and Ni has been found to be an active catalyst for CH4 production (methanation). Therefore, use of the Ni/YSZ has potential to directly convert CO2 and H2O to CH4. In the catalytic process, the activity, selectivity and durability of the Ni/YSZ catalyst are significantly influenced by the structural property of Ni and YSZ, which is varied by the Ni loading and calcination conditions in addition to the studied reaction conditions. The preparation of Ni/YZS catalyst with high performance in co-electrolysis and methanation is still challenging.Herein, the preparation of the Ni/YSZ catalysts with enhanced activity in SOEC methanation was studied. The Ni/YSZ catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation, one of the catalyst preparation methods, and characterized by several conventional methods. Effects of Ni loading and calcination conditions on the performance of Ni/YSZ catalysts were examined by CO2 methanation. A Ni/YZS catalyst gave a high CO2 conversion of 86% and a high methane selectivity at around 300 ºC under ambient pressure. With Ni/YSZ prepared using the optimized method, we are planning to prepare tubular cells and evaluate their activity in SOEC methanation.

Direct dissolution of unbleached pulp from corncob and wheat straw in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide

Lignocellulose, as a kind of abundant natural resource, continuously developed to convert high value-added biological products is of great significance. Herein, we report a N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) solvent system to completely dissolve unbleached pulp to prepare a renewable lignin-containing cellulose film. The viscosity of the completely dissolved cellulose solution was measured using a high-pressure rotary rheometer. The shear viscosity exceeded 85 Pa·s at a shear rate of 1.62 s−1. It exhibited shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid behavior with increasing shear rate. CF-WS had excellent tensile strength (>73 MPa), and exhibited unique optical properties of high transmittance in the visible region and high shielding performance in the ultraviolet region. When the thickness is only 0.016 mm, the UV shielding rate exceeds 75 % (λ < 380 nm). The structure of the bioplastic was revealed by SEM, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy. Directly dissolving lignocellulose in NMMO aqueous solution is expected to yield bioplastics with high strength and biodegradability. It is a potential substitute for petrochemical plastics and provides a possible way for the utilization of agricultural waste.

Pretreatment and Bioconversion for Valorization of Residues of Non-Edible Oilseeds

Biodiesel production currently follows a first-generation model using edible oils as raw materials. Such a production model is unsustainable, considering that it is limited by the high cost of edible oils, competes with the food sector, and is linked to deforestation and other environmental threats. Changing the raw material base to non-edible oils provides an opportunity to increase the sustainability of the biodiesel industry and to avoid conflicts with food production. Processing non-edible oilseeds for extracting the oil to be used for producing biodiesel generates large amounts of residues, such as de-oiled cakes, seed husks, and fruit shells and pods as well as plant stems and leaves resulting from pruning and other agronomy practices. Most of those residues are currently disposed of by burning or used in a suboptimal way. Bioconversion following the sugar platform route, anaerobic digestion, or enzyme production provides means for upgrading them to advanced biofuels and high-added value products. Bioconversion of plant biomass, including oilseed residues, requires pretreatment to enhance their susceptibility to enzymes and microorganisms. This review provides an outlook on bioconversion approaches applicable to different residues of oilseed-bearing plant species. Recent reports on the pretreatment of non-edible oilseed residues for enhancing their bioconversion through either the sugar platform route or anaerobic digestion are critically discussed. This review is based on an exhaustive Web of Science search performed in January–May 2023.

Wind energy-driven medical waste treatment with polygeneration and carbon neutrality: Process design, advanced exergy analysis and process optimization

This study presents a novel and original rich-O2 steam gasification-based process integrated with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) for carbon-neutral valorization of medical waste (MW) in Hong Kong. The process employs a calcium loop to capture CO2 from the gasifier-produced syngas, simultaneously facilitating H2 production. The captured CO2 is optionally utilized to generate high value-added products like ethylene, ethanol, and acetic acid through electroreduction. The process incorporates multiple steam Rankine cycles for converting waste heat to power, achieving a total energy efficiency of 71.38%. Advanced exergy analysis reveals over 70% endogenous exergy destruction in reactors and 79.05% avoidable exergy destruction in heat exchangers and condensers, which may be paid more attention. Driven by wind energy, the process has the potential to achieve zero CO2 emission. Economic optimization demonstrates potential profits up to 10410 HK$/h with sufficient wind energy supply and 2548.2 HK$/h with limited supply. This study highlights the novelty of a carbon-neutral MW valorization approach, CCUS utilization, advanced exergy analysis, optimization and renewable wind energy for sustainability and economic viability.

Pyrolysis of spent rapeseed meal: A circular economy example for waste valorization

This study describes an original procedure for protein extraction from rapeseed meal, which due to its well-balanced amino acid composition is used in livestock and aquaculture industries. The waste collected after the extraction process was converted through induction pyrolysis using two different set-ups and different reaction conditions. The choice of process parameters address the reaction towards a high formation of bio-oil (30.5%) and gas (30.7%) or the production of large quantities of bio-char (up to 53%). Bio-oils were characterized through GC–MS and 1H NMR, to evaluate its composition. The bio-oils are rich in nitrogenous aromatic compounds, in particular pyrrole and derivatives of pyrazines. In addition, other high value-added products such as furfuryl alcohol are also present. A TGA analysis was used to determine the thermal stability of the char and FT-IR analysis of the solid fraction shows the presence of residual functional groups on the surface. This study reveals that pyrolysis is a valid way for biomass conversion, solving

Copper-Catalyzed Benzylic Functionalization of Lignin-Derived Monomers.

Within the field of lignin biorefining, significant research effort has been dedicated to the advancement of catalytic methods for lignocellulose depolymerization. However, another key challenge in lignin valorization is the conversion of the obtained monomers into higher value-added products. To address this challenge, new catalytic methods that can fully embrace the inherent complexity of their target substrates are needed. Here, we describe copper-catalyzed reactions for benzylic functionalization of lignin-derived phenolics via intermediate formation of hexafluoroisopropoxy masked para-quinone methides (p-QMs). By controlling the rates of copper catalyst turnover and p-QM release, we have developed copper-catalyzed allylation and alkynylation reactions of lignin-derived monomers to install various unsaturated fragments amenable to further synthetic applications.

A non-radical activation of peroxydisulfate by CuO to selectively oxidize aminobenzenes to nitrobenzenes

Activation of persulfate by transition metal oxides (TMOs) has been widely studied to solve environmental pollution. Notwithstanding the strong oxidability and the high purification efficiency, the radical oxidation route of activated persulfate suffers the low utilization rate of oxidant and the non-selective oxidation to produce hazardous secondary pollutants, as well as the effect of pH value in reaction system. In this study, we used CuO catalyst to activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) to selectively oxidize aromatic amino compounds (AACs) to aromatic nitro compounds (ANCs) through a non-radical pathway, not only effectively eliminating the harmful pollutants in wastewater, but also achieving high value-added products. By using p-chloroaniline (p-CAN) as a model pollutant, we studied the effect of catalyst morphology, concentrations of p-CAN and PDS, the pH value, and the presence of anion on the p-CAN conversion and the p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) yield. Furthermore, the catalytic durability and the universality for other aniline derivatives were investigated. The results indicate that the CuO-activated PDS under the optimized conditions is an efficient strategy to selectively convert AACs to ANCs with high catalytic stability and good universality. Through characterizing the used catalyst with different technology and radical measurements, it was confirmed that the non-radical mechanism was the main oxidation route of p-CAN. Additionally, the intermediate products were detected and the possible reaction pathways were proposed.

Glycolic acid-based deep eutectic solvents boosting co-production of xylo-oligomers and fermentable sugars from corncob and the related kinetic mechanism

BackgroundXylo-oligomers are a kind of high value-added products in biomass fractionation. Although there are several chemical methods to obtain xylo-oligomers from biomass, the reports about the deep eutectic solvents (DESs)-mediated co-production of xylo-oligomers and fermentable sugars and the related kinetic mechanism are limited.ResultsIn this work, glycolic acid-based DESs were used to obtain xylo-oligomers from corncob. The highest xylo-oligomers yield of 65.9% was achieved at 120 °C for 20 min, of which the functional xylo-oligosaccharides (XOSs, DP 2–5) accounted for up to 31.8%. Meanwhile, the enzymatic digestion of cellulose and xylan in residues reached 81.0% and 95.5%, respectively. Moreover, the addition of metal inorganic salts significantly accelerated the hydrolysis of xylan and even the degradation of xylo-oligomers in DES, thus resulting in higher selectivity of xylan removal. AlCl3 showed the strongest synergistic effect with DES on accelerating the processes, while FeCl2 is best one for xylo-oligomers accumulation, affording the highest xylo-oligomers yield of 66.1% for only 10 min. Furthermore, the kinetic study indicates that the ‘potential hydrolysis degree’ model could well describe the xylan hydrolysis processes and glycolic acid/lactic acid (3:1) is a promising solvent for xylo-oligomers production, in particular, it worked well with FeCl2 for the excellent accumulation of xylo-oligomers.ConclusionsGlycolic acid-based deep eutectic solvents can be successfully applied in corncob fractionation with excellent xylo-oligomers and fermentable sugars yields on mild conditions, and the large amount of xylo-oligosaccharides accumulation could be achieved by specific process controlling. The strategies established here can be useful for developing high-valued products from biomass.

Carrot Discard as a Promising Feedstock to Produce 2,3-Butanediol by Fermentation with P. polymyxa DSM 365.

The valorization of fruit and vegetable residues (such as carrot discard) and their microbial conversion into 2,3-butanediol (BDO) can be considered as a very interesting way to reduce food waste and sustainably originate high value-added products. This work analyzes the valorization of carrot discard as feedstock for 2,3-butanediol (BDO) production by Paenibacillus polymyxa DSM 365. The influences of stirring and the presence of tryptone (nitrogen source) are studied. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the influence of the pre-culture medium (nitrogen source, nutrients, and pH) and the substrate, fermentation assays in simple and mixture semi-defined media (glucose, fructose, and/or galactose) were also carried out. As a result, 18.8 g/L BDO, with a BDO yield of 0.43 g/g (86% of its theoretical value), could be obtained from carrot discard enzymatic hydrolysate at 100 rpm, no tryptone, and pre-culture Häßler medium. No hydrothermal pre-treatment was necessary for BDO production from carrot discard, which increases the profitability of the process. Therefore, 18.8 g BDO, as well as 2.5 g ethanol and 2.1 g acetoin by-products, could be obtained from 100 g of carrot discard (dry matter).

Electrochemical oxidation of a real effluent using selective cathodic and anodic strategies to simultaneously produce high value-added compounds: Green hydrogen and carboxylic acids

In this work, the simultaneous production of green hydrogen (H2) and carboxylic acids from the electrochemical treatment of washing machine effluent is demonstrated for the first time. The electrochemical treatment of the effluent was carried out using a solar-powered polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM-type) cell with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode as anode and a Ni-Fe-based SS (stainless steel) mesh as the cathode with two types of electrolytes (0.1 mol/L H2SO4 and 0.1 mol/L Na2SO4), by applying different current densities (j). A synthetic and non-destructive effluent transformation strategy was implemented by controlling the operating conditions in order to regulate precursor-intermediates, oxidants, and •OH production. The results show the formation of high value-added products (carboxylic acids) and energy sources (green H2) in the anodic and cathodic compartments, respectively, with the possibility of selective electroconversion to acetic acid depending on the electrolyte and j. The green H2 production rate is also influenced by the pH conditions, the electrolyte, and the anodic j. The technology proposed here may constitute a promising, efficient and sustainable route towards the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6 and 7.

Waste remediation: Low-temperature synthesis of hybrid Cu(OH)2/CuO and CuO nanostructures from spent printed circuit boards and their dye degradation studies.

The demand for environmentally friendly and sustainable resource utilization techniques for recycling waste printed circuit boards is significant due to their status as valuable secondary resources, containing high-purity copper and precious metals. In this context, Cu(OH)2/CuO and CuO nanostructures were fabricated using alkaline precipitation and low-temperature aging methods using the strip solution originated from laboratory-scale spent mobile phone printed circuit board recovery process. XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, and TEM were utilized to characterize the as-recovered nanoproducts. A hybrid structure of Cu(OH)2/CuO was formed at 70°, and monoclinic CuO phase was formed at 80°C aging time. The results show that Cu(OH)2/CuO nanoflakes have an average crystallite size of 24.06nm and a particle width of 22 ± 3nm. Cu(OH)2/CuO nanoflakes formed at 70°C aging temperature and 24-h residence time have finer crystallite and particle sizes than CuO-ridged nanospheres formed at 80°C aging temperature. The optical band gap energy of Cu(OH)2/CuO and CuO nanostructures formed was found to be 2.28eV and 2.22eV, respectively. The hybrid Cu(OH)2/CuO nanostructure photocatalyzed the decomposed 97.28% rhodamine blue using a visible light source, whereas the CuO nanostructure degraded only 14.64% rhodamine blue dye under similar conditions. A surfactant-less hybrid structure is developed without the use of any chemical precursor. Thus, a high value-added product is produced using one waste material to remove another waste in wastewater treatment.

Selective oxidation of aniline over a {Ce3}-sandwiching POM catalyst in water

The selective oxidation of aniline towards high value-added products in water is of great importance from both the elimination of aniline pollutant in water and the production of high value-added chemicals points of view. Herein, we report the synthesis and application of a {Ce3}-sandwiching germanotungstate K10Na4[Ce3(μ2-O)3(GeW9O34)2]·24H2O (1) in the selective oxidation of aniline and derivatives towards corresponding nitroso compounds in water with diluent H2O2 as the oxidant. Compound 1 has been carefully characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, TG, FT-IR, PXRD, XPS, and SEM. Under optimized condition, aniline can be quantitatively converted and the selectivity towards nitrosobenzene reaches up to 86.0% without any additives. The performance comparisons of different catalysts reveal that the structural combination of oxo-cerium and oxo-tungsten facilitates the enhancement of catalytic performance.

Evaluation of volatile fatty acids and ammonia recovery approach from landfill leachate using pilot-scale mechanical vapor recompression

Treatment of landfill leachate is still a current problem due to the high treatment costs in addition to the difficulty of meeting the discharge criteria. However, there is a more important issue that should be underlined; it is also valuable compounds that leachate contains. Conventional methods used for treatment of leachate such as membrane filtration, advanced oxidation processes, biological processes and their combinations have largely focused on treatment. However, the recovery of ammonia and volatile organic acids (VFA) in leachate is a promising approach both to overcome high treatment costs and to sustainably manage leachate. In this study, leachate treatment potential was investigated by mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) process, which offers an operational opportunity to recover high value-added products from leachate while providing an effective treatment for wastewater. Optimum operating conditions for the pilot-scale MVR process have been determined by laboratory-scale studies. VFAs were recovered as organic acid salts from the pilot-scale MVR distillate, while ammonia recovery was accomplished as ammonium sulfate from a highly contaminated concentrate stream. VFA and ammonia recovery rates were 89% and 99%, respectively. The treatment cost of leachate with MVR process was calculated according to the data obtained in pilot scale MVR studies considering the operating cost, chemical cost and economical contribution of value-added products. The results showed that the integrated MVR-crystallization process, all treatment costs are covered, with a net gain of 3.8 USD/m3. Consequently, MVR integrated crystallization process offers an economical and sustainable solution for the treatment of leachate by recovering valuable products.

Defects influence photocatalytic NOCM product selectivity by controlling photogenerative carriers

Photocatalytic Non-oxidative coupling of methane (NOCM) is a green method to convert methane into high value-added products such as ethane and ethylene by using photogenerated electron-holes. Compared with oxidative coupling of methane (OCM), besides C2 products, H2 is also produced in NOCM process. However, the effect of the photogenerative carriers on the yield and selectivity of photocatalytic NOCM products is still unclear. We tested Au1-ZnO/TiO2 synthesized by NaBH4 reduction and photodeposition in a flowing gas reactor at atmospheric pressure without external heat source. The Au1-ZnO/TiO2-N sample showed a superior C2H6 yield of 0.015 mmol/h accompanied by a small amount of H2 production (1.32 μmol/h). Meanwhile, Au1-ZnO/TiO2-p120 sample shows much higher H2 yield (0.012 mmol/h) and a lower C2H6 yield (4.96 μmol/h). Through varies characterizations, we demonstrated that the selectivity of C2H6 and H2 are highly related to photogenerative carriers. We propose that defects affect the degree of peroxidation in photocatalytic NOCM by controlling the concentration of photogenerated holes.

Diversification of Surimi-based Processed Products (Fish Meatballs) With the Addition of Madidihang Fish Bone Meal

Introduction: Natural resources in North Maluku, especially in the field of fisheries, are very abundant, therefore reliable human resource support is needed to manage them, besides that skills and technology are needed to manage these resources. Resource management requires the following strategies: (a) to intervene in the market so that fish prices remain stable in North Maluku Province; (b) to ensure continuous and sustainable availability of raw materials, a strong and resilient trading system (logistics) is needed by establishing a fisheries logistics system equipped with a fish stocking center (stocking area); (c) intervention is needed in the form of a local government policy commitment to stabilize fish prices in traditional markets; (d) expanding processed products.&#x0D; Research Purposes: This study was to produce surimi and then process it into fishball products and then carry out organoleptic tests including appearance, smell, taste and texture. The development of value-added processed products through the development of a modern processing industry that is competitive with the development of high value-added products that already have a market, for example breaded products, needs to be carried out to meet the ever-increasing consumer needs.&#x0D; Methodology: The method used in this study is to use experimental methods on a scale lab, by taking advantage of the waste of the madidihang fish bone while the goal to be achieved in this study is to produce the flour surimi of the madidihang bone with concentration (a1, a2, a3, a4 and a5) the surimi are then used for product production (fish balls). &#x0D; Results: The results obtained in this study were to produce surimi from yellowfin meat of good quality, this was indicated when it was used for making fish balls which had very good gel strength. Another thing that resulted from this study was that the organoleptic tests including appearance, smell, taste and texture had very good values. Although the best treatment was A5 with a concentration of 3.2% yellowfin bone meal.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study indicated that fish meatballs treated with fish bone meal A5 had the highest average value for all attributes including (appearance, smell, taste and texture) and the lowest score was in treatment A1.