Hierarchical Form Research Articles

Research on Diltheys Hermeneutics of Life

Dilthey propounds human sciences in his critique of traditional metaphysics and natural sciences. The hermeneutics of life, the essential approach in the inquiry of human sciences, focuses on human life to construct the interrelations among lived experience, understanding, and expression. The idea that life is an organism is introduced based on the connection between the individual life and the universal life of general human beings. There are three hierarchical forms of manifestation of life: concepts, judgments, and larger thought-formations, actions, and the expression of lived experience. There is a proximity between the expression of lived experience and the nature of life, of which the expression of lived experience is the most significant manifestation of life in the human sciences. Lived experience has an immediacy that delivers direct and immediate access to reality, whereas understanding is indirect and requires further mediation. Understanding has two forms: the elementary and the higher. Based on the hermeneutics of life, Diltheys human sciences can be approached as a reply to the contemporary cultural crisis.

NiCu-exchanged hierarchical Y and ZSM5 zeolites for the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol

Two hierarchical Y and ZSM5 zeolites were prepared with a surfactant-mediated desilication method. Both the conventional and hierarchical forms were used to prepare NiCu-zeolites via the ion-exchange method. All samples were characterised using different techniques. For the hierarchical materials, N2 physisorption and TEM analyses confirmed the appearance of mesoporosity. Transition metal-containing zeolites were used as novel electrocatalysts for the glycerol electrochemical oxidation reaction (GEOR) in the form of modified electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the surface properties of the modified electrodes and their activity toward GEOR at different pH provided by different supporting electrolyte solutions, indicating alkaline conditions as the most promising ones. The hierarchical forms showed a remarkable higher activity compared to the conventional ones, together with appreciable yields towards partially oxidized products of industrial interest. Noteworthy, a stable current higher than 10 mA was generated, which is interesting to produce H2 by coupling GEOR and hydrogen evolution reaction.

Too little or too much transparency? Influencing accountability in project management through the practices of using digital technologies

Managing projects increasingly involves digital technologies, yet it remains unclear how project participants use digital technologies for accountability. Based on data from a qualitative field study in a software consultancy organization, this article examines how accountability is shaped by project teams’ use of digital project management tools. The findings reveal that project teams actualize visibility and association affordances to configure accountability and reinforce shared accountability in client relationships. However, they are constrained by persistence affordance, which requires consistent and aligned digital transparency. This study demonstrates that the impacts of digital technologies on project accountability emerge from the actualization of affordances in specific technology practices, co-determined by the technology materiality and the accountability goals of project participants. Through visibility and association affordances, digital technologies can reinforce both hierarchical and socializing forms of accountability. However, this requires project participants to form a consensus on technology usage, binding them to each other's digital practices.

Comprehensive Chassis Control Strategy Based on Coordination of Traction/Braking Distribution and Active Roll Control

A coordinated control of front/rear traction, four-wheel independent braking, and an active roll control system is proposed in this paper to improve overall vehicle cornering performance. The control algorithm is structured in a hierarchical form: the supervisory controller is used to calculate the desired yaw rate and roll angle based on the driver input and vehicle states; the upper-level controller is utilized to decide the target longitudinal tire forces, yaw moment, and anti-roll moment based on the sliding mode control method; and the control allocator is used to optimally map the virtual control input to the control commands of specific actuators. Co-simulations of MATLAB/Simulink and CarSim were conducted to verify the performance enhancement of the proposed controller. The results suggest that the proposed controller can effectively enhance the driving performance in limit cornering while maintaining lateral stability, and it reduces tire usage, as indicated by the index of tire dissipation energy when compared to control methods such as AWD, AWD-ESC, and ICC.

Achieving Excellent Strength–Ductility Synergy by Tailoring the Grain Size Distribution in a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel

Ultrafine/fine‐grained austenitic stainless steel (ASS) is prepared through severe cold rolling (CR) and subsequent annealing. The microstructure evolution and tensile deformation behavior is investigated, focusing on the influence of grain size distribution on the mechanical properties and strain‐hardening behavior of the ASS. In the results, it is revealed that obvious ultrafine/fine‐grained hierarchical microstructure forms after annealing at 650 °C for 80 and 110 min, respectively. And, the CR‐80 sample with more ultrafine grains (UFGs) (86%) exhibits good combination of strength and ductility. The yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength, and total elongation are 954 MPa, 1030 MPa, and 43.4%, respectively. The high YS mainly originates from the retained martensite and grain refinement strengthening, while the ductility enhancement can be attributed to the postponed transformation‐induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, which is a consequence of the significant number fraction of UFGs in the hierarchical microstructure. In this study, a new strategy is provided to solve the strength–ductility tradeoff in TRIP‐assisted metallic materials by tailoring the grain size distribution.

Childhood: The Paradoxes of Autonomy

The article problematizes the possibility of developing agency in childhood. It is shown that the usually non-differentiable constructs "agency" and "autonomy" psychologically represent fundamentally different actions. The basis for their distinction is the nature of the individual's interaction with the social structure. Autonomy is an integration into an existing structure, the acquisition of skills for independent functioning in it. Agency, on the other hand, involves the transformation of the structure and "crossing the border of semantic fields," according to Yu.M. Lotman. There have been several important "turns" in childhood research over the past decades. Initially, childhood was considered as a preparation for adulthood, which was implemented in fundamentally hierarchical forms of education. Since about the 1970s, children have been talked about as potential actors in the social world. And since the beginning of the XXI century, the discussion of independence (autonomy) has been gaining momentum, as part of which they distinguish the ability to act independently of others and act in accordance with their goals and beliefs. The authors distinguish agency as overcoming the boundaries characterizing the structure, and autonomy as actions within the initially defined boundaries. They consider productive action (event) to be the mechanism of agency as a situation—changing action, and as a way of "learning" agency - a trial, including a game. Examples of statements by teenagers and young people that can be qualified as specific to agency, independence and volitional action are given.

Perancangan Sistem Pandukung Keputusan Pemilihan Perguruan Tinggi Swasta Di Kota Semarang Dengan Metode AHP Untuk Siswa SMK Bina Negara Gubug

The selection of universities has a very important role, at the end of school one of the problems often faced by students is determining where to continue the next level of education, including high school students, they find it difficult to determine which colleges and fields of study they will be capable of. Universities including private universities in the city of Semarang are increasingly making it difficult for students to determine private universities according to their criteria considering the difficulty of selection to enter public universities, in terms of quality or accreditation from these private universities, tuition fees, campus location close to boarding houses, places to eat, markets and a safe and conducive environment that supports them throughout their lives to study, distances that are easily accessible by private vehicles or public transportation, even the facilities obtained on campus are in accordance with the costs incurred or not, there are There are several criteria that are considered when choosing a private university.AHP is a decision support model developed by Thomas L. Saaty. This decision support model will describe a multi-factor problem or complex criteria into a hierarchical form. The AHP method is precise and systematic in the decision-making process according to the criteria set by Kopertis 6 based on data analysis. The research method used is R&D. Research and Development method is research that is used to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of these products. In this study the authors built a decision support system using the AHP method using 5 criteria (Cost, Facilities, Mileage, Quality, Location

Occurrence, distribution, sourceapportionment, ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in water, sediment, fish and prawn from Ojo River inLagos, Nigeria.

The study investigates the occurrence and bioaccumulationof heavy metals in water, sediment,fish, and prawn from the Ojo River with a view to identify the source of origin and the associated ecological and human health risks. The result shows that heavy metal concentrations in water [As = 0.010, Cd = 0.001, Cr = 0.041, Cu = 0.019, Co = 0.050, Fe = 0.099, Pb = 0.006, Ni = 0.003, and Zn = 0.452(mg/L)]were within theacceptable limits. The heavy metals in the sediment [As = 0.050, Cd = 0.287, Cr = 0.509, Cu = 0.207, Co = 0.086, Fe = 33.093, Pb = 0.548, Ni = 0.153 and Zn = 4.249 (mg/kg)]were within their respective background levels orearth's crust and theTEL and PEL standardlimits. The bioaccumulation ofheavy metals in fish and prawntissues are in this hierarchical form: Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Co > Pb > Ar > Cd and Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Ar > Ni > Co > Cd, respectively. The bioaccumulation factors of heavy metals in fishranged from 0.893 - 16.611 and 1.056 - 49.204 in prawn, which were higher than the biota-sedimentation factors (BSAF) values, inferring that the fish and prawns of this study ingested heavy metals highly from watercolumn. The aggregated BSAF scores (fish = 5.584 and prawn = 9.137) showed that these organisms are good concentrators of heavy metals in sediments. The water quality index and other pollution indices (Singlepollutionindex, Heavymetal assessment index, and Heavy metalpollutionindex) demonstrates slightlycleanwater, with a moderate level of contamination. The HI values of heavy metals in water, fish, and prawn were lower than 1, implying non-carcinogenic risk in children or adults. The ADD and EDI values of the metals were within their respective oral reference doses (RfD). The TCR values showed that exposure to water, either by ingestion or dermal absorption and the consumption of P. obscura and M. vollenhovenii from the Ojo River would not induce cancer risks in people, though As, Cr, Cd, and Pb showed carcinogenic potentials. The sediment contamination indices such as CF, mCd, EF, and Igeo showed a moderate level of pollution. The ecological risk values (NMPI, mCd = 0.068, PLI = 0.016, and R.I = 86.651) of heavy metals implies "no-moderate risk" except for Cd, which showed high risk. The ecotoxicologicalparameters, m-PEL-Q (0.024) and m-ERM-Q (0.016) denotes low contamination and no probability of acute toxicity. The CV analysis showed high dispersions and variabilities in the distributions of the heavy metals in water. Other source analyses (Pearson's correlation matrix, PCA, and HCA) showed that both natural processes and anthropogenic activities are responsible for the occurrence of heavy metals in water and sediment from the Ojo River.

Neural correlates underlying local and global processing during visual search across adulthood.

Visual processing relies on the identification of both local and global features of visual stimuli. While well investigated at the behavioral level, the underlying brain mechanisms are less clear, especially in the context of aging. Using fMRI, we aimed to investigate the neural correlates underlying local and global processing in early and late adulthood. We recruited 77 healthy adults aged 19-77 who completed a visual search task based on 2-level hierarchical stimuli made of squares and/or circles. Participants were instructed to detect a target (a square) at either a local (small) or global (large) level of a hierarchical geometrical form, in the presence or absence of other hierarchical geometrical forms (distractors). At the behavioral level, we revealed high accuracy for all participants, but older participants were slower to detect local targets, specifically in presence of distractors. At the brain level, while both local and global processing were associated with occipital activation, local processing also recruited the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, that are core regions of the salience network. However, while the presence of distractors in the local condition elicited specifically stronger activation within the right anterior insula for the young group, it was not observed for older participants. In addition, older participants showed less activation than younger participants in the occipital cortex, especially for the most complex conditions. Our findings suggest that the brain correlates underlying local and global processing change with aging, especially for complex visual patterns. These results are discussed in terms of top-down reduction effects from the salience network on primary visual areas, that may lead to specific difficulties to process local visual details in older adults.

Enhanced cooperation increases the capacity for conflict.

Enhanced cooperation increases the capacity for humans to engage in large-scale warfare. This ability provides the foundation for male coalitionary behavior, leaving open the question of whether cooperation evolved in the same way, or for the same purpose, in females. Such coalitionary behavior entrains hierarchical forms of leadership that remain inherently unstable, providing a spark for conflict to emerge.

국가교육위원회의 거버넌스적 재조명과 국민참여 활성화 방안 탐색

This study explores strategies for the National Education Commission to function as a cooperative educational governance for expanded citizen participation. The governance model is divided into structural (involving a National Participation Committee at the central level and a regional educational governance at the local level) and process-oriented (involving a Public Deliberation Committee and a social consultation model). Analyzing the models, the study focuses on the degree of hierarchical organization and organizational organization of understanding groups. The National Participation Committee exhibits cooperative governance with low organizational organization of understanding groups, requiring consideration of advisory body limitations and ways to incorporate field voices. Regional educational governance shows a hierarchical form, necessitating attention to network configuration to avoid operation by compromise rather than stakeholder participation. Both the Public Deliberation Committee and the social consultation model have cooperative governance, but differences in organizational organization and hierarchical structure suggest the need for specialized mechanisms based on issue characteristics. Overall, the study suggests improvements for each model to optimize citizen participation and cooperation in educational governance.

Improving the Diagnosis of Arrhythmia using a Combination of Neural Networks in a Hierarchical Way

Introduction: Heart diseases are one of the most common types of diseases, which cause the death of many people. Arrhythmias are an irregular heartbeat that causes the heart to beat abnormally fast (tachycardia) or slow (bradycardia). Therefore, the identification and classification of cardiac arrhythmias using ECG signals is of great importance. This research aimed to provide a data mining -based model to improve the diagnosis of previous arrhythmia. Method: In this descriptive -analytical study, the UCI reference dataset, which consists of 452 samples with 279 features, was used. The samples were categorized into five classes for the detection and identification of different types of cardiac arrhythmias. The algorithm employed in this research is a combination of hierarchical neural networks (expert system combination). Results: In all networks, 70% of the samples were used for training, while the remaining 30% were used for testing. After modeling and comparing the generated models and recording the results, the prediction accuracy for cardiac arrhythmia in the absence of combination learning reached 89.5%, and it increased to 93.5% after employing the hierarchical expert combination approach. Conclusion: The results of this research show that the proposed method based on the combination of neural networks in a hierarchical form, which leads to the specialization of the task of each class, can have better performance compared to similar models in diagnosing cardiac arrhythmia.

Developed Clustering Algorithms for Engineering Applications: A Review

Clustering algorithms play a pivotal role in the field of engineering, offering valuable insights into complex datasets. This review paper explores the landscape of developed clustering algorithms with a focus on their applications in engineering. The introduction provides context for the significance of clustering algorithms, setting the stage for an in-depth exploration. The overview section delineates fundamental clustering concepts and elucidates the workings of these algorithms. Categorization of clustering algorithms into partitional, hierarchical, and density-based forms lay the groundwork for a comprehensive discussion. The core of the paper delves into an extensive review of clustering algorithms tailored for engineering applications. Each algorithm is scrutinized in dedicated subsections, unraveling their specific contributions, applications, and advantages. A comparative analysis assesses the performance of these algorithms, delineating their strengths and limitations. Trends and advancements in the realm of clustering algorithms for engineering applications are thoroughly examined. The review concludes with a reflection on the challenges faced by existing clustering algorithms and proposes avenues for future research. This paper aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners, guiding them in the selection and application of clustering algorithms for diverse engineering scenarios.

A novel robust multivariate Laplace distribution-based distributed consensus information fusion

The multivariate Laplace distribution (MLD) possesses a lesser set of prior parameters compared to the Student’s t-distribution, thus simplifying the modeling of measurement data subject to heavy-tailed noise corruption. This short communication introduces a novel distributed hybrid consensus fusion algorithm utilizing the MLD modeling and variational Bayesian approach. Firstly, we formulate the measurement noise associated with individual sensor nodes and introduce the hierarchical Gaussian form of MLD to enhance the feasibility of variational inference. Secondly, we opt for the inverse-Wishart (IW) distribution to serve as the conjugate prior to the positive definite matrix, enabling adaptive parameter learning within the MLD context. As a result, a novel hierarchical Gaussian state–space model (SSM) is established for multi-sensors network. Subsequently, we derive a novel local information filter to acquire higher precision information and innovation vector–matrix pairs, outperforming the Student’s t distribution-based filter. These derivations are grounded in the new hierarchical SSM, and the vector–matrix pairs aid in information fusion across the network. Lastly, we present a distributed robust consensus filter for fusing local information using a hybrid consensus approach that devoid of a central fusion node. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed consensus filter can obtain better estimation accuracy under the interference of heavy-tailed measurement outliers.

The philosophy of the hierarchical form through ancient civilizations around the world

The philosophy of the hierarchical form through ancient civilizations around the world

Representasi Peran dan Relasi Gender dalam Kumpulan Bahan Bacaan Literasi Jenjang SMP

<p><strong>In recent years, the</strong><strong> Indonesian</strong><strong> Ministry of Education and Culture has provided a series of reading materials for young readers with segmentation ranging from PAUD to SMA. This procurement is special because this reading material is disseminated on a national scale to improve the literacy skills of the younger generation within the framework of the National Literacy Movement (GLN). This research aims to describe gender roles and relations in this collection of reading materials. This research data is a collection of junior high school level literacy reading materials published in 2016. The data was analyzed using content analysis methods through the stages of categorization, tabulation, interpretation and inference using a feminist literary criticism approach. The results of this research show that the collection of literacy reading materials at junior high school level shows alignment with patriarchal ideology. There is a reproduction of traditional gender roles, which presents a framework of women's domestication, and a depiction of men's roles attached to the public sector. Apart from that, it seems that the depiction of agency polarization is dominant in male characters compared to female characters. The depiction of gender relations in this collection of reading materials generally shows a hierarchical form of relationship, which emphasizes the superiority of male characters. Thus, this collection of reading materials shows that there is no balance that leads to gender equality. This is important to do because this reading material becomes intake for teenagers in forming teenagers' attitudes and perceptions about gender behavior.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> - <em>F</em><em>eminist </em><em>L</em><em>iterary </em><em>C</em><em>riticism</em><em>, </em><em>Gender role, </em><em>G</em><em>ender </em><em>R</em><em>elation, </em><em>L</em><em>iteracy</em></p>

Examining the Linkages of Technology Adoption Enablers in Context of Dairy Farming Using ISM-MICMAC Approach

In the context of agribusiness, technology and innovation have led to major transformations in many countries. Precision dairy farming technologies enable cost optimization, quality control, waste reduction, achieving economies of scale, efficiency in dairy resource utilization, improvement in productivity, standardized processes, enhanced decision support system and overall farm management. Despite being an overall production-wise rich country, India’s dairy sector lacks in terms of yield per cattle, overall dairy farm output, effective herd management and lack of effective technology acceptance and implementation. With the help of NGT based outcome, this research is an attempt to showcase the enablers of technology adoption in dairy farming and how these enablers interact with each other in a hierarchical form using ISM methodology. Experience in the dairy business, competitive pressure and digital literacy were found as the most crucial and driving enablers. However, agreeableness and managerial interest were found as the most dependent enablers of technology adoption. The interpretations drawn from the model can help the decision makers, policy makers and farmers not only in India but can serve as the base for other nations dependent upon agriculture to understand the inter dependency among enablers and suggestions to plan and channel technology adoption by focusing upon critical ones.

Robust Kalman Filter for Systems With Colored Heavy-Tailed Process and Measurement Noises

In this paper, we consider the robust state estimation for a linear system with colored heavy-tailed process and measurement noises. We employ the state augmentation and measurement differencing methods to whiten the colored noise and use the Student’s t distribution to model the heavy-tailed property, which makes a new state space model with the augmented state vector. The posterior estimation of the system state, inaccurate scale matrices, and auxiliary parameters are jointly inferred with the variational Bayes method by constructing the hierarchical Gaussian forms of the prediction and likelihood probability density functions and selecting the proper prior distributions of the scale matrices and auxiliary parameters. A typical target tracking simulation is given to confirm the performance of the proposed robust Kalman filter.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pembelian Mobil Dengan Metode AHP Pada Bintang Motor Muara Bungo

The high enthusiasm and interest of the public to own a private car provides a great opportunity for showroom business actors to improve service and sales. The absence of a system that can help provide recommendations to consumers makes it difficult for ordinary people to determine car purchases. In buying a car, consumers do not have a clear standard because there are so many aspects that are taken into consideration when making a purchase. This study aims to help consumers in choosing a car. With a decision support system, it is hoped that it can provide solutions to assist consumers in gett the appropriate car recommendations. The AHP method is a method whose main input is human perception so that the results of this method are close to desire, besides that the existence of a hierarchy allows solv complex or structured problems in sub-problems, and then compil them into a hierarchical form. A car purchase decision support system using the AHP method can help provide recommendations to consumers to make car buy decisions.

Anthropology of Water in Varzaneh, Iran

Water quality/quantity crises may make water a hazard source. This study investigates the coded meaning that water crisis causes, how water insecurity impacts mental and physical health, and ways of dealing with water scarcity. However, this cultural meaning contradicts community-level governmental decisions and the unequal water distribution of Iran’s Zayanderud River. Consequently, there is a water crisis in the small city of Varzaneh, and it induces undesired individual-level feelings, such as local concerns that cancer is associated with the deterioration of the Gavkhouni Wetland into which the Zayanderud drains. At the household level, water shortage problems are causing population emigration and/or adoption of different jobs and cropping styles. On a larger scale, public protests are responses to the deteriorating natural environment. Generally, the region’s hierarchical and sectarian social organizing forms contradict. In Varzaneh, the sectarian form views environmental hazards as a higher priority. As a hierarchical form, the government emphasizes foreign enemies and defines the water problems in Varzaneh as not being a top priority. The outcome is social tension over water supply at both small and large scales.