Heterosis For Yield Research Articles

Study on the heterosis for yield and yield contributing traits in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

The present investigation was undertaken with an objective to study the magnitude of heterosis involved in 32 hybrids obtained by crossing four (female) x eight (male) genotypes in L x T fashion along with their 12 parents and two standard checks (JLT-408 and PRACHI) evaluated during summer, 2019-20 at Oilseeds Research Station, Latur. Data were recorded on yield and its different contributing traits. The analysis of variance for experimental design revealed significance differences among the parents, hybrids and parents vs hybrids for most of the characters indicated the presence of genetic variability among the experimental material. The crosses viz., SWETHA x V-25, V-34 x TBS-12, V-32 x TBS-7, SWETHA x R-26 and SWETHA x TBS-12 found with high heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis over check JLT-408 and PRACHI for seed yield along with other yield contributing traits. Significant heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for seed yield were observed for the majority of yield and yield attributing traits. Selection of high heterotic hybrids with high per se performance would be reliable in the improvement of sesame. Keywords: Sesame, heterosis, heterobeltosis, standard heterosis

Genetic analysis in eggplant (Solanum melongena) hybrids for high‐rainfall areas utilizing diverse germplasm with respect to fruit shape and colour

AbstractIn the present study, 20 F1 cross combinations developed through diallel mating design utilizing five diverse parents, namely, Res‐1, Res‐2, Hisar Shyamal, Arka Nidhi, and Arka Keshav, with respect to shape and colour of the fruits were evaluated to derive information on combining ability and heterosis for yield and yield contributing traits in eggplant. Parents Res‐2, Hisar Shyamal, and Arka Nidhi were recognized as good general combiners for most of the horticultural traits. Cross combinations, namely, Res‐2 × Arka Nidhi, Hisar Shyamal × Res‐1, and Arka Nidhi × Hisar Shyamal, recorded high SCA values for fruit yield and related traits. Cross combinations Res‐2 × Arka Nidhi, Arka Nidhi × Hisar Shyamal, Hisar Shyamal × Res‐1, and Res‐2 × Res‐1 were found to be superior based on estimates of heterosis for fruit yield. Heterosis was positively correlated with SCA, the sum of the parental GCA indicating more effective predictions of the performance of various cross combinations. These unique cross combinations, Res‐2 × Res‐1 (medium–long shape and mixed colour), Res‐2 × Arka Nidhi (long and purple), Hisar Shyamal × Res‐1 (round and purple), and Arka Nidhi × Hisar Shyamal (oblong and purple), were found to be superior based on specific combining ability and heterosis for most of the horticultural traits. Therefore, these can be utilized for fixing genes in subsequent generations to increase the chance of recovering desirable transgressive segregants with improved traits for high rainfall areas in eggplant for better economic returns.

Genetic Variance, Heterosis and Correlation for Yield and Fibre Quality in Four F1 Cotton Hybrids

The extent of phenotype and genotype variances, traits correlation and Principal components were investigated in F1 inter-varietal hybrid cotton. The F1 crosses were evaluated alongside their F2s, the eight involved parents and a single standard check. All the hybrids demonstrated positive and significant Relative Heterosis and Heterobeltiosis for sympodial branches and seed cotton yield per plant. Cross IV recorded the highest value for inbreeding depression of 61.7% in Seed cotton yield per plant. Days to first bursting recorded high heritability in narrow sense in IV while number of seeds per boll had same in Cross I. Cross I also recorded high genetic advance for Plant height, number of seeds per boll, seed cotton yield per plant, lint index, number of sympodia per plant and bundle strength, suggesting the effects of additive and dominant genes and absence of epistasis. Meanwhile, 87% of the accumulative variability was accounted for by the principal component 1, 2 and 3; the variability was mostly associated with plant height, seed cotton yield per plant, number of monopodia per plant, days to 50% flowering and bolls weight. The results revealed adequate genetic variability which can be exploited in a selection program for the traits. The positive and significant heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis exhibited in the F1 hybrids can be harnessed for commercial purposes after further evaluation.

Kırmızı biber [Capsicum annuum L. var. conoides (Mill.) Irish] hibritlerinde verim, toplam çözünebilir madde ve kuru madde yönünden heterosis, heterobeltiosis ve dominans etkisinin belirlenmesi

Aims: The aim of this study is to estimate heterosis, heterobeltiosis and dominance effect on yield, total soluble solid and dry matter of capia type red pepper.Methods and Results: In this study 11 capia type red pepper parents and 47 hybrids obtained from crosses of these parents were used as materials. Heterosis in fresh fruit yield ranged from -48.23 to 80.68. The highest heterosis were recorded for 209 YKB (80.68%), 239 YKB (60.35%), 225 YKB (56.97%) and 195 YKB (55.30%), respectively. Heterosis rates of F1 changed between -33.70 and 30.98 in terms of total soluble solid. The highest heterosis rates was found in 218 YKB. In terms of dry matter, highest heterosis rate was calculated as 66.67% in 195 YKB. As a result of the study, 39-H-2, 43-H-6 and 45-H-5 were determined as the best parents giving the highest heterosis rates in crosses.Conclusions: In this study, heterosis rates were highly positive direction in terms of all three characteristics. The use of heterosis can be indicated as a practical method to increase yield and other economic characteristics in peppers.Significance and Impact of the Study: These results can be used to determine the varieties that become prominent in terms of desired characteristics.

Filtering for SNPs with high selective constraint augments mid-parent heterosis predictions in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

To extend the contemporary understanding into the grain yield heterosis of wheat, the current study investigated the contribution of deleterious alleles in shaping mid-parent heterosis (MPH). These alleles occur at low frequency in the genome and are often missed by automated genotyping platforms like SNP arrays. The deleterious alleles herein were detected using a quantitative measurement of evolutionary conservation based on the phylogeny of wheat and investigations were made to: (1) assess the benefit of including deleterious alleles into MPH prediction models and (2) understand the genetic underpinnings of deleterious SNPs for grain yield MPH using contrasting crosses viz. elite × elite (Exp. 1) and elite × plant genetic resources (PGR; Exp. 2). In our study, we found a lower allele frequency of moderately deleterious alleles in elites compared to PGRs. This highlights the role of purifying selection for the development of elite wheat cultivars. It was shown that deleterious alleles are informative for MPH prediction models: modelling their additive-by-additive effects in Exp. 1 and dominance as well as associated digenic epistatic effects in Exp. 2 significantly boosts prediction accuracies of MPH. Furthermore, heterotic- quantitative trait loci’s underlying MPH was investigated and their properties were contrasted in the two crosses. Conclusively, it was proposed that incomplete dominance of deleterious alleles contributes to grain yield heterosis in elite crosses (Exp. 1).

Mid-parent and Better Parent Heterosis Study on Highland Quality Protein Maize Hybrids in Ethiopia

Determination of heterosis in maize hybrids is necessary for the identification of superior F1 hybrids for breeding programs. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the amount of mid parent (MPH) and better parent heterosis (BPH) for grain yield, yield-related, agronomic, and morphological traits. Hybrid development from fixed inbred lines is one of the strategies for the improvement of maize production. The national average maize yield in Ethiopia is low and thus, selection of promising germplasm, knowledge of combining ability, and heterotic grouping are prerequisites to developing high-yielding maize varieties. Forty-two Quality Protein Maize (QPM) crosses (21 inbred lines each crossed with two testers) along with three popular standard hybrids were evaluated in two replications using alpha lattice during the 2017 cropping season at Ambo and, Arsi-Negele. Parental line trials consisting of 21 lines, two testers, and one conventional maize (CM) parent check (FS67) were established in two replications laid out using RCBD side by side with the hybrid trials at Ambo and Arsi-Negele. At Ambo, almost all crosses showed positive and significant BPH except three crosses (L1xT1, L4xT1, and L13xT1). The maximum BPH (276.2%) was obtained from L17xT2. Similarly, at Arsi-Negele, most of the crosses had positive and significant BPH except for five crosses for BPH which are showing negative heterosis. The highest BPH was obtained from L10xT2 at Arsi-Negele. Generally, the high yielding crosses had reasonable BPH. Based on the result promising crosses and lines were identified. Some of the crosses showed good performance in terms of heterosis against the mid parent and better parent: L17xT2 (329.88% MPH, 276.18% BPH), L3xT2(320.05% MPH, 273.91%BPH), and L19xT2(2802.57% MPH, 247.31% BPH) at Ambo, whereas at Arsi-Negele L10xT2 (128.38% MPH, 111.27%BPH) and L11xT2(115.33% MPH, 98.00% BPH) showed the higher heterosis compared with the mid parent and better parent. Crosses that showed best yield performance were: L8xT2, L7xT1, L8xT1, L19xT1, L6xT2, and L18xT1. These crosses should be reconsidered for further evaluation and possible release.

Epistasis Activation Contributes Substantially to Heterosis in Temperate by Tropical Maize Hybrids.

Epistasis strongly affects the performance of superior maize hybrids. In this study, a multiple-hybrid population, consisting of three hybrid maize sets with varied interparental divergence, was generated by crossing 28 temperate and 23 tropical inbred lines with diverse genetic backgrounds. We obtained 1,154 tested hybrids. Among these tested hybrids, heterosis increased steadily as the heterotic genetic distance increased. Mid-parent heterosis was significantly higher in the temperate by tropical hybrids than in the temperate by temperate hybrids. Genome-wide prediction and association mapping was performed for grain weight per plant (GWPP) and days to silking (DTS) using 20K high-quality SNPs, showing that epistatic effects played a more prominent role than dominance effects in temperate by tropical maize hybrids. A total of 33 and 420 epistatic QTL were identified for GWPP and DTS, respectively, in the temperate by tropical hybrids. Protein–protein interaction network and gene-set enrichment analyses showed that epistatic genes were involved in protein interactions, which play an important role in photosynthesis, biological transcription pathways, and protein synthesis. We showed that the interaction of many minor-effect genes in the hybrids could activate the transcription activators of epistatic genes, resulting in a cascade of amplified yield heterosis. The multiple-hybrid population design enhanced our understanding of heterosis in maize, providing an insight into the acceleration of hybrid maize breeding by activating epistatic effects.

Line x tester analysis for deducing heterosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

An experiment consisting of twelve genotypes (four lines and eight testers) along with their thirty-two crosseswas conducted in Line x Tester design to study the heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for grain yieldper plant and its component traits in rice at Main Rice Research Centre, Navsari. The result indicated that significant heterosis in a desirable direction was observed in all the characters except days to 50% flowering where none of the crosses showed significant heterobeltiosis in a negative direction for this trait. The best heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for grain yield per plant was exhibited by the cross NVSR-453 x NVSR-475 followed by Gurjari x NAUR-1 and NVSR-453 x NVSR-409

Elucidating combining ability, gene action and heterosis for yield and yield contributing traits in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn)

In order to explore the genetic architecture of finger millet through combining ability studies, the present investigation was carried out using 20 hybrids which were produced using five lines and four testers in a Line x Tester mating design. Among the parents, the line GPU 48 and the tester KMR 301 were found to be the good general combiners with significant per se for most of the traits studied. Hybrids viz., GPU 48 x KMR 301, GPU 48 x PR 1506, PYR1 x KMR 301 and Udurumallige x PR 1506 showed significant positive values for per se performance, sca effect, mid parent heterosis and better parent heterosis for grain yield per plant. The cross GPU 48 x KMR 301 derived from high x high general combining parents exhibited higher positive significant value for all the three types of heterosis for grain yield per plant. The hybrids GPU 48 x KMR 301, GPU 48 x PR 1506, PYR1 x KMR 301 and Udurumallige x PR 1506 were good specific combiners for yield and yield contributing traits. In all these crosses, at least one good general combining parent is involved which indicates that good general combiners serve as the best tool in enlightening the crop yield by manipulating the genetic architecture. Combining ability variances indicated that even if GCA and SCA variances were profound, SCA variances were higher than GCA variances for all the characters studied representing the predominance of non-additive type of gene action in the inheritance of traits under present study. Keywords: Finger millet, Combining ability. per se, GCA, SCA and Heterosis

Study of Heterosis and Genetic Parameters for Yield and its Components Traits in Hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa L.) using line x tester mating system

Study of Heterosis and Genetic Parameters for Yield and its Components Traits in Hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa L.) using line x tester mating system

Combining ability and heterosis studies in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for yield and fibre quality traits

Cotton is India’s most important cash crop and it is used for agricultural and industrial purposes for all over the world. The greatest way for identifying superior hybrids and best combiners of parents is by L×T design. For analyzing the combining ability and heterosis for various yield attributing variables as well as quality traits, the parents viz., four lines and four testers were crossed to produce sixteen hybrids. MCU5 × KC3 cross contributed to positive, highly significant heterosis for the traits viz., the number of sympodial branches, lint index and the number of bolls per plant, along with highly significant values of sca for the traits viz., the number of sympodial branches, seed cotton yield per plant and micronaire. CO14 × NDLH1938 had a highly significant sca effect for the trait of upper half mean length along with significant heterosis for the traits, viz., boll weight and seed cotton yield per plant. Therefore, MCU5 had the best gca value for the upper half mean length among the four lines. The KC3 tester had a high gca value, indicating that it contributes to additive genes among the four testers. For some traits, not all good combiners have good sca effects. In the majority of the qualities investigated, non-additive or dominant gene action was seen. Heterosis breeding can be used to exploit the amount of available vigour.  Keywords: Combining ability, G. hirsutum. L., intraspecific hybrids, heterosis, Cotton.

Combining ability and heterosis for yield contributing and fibre quality traits in the hybrids of Gossypium hirsutum L.

The present study was investigated in thirty five hybrids of Gossypium hirsutum L. for combining ability and heterosis for ten yield and fibre contributing traits. These hybrids were obtained by the crosses made between seven lines and five testers. None of the crosses was  superior for all the traits studied for the mean performance. The hybrid TCH 1199 × GTHV 323 showed the highest mid and better parent heterosis for the lint index and the hybrid TCH 1828 × RHC 1409 exhibited the highest significant mid and better parent heterosis for ginning outturn. The characters viz., boll weight and single cotton yield per plant were identified to have the highest significant mid and better parent values in the hybrid BSH 18 × RHC 1409. For yield contributing traits viz., the number of sympodial branches per plant and the number of bolls per plant out numbered in the hybrid CO 14 × KC 3 with the maximum standard heterosis among the thirty five hybrids. Combining ability analysis exhibits the dominance of non- additive gene action in all yield and fibre quality contributing traits. Among the lines CO 14 and TCH 1828 were estimated as the best combiners for yield and quality traits, respectively. Among the testers, KC 2 and KC 3 were found to be the best among all the five testers. The hybrid BSH 18× RHC 1409 exhibited the highest sca for the boll weight and seed cotton yield per plant and the hybrid BSH 18 × GISV 323 exhibited the highest sca for the quality traits viz., ginning out turn and upper half mean length; TCH 1828 × KC 3 and CO 14 × KC 2 best performed hybrids for sca values for the quality traits viz., elongation length and micronaire values. Keywords: Cotton, F1 hybrids, heterosis, combining ability.

COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROTIC STUDIES IN AROMATIC RICE THROUGH LINE BY TESTER ANALYSIS

Estimating combining ability helps to evaluate genotypes and determine the nature and degree of gene activities. This study aimed to identify the best parental genotypes and superior hybrids of aromatic rice using a line × tester mating design. Five CMS (cytoplasmic male sterility) lines and four testers of local and exotic origins of aromatic rice were studied in this experiment. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis revealed genetic variability among the studied CMS and restorer lines. The analysis of variance showed that parental lines, testers, and their line by testers populations had enough genetic variability. Five out of 20 hybrids found positive heterosis for grain yield, and the hybrid BRRI1A × BUdhan2R had the maximum heterosis. In terms of the agronomic traits evaluated, specific combining ability (SCA) effects were higher than general combining ability (GCA) effects. Genotypes IR58025A, BRRI1A, and BUdhan2R were identified as superior parents based on their performances for yield traits and GCA effects in the desired direction. IR58025A × BUdhan2R and BRRI1A × BUdhan2R were chosen as promising genotypes due to their highest grain yield, heterosis, and desirable SCA. Low ratios of σ2gca/σ2sca and (σ2D/σ2A)1/2, and low to high estimations of narrow-sense heritability indicated that both additive and non-additive gene effects predominated in the inheritance of the studied traits. Pearson's correlation showed that among the 10 studied traits, grain yield plant-1 was highly significant and positively correlated with flag leaf area, spikelet fertility (%), and filled grains panicle-1, as well as, significant and negatively correlated with days to flowering and days to maturity. Superior parental genotypes and hybrids that have been identified can be employed as donor parents to improve the grain yield in aromatic rice.

Transcriptome profiling of two super hybrid rice provides insights into the genetic basis of heterosis

BackgroundHeterosis is a phenomenon that hybrids show superior performance over their parents. The successful utilization of heterosis has greatly improved rice productivity, but the molecular basis of heterosis remains largely unclear.ResultsHere, the transcriptomes of young panicles and leaves of the two widely grown two-line super hybrid rice varieties (Jing-Liang-You-Hua-Zhan (JLYHZ) and Long-Liang-You-Hua-Zhan (LLYHZ)) and their parents were analyzed by RNA-seq. Transcriptome profiling of the hybrids revealed 1,778 ~ 9,404 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in two tissues, which were identified by comparing with their parents. GO, and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the pathways significantly enriched in both tissues of two hybrids were all related to yield and resistance, like circadian rhythm (GO:0,007,623), response to water deprivation (GO:0,009,414), and photosynthetic genes (osa00196). Allele-specific expression genes (ASEGs) were also identified in hybrids. The ASEGs were most significantly enriched in ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway, which was hypothesized to be potential amino acid sensors in plants. Moreover, the ASEGs were also differentially expressed between parents. The number of variations in ASEGs is higher than expected, especially for large effect variations. The DEGs and ASEGs are the potential reasons for the formation of heterosis in the two elite super hybrid rice.ConclusionsOur results provide a comprehensive understanding of the heterosis of two-line super hybrid rice and facilitate the exploitation of heterosis in hybrid rice breeding with high yield heterosis.

Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Morpho-Physiological and Agronomic Performances of a Tomato Diversity Panel in Relation to Nitrogen and Water Stress Under Organic Farming.

The agricultural scenario of the upcoming decades will face major challenges for the increased and sustainable agricultural production and the optimization of the efficiency of water and fertilizer inputs. Considering the current and foreseen water scarcity in several marginal and arid areas and the need for a more sustainable farming production, the selection and development of cultivars suitable to grow under low-input conditions is an urgent need. In this study, we assayed 42 tomato genotypes for thirty-two morpho-physiological and agronomic traits related to plant, fruit, and root characteristics under standard (control) and no-nitrogen fertilization or water deficit (30% of the amount given to non-stressed trials) treatments in two sites (environments), which corresponded to organic farms located in Italy and Spain. A broad range of variation was found for all traits, with significant differences between the applied treatments and the cultivation sites. Dissection of genotypic (G), environmental (E), and treatment (T) factors revealed that the three main factors were highly significant for many traits, although G was the main source of variation in most cases. G × E interactions were also important, while G × T and E × T were less relevant. Only fruit weight and blossom end rot were highly significant for the triple interaction (G × E × T). Reduction of water supply significantly increased the soluble solid content in both locations, whereas both nitrogen and water stress led to a general decrease in fruit weight and total yield. Despite so, several accessions exhibited better performances than the control when cultivated under stress. Among the accessions evaluated, hybrids were promising in terms of yield performance, while overall landraces and heirlooms exhibited a better quality. This suggests the possibility of exploiting both the variation within ancient varieties and the heterosis for yield of hybrids to select and breed new varieties with better adaptation to organic farming conditions, both under optimal and suboptimal conditions. The results shed light on the strategies to develop novel varieties for organic farming, giving hints into the management of inputs to adopt for a more sustainable tomato cultivation.

Genetic Analysis and Heterosis Studies in 5×5 Diallel Crosses of Maize under the Meteorological Conditions of Rawalakot

This experiment was performed to evaluate heterosis and combining ability of morphological traits in maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Twenty maize hybrids were obtained by 5×5 complete diallel crosses in first year and were evaluated for plant attributes like plant height, ear height, ear leaf area, flag leaf area, days to 50% silking, days to 50% pollen shed, anthesis-silking interval (ASI), no. of leaves per plant, no. of branches per tassel, no. of kernel rows per ear and kernels per row, 1000-kernel weight, shelling percentage, grain plus biological yield per plant and harvest index in second year. Among the crosses NCEV-4 × NCEV-3 (462.70g) showed maximum 1000-kernel weight, followed by NCEV-3 × EV-70040 (451.33g), while highest grain yield per plant was recorded for NCEV-4 × NCEV-3 (152.97g), followed by NCEV-3 × EV-70040 (145.10g). Maximum and highly significant heterosis and heterobeltiosis was found in cross NCEV-1530-11 × HNG (70.49 and 67.54), followed by HNG × EV-70040 (65.57 and 56.39) and HNG × NCEV-1530-11 (64.14 and 61.3), rest of the crosses also showed positive and highly significant heterosis and heterobeltiosis for grain yield per plant. Among the parents NCEV-3 has best GCA for grain yield (4.30) while cross NCEV-3 × NCEV-4 has best SCA for grain yield per plant (18.10) and could be used in hybridization for yield improvement.

Role of heterosis for photosynthetic traits and sink organs in seed yield enhancement in safflower

Abstract Genetic basis of heterosis has been exploited for yield improvement in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) but little is known about physiological basis of heterosis for yield. The objective of this study was to quantify the physiological basis of heterosis for seed yield in safflower by examining 19 safflower hybrids and their parents for photosynthetic traits, and yield and its components. The results showed that heterosis for yield and its components was high and positive but was low and negative for photosynthetic traits in most of the hybrids studied. There were weak and non-significant relations between photosynthetic traits and yield and its components. Hybrids were more efficient in translocating photoassimilates to two major sink organs viz., number of seeds and number of capitula despite having low net photosynthesis than parents. Seed yield increase in safflower is more sink-than source-limited and was necessary through heterosis for sink organs. Heterosis breeding for larger sink size with parallel increase in effectiveness of sink organs in translocation of photo-assimilates is suggested for yield improvement in safflower.

ESTIMATE OF HETEROSIS AND HETEROBELTIOSIS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF YIELD IN UPLAND COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)

The enhancing seed cotton yield per acre of the crop is a prime concern of breeding programmes. To achieve high degree of heterotic response, it is essential to have knowledge about performance of desirable parents . Therefore, research was undertaken to assess the expression of heterotic effects in cross combination of upland cotton in F1 crosses. The research work was carried out using six cross combinations sown under field condition during 2018 at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tandojam experimental farm. The crosses were obtained by the combinations of four genotypes in half diallel method. The trial was conducted in a three replications with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Observations were made for plant height (cm), sympodial branches plant-1, number of bolls plant-1 , weight boll (g) and yield of plant-1 (g). Results showed that crosses exhibited significant cross vigour while compared with mid and better parents. The crosses Sadori × CRIS-342 and Sadori × NIA-Noori displayed significant heterotic effects for characters under studied. For development of hybrid in cotton, cross combinations of these parents Sadori × CRIS-342 and Sadori × NIA-Noori will give highest heterosis for yield of plant-1, bolls plant-1 and weight of bolls. Therefore, the above F1 transgressive and heterotic hybrids can be exploited to create genetic variability followed by selection of high yielding in cotton genotypes to establish strains with superior and improved characteristics in segregating filial generations.

Estimation and utilization of heterosis and heterobeltosis for yield and yield contributing traits in tossa jute hybrids (F1) derived from diverse germplasms

Estimation and utilization of heterosis and heterobeltosis for yield and yield contributing traits in tossa jute hybrids (F1) derived from diverse germplasms

Selection for high yield and quality in half-diallel bread wheat F2 populations (Triticum aestivum L.) through heterosis and combining ability analysis

The study was carried out to evaluate the combining ability and heterosis of seven parents and their 21 half-diallel F2 populations for yield and quality traits during the 2013-14 season in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes, GCA (general combining ability) and SCA (specific combining ability) effects for all traits, except spike length. The best combiner parents were identified as Esperia and Pehlivan for grain yield, and Flamura85, Aldane and Selimiye for quality traits because of significant GCA and per se performance. The ranges of best parent heterosis were -12.71 to 8.23% for plant height, -15.46 to 8.36% for spike length, -16.62 to 24.80% for number of grains per spike, -23.61 to 36.50% for grain weight per spike, -17.13 to 8.84% for harvest index and -44.26 to 15.83 for grain yield, -17.61 to 8.38% for thousand grain weight, -18.55 to 8.44% for wet gluten content, -33.80 to 24.78% for gluten index, -20.24 to 15.23% for Zeleny sedimentation value, -15.58 to 10.00% for quality index and -8.96 to 6.87 for grain protein content. The three (Slm/Phl, F85/Slm and F85/Esp) and seven (F85/Phl, Sb/Fs, Fs/Slm, Esp/Slm, Fs/Phl, Esp/Sb and Sb/Slm) of F2 populations are offered a good opportunity in base material for selection of potential because of significant SCA effects and best parent heterosis for grain yield and quality traits respectively.