Hermeneutics Research Articles

Menelusuri Pemahaman Patriarki Dalam Tafsir Q.S. An-Nisa:34 dan Impikasinya Terhadap Tren Penurunan Pernikahan di Indonesia

This study explores the understanding of patriarchy in the interpretation of Q.S. An-Nisa:34 and examines its implications for the declining marriage trend in Indonesia. The interpretation of Q.S. An-Nisa:34 is often seen as supporting patriarchal values, which significantly impact social structures and gender perceptions. With social changes, Indonesia has experienced a decline in marriage trends, which may be influenced by more egalitarian religious interpretations. This study aims to understand how the verse is interpreted in society and how this understanding contributes to the declining marriage trend This research uses a qualitative approach with the maudhu'i method and a little touch of hermeneutics. It interprets Q.S an-Nisa':34 by putting forward the views of the mufassir. The findings show that the interpretation of Q.S. An-Nisa:34 is understood as a basis in the household where men are qawwam (leaders or protectors). This means that there is a big task that men must do, namely providing for their wives and children. If the task of earning a living is not done, then the nature of leadership is lost. The misunderstanding of Q.S. An-Nisa:34 contributes to the changing perception of marriage, which in turn affects marriage trends in Indonesia.

The Sustainability Of The "Refuse Of Bal" Ceremony In The Nagari Mandeh Tarusan Fisherman Community, Pesisir Selatan District (Perspectiveclifford Geertz's Symbolic Interpretative)

This research is motivated by the implementation of the tradition of rejecting reinforcements in the Nagari Mandeh community which is still ongoing in the modern era. In addition, the people of Nagari Mandeh also believe that the empty chart is caused by the many "ubili" or evil spirits that come to the Nagari Mandeh area so that the implementation of the ceremony of rejecting reinforcements is the only (preventive) solution so that the catastrophe that occurs in their area can go away. The purpose of this study is to reveal the factors that influence the ceremony of rejecting reinforcements in the fishing community of Nagari Mandeh Tarusan, Pesisir Selatan Regency. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with data collection methods in this study carried out by non-participant observation. Data were collected by observation, interview and document study techniques.In analyzing the factors that influence the ceremony of rejecting reinforcements in the fishing community of Nagari Mandeh, the researcher uses symbolic interpretive theory. The results of this study indicate that the factors that influence the resilience of repelling reinforcements can be seen from the cultural factors of the coastal community's economy and education. These two factors influence each other so that the tradition of the ceremony of rejecting reinforcements in the Nagari Mandeh community is still maintained today even though it is in the modern era. The ceremony of rejecting reinforcements in Nagari Mandeh was carried out for three consecutive days

The paradigm of anthropocentrism in contemporary pediatric surgery

The idea of anthropocentrism is a key marker of the state of medical theory and practice in the technocratic society of the twenty-first century and demonstrates the global reflection of human society on its axiological attitudes. Aim. The paper aims at theoretical and methodological analysis of the paradigmatic dimensions of anthropocentrism in pediatric surgery. The theoretical basis of the study was formed by philosophical concepts of anthropocentric orientation, modern scientific substantiation of the problems of deontology and medical education. The methodology of the study was determined by the cultural approach based on the use of philosophical hermeneutics (interpretation of texts). The method of extrapolation allowed the use of philosophical heritage to analyze contemporary deontological issues. The method of synergetics provided an integrating function. The methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization determined the logic of our scientific research. Anthropocentrism is one of the leading trends in philosophy, which, at different historical stages, from ancient times to the present, defines topical issues, including deontological ones. Subject-object relations in medicine are relations in the “person-to-person” and “healthcare professional-to-patient” systems. The current and most realistic model is the contractual model, in which pediatric surgeons, parents of patients, and patients themselves establish relationships that are most acceptable to all participants in the treatment process. Conclusions. The obtained results provide a more advanced level of analysis of both general and specific cognitive interests and preferences of pediatric surgery professionals from the angle of cognitions that characterize the discourse of the idea of anthropocentrism. The practical significance of the study is determined by the possibility of using the material of the paper in teaching deontological disciplines and as a factor that motivates medical students to scientific and worldview reflection. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

APPLICATION OF THE RULE OF AL-WUJUH WA AN-NAZHAIR ON TARJAMAH TAFSIRIYAH TO THE WORD HEART IN THE TRANSLATION OF THE MINISTRY OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

Differences in language usage and translation meanings related to a word in the Qur’an are often confused. For example, as well as the word heart (qalb) in the Qur’an is mentioned 153 times in the singular, double, or plural. Sometimes qalb is interpreted as the meaning of reason knowledge as in the tafsir al-mishbah in QS. Qaf verse 37 interprets that the word qalb means someone who has perfect knowledge. But in the translation of the Qur’an Kemenag, the word qalb in the verse is still interpreted with the heart. This sometimes begs the question of what the verse means. This study used library research. This study compiles and searches for data and theories about the meaning of qalbu translation in the Qur’an on the Qur’an and the translation of the work of the Qur’an Kemenag including books/literature and written works of relevant figures as data sources. This research is qualitative descriptive. The approach used in this study is the theory of interpretation with the maudhu’iy (thematic) method because the collected data will be analyzed with the theory of interpretation with the maudhu’iy method. The results of this research on the latest official website of the Qur’an Kemenag, include an addition of a brief interpretation to express the meaning that the meaning of the heart in translation is a heart that can think and know the truth.

Aesthetic Ideas and Art Interpretation in Kant’s Third Critique and Schelling’s ‘System of Transcendental Idealism’

Abstract This paper argues for a metacognitive reading of Kant’s doctrine of ‘aesthetic ideas’, according to which they enjoy the functional role of licensing a theory of art interpretation. I begin by offering a textualist reading of Kant’s doctrine of ‘aesthetic ideas’ and contest the received ‘semantic paradigm’ according to which aesthetic ideas either approximate the form or content of a rational idea. After showing the relationship between aesthetic ideas and artistic interpretation, I assess whether Kant’s theory delivers what we want from a theory of artistic interpretation. I subsequently show how Schelling’s conception of artistic production and reception in the System of Transcendental Idealism (1800) draws from Kant’s doctrine of ‘aesthetic ideas’. After analyzing the relationship between Kant and Schelling’s accounts of art interpretation, I evaluate which account we ought to prefer.

Exploring Existentialist Design in Digital Humanities

This paper examines the application of existentialist philosophical and hermeneutic principles to user experience design within the Digital Humanities Laboratory at the National Library of Norway (NLN). Over the past decade, the NLN DH Lab has evolved from organizing workshops on Jupyter Notebook tools to developing user-friendly applications tailored to streamline computer-mediated research on cultural heritage materials. Drawing from existentialist and hermeneutic philosophy, the paper explores how one these applications. “Kollokasjoner” (“Collocations”) 1) accommodates subjectivity, 2) embraces fluidity and multiplicity of meanings, and 3) facilitates independent interpretation and engagement with cultural heritage artifacts, or epistemic objects, visualizing layers of meaning in a simple and easy-to-understand way.

To Construe a Constitution: Constitutional Pluralism

The article explores the methodology of constitutional interpretation proposed by constitutional pluralism as one of the forms of ‘living’ constitutionalism. The article analyzes the main arguments of constitutional pluralism, then goes on to examine the conceptual structure of the debate between ‘living’ constitutionalism and originalism, and proceeds to investigate the importance of the two approaches to constitutional interpretation for Lithuanian legal scholarship. The article does not propose to choose one or the other theory to be adopted to construe the meaning of the Lithuanian Constitution. The article supports the idea of creating new theories of constitutional interpretation, theories that would combine the main elements of the two approaches to constitutional interpretation.

Changes in the Interpretation of the Criminal Law by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation: Factors, Consequences, Risks

Problem statement. The problems of the evolutionary interpretation of the criminal law in the scientific literature are practically not given attention. At the same time, the practice of significantly correcting the interpretative positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation forces us to conceptualize this problem as an independent object of scientific analysis. Aims and objectives of the research. The purpose of the work is to develop the theory of interpretation of the criminal law by analyzing the factors influencing the change in the position of the highest court on the interpretation of the criminal law, as well as by investigating the mechanisms necessary to deter dynamic interpretation. Methods. The work is based primarily on the use of a documentary method of researching materials of judicial practice and a critical analysis of scientific literature. Results. Based on the study of the materials of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, practice-forming documents of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, current judicial practice and scientific sources, the following are presented: (a) factors influencing the dynamics of the position of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the interpretation of criminal law; (b) factors allowing to predict changes in the dynamics of the legal position; (c) risks arising in connection with changes in acts of interpretation. Brief conclusions. The dynamics of the legal interpretation positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is influenced by at least four groups of factors: the constitutional and legal meaning of criminal law regulations identified by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation; changes in the socio-political course implemented in the country; the needs of law enforcement practice changing under the influence of new criminal challenges; the development of scientific ideas about the content of criminal law. These factors, acting individually or together, may determine a change in the approach of the highest court to understanding the criminal law. However, such changes, no matter how necessary they are, must have an important quality of predictability so that the dynamics of the interpretation of the law does not undermine the beginning of stability of criminal law regulation. The risks of instability of legal regulation when changing the interpretation of the law must be overcome by a reliable monitoring and forecas­ting system so that these changes contribute to the development of law and the effective achievement of the objectives of the criminal law.

Polygamy among Muallaf in Manado: Islamic Legal Perspectives and Social Challenges

The practice of polygamy is often a controversial topic and raises questions about religious and cultural identity. Although Islamic law permits polygamy under certain conditions, how this is understood and applied by the convert community in a Christian setting is complex. This study explores the dynamics of polygamy among converts (Muallaf) in the multicultural environment of Manado, Indonesia, from the perspective of Islam and society. Using an empirical normative approach, the study involved 35 informants, consisting of 25 Muallaf who were married in Islam and ten who were engaged in polygamous marriages. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, and the analysis identified common patterns and significant findings, focusing on factors influencing attitudes towards polygamy. The results revealed differences in views among Muallaf regarding polygamy; some accept this practice as part of Islamic teachings, while others reject it as contrary to their previous values. Factors such as religious interpretation, pre-conversion values, and legal and social barriers affected their attitudes toward polygamy. The problematic legal hurdles of obtaining polygamy permits in court highlight additional challenges in implementing this practice in Manado. Nevertheless, polygamy remains a controversial issue in this predominantly Christian society, reflecting the complexity of the interaction between religion and culture. This research provides important insights into how polygamy is perceived and practiced in multicultural environments and the challenges Muallaf faces in understanding and applying Islamic law in their social contexts.

Balimau Tradition in the Wedding Procession in Nagari Koto Alam, Pangkalan Koto Baru District, Limapuluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra Province

This study examines the "Balimau Tradition in the Wedding Procession in Koto Alam Village, Pangkalan Koto Baru District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra Province". The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the balimau tradition in the wedding procession in Koto Alam Village and to describe the meaning of the balimau tradition. The theory used in this study is the symbolic interpretative theory of Clifford Geertz. The method used in this study is a qualitative method. Data collection in this study was carried out using observation, interview, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique in this study uses steps including data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and verification. The results of this study indicate that the balimau tradition is a bathing tradition carried out by the bride and groom after carrying out the marriage contract, this tradition is carried out during the village barolek event. The implementation of the balimau tradition is to prepare the tools and materials for balimau, the bride and groom are paraded to the river, read prayers, shave the bride's hair, rub the boreh kasai on the bride and groom, rub the bungo kiambai, the bride and groom dive, wash the bride and groom's hair, bathe, use pamanih oil, distribute kotan kuniang, and wash away the remaining materials from the balimau tradition. The meaning contained in the balimau tradition is to cleanse and purify the bride and groom. The tools and materials used in the balimau tradition have meanings that are intended for the good of the bride and groom.

Model of Internalization of Religious Moderation Values ​in Salafiyah Boarding Schools

This study aims to analyze the process of internalizing religious moderation values at the Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School, Rubath Al Muhibbien, Palembang. Religious moderation is crucial for maintaining stability and avoiding excessive religious interpretations that may violate humanitarian values, social agreements, and public order. Salafiyah Islamic boarding schools were chosen as the focus due to their pivotal role in fostering a moderate understanding of Islam, particularly in instilling these values in their students. The research utilized a qualitative phenomenological approach. Key informants included school leaders, administrators, teachers, students, alumni, and the general community. Activities observed encompassed the internalization process of religious moderation values, with classical Islamic texts (kitab kuning) serving as supporting documents: data collection methods involved observations, in-depth interviews, and written and oral documentation. The Miles and Huberman data analysis method, known for its three primary activities, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification was employed. The findings reveal a model of internalizing religious moderation values at the Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School, consisting of three stages: value transformation, transaction, and internalization. The first stage involves value transformation through conceptual, institutional, operational, and architectural dimensions. The second stage consists of implementing advisory strategies and customary practices to instil values among students. The third stage incorporates role modelling, habituation, exemplification, advisory roles, promises, threats, and disciplinary measures. By focusing on one Islamic boarding school, the research results may not fully reflect the internalizing religious moderation values ​​in other Islamic boarding schools with different characteristics, cultures, and teaching methods. The originality lies in the model of internalizing religious moderation values ​​that have been developed. This holistic approach combines unique conceptual, institutional, operational, and architectural aspects and strategies relevant to the culture and traditions of Islamic boarding school education.

Fathers' transformative caring experiences of engaging in music and singing with their children

AbstractThis study explores the role of music and singing in fostering transformative caring relationships between fathers and their children. It aims to understand how these interactions contribute to fatherhood identity and relational dynamics, filling a significant gap in research on musical fatherhood. Employing a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach, the study conducted open‐ended interviews with eight fathers, analysing data through the lens of Paul Ricoeur's theory of interpretation. Findings reveal that musical activities enable fathers to engage intuitively and responsively with their children, facilitating a pre‐verbal form of communication that deepens emotional bonds and enhances paternal identity. Music and singing emerge as powerful tools that transcend traditional parenting roles, allowing fathers to experience and express a potentiated sense of fatherhood marked by empathy, connection and care. This study highlights the profound impact of musical engagement on father–child relationships and suggests broader implications for emotional intelligence and gender roles in parenting.

Challenges Encountered during the Interpretation and Translation of the Sermons in the Pentecostal Churches in Vihiga County

This study sought to analyse challenges encountered during interpreting and translating of sermons in the Pentecostal churches in Vihiga County. Interpretation and translation are a reflective professional undertaking fraught with linguistics challenges. The challenge is pronounced during sermon delivery in Pentecostal churches, where untrained volunteer interpreters and translators predominantly undertake interpretation and translation. Marianne’s Interpretive Theory of Translation guided the study. The descriptive research design was employed, and the target population consisted of the clergy, translators, interpreters and congregants drawn from the Pentecostal churches in Vihiga County. Purposive sampling was used to select five preachers, interpreters, translators and congregants from five Pentecostal churches in Vihiga County. Audio-video recording, guided interviews and structured observations were adopted to collect data. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic content. The results showed that the interpreters and translators faced numerous challenges during sermon interpretation and translation. The challenges included inadequate language and biblical knowledge, the use of complex terminologies, pronunciation problems and unpredictable preaching styles, insufficient preparation, cultural differences and inability to fulfil community language expectations, lengthy utterances and prolonged elicitations, the use of independent and non-contextual translation and lack of synonyms for different linguistic features. It is recommended that interpreters and translators undergo adequate training in interpretation and translation to enhance their ability to deal with the dynamics of translation and interpretation of the sermons in Pentecostal churches.

An Innovation Management Approach for Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing

With more companies entering the realm of electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) and governments enacting policies to support the development of low-altitude economies, the commercial potential of eVTOL is being recognized by the public. However, true commercialization is still a long way off. This article analyzes the technologies, product features, potential markets, and government policies related to eVTOL and constructs a four-stage, four-layer Policy–Technology Roadmap (P-TRM) model to guide the R&D process of eVTOL. Then, it is transformed into a system structural model, and the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method is used to identify several key nodes in the R&D process. Utilizing the Technology Adoption Life Cycle (TALC) theory for interpretation and analysis, the article concludes by proposing strategies in product, technology, and policy support for how eVTOL can successfully cross the chasm. This preliminary analysis of the development path, key nodes, and necessary measures for crossing the chasm provides insights for the R&D and commercialization of eVTOL.

Charles Darwin, Emily Dickinson and the Evolution of Happiness

This article explores the interconnected perspectives of Charles Darwin and Emily Dickinson on happiness, offering a comprehensive analysis of their respective contributions to the understanding of this elusive concept. It contextualises Darwin’s and Dickinson’s views within the broader historiography of happiness, juxtaposing them with religious depictions, particularly the Christianisation of the idea. Unlike religious interpretations, Darwin’s discoveries challenged providential design, asserting chance as a governing principle in natural processes. To be more precise, his groundbreaking evolutionary theory, particularly outlined in On The Origin of Species, significantly alter traditional notions of happiness by emphasising the role of emotional and instinctive drives. Besides, this article underscores the impact of Darwin's ideas on Dickinson's scepticism toward religious interpretations of happiness, evident in the alignment of her poetic expressions with the challenges to faith during Darwin's transformative era. By means of examining several of Dickinson’s poems and letters in conjunction with Darwin’s autobiography, it establishes a dialogue between the two figures, revealing Dickinson's nuanced engagement with Darwinian concepts. The exploration extends then to Dickinson's approach to chance, as reflected in her poetic exploration of nature's workings. Likewise, it highlights Darwin's impact on Dickinson's worldview, suggesting that she valued chance as a gift, aligning with his view that chance is indispensable to the origin of new species. Overall, it offers a rich examination of the dynamic interplay between Dickinson's poetic vision and Darwin's scientific insights in shaping the evolving concept of happiness in the nineteenth-century.

Potential For Religious Exploitation of Conflict in Indonesia

In Indonesia, the problem of inter-religious relations seriously needs attention. Conflicts that use religious sentiment mostly exploit religious diversity to hide the real intention. The exploitation of religion in the form of falsifying religious identity is used as an effort to destabilize Indonesia, and religious interpretations are used as justification for discriminating against and dominating other religious groups, which is often found in conflicts in Indonesia. Potential adversaries likely use hybrid war to break unity and trust among Indonesians, to disintegrate the Republic of Indonesia and ultimately to control Indonesia's natural resources. Cross-institutional and civil group cooperation is needed to strengthen tolerance and affirm harmony in diversity, where Indonesian people embrace mutual understanding, care for diversity, and strengthen unity between people of different religions.

In Defense of the Common Good

Abstract Vermeule argues that law should uphold community morality, and critiques originalists and progressivists for losing sight of this. Though his critique is powerful, the book shares those problems Vermeule diagnoses in the work of others. As with the originalists, Vermeule’s theory of interpretation is not yet able to provide guidance. We need to know more about its content and its moral base to evaluate its attractions. Additionally, Vermeule underplays strong similarities between progressivists and his own scholarship. Acknowledging these similarities draws attention to a pair of shared institutional problems. First, the moral cost in taking decisions away from individuals and passing them to state institutions: using law to regulate an issue runs the risk of error, and may produce morally significant side-effects by coercively limiting people’s options. Secondly, morality speaks to the institutional process by which decisions are produced as well as their substance: the way we decide is important.

SOSIOHISTORIS MASYARAKAT ARAB KUNO DAN MODERN PERSPEKTIF GUSTAVE LE BON

This article presents a comprehensive historical overview of the lives of ancient and modern Arab societies, focusing on their nature, customs, and the changes that took place in various aspects of their lives. Through research into historical sources such as Gustave Le Bon's "Hadorotul Arab" and various relevant documentation, this article aims to provide a better understanding of the development of Arab civilization and the changes that occurred in Arab society over time. The review covers the social, economic, cultural and lifestyle aspects of Arab society in the past and present. The result of this study is that in ancient times, Arab societies were characterized by a relatively isolated and conservative nature. They lived in villages and tribes, with strong customs and traditional values. The social and economic aspects of ancient Arab society were influenced by their nomadic life and reliance on trade and livestock. However, as times changed, modern Arab society underwent a significant transformation. Arab cities became centers of economic and cultural activity, with increasingly open lifestyles and adaptation to outside influences. Social, economic and political changes have affected their daily lives, with changes in family structure, gender roles, education and employment. Modern Arab societies are also faced with challenges and changes due to globalization and modernization. They interact with new technologies and have greater access to information. Islam remains a strong cornerstone in the lives of Arab societies, with values such as modesty, justice and social care continuing to be upheld. However, religious interpretations and practices may vary among Arab societies, depending on the historical, cultural and environmental contexts in which they live .

Interpretation of Euthanasia in the Buddhist Worldview

Religious interpretations of the moral aspect of euthanasia arouse serious scholarly interest in the problematic field of bioethics. The article is devoted to the explication of the Buddhist approach to the ethical assessment of euthanasia based on the material of Encyclopedia of Abhidharma with Commentary, an exegetical work by the famous educator Vasubandhu (4th–5th centuries) . A thematic analysis of the text reveals two different types of euthanasia discussed by Buddhist exegetes. One of them is characterized as the foreign practice of killing terminally ill parents in order to save them from severe suffering. In the context of the Buddhist worldview, this type of euthanasia belongs to the category of murders committed on the basis of ignorance. Killing is not a method of getting rid of suffering, because suffering is an attribute of samsara. Ignorant Gentiles do not understand the true difference between sin and virtue. By interrupting the lives of terminally ill parents, they commit the mortal transgression of killing a benefactor. Another type of euthanasia is described as a Buddhist ritual of premature end of life. The ritual is performed by an elderly arhat (the enlightened guardian of the Buddha’s teachings) when he has already prepared a worthy successor. An arhat interrupts his own life through a special mental method sanctified by the canonical tradition. This type of euthanasia was defined by Buddhist exegetes as a phenomenon of the domination of an enlightened person over life and death.

Interferențe interculturale referitoare la dialogul dintre știintă și religie

The article delves into the dynamic interaction between science and religion, highlighting both historical conflicts and moments of mutual cooperation. It focuses on how cosmological paradigms and ethical principles from both fields intertwine, shaping religious doctrines' interpretations and our perception of the universe. Particularly notable is how recent scientific discoveries reinterpret and adapt the fundamental meanings of sacred texts, underscoring the critical importance of ongoing dialogue between science and religion in developing a holistic and integrated view of reality.