Ayurvedic Bhasma, an ancient form of Indian traditional medicine, represents a unique class of herbo-mineral formulations prepared through a meticulous process involving calcination. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis and characterization of Ayurvedic Bhasmas, focusing on its preparation methods, physicochemical properties, and characterization. The synthesis of Bhasma involves a series of Shodhana (purification), Marana (incineration), and Bhavana (soaking and drying) processes, each contributing to the transformation of raw minerals and herbs into bioavailable nanoparticles with enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity. The review delves into the intricate processes involved in the production of various bhasmas, prepared in our laboratory as well as reports by other researchers. It also highlights modern scientific techniques used to characterize these formulations, including XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR, AAS, NAA, DLS etc. These techniques reveal the nanoscale size, crystalline structure, and elemental composition of bhasmas, providing insights into their therapeutic potential and safety profiles.