Herbal Industry Research Articles

The Role of Organizational Learning Culture and Workplace Empowerment in Improving Workplace Spirituality through Knowledge Sharing Behavior as a Mediation Variable

This research aims to find the role of Organizational Learning Culture and Workplace Empowerment on Workplace Spirituality through Knowledge Sharing Behavior as a mediating variable in PT. Sidomuncul herbal medicine industry, Semarang Regency. This research is quantitative research using the Partial Least Square SEM PLS application tool, carried out to test hypotheses with the aim of strengthening the hypothesis or rejecting theories or hypotheses from existing research results. the population was permanent employees at PT. Sidomuncul herbal medicine industry, Semarang Regency. The Human Capital Technology Division and Market Capability Division were deemed suitable for the Knowledge Sharing Behavior variable, totaling 255 people consisting of 200 male employees and 55 female employees. The sampling technique used in this research is census with the aim of the total population being used to determine the sample size, the research used a census technique of 255 respondents. The results of this research prove that Knowledge Sharing Behavior has a positive and significant effect on Workplace Empowerment, Knowledge Sharing Behavior has a positive and significant effect on Workplace Spirituality, that Organizational Learning Culture has a positive and significant effect on Knowledge Sharing Behavior, that Organizational Learning Culture has a positive and significant effect on Workplace Spirituality, Knowledge Sharing Behavior can greatly mediate the influence of Organizational Learning Culture on Workplace Empowerment.

Productivity Improvement Based on Lean and Green Productivity in Herbal Tea Production Line CV. DM

Herbal tea is a functional beverage with significant health benefits, produced from processed plants, namely Chinese teak (Cassia angustifolia Vahl) and soursop leaves (Annona muricata L). However, herbal industry faces a productivity problem due to the production process time caused by human factors, machines, and raw materials. Productivity can also be affected by non-value-adding activities in the production processes, such as unnecessary inventory and overproduction. Fossil energy used by industry to generate electricity contributes to the production of solid waste, posing a long-term environmental risk. To address this problem, Objective Matrix (OMAX) is needed to measure the industry production rate, where all non-value-adding activities are reduced in lean and green productivity. The concept of lean and green productivity facilitates the identification of all activities to determine the locus of the highest waste, material, or energy usage. Therefore, this research aimed to propose alternative improvements for enhanced productivity by assessing production rates and identifying generated waste, energy consumption, and emissions. The results show that herbal industry had low productivity, 0.4, on a scale of 1. To improve efficiency, recommendations for lean aspect were based on forecast demand and workload. This improvement was projected to raise Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) ore from 7.97% to 9.05% and reduce solid waste by maintaining and repairing filling machines. Green aspect could be improved by turning off idle facilities and machines, thereby minimizing electricity energy usage to 43.37%.

Spectrophotometric estimation of curcumin in herbal face cream

Aim/Objectives: Before using plant material in cosmetics, it is important to properly identify the plant, standardize it, and use the standardized form. The prevalence of misbranded and/or spurious herbal cosmetics necessitated the regulation on their import, manufacture, sell and distribution. Hence, the study focuses on the development of a precise and reliable method for quantifying curcumin in herbal face creams. Curcumin, a frequently used phyto-constituent in these creams obtained from Curcuma longa L. (CL)belongs to the family Zingiberaceae, is known for its anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. The proposed colorimetric method is not only accurate and reproducible, but it also has the potential to greatly contribute to the quality control and standardization of herbal cosmetics. Materials and methods: Standard methods were followed for preparation of in-house formulation and evaluation. In-house formulation was compared with four marketed samples. Results and Conclusion: Marketed samples were found to be at lower side in respect of curcumin content but comparable with in-house formulation. Although the sample number was small, the method is cost effective and gave reproducible and rapid results, hence could serve as a commercial method for standardization. The study was found to be commendable and holds great promise for the herbal cosmetics industry.

A validated, precise TLC-densitometry method for simultaneous quantification of mahanimbine and koenimbine in marketed herbal formulations

BackgroundMurraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. (Rutaceae) is an important medicinal plant in natural products research for its diverse pharmacological activities. Carbazole alkaloids were the major classes of phytoconstituents obtained from different parts of this plant, such as leaves, stems, and roots. Mahanimbine and koenimbine are two important carbazole alkaloids obtained from the M. koenigii plant and are known for their anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-diarrhoeal agents, etc. Standardization plays a vital role in the herbal drug industry for maintaining the quality, purity, safety, and efficacy of herbal formulations, and hyphenated analytical techniques like HPTLC, HPLC, GC–MS, and LC–MS were utilized for this purpose. In the present study, a specific, simple, and rapid semi-automated TLC method was developed to quantify mahanimbine and koenimbine in some marketed herbal formulations, and the same was validated based on (ICH)-Q2-(R1) guidelines.ResultsThis study revealed that the powder formulation (F3) contains the highest amount of mahanimbine (62.32 µg), but the tablet formulation (F1) contains both mahanimbine (41.19 µg) and koenimbine (143.6 µg).ConclusionA simple, specific, and reproducible semi-automated TLC method was developed and validated successfully as per (ICH)-Q2-(R1) guidelines and can be utilized for analysing marketed herbal formulations containing M. koenigii powder/extracts.

Jamu as Indonesian Cultural Heritage and Modern Health Innovation

Jamu, as a traditional Indonesian medicine, stood firmly as a symbol of timeless cultural heritage wisdom amidst the hustle and bustle of modern civilization, with all its technological and medical advances. It has served as a reflection of philosophical underpinnings and a proven source of health in Indonesian society over thousands of years (Agustina & Fitrianti, 2020). In this editorial, we delve into how jamu, as Indonesia's cultural heritage, not only survived, but also thrived and adapted to modernization and globalization. We recognize that preserving herbal medicine requires concerted efforts, such as those undertaken by Satria et al. (2023), who utilized a casual game design to enhance the understanding and knowledge of herbal medicine. It is imperative to continue such endeavors to ensure the sustainability of herbal products in the future.
 The history of jamu was chronicled in ancient manuscripts and orally transmitted through generations by indigenous people of the archipelago. Each leaf, root, seed, and spice, when boiled or ground, contributed to a complex yet refined recipe, yielding a beverage imbued not only with health benefits, but also with the stories and prayers of ancestors. With every sip of jamu, it seemed as if we were directly assimilating the wisdom of our forebears who possessed a profound understanding of nature and the human body. However, the jamu did not remain confined to the past. In the modern era, it has undergone a transformation, permeating health clinics, spas, and even contemporary cafés. Scientific research has unveiled active components within jamu with therapeutic potential, corroborating beliefs held for centuries. For instance, studies on Curcuma xanthorrhiza have revealed the presence of xanthorrhizol compounds with anticancer properties (Nurcholis et al., 2018), while the utilization of curcuminoid compounds from turmeric in various functional food products exemplifies this trend (Munekata et al., 2021). This demonstrates that jamu, with its deep-rooted traditions, serves as a gateway for the future of integrative medicine.
 Currently, advances in jamu production are burgeoning. Ainurofiq et al. (2023) pioneered the granule formulation of SIRMA herbal medicine to heighten its antioxidant activity. Moreover, innovative marketing strategies are being implemented, such as leveraging websites and social media platforms (Purwantisari et al., 2022). Additionally, captivating packaging and creative marketing endeavors have effectively introduced jamu to both the younger generations and the international market. Collaborations with nutritionists and chefs have transformed jamu into not only a health elixir, but also a source of enjoyment. However, along with its escalating popularity, challenges have surfaced. Standardization and certification have emerged as critical issues that uphold the quality and authenticity of herbal medicines. Several researchers have undertaken pivotal studies in this regard, including authentication of herbal medicine via UV-Vis spectrophotometry (Husain et al., 2023) and identification of chemical drug adulteration in herbal medicine using FTIR-ATR ((Fatmarahmi et al., 2022). In collaboration with stakeholders in the herbal industry, it is imperative for the government to establish regulations conducive to innovation while safeguarding the timeless tradition embodied in herbal medicine. Furthermore, public education regarding the benefits and proper use of herbal medicines is paramount. Such awareness will foster the sustainability and preservation of herbal medicines as an integral component of a wholesome lifestyle.
 In conclusion, the jamu exemplifies the harmonious fusion of tradition and innovation. Within its cups, we discover a seamless connection between the past and the future, bestowing upon us not only health benefits but also the treasured identity and cultural heritage of Indonesia. Let us raise our glasses to jamu, the elixir that flows through the veins of Indonesian culture, sustaining us both now and in generations to come.

A concise analysis of pharmacognostic uniformity parameters for priceless plant Cyperus rotundus

The pharmacognostic standardization of natural products is a crucial stage in describing the product's quality. The present investigation presents pharmacognostic standards of dried roots of Cyperus rotundus. Utilizing standardized techniques, a number of pharmacognostic standards were produced, including ash values, extractive values, moisture content, foreign organic matter, swelling index, foaming index, tannin determination, and volatile oil content. Major bioactive components, including flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, and triterpenoids, were detected in plant extracts using phytochemical screening. Remarkably, coumarin was detected in the methanol extract.Its existence was confirmed by measuring the total phenol and total flavonoids content. Using an optimized solvent system, the fingerprint profile of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts revealed four and two spots, respectively, in thin layer chromatography. To conclude, the selected plant was perfect and suitable for further in vitro as well as in vivo studies to introduce a good herbal product in herbal drug industry.

Research on the planting status and development of herbal medicine industry in Lantian County under the background of modern technology development

Lantian County in Shaanxi Province has abundant natural herbal resources, and the development of the herbal planting industry is closely related to the people's livelihood in the planting areas of Lantian County, which is crucial for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. With the popularization of Internet technology and the development of digital infrastructure, modern technology has become a powerful guarantee for the prosperity of rural industries, the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and poverty alleviation. It is also an effective power to promote the planting and development of herbal medicine industry in Lantian County. In order to further accelerate the pace of modern technology enabling herbal medicine planting, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the development of the herbal medicine planting industry in Lantian County based on the current situation of the development of the herbal medicine planting industry in Lantian County, makes in-depth analysis from three aspects of planting mode, sales channels and industrial influence, and explores the path to the prosperity of the herbal medicine planting industry in Lantian County under the background of modern technology development, providing theoretical reference for the poverty alleviation of Lantian County, It also provides ideas and references for the development of herbal planting industries in other regions of China.

Assessing the global distribution and conservation status of the Taxus genus: An overview

Taxus, commonly known as Yew, is a non-resinous evergreen tree renowned for its anti-cancer properties, attributed to the plant alkaloid Paclitaxel. This study draws upon secondary data sourced from reputable books, journals, and authenticated websites pertaining to the taxonomy of this significant flora. Taxus thrives in moist, humid, shady environments with slightly acidic soil, often flourishing beneath the canopies of species such as Abies, Fagus, Picea, and Quercus spp. The primary objective of this investigation was to evaluate the global status of the Taxus genus. Its distribution spans the northern hemisphere, with various regional common names associated with Taxus species. Through a comprehensive review, our findings reveal a total of 12 natural species and 2 hybrid species globally, including T. media Rehder and T. hunnewelliana Rehder. Notably, four Taxus species—T. chinensis Rehd., T. contorta Griff., T. globosa Schlect., and T. wallichiana Zucc—are endangered, while T. brevifolia Nuttall is categorized as near threatened according to the IUCN Red List. The updated Taxus genus database presented in this study serves as a valuable resource for diverse stakeholders, encompassing researchers, academicians, forest managers, herbal industry professionals, and policymakers. This information will help in formulating effective conservation strategies and sustainable utilization plans for this important genus.

Simultaneously quantification of eight marker compounds by HPLC, and HPTLC analysis for the marker-based shelf-life kinetic study for the standardization of polyherbal drug AYUSH SG-5, medicinal properties and computational studies

The herbal or alternative medicines having their own significances in each country. The major problem behind the non-acceptance of the alternative medicines is the poor standardization and quality control. Maximum times, it’s impossible to quantify the complex matrix of polyherbal medicines. The pharmacopeial standards of these medicines are limited to physicochemical and pharmacognostic analysis only, which are insufficient for the proper quality control of ingredients used for the preparation of polyherbal formulations. Multi-markers-based analysis of alternative medicines and their polyherbal formulations by using the sophisticated analytical techniques like HPLC, and LC-MS is the demand of current scenario. In our recent report we have reported pharmaceutical standard operating procedure for a coded polyherbal formulation (CPF i.e. AYUSH-SG-5) which was prepared for the rheumatoid arthritis. The marker-based quantification and identification of major metabolites and shelf-life (marker-based) studies were not reported in that study. In this report we have quantified eight markers (6-Gingerol, 8-Gingerol, Guggulsterone-E, Guggulsterone-Z, Resveratrol, Salicin, Colchicine, and Caffeic acid) simultaneously by HPLC chromatography. To identify the phytochemicals in polyherbal formula (CPF), LC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis was performed, where 32 main phytochemicals were identified out of 80 peaks. In herbal industry, HPTLC is the main tool for drug quantification, so we have reported a HPTLC method for the real time shelf-life study. In HPTLC study, we have used three major markers (6-Gingerol, Guggulsterone-E, Guggulsterone-Z) that are reproducible in hydroalcoholic extract and not in aqueous and methanolic extracts of CPF. The kinetic study-based shelf-life of CPF formulation was performed, the observed shelf-life of CPF was more than 41 months. In addition, evaluation of antioxidant activity like total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC) and DPPH assays were performed, and results exhibited that hydroalcoholic extract having more values than aqueous and methanolic extracts of CPF. The phytochemicals observed in LC-QTOF-MS/MS studies were tested for in silico anti-inflammatory activity and anti-arthritic activities, which need to be explored after the detailed pharmacological and biological studies. Overall, analytical studies result of present study could use to standardize the CPF as well as the all relevant polyherbal formulations where these raw drugs have been used.

“DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SELF-MICROEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (SMEDDS) FOR BAUHINIA VARIEGATA LEAF EXTRACT”

This study aimed to formulate and characterize a Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) for Bauhinia variegata leaves, a traditional medicinal plant renowned for its anti-tumor properties, in order to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of its bioactive compounds. Bauhinia variegate leaves were collected locally (Amity university ).The successful formulation and characterization of the SMEDDS for Bauhinia variegata not only contribute to advancing drug delivery technologies for traditional medicines but also pave the way for further research into practical applications in the pharmaceutical and herbal medicine industries. This study provides valuable insights for the development of innovative and effective delivery systems for bioactive compounds derived from traditional medicinal plants. Developing a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for an ethanol extract from Bauhinia Variegate leaves involves creating a formulation that can spontaneously form a stable microemulsion when introduced to aqueous media, such as the gastrointestinal fluids. The use of a ternary phase diagram can help optimize the proportions of the key components in the formulation. SMEDDS are described as isotropic mixtures of herbal or synthetic oils, solid or liquid surfactants, or instead, one or greater hydrophilic solvents and co-solvents/surfactants that have a completely unique ability of forming satisfactory oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsions upon mild agitation followed by way of dilution in aqueous media, including GI fluids

Enhancing the quality attributes of mint medicinal plant (Mentha spicata L.) through simultaneous combined ozone and infrared drying

AbstractMedicinal plants are widely used in various traditional and modern medical methods due to their therapeutic properties. Drying is a common method used to preserve the biochemical compounds of medicinal plants. Still, conventional drying methods can lead to the loss of active compounds due to exposure to high temperatures. This research aimed to design and construct an ozone generator for use in a combined dryer and evaluate the ozone, temperature, and hot air flow rate on the quality properties of mint (Mentha spicata L.). Drying experiments were conducted at varying temperatures, air flow speeds, and ozone levels. Results indicated that increasing temperature reduced total phenol and flavonoid content while increasing antioxidant capacity. Higher airflow speed positively influenced total phenol, total flavonoid content and antioxidant potency but reduced drying time. Ozone exposure increased total phenol, flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and had minimal effect on drying time. Optimization revealed that a temperature of 52.47°C, air flow rate of 1.5 m/s, and 90.37% ozone concentration yielded favorable outcomes, including enhanced phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant power, and decreased energy consumption. Compared to other drying methods, the proposed ozone‐enhanced method proved superior in preserving bioactive compounds and maintaining a reasonable drying time. Overall, the research highlights the potential of ozone‐assisted drying for optimizing the quality of medicinal plants during preservation.Practical ApplicationThe paper introduces a novel and efficient method for preserving the quality of medicinal mint. By concurrently applying ozone and infrared drying techniques, this approach aims to capitalize on their synergistic effects in maintaining the plant's beneficial compounds. Ozone acts as a natural antimicrobial agent, preserving the plant's integrity, while infrared drying expedites the process without compromising the phytochemical profile. This innovative method not only ensures microbial safety and extended shelf life but also enhances the mint's aroma, flavor, and nutrient retention. The practical application of this combined technique holds promise for pharmaceutical and herbal industries, providing a valuable approach for optimizing the drying process and preserving the medicinal attributes of Mentha spicata L.

Identification of Flavonoid Content of Noni Fruit Alcohol Extraction (Morinda citrifolia L) Using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) Method as a Pilot Study of Herbs

Flavonoids are phenolic compounds most commonly found in many plants, including noni fruit. Noni fruit also has many benefits for the pharmaceutical and herbal industries. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is an effective and rapid method for obtaining bioactive compounds from plant materials. This research is a laboratory experimental study using noni-fruit samples and aims to identify flavonoid compounds in noni-fruit extract. Noni fruit was dried before being processed into simplisia powder. Using 96% ethanol and 70% alcohol solvents, the MAE method concentrated the extract for two minutes at 50 C. Using HCL solvent, the noni extract was then identified as having flavonoids. The results showed that flavonoid compounds were present in a 70% alcohol extract of noni fruit.

Advancing Sustainable Herbal Medicine: Synthesizing Nanoparticles from Medicinal Plants

The crucial challenge in herbal medicine development lies in ensuring the safety, quality, and effectiveness of herbal materials to comply with the regulatory standards in the herbal medicine industry. This research aims to synthesize nano-based herbal medicine by combining two medicinal plants: Bischofia javanica leaves and Phaleria macrocarpa fruits. Through the High-Energy Milling (HEM) process, both materials are transformed into nanoparticles to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of active compounds. The herbal medicine standards are measured through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Particle Size Analysis (PSA), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests. The SEM analysis results indicate optimal dispersion of nanoparticles, while PSA analysis reveals a reduction in particle size and increased homogeneity after nanonization with HEM. FTIR analysis results show various functional groups in nanoparticles, indicating the potential interaction between the combined components. The effectiveness of nanoparticles in the Rattus norvegicus Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) model demonstrates an increase in lipid profile comparable to the effectiveness of Vitamin C. These findings highlight the potential of combined herbal treatment with nanoparticles produced by HEM, offering better efficacy and potential safety improvement, particularly in addressing lipid metabolism disorders.

Pharmacological and biotechnological overview of Sauropus androgynus L. Merr.: an underexploited perennial shrub

Sauropus androgynus L. Merr is an unexploited medicinal shrub under the family Phyllanthaceae known as a green multivitamin plant and used as a leafy vegetable. Many phytochemicals from the leaf extracts of S. androgynous act as antioxidant, anti-microbial, wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity agents and can potentially enhance breast milk production. The leaf extracts of this shrub contain ascorbic acid, eugenol, gallic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, ferulic acid, and different types of flavonoids. These phytochemicals have oxidative scavenging, glucosidase inhibitory, and superoxide dismutase activities. The plant has several nutrients to help metabolic activity and increase longevity. Herbal industries depend on natural resources. Identifying plant species is also essential before using them as herbal ingredients. DNA barcoding tags are used to determine the authenticity of plant species and herbal drugs. Seven barcoding markers have been tested for the identification of S. androgynus. Markers rbcl, rpoC1, and trnH-psbA showed the fragment size at 580, 500, and 520 bp, respectively. However, rpoC1I and adh reflect at 380 and 300 bp and the ycf5 show at 450 bp. These markers may be used to authenticate the plant and prepare herbal medicine. This review highlighted the basic biology, phytochemical, pharmacological, and biotechnological overview of S. androgynus for sustainable human health.

Novel Arena of Nanocosmetics: Applications and their Remarkable Contribution in the Management of Dermal Disorders, Topical Delivery, Future Trends and Challenges.

Nanocosmetics have attracted a considerable audience towards natural care due to their low cost, target-specific delivery, and reduced toxicity compared to chemical-based cosmetics. Nanofomulations, including nanoemulsions, nanotubes, and polymeric carriers, have become next-generation products explored for the multifaced applications of nanotechnology in skin care. The rise in the cosmetic industry demands innovative and personalized products designed using nanocarriers for better targeting and improving patient compliance. Furthermore, nanocosmetics increase the efficiency of skin permeation active ingredient entrapment, providing better UV protection. Moreover, it offers controlled drug release, targeting active sites and enhancing physical stability. Further, overcoming the drawback of penetration problems makes them sustainable formulations for precision medicine. Skincare nourishment with nanocosmetics using Indian spices helps to maintain, beautify, and rejuvenate human skin. Nanophytopharmaceuticals extracted from plants, including alkaloids, flavonoids, antioxidants, and volatile oils, are essential phyto-products for skin care. Nano herbals and nanocosmetics are a growing market and gift of nature that nourishes and cures skin ailments like acne, pemphigus, anti-aging, albinism, psoriasis, and fungal infections. The emerging concern is highlighted in the investigation of nanoformulation toxicity and safety concerns in skin care. Further, it helps to manifest research, development, and innovation in expanding the scope of herbal industries.

AUTHENTICATION OF SOME COMMERCIAL TEAS IN ILORIN, NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA

Adulteration and substitution of herbal drugs are trending issue in the herbal industry, posing a serious threat to commercial natural product research. Anatomical and chemical studies were carried out on Camellia sinensis and 6 commercial tea samples using chemical maceration technique (C-tea, L-tea, T-tea, H-tea, N-tea and A-tea). C. sinensis has hypostomatic leaves with paracytic and anomocytic stomatal complex types and thick-cell wall. The plant also possessed non-glandular unicellular trichomes. The anticlinal wall pattern was straight and rectangular, and it is undulating on the adaxial surface. Anatomically, C-tea has paracytic and pericytic stomatal complex types and unicellular non-glandular and multicellular glandular trichomes. L-tea has paracytic and anomocytic with unicellular glandular and multicellular non glandular trichomes. Paracytic, polocytic and anisocytic stomatal complex types with unicellular glandular and multicellular non-glandular trichomes were observed in T-tea. Occurrence of paracytic and anomocytic stomata was observed in H-tea; paracytic and tetracytic stomata were present in N-tea while paracytic stomata were observed in A-tea with unicellular glandular trichomes. The chemical tests shown that Prussian blue was present in three commercial samples of black tea and turmeric was present in two commercial green tea samples. Anatomical studies revealed that four of the selected commercial tea samples shown traces of adulteration.

Eustress, Employee Job Burnout Syndrome and Productive Performance in the Madura Herbal Industry

Herbal products require employees to maintain cleanliness and product quality, while on the other hand, the demand for herbal products has implications for increasing workloads and becoming stressors for employees. Efforts to optimize employee productivity and performance can be carried out by the company by revitalizing employee performance so that they remain productive. The novelty in this study is a combination of work productivity and performance dimensions that produce five indicators, namely work quality, work quantity, task performance, contextual; performance, and adaptive to timeliness. This study aims to identify the factors that affect the productive performance of employees. This study uses a quantitative approach with a questionnaire as primary data, which is analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with testing using SPSS version 16 for Windows. The research population is the herbal family business employee in Madura. With the cluster sampling technique, 100 employees were obtained from 4 research locations in Bangkalan and Pamekasan. The results showed that eustress can increase the productive performance of employees. Meanwhile, high job burnout reduces the productive performance of employees.
 Keywords—Eustress; Job Burnout; Productive Performance

The Influence of Financial Performance Q3 2023 Through Net Profit Margin (NPM), ROA and ROE on the Decrease in Share Prices of PT Herbal Medicine and Pharmaceutical Industry Sido Muncul Tbk

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Asset (ROA), and Return On Equity (ROE) on the decline in share prices at PT. Sido Muncul Tbk. Herbal and Pharmaceutical Industry which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2023 period. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The population in the study is the financial statements and stock prices of PT. Sido Muncul Tbk's Herbal and Pharmaceutical Industry for the 2023 period. In this study, purposive sampling techniques were used, the samples in this study were financial statements and stock prices for the quarter of 2023. Researchers use documentation observation techniques, analytical tools used using multiple linear regression analysis. The results stated that partially Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Return On Asset (ROA) did not have a significant effect on the decline in share price at PT. Sido Muncul Tbk. Herbal and Pharmaceutical Industry While Return On Equity (ROE) has a significant effect on the decline in share price at PT. Sido Muncul Tbk. Herbal and Pharmaceutical Industry Simultaneously Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Asset (ROA), and Return On Equity (ROE) have a significant effect on the decline in share price at PT. Herbal and Pharmaceutical Industry Sido Muncul Tbk.

Historical and contemporary development of novel chemotype varieties with high essential oil of lemongrass in India: A review

Lemongrasses found in India encompass Cymbopogon flexuosus, C. citratus, C. khasianus, and C. pendulus. This fragrant perennial grass belongs to the Poaceae family and is indigenous to India as well as other tropical and subtropical regions in Southeast Asia and Africa. Pinpointing its precise place of origin is challenging due to its extensive history of cultivation and utilization across various cultures. It is believed to have originated in the maritime Southeast Asian region, encompassing countries like India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Lemongrass thrives in these regions and has played a significant role in their culinary and medicinal traditions for many generations. Among these, Cymbopogon citratus, a tropical lemongrass variety, is native to multiple Asian regions, particularly Southeast Asia and South Asia. It is widely cultivated and employed in a range of global cuisines and traditional healing practices. Lemongrass finds extensive applications in the herbal, medicinal, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and fragrance industries. Lemongrass oil is known for its diverse biological properties, which encompass antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. Not too long ago, India ranked as one of the world' leading exporters of lemongrass essential oil. Several prominent lemongrass cultivars have emerged, including GRL-1 (geraniol-rich), Krishna, Cauveri, Pragati, Praman, T-1, CIM Shikhar, Chirharit, CKP-25, SD-68, CIMAP Suwarna, and Krishnapriya. Among these, CIMAP Suwarna, Krishna, and CIM Shikhar stand out as the most widely favoured varieties across India developed at the CSIR-CIMAP in Lucknow, India. Indian universities and research institutions have also played a pivotal role in the development of novel lemongrass cultivars. Examples include Jor Lab L-2, OD-19, SD-68 (C. flexuosus), RRL-16 (C. pendulus), and CKP-25. Notably, there's Jor Lab L-9, a distinctive strain of C. khasianus known for its high methyl eugenol content. Furthermore, the germplasm for Malabar lemongrass (C. khasianus) is notable for its abundant herbage and elevated elemicin content, reaching up to 70%. The CSIR-NEIST in Jorhat and the CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow have contributed to the development of new high geraniol-rich lemongrass cultivars, such as "Jor Lab L-15" (C. khasianus), GRL-1, and CIM Atal (C. flexuosus), respectively. b: citral, elemicin, geraniol, methyl eugenol content, vitamin A, Cymbopogon, flexuosus, Cymbopogon pendulus, Cymbopogon khasianus, Cymbopogon citratus, Lemongrass varieties Citral, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon flexuosus, Cymbopogon khasianus, Cymbopogon pendulus, Elemicin, Geraniol, Lemongrass varieties, Methyl eugenol content, Vitamin A

Improving performance of electrospun nylon 6 nanofiber membrane by zeolite nanoparticles for wastewater treatment of herbal essence industries

Improving performance of electrospun nylon 6 nanofiber membrane by zeolite nanoparticles for wastewater treatment of herbal essence industries