Hepatic Lymphoma Research Articles

A Rare Case of Hepatic MALT Lymphoma with Coexistence of Hepatitis B Virus and Echinococcus Infection

Primary hepatic extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is seen extremely rare compromising 0,016% among non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Association of chronic inflammatory conditions or infectious processes mostly hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been reported by scarce number of case presentations. Whereas MALT lymphoma accompanied by echinococcus granulosus infection was described only in one primary pulmonary lymphoma case. We herein present a primary hepatic MALT lymphoma case with both HBV carrier state and liver hydatid cyst history. A 86 years old male patient referred to our clinic with a sole liver mass and was diagnosed with primary hepatic MALT lymphoma by core biopsy. Positron emission tomography detected increased uptake in the liver lesion without any other uptake site. He was successfully treated with rituximab-chemotherapy, tenofovir and albendazole. By adding one more case to the literature we aimed to emphasize the probable etiologic causative role of echinococcus infection in MALT lymphoma.

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HEPATIC LYMPHOMAS: A RETROSPECTIVE SINGLE-CENTER STUDY.

The incidence of hepatic lymphoma has been increasing recently and diagnosis can be challenging as clinical presentation and radiological findings are usually variable and non-specific. The aims of this study were to describe their main clinical, pathological and imaging characteristics and identify poor prognostic factors. A retrospective study that included all patients with histological diagnosis of liver lymphoma over a 10-year period at our center was performed. A total of 36 patients were identified, with mean age of 56.6 years and male predominance (58%). There were three patients with primary liver lymphoma (8.3%) and 33 with secondary liver lymphoma (91.7%). The most common histological type was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (33.3%). The most common clinical manifestations included fever, lymphadenopathy, weight loss, night sweats and abdominal discomfort; three patients (11.1%) were asymptomatic. Computed tomography scan revealed heterogenous radiological patterns including a single nodule (26.5%), multiple nodules (41.2%) or diffuse infiltration (32.4%). The mortality rate during follow-up was 55.6%. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (P=0.031) and absence of treatment response (P<0.001) were significantly associated with higher mortality. Hepatic lymphoma is a rare disease that may involve liver as part of a systemic disease or, less commonly, be confined to this organ. Clinical presentation and radiological findings are often variable and non-specific. It is associated with high mortality and poor prognostic factors include higher levels of C-reactive protein and absence of response to treatment.

Primary Hepatic Lymphoma: Role of Low-Dose Radiotherapy at a Single Institution with Genetic Characterization and Paired Literature Review

Purpose/Objective: Primary hepatic lymphomas (PHL) are an extremely rare form of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) for which there are no established treatment guidelines, with available literature largely comprised of small case reports. Therefore, we evaluate our institutional experience treating PHL within the context of existing literature to better understand treatment modalities, role of radiotherapy (RT), and outcomes. Traditionally, radiotherapy for indolent lymphomas has involved treatment of up to 2400cGy in 12 fractions, however the use of low-dose radiotherapy of 400cGy in 1-2 fractions has been increasingly utilized. However to our knowledge, use of low-dose RT for liver lymphomas has not previously been reported in the literature. Materials/Methods: We conducted a single institutional retrospective analysis of all PHL patients (pts) diagnosed from 2000-2021 with a biopsy-proven liver lesion without other lymphomatous solid organ involvement, except for concurrently diagnosed splenic lymphomas. Subgroup analysis was performed for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and indolent lymphomas, which included marginal zone (MZL), follicular (FL), and low-grade B-cell lymphoma (BCL), NOS. Univariable (UVA) and multivariable analysis (MVA) for overall survival (OS) was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model. A literature review was also conducted using key words "liver", "lymphoma", and "treatment" to identify all available reported cases of PHL. An institutional targeted sequencing database was queried to identify patients with PHL of DLBCL histology. Results: We identified 30 PHL pts within the institutional cohort and 192 pts from comprehensive literature review. Sixteen patients were male (53%), and 25 (83%) were ECOG 0. Twenty five (83%) were Lugano Stage I, 3 (10%) were Stage III, and 2 (7%) were Stage IV. Six (20%) patients had bulky disease and 3 (10%) had nodal involvement. Systemic therapy was the most common treatment modality with 20 patients (67%), and 4 patients (13%) each received surgery, radiation and observation in our institutional cohort. In the paired literature review, 96 patients (50%) received systemic therapy, 69 (36%) underwent surgery, 10 (5%) received radiation and 11 (6%) underwent observation. Seventeen (57%) of patients were alive and 5 (17%) lost to follow-up within our institutional cohort, compared with 97 patients (51%) alive and 3 (2%) lost to follow-up. Median survival in our cohort was 6 years, compared with 2 years among the literature review cohort. Subgroup analysis of DLBCL included 15 pts (Table 1). On MVA for OS, only ECOG score (p=0.02) and Lugano stage (p=0.04) remained significant. Subgroup analysis of the indolent lymphoma group included 9 pts (Figure 1). On MVA for OS, only age remained significant. Six DLBCL patients with available targeted sequencing data were identified, with 4 mutations mutated more than once: TP53 (50%), MEF2B (33%), P2RY8 (33%), and IRF8 (33%). Pathway mapping of genetic mutations was notable for alterations in cell cycle pathway genes TP53 and ATM (17%). No other pathways had greater than one genetic alteration. Conclusion: PHLs are a rare subtype of NHL without clear treatment consensus. Primary hepatic DLBCL is predominantly treated with chemotherapy in both our institutional experience and as reported in the literature, with reasonable disease control. Importantly, indolent PHL patients in the institutional cohort have been treated with various modalities including low-dose radiotherapy, which appears to achieve comparable disease control. However radiotherapy was not utilized as a modality for indolent PHL within the literature review. Therefore, this is the first report of the use of low-dose radiotherapy for treatment of indolent liver lymphomas. Our RT data is limited by short follow-up duration of RT pts compared to pts who received chemotherapy, surgery or observation. However, our results are encouraging for the consideration of low-dose radiotherapy as a management option for appropriate patients with indolent PHL. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

S3139 Primary Hepatic Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Picture of Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis

Introduction: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a prevalent subcategory of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) comprising around 25% of all NHL occurrences. Generally, 60% of cases will present with Stage III/IV advanced disease vs 40% with localized disease. While DLBCL can arise from any tissue, 40% of cases will come from extranodal extramedullary tissue; most commonly the stomach or GI. Interestingly, primary hepatic lymphoma is exceedingly rare with a reported incidence of 0.4% of all extranodal NHL and 0.016% for all NHL. The presentation can be vague and a mimicker of other disease with symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and B symptoms. Case Description/Methods: A 59-year-old female with no significant medical history presented for dizziness, fatigue, fever, shortness of breath, weight loss, night sweats, chills × 1 month. She drinks 18 beers/week and is employed at a bar. Initially found to have thrombocytopenia, transaminitis (AST > ALT), hepatosplenomegaly, hypotension, normocytic anemia, latent hepatitis B, and a pulmonary embolism. Her hepatitis was thought to be secondary to alcoholic hepatitis. Her MELD was 12 and Maddrey of -0.6. GI was consulted, further workup showed a past EBV and CMV infection. Quantiferon, HIV, mono, autoimmune and rheumatologic workup were negative. Ultimately a liver biopsy was positive for DLBCL. She was vaccinated for encapsulated organisms, treated for her Hepatitis B, and initiated on R-EPOCH regimen. She was transitioned to RCHOP and ultimately had no evidence of FDG presence on PET Scan and complete response to therapy. She was advised to have routine surveillance per NCCN guidelines (Figure 1). Discussion: Primary hepatic DLBCL is rare and not often diagnosed when a patient presents with acute hepatitis and known risk factors of alcohol use. However, our patient had multiple B-symptoms concerning for lymphoma. The only way to definitively diagnose DLBCL is by liver biopsy with the prevailing management of EPOCH chemotherapy. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment is crucial due to its poor prognosis and advanced stage presentation. For this reason, a broad differential diagnosis must be considered when evaluating patients with alcoholic hepatitis. This research was supported (in whole or in part) by HCA Healthcare and/or an HCA Healthcare affiliated entity. The views expressed in this publication represent those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of HCA Healthcare or any of its affiliated entities.Figure 1.: A, Markedly atypical lymphoid infiltrate involving both the hepatic sinusoids and portal tracts. The lymphocytes are large with vesicular chromatin, prominent nucleoli, and fairly abundant mitotic activity B, Immunohistochemical stains are performed. The atypical lymphocytes react with CD20, PAX5, and coexpress BCL-2 (90%) and C-MYC (60%).

An Unusual Presentation of Primary Hepatic Lymphoma

Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is a rare disease that usually manifests as a heterogenous solitary intrahepatic mass, multiple lesions or a diffuse infiltrative form. PHL presenting as a small focal area of hepatic involvement and a large predominant extrahepatic component is uncommon. We report a histopathologically proven case of primary hepatic lymphoma that caused significant diagnostic dilemma on contrast-enhanced computed tomography due to its unusual imaging appearance as a hypo-enhancing intra-abdominal solid mass with relatively small area of hepatic parenchymal involvement and a large exophytic component.

Primary hepatic lymphoma diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma originating from a germinal center B cell

Primary hepatic lymphoma diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma originating from a germinal center B cell

Clinicopathological Characteristics and Molecular Phenotypes of Primary Hepatic Lymphoma.

Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is a rare malignant tumor, occurring in 0.016% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). The common histological subtype is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Due to the rarity of tumor, clinicopathological characteristics and molecular phenotypes of PHL are limited. Seven patients with PHL (primary liver DLBCL) and 13 cases of liver involvement by DLBCL diagnosed between 2014 and 2021 in our hospital were included. The genetic features were also compared between the two groups by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Differential gene expression and pathway enrichment analysis were also performed. There were some discrepancies on presenting symptoms, pathological characteristics, laboratory data, and prognosis between PHL and DLBCL-liver groups. No same mutation was found between PHL and DLBCL-liver groups by NGS. Differential gene expression analysis discovered some up- and downregulated genes in PHL compared with the DLBCL-liver group. Upregulated genes were enriched in metabolic pathways, and downregulated genes were enriched in the HTLV-1 infection pathway. PHL is a distinct entity, with unique molecular features compared to liver involvement of systemic lymphoma. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the prognosis of the PHL group was better than that of the DLBCL-liver group. Understanding the clinicopathological and molecular features of PHL would help to direct clinical treatment.

OC-0296 The role of radiation therapy in the treatment of primary hepatic lymphomas

OC-0296 The role of radiation therapy in the treatment of primary hepatic lymphomas

Management of Hepatic Burkitt Lymphoma in Children

Hepatic Burkitt lymphoma is extremely rare in childhood and can be overlooked in differential diagnosis of liver masses. Patient: A8-year-old girl presented with a 1 month history of abdominal pain and weight loss and jaundice. Results: Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly and no palpable lymph node. Laboratory finding showed mild anemia (hemoglobin, 10,8 g/dL), elevated transaminase (ALT, 305 IU/L; ASAT,755 IU/L), elevated bilitubin (Bilirubin total, 179mg/L, Bilirubin direct, 143mg/l). Abdominal ultrasound shouwed a multiple hepatic lesions. Liver biopsy examination confirmed Burkitt's lymphoma. No metastasis was detected in the thoracic cavity, bone marrow, and spinal fluid. The patient was treated with the combination regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and high dose methotrexate. Cytosine arabinoside and methotrexate were added for CNS prophylaxis by intrathecal installation. Serial follow-up ultrasound showed a marked decrease in the size of hepatic lesions but residual hilar lymph nodes at 2cm and the control showed stable size of lymph node after 28 months of chemotherapy. Conclusion: The clinical feature of primary hepaticlymphoma varies from no symptom to fulminant hepatic failure. There are no specific imaging criteria for diagnosing primary hepatic Burkitt’s lymphoma. Thus, histology by biopsy is necessary for diagnosis.

Gut and liver involvement in pediatric hematolymphoid malignancies.

Hematolymphoid malignancies are common neoplasms in childhood. The involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, liver, biliary system, pancreas, and peritoneum are closely interlinked and commonly encountered. In leukemias, lymphomas, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), the manifestations result from infiltration, compression, overwhelmed immune system, and chemotherapy-induced drug toxicities. In acute leukemias, major manifestations are infiltrative hepatitis, drug induced gastritis, neutropenic typhlitis and chemotherapy related pancreatitis. Chronic leukemias are rare. Additional presentation in lymphomas is cholestasis due to infiltration or biliary obstruction by lymph nodal masses. Presence of ascites needs a thorough workup for the underlying pathophysiology that may modify the therapy and affect the outcome. Uncommon hematolymphoid malignancies are primary hepatic, hepatosplenic, and GI lymphomas which have strict definitions. In advanced diseases with extensive spread, it may be impossible to distinguish these diseases from the primary site of origin. LCH produces biliary strictures that mimic as sclerosing cholangitis. Liver infiltration is associated with poor liver recovery even after chemotherapy. The heterogeneity of gut and liver manifestations in hematolymphoid malignancies has a clinical impact on their management. Though chemotherapy is the mainstay of therapy in all hematolymphoid malignancies, debulking surgery and radiotherapy have an adjuvant role in specific clinical scenarios. Rare situations presenting as liver failure or end-stage liver disease require liver transplantation. At their initial presentation to a primary care physician, given the ambiguity in clinical manifestations and the prognostic difference with time-bound management, it is vital to recognize them early for optimal outcomes. Pooled data from robust registries across the world is required for better understanding of these complications.

Liver Function and Lipid Profile in adult Men in Eastern Zone of Kogi State, Nigeria

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are enzymes found mainly in the liver. When the liver is diseased or damaged, additional aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are released into the blood stream, causing the levels of the enzymes to rise. Therefore, the amount of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the blood is directly related to the extent of the tissue damage. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in mammals is found mainly in the liver. Increase in serum alkaline phosphatase level is associated with malignant biliary obstruction, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatic lymphoma and sarcoidosis. Cholesterol is component of plasma membranes. Triglycerides are found in adipose tissue, some triglycerides are stored in the blood to provide fuel for the muscles. This work was aimed at providing information on the values of liver function indices and lipid profile in apparently healthy ageing men residing within Kogi Eastern zone of Nigeria. This is as a result of the curiosity to know and make comparison between their parameters with those of the standard/reference or normal laboratory values. The subjects were divided into different groups 25 – 75 years and the mean and standard deviation of each parameter was calculated. Test for Liver function and lipid profile were carried out to determine the level of alkaline phosphatase, AST, ALT, TG, LDL, HDL and VLDL. There was a significant increase (p &lt; 0.05) in the alkaline phosphatase of group 6 (75 years and above) when compared to the standard while the AST and ALT showed no significant difference. The lipid profile showed no significant difference as they were in tandem with the reference values.&#x0D; Keywords: Low Density Lipoprotein, High Density Lipoprotein, Triacylglycerides, Very Low Density Lipoprotein, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine Aminotransferase

Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction Associated with Hepatic Large Granular Lymphocytic Lymphoma in a Cat

Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction Associated with Hepatic Large Granular Lymphocytic Lymphoma in a Cat

Clinical management and susceptibility of primary hepatic lymphoma: A cases-based retrospective study

BACKGROUNDThe liver as a primary site of lymphoma is rarely seen, they are usually misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. In 2017, a review of primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) was done in immunocompetent diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Yet questions that include treatment choosing or susceptibility of immunoincompetent patients remain disputable. AIMTo investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with PHL.METHODSWe collected PHL cases on PubMed, and extracted demographic and clinicopathological data to perform a systematic analysis. Survival analysis regarding age, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), liver function abnormality (LFA), and treatment modalities were conducted. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used to identify risk factors. RESULTSOf 116 PHL patients with DLBCL (62.1%) as the most common subtype. Biopsy methods before surgery produced a 97% positive rate. Progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly shortened in patients with elevated LDH [Hazard ratio (HR): 3.076, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.207-7.840, P = 0.018] or LFA (HR: 2.909, 95%CI: 1.135-7.452, P = 0.026). Univariate Cox regression analysis suggesting that LDH, liver function, B symptom, hepatosplenomegaly, and lesion were significantly associated with PHL patients survival (P < 0.05). Heavy disease burden was observed in deceased patients. A few PHL patients (3.4%) have slightly higher tumor markers.CONCLUSIONPHL patients with elevated LDH and LFA tend to have shorter PFS. Biopsy before treatment in undecided patients with no tumor markers exceeds upper limits has the most essential clinical significance, especially in immunoincompetent patients.

Novel clonality assays for T cell lymphoma in cats targeting the T cell receptor beta, T cell receptor delta, and T cell receptor gamma loci.

BackgroundT cell clonality assays in veterinary medicine currently target only the T cell receptor gamma (TRG) locus. Existing assays have suboptimal sensitivity because of insufficient primer coverage of all possible rearrangements.ObjectiveDevelop higher sensitivity clonality assays targeting the TRG, delta (TRD), and beta (TRB) loci in cats.AnimalsCats with histopathologically confirmed lymphoma (n = 89), non‐lymphoma (n = 35), and possible hepatic small cell lymphoma (n = 31).MethodsMolecular clonality assay development utilizing our recently reported topology and expressed repertoire data of the T cell receptor loci in cats. Determination of clonality status of lymphoma, non lymphoma, and possible hepatic small cell lymphoma samples, and calculation of assay sensitivity and specificity.ResultsThe new multiplex TRG assay yielded the highest sensitivity (95.5%). All assays yielded 100% specificity except for the new multiplex TRG assay (97.3%). The combination of the new TRG and TRB assays yielded sensitivity of 98.9% and specificity of 97.0%. The new TRG assay detected clonality in 17/31 possible small cell lymphoma livers, whereas an existing TRG assay detected clonality in 6/31 livers.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe assessment of multiple T cell loci compensates for the potential shortcomings of individual assays. Using a combination of molecular clonality assays will increase the overall sensitivity for the diagnosis of T‐cell lymphoma in cats, especially intestinal, and hepatic small cell lymphoma. Hepatic small cell lymphomas detected by the new TRG assay utilized rarely expressed V and J genes not recognized by previous assays, likely indicating unique biology of hepatic small cell lymphoma in cats.

HEPATIC LYPHOMA: TWO CASES REPORT

Introduction: Hepatic lymphoma is defined as primary when there is an attack on the liver without affecting the spleen, the bone marrow or another lymphatic organ. The primary hepatic attack is a very rare variant estimated at 1% of all extra lymphomas. Case report: We report two cases, the first concerning a patient aged 65 years, without pathological history, admitted for chronic abdominal pain associated with a febrile syndrome, the initial diagnosis revealed a liver tumor at the level of segment I. The patient was operated, the pathological examination of an extemporaneous biopsy concluded to a primitive lymphoma of the liver. The patient was referred to oncology for chemotherapy. Her evolution was satisfactory with a 2-year follow-up. The second patient, 50 years old, without notable pathological history, admitted for generalized jaundice, the physical examination reports a palpable mass in the right hypochondrium. The initial diagnosis revealed the presence of a process involving segment I of the liver, an echo endoscopy showed several mesenteric celiomentaladenopathies and a main biliary tract with stenosis, a sphincterotomy was scheduled, an anatomopathological examination with complementary immunohistochemical study showed a diffuse large cell B lymphoma and the patient was referred to the oncology department. Discussion: Lymphomas of the liver is a rare condition. They predominate in middle- aged adults and males. Clinical presentations are diverse. Radiological aspects and biological disturbances are variable. Treatment modalities are variable, combining surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusion: The diagnosis of lymphomas of the liver is difficult. The therapeutic decision must take into account the extent of the disease, the general condition of the patient. Chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment.

Rare presentation of primary hepatic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and membranous glomerulopathy in a 3-year-old boy

Abstract Introduction/Objective Primary hepatic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZL) is a rare entity that has been described with chronic inflammatory disorders such as chronic viral hepatitides B and C and primary biliary cholangitis. We report MZL in a 3-year-old African-American boy that was discovered incidentally at autopsy. Methods/Case Report The patient first came to medical attention at 9-months of age with bilateral periorbital edema that progressed to generalized edema of the[PL1] face, extremities, and abdomen. Laboratory testing showed nephrotic syndrome with massive proteinuria (50-60 g/day). A percutaneous renal biopsy specimen showed membranous glomerulopathy with PLA2R detected by immunofluorescence, and granular IgG deposition along tubular basement membranes. Serum was negative for anti-PLA2R antibodies. The patient suffered recurrent upper respiratory tract infections requiring several intensive care hospitalizations. At 3 years of age, he was transported unresponsive and pulseless to the emergency department where he was pronounced dead. A brother with the infantile nephrotic syndrome had died from sepsis at 2 years of age. Suspicion of abuse led to an autopsy by the medical examiner, who discovered nodular masses in the right and left liver lobes, which histologically showed a serpiginous infiltrate of small B-lymphocytes positive for CD20, CD43 admixed with plasmacytoid cells with kappa light chain restriction. There were no extrahepatic tumors. Transmission electron microscopy of glomeruli showed membranous glomerulopathy. Kidneys showed dense reactive interstitial lymphocytic infiltrate with germinal centers Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MZL presenting in a pediatric patient with membranous glomerulopathy. Both diagnoses are associated with autoimmune diseases and persistent, chronic inflammation. Recurrent infections in this patient suggest an immunoregulatory disorder, setting the stage for chronic inflammation, as seen in the kidney, with progression to MZL in the liver.

The Rare Face of an Infrequent Lymphoma Diagnosed by an Exquisite Method: Case Report with Review of Literature

AbstractLarge B-cell lymphomas include both the commonly encountered, as well as not so frequent entities. We report a rare case of hepatic intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL). These cases usually pose a major challenge to timely diagnosis due to the limited clinical exposure and nonspecific symptoms; however, timely diagnosis is possible with awareness of this entity and close coordination between radiology and pathology. The patient presented with pain abdomen, fever, edema, hepatomegaly but no lymphadenopathy or cutaneous lesions were identified. Blood investigations revealed pancytopenia, high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and bone marrow investigations were not helpful. Left-sided portal hypertension, coagulopathy, and hypoalbuminemia raised a clinical suspicion of chronic liver disease with high LDH levels and liver biopsy was challenging in view of very low platelet counts. The uniquely explored transjugular biopsy helped in obtaining liver tissue which showed sinusoidal large atypical lymphoid cells positive for CD20 rendering a diagnosis of IVLBCL. After administration of the R-miniCHOP chemotherapy, there was evident clinical and radiological response. This case highlights the importance of considering transjugular liver biopsy in scenarios where the clinical presentation is unusual. At the same time, a meticulous histological examination is needed to diagnose a rare yet potentially treatable large B cell lymphoma.

Primary hepatic lymphoma with anemia and hypoproteinemia: A case report

Primary hepatic lymphoma with anemia and hypoproteinemia: A case report

Hepatic Lesion of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Revealed by Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT.

A middle-aged man was newly diagnosed with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with secondary liver involvement. The hepatic lesion was not shown on FDG PET/CT but FAPI (fibroblast-activated protein inhibitor) PET/CT, which revealed abnormal FAPI accumulation. This case demonstrated that FAPI PET/CT might provide value in hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

Comparison between computed tomographic and ultrasonographic findings of the liver and spleen in dogs with confirmed hepatic or splenic lymphoma involvement.

Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US) may be used to assist staging in dogs with lymphoma. The imaging features of splenic and hepatic infiltration have never been directly compared in the same population of dogs. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe and compare the CT and US findings of the liver and spleen in dogs with confirmed hepatic and/or splenic lymphoma and compare imaging and cytological diagnoses. CT and US studies of 18 dogs with multicentric lymphoma involving the liver and/or the spleen were retrospectively evaluated. US detected abnormalities more frequently than CT in the spleen with lymphoma, whereas CT detected abnormalities more frequently in the liver with lymphoma. The two diagnostic imaging modalities often disagreed in the findings, including the imaging classification of the organ as normal or abnormal. US and CT often disagree in the imaging findings present in hepatic and splenic lymphoma. The results of this study suggest that cytologic evaluation of both the liver and spleen is advisable regardless of their US or CT appearance for detection of lymphoma.