Henna Research Articles

Two cases of henna tattoo⁃induced allergic contact dermatitis

Two cases of henna tattoo⁃induced allergic contact dermatitis

Local Wisdom In Malam Berinai Tradition In Malay Society, Tanjungbalai, North Sumatera, Indonesia

Malam Berinai tradition is part of a traditional wedding ceremony in Malay society. The tradition of malam berinai which is a series of ceremonies is held on the evenings before the wedding ceremony. Malam berinai becomes a very important part in the ceremony to give a signal to the bride. Giving henna to the bride is an attempt to give a sign to the bride as well as the blessing of the family to allow the bride and groom set up a new life. In addition, malam berinai is thanking and praying to God asking for the succesful of the marriage ceremony the next day, away from all obstacles and barriers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the form of local wisdom contained in traditional Malay society malam berinai in Tanjungbalai. This study used a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. Ethnographic approach is the work of describing a culture. The main objective of this activity is to understand a way of life from the perspective of indigenous people. The results show there are four forms of local wisdom in this malam berinai tradition, they are manners, gratitude, mutual help, and care for the environment. The fourth local wisdom is to serve the Malay Tanjungbalai to guide their lives in society and country.

The ultrastructural effects of long-term use of henna on the albino rat skin.

Tattooing with henna is a routine practice in the Arab world. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have evaluated the adverse histological effects following henna tattooing on the ultrastructure of the skin. The objectives of this study were to diagnose the cytopathological alterations induced by commercial henna and to investigate the adverse role of henna when combined with sun ray on the skin. The skin of albino rats was tattooed with natural and black henna for three months, skin samples were examined by transmission electron microscope. In addition, the concentration of lead in henna samples was estimated by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results expanded the understanding of the pathogenesis of henna-induced phytophotodermatitis. We hypothesized that henna-associated additives penetrated the epidermal barrier to gain access to the vascular dermis where the harmful ingredients became concentrated, leading to skin pathology through a dual mechanism. First, these ingredients became re-transported into the epidermis through vesicular trafficking leading to dermo-epidermal blistering and cytoplasmic vacuolization of the stratum basal cells. Following this, cytoplasmic vacuoles poured their content into the nuclei through continuities with the perinuclear cisterna, possibly leading to genetic mutation. The progression of keratinocytes into the next layers became associated with nuclear and cytoplasmic signs of apoptosis with subsequent phagocytosis in other epidermal cells, most probably keratinocytes. The second mechanism of injury was mediated through accumulation of inflammatory cells around capillaries in the dermis with the release of angiogenic and mitogenic mediators resulting in vasculopathy.

Research on the association between per-capita tobacco consumption among the permanent residents and lung cancer mortality in Henan province

To study the relationship of per-capita tobacco consumption and lung cancer mortality in Henan province, and to provide evidence for policy development on tobacco control and reduction of lung cancer mortality. Data regarding lung cancer mortality and per-capita tobacco consumption among household residents from 1992 to 2011, was collected from published almanacs in Henan and Henan Tumor Institutes. Trend Method was used to analyze the development of lung cancer in Henan province and the trend of per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household. 'Spearman rank correlation' was used to analyze the correlation between per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household from 1992 to 2001 and the lung cancer mortality rates from 2002 to 2011, with the lag time unite as 10 years in this study. Cure Estimation was used to fit the model regarding the relationship between per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household and lung cancer. Lung cancer mortality among those permanent residents in Henan province increased from 14.75/100 000 in 1992 to 27.00/100 000 in 2011, with an increase of 83.05%. Both the trend of per-capita tobacco consumption among the permanent residents and the lung cancer mortality were uprising, with the tobacco consumption showing a lag effect to the lung cancer mortality. Correlation coefficient between the per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household from 1992 to 2001 and the lung cancer mortality from 2002 to 2011 was rs = 0.770, P = 0.009 < 0.05, with statistically significant difference. Along with the uprising trend of lung cancer mortality, the per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household was also parallelly rising with the equation of relevance between per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household in Henna province and lung cancer as ŷ = 2.60 x(0.46) (F = 576.483) and the R(2) was 0.667. Per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household in Henan province appeared a factor that influencing the lung cancer mortality and an association between the per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household and lung cancer was noticed. Tobacco consumption had a lag trend to the mortality of lung cancer.

The "henna stone" myth

The "henna stone" myth

A systematic review of treatment options for dermal photosensitivity in erythropoietic protoporphyria.

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare inherited disease characterized by dermal photosensitivity due to the accumulation of photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX. We performed a systematic database search on studies related to treatment of EPP. A total of 25 relevant studies were retrieved, 16 of them dealing with the application of beta-carotene. Two studies were found on each of the three substances, n-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), cysteine, and dihydroxyacetone/Lawson (henna). In addition, single studies on vitamin C, canthaxanthin and UVB treatment respectively, were located. The total number of patients in the 25 studies was 454, including 337 patients in the various beta-carotene trials. Most studies were published in the 1970's. Efficacy criteria were not standardized. Only 5 of the 25 studies were randomized and controlled trials; the rest were either open-label, uncontrolled studies or retrospective case reports. Four of the five well-designed studies suggested lack of efficacy of beta-carotene, NAC and vitamin C. The results of the beta-carotene studies were strongly contradictory and efficacy was inversely correlated with study quality. Our data confirm the opinion of experts in the field who are much more skeptical as to its efficacy than were early proponents of treatment with this agent. We conclude, that the available data are insufficient to prove efficacy of any treatments studied so far in EPP. We emphasize the necessity of high quality efficacy studies in porphyrias and in other rare diseases.

Hazards of Henna

Hazards of Henna