Abstract: Background: The quality of hemodialysis patient nursing care should be consistent with national standards of care, which are used as a starting point for better, more exceptional practice, and adherence ensures efficacy. Aim: To assess nurses' knowledge, practice, and compliance with aseptic technique for hemodialysis patients. Design: Descriptive research design was used. Setting: The research was carried out in a hemodialysis unit at Assiut University Hospital in Egypt. A convenience sample of 40 nurses was taken. Tools: (1) Nurses' questionnaire, (2) Observation Checklist Sheet, (3) Assessment of Nurses' Aseptic Technique Compliance Sheet. Results: The majority of them had a diploma education with ≥10 years of experience and 75% attained infection control training programs. 55% of the studied nurses had a poor knowledge level about infection control regarding hemodialysis and not compliance to standard precaution for patients undergoing hemodialysis. Conclusion: Majority of the nurses had a poor level of knowledge regarding infection control in hemodialysis unit, aseptic techniques were noncompliance to the standard of nursing care for hemodialysis patient. Recommendations: Continuous education and refreshment for nurses' knowledge and practice regarding infection control education in hemodialysis units