Hematological Studies Research Articles

Haematology and histology studies on Moringa oleifera leaves and bark extracts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats

Alterations in haematological parameters are frequently observed in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Oxidative stress has been identified as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of organ damage and haematological dysfunction associated with DM. As a result, the potential positive impact of Moringa oleifera, a medicinal plant known for its antioxidant properties, on haematological parameters and kidney function in diabetic rats was investigated. A total of thirty-five rats were divided into seven groups, each consisting of five rats. Group I was administered only distilled water, while groups II to VII were induced with a single dose of 60mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Subsequently, groups II to VI were treated with 150 mg/kg Moringa oleifera leaf methanol extract, 150 mg/kg Moringa oleifera bark methanol extract, 300 mg/kg Moringa oleifera leaf, 300 mg/kg Moringa oleifera bark, and metformin, respectively. The results showed positive modulation to most of the haematology parameters evaluated except neutrophils and lymphocytes by the treatments. The leaf extract showed a more significant modulation of platelets than other treatments. The histology of the kidney showed normal structure for all the treatments. Moringa oleifera especially the leaf extract is promising in the treatment of DM

Dogs may carry Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major in their blood circulation: a molecular and hematological study

BackgroundDogs may be infected with species of Leishmania parasites that are disseminated through blood circulation and invade the internal organs. In this study, we aim to detect the parasite in the blood of dogs using the PCR technique. The present work was performed from February 2022 to May 2023 in Fars Province, southern Iran, where the disease is endemic.ResultsIn total, 7(5.1%) out of 135 blood samples, six were identified as Leishmania tropica and one as Leishmania major. We found no trace of Leishmania infantum, which is always known for visceral infection. In addition, no sign of cutaneous lesions or a significant disease was seen in the animals infected with both species. Of 48 dogs with anemia, two were Leishmania positive. The mean value of hematological parameters in the infected dogs was within the normal range except for a significant reduction in the platelet measures (p < 0.05).ConclusionsOur data revealed that both Leishmania species, tropica and major, may manifest as viscerotropic leishmaniasis. More investigations are needed to understand the conditions under which these species choose the type of infection. Moreover, our data emphasize the role of asymptomatic dogs in carrying these parasites, a crucial factor in spreading the disease.

Assessment of toxic interaction of lead and chromium metals in binary mixture in quails: A hematological study

Assessment of toxic interaction of lead and chromium metals in binary mixture in quails: A hematological study

Saffron (Crocus Sativus Linnaeus) based protection against Aflatoxin B1 induced organ damage in rats

Saffron is well-known for its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Saffron's nutritional and medicinal properties support its numerous uses as a flavouring and herbal remedy. This study investigated the protective efficacy of saffron administration against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced toxicity in adult male Wistar albino rats during an experimental period of 21 days. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a common mycotoxin of soils and foodstuffs. Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups (Control group, AFB1 group, Saffron group, and AFB1+ Saffron group), and their body weights were measured on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. Blood samples were collected on the 21st day for haematological and biochemical studies (testosterone, kidney and liver function tests, and oxidative stress markers). Tissue samples from testes, liver, and kidney were subjected to histological examinations. The results depicted a significant decrease in the body weights after 7, 14, and 21 days of Saffron, AFB1, and AFB1+ Saffron treatments in comparison to control. Haematological investigations showed that basophils, platelets, monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils greatly increased compared to the control group, whereas neutrophils and eosinophils dramatically decreased. There was a significant rise in the serum levels of uric acid, creatinine, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde. Contrarily, testosterone levels notably reduced in AFB1-administered rats as compared to controls. AFB1 group exhibited several histological modifications in testes, liver, and kidney tissues. Oxidative stress biomarkers, testosterone, kidney and liver functions, and haematological parameters of the AFB1+ Saffron group remained similar to the control group. Kidney and liver tissues of Saffron-treated rats also displayed normal structure similar to the control group, which confirmed its protective efficacy against AFB1-induced toxicity. Saffron's bioactive components and antioxidant and pharmacological properties might have contributed to its promising anti-AFB1-toxicity potential.

Dried Chlorella powder supplementation: Impact on broiler chicken growth, health, and intestinal microflora

The use of dried Chlorella as an immune and growth stimulant to enhance nonspecific host defense mechanisms or as an antimicrobial to inhibit bacterial growth has been reported. This study aimed to assess the effects of dried Chlorella powder (DCP) supplementation on the growth, health, and intestinal microflora of commercial broiler chicks, comparing a diet containing DCP with an antibiotic-based diet. A total of 120 pieces day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were reared at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Poultry Farm, Dhaka, and randomly divided into four experimental groups of three replicates each, with 10 chicks per replication. One group was fed a control diet, while the remaining three groups were fed diets with 0.5% and 1.0% DCP, and antibiotics, respectively. Results indicated significant (P&lt;0.05) improvements in body weight and dressing percentage with DCP inclusion compared to control-fed broilers. A linear increase in body weight was observed with higher DCP levels, with birds on the 1% DCP diet achieving superior body weights (1665.13±8.82) compared to the control and antibiotic groups. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and feed consumption were also significantly (P&lt;0.05) improved, with the best FCR at 1% DCP (1.37±0.01) and the highest FCR in the control group (1.45±0.00). The highest feed consumption was noted in the control group. No significant (P&gt;0.05) differences were observed in the relative weight of spleen and bursa among the groups. DCP had no significant (P&gt;0.05) effects on liver, gizzard, intestine, and heart weights. Hematological studies revealed no significant (P&gt;0.05) differences, except for Hemoglobin and Red Blood Cells (RBC), which were significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased by DCP compared to control and antibiotic groups. DCP supplementation significantly (P&lt;0.05) reduced E. coli and Salmonella sp. counts while increasing Lactobacillus sp. counts. Additionally, treatments with DCP significantly (P&lt;0.05) boosted Newcastle disease (ND) titre levels compared to the control group. The study showed that DCP can be effectively replaced antibiotics in broiler diets, enhancing growth, health, and immune response, thereby promoting sustainable and safer poultry production practices.

Bioaccumulation of Deltamethrin and Piperonyl butoxide in Labeo rohita fish

Deltamethrin (DLM), in combination with the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO), is extensively used in pest control programs due to its potent pesticidal properties and appreciable safety margin. However, various research studies report their adverse effects on non-target organisms. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of DLM, PBO, and a DLM-PBO (3:1) combination on Labeo rohita (L. rohita) fish fingerlings. Fish behavior and mortality rates were recorded at different time intervals up to 96 h for concentrations of 0.003, 0.007, 0.015, 0.031, and 0.062 µg/mL, respectively. Biochemical, hematological, and histopathological studies were carried out. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect and quantify residues in fish samples. The LC50 values after 48 h for DLM, PBO, and DLM-PBO exposed fish fingerlings were found to be 0.028, 0.066, and 0.007 µg/mL, respectively. At a concentration of 0.003 µg/mL of DLM, PBO, and DLM-PBO, the treated fish fingerlings exhibited similar behavior to the control group. Hematological parameters, such as red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts, were reduced in the treated groups compared to the control. Biochemical parameters showed increased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), while total serum protein levels decreased in DLM, PBO, and DLM-PBO treated fingerlings. Histopathological examination of liver, gill, and heart tissues revealed lesions with hydropic degeneration in the liver and fusions of gill lamellae in the treated tissues. Fish fingerlings exposed to the DLM-PBO combination appeared highly prone to toxicity compared to those treated with DLM and PBO separately.

Treatment of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli infected broilers with aqueous extracts of Vernonia amygdalina in a challenge experiment

Colibacillosis, which is the leading cause of infectious diseases resulting in mortality and economic losses in poultry is triggered by Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Conventionally, antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) are incorporated into poultry diets to control infectious diseases and boost performance. However, because of the problem of antimicrobial resistance, synthetic antibiotics are now restricted or banned in animal production in some countries. In this study, we carried out a challenge experiment by inoculating healthy broilers with APEC (106 cfu/mL) by oral gavage on day 21 of the experiment and orally administering various treatments five days post challenge for five days; synthetic antibiotics (T2), Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) extracts (T3), no treatment (T4), which were compared with the control that wasn’t challenged (T1). The experiment lasted for 42 days. Performance, hematological and histological studies were carried out. The results show that the challenged birds became diseased with the development of visible lesions, which ameliorated over time to varying extents with the use of synthetic antibiotics and Vernonia treatments. Overall, the performance of the birds with the use of Vernonia (T3) was comparable with that of synthetic antibiotics (T2) without eliciting any adverse hematological effects on the broilers. We therefore conclude that Vernonia can be safely used as a supplement for disease prevention in broiler chicken production

Hematological and biochemical studies of lumpy skin disease virus infection in cattle

Hematological and biochemical studies of lumpy skin disease virus infection in cattle

Haematological and biochemical studies on Justicia secunda infusion used in treatment of anaemia

The effect of ethanolic and infusion of Justicia secunda leaves in the animal organs was investigated using standard analytical protocols. A total of 40 albino rats divided into four groups of five rats each comprising one normal groups and three groups treated with 125, 250 and 500mg/kg body weight respectively. The infusion of J. secunda leaves was prepared using conventional methods. The hematological, biochemical and histological studies were also carried out as reported in previous literatures. The findings confirmed that Justicia secunda leaves are not toxic at the doses administered, there were significant concentrations of essential minerals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, and sulfur. The hematological study conducted on the infusion of the leaves revealed several positive effects on blood parameters in experimental rats. The extract significantly P&lt;0.05 elevated hemoglobin and platelet count, particularly at higher doses, compared to the control group. The liver function tests showed no significant alterations in AST, ALT, TP, and ALB levels; however, the infusion resulted in some alterations in ALP activity and total bilirubin concentration. The histopathological examination of liver tissues showed mild congestion and degenerative changes in higher dose groups, indicating potential dose-dependent hepatomegaly and stress on hepatic architecture.

Effects of Complementary Foods Formulation Produced from Malted and Fermented Acha (Digitaria exilis) Flours Supplemented with Soybeans (Glycine max) Flour on Haematological and Histological Parameters of Albino Rats

Flours were prepared from malted and germinated acha grains (Digitaria exilis) and were supplemented with soybeans (Glycine max) flour as the complementary foods. The appropriate ratios of combination of the flours were achieved by material balancing. Four food products were formulated and named as Unmalted Unfermented Acha Soybean (UMUFAS), Malted Unfermented Acha Soybean (MUFAS), Malted Fermented Acha Soybean (MFAS) and Unmalted Fermented Acha Soybean (UMFAS). Thirty-five (35) Wister strain of albino rats were grouped into seven groups of five rats per cage and were fed with the formulated blends. The animals were also fed with (Nestle Cerelac), Unmalted Unfermented Acha flour (UMUFA) and Soybean flour which served as controls. The rats in different groups were placed under the same conditions and were fed with eight hundred (840g) of food for 28 days. Haematological and histological parameters of the kidney and liver of the rats fed were examined to assess the suitability of these formulated diets as a possible substitute for the proprietary infant foods. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to establish any significant difference in the analytical data for formulated and control diets (p&lt;0.05). The results also showed that the formulated blends did not impair any significant organ of the rats as indicated by the haematological and histological studies.

Clinical and Haematological Study of Hijama-Bi’l-Shart (Wet Cupping) In the Management of Pain

Background: This randomized clinical and haematological study evaluated the effect of Hijama-Bil-Shart (Wet Cupping) on musculoskeletal pain and inflammatory markers in venous and cupped blood. Materials and Methods: 110 patients with musculoskeletal pain were screened, with 90 diagnosed and included. After 30 subjects were lost to follow-up, 60 completed the study. Participants received 4 weekly sessions of wet cupping therapy over 4 weeks. Pain intensity was measured using VAS and KOOS scores, and inflammatory markers (Serum uric acid &amp; CRP) were assessed in venous and cupped blood. Results: Pain relief, measured by VAS, showed significant improvement across various musculoskeletal conditions: cervical spondylosis, frozen shoulder, low backache, sciatic pain, knee osteoarthritis, gout, and rheumatoid arthritis. KOOS scores for knee osteoarthritis improved significantly. Serum uric acid levels in venous blood were suggestively insignificant, while CRP levels decreased gradually but were not statistically significant. No adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: Hijama-Bil-Shart (wet cupping) therapy is effective in relieving musculoskeletal pain and improving quality of life. It shows long-term benefits with sustained pain relief and gradual reduction in CRP levels. However, it is not effective in significantly reducing raised serum uric acid levels. Keywords: Musculoskeletal pain, Wet cupping, VAS, KOOS, Hijama-Bil-Shart, CRP

Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Toxicity in Mice Is Dependent on Protein Corona Composition and Host Immunity.

Two-dimension graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets with high and low serum protein binding profiles (high/low hard-bound protein corona/HChigh/low) are used in this study as model materials and screening tools to investigate the underlying roles of the protein corona on nanomaterial toxicities in vivo. We proposed that the in vivo biocompatibility/nanotoxicity of GO is protein corona-dependent and host immunity-dependent. The hypothesis was tested by injecting HChigh/low GO nanosheets in immunocompetent ICR/CD1 and immunodeficient NOD-scid II2rγnull mice and performed histopathological and hematological evaluation studies on days 1 and 14 post-injection. HClow GO induced more severe acute lung injury compared to HChigh GO in both immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice, with the effect being particularly pronounced in immunocompetent animals. Additionally, HClow GO caused more significant liver injury in both types of mice, with immunodeficient mice being more susceptible to its hepatotoxic effects. Moreover, administration of HClow GO resulted in increased hematological toxicity and elevated levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines in immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice, respectively. Correlation studies were conducted to explore the impact of distinct protein corona compositions on resulting toxicities in both immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. This facilitated the identification of consistent patterns, aligning with those observed in vitro, thus indicating a robust in vitro-in vivo correlation. This research will advance our comprehension of how hard corona proteins interact with immune cells, leading to toxicity, and will facilitate the development of improved immune-modulating nanomaterials for therapeutic purposes.

Пути реализации генетического потенциала пород и кроссов птицы на основе использования новых видов кормовых средств

Purpose. Work out ways to realize the genetic potential of breeds and crosses of poultry of meat and egg directions of productivity based on the use of new types of feed products, taking into account the analysis of the dynamics of the microbiome at the level of taxonomic types of microorganisms. Materials and Methods. Studies on the inclusion of prebiotic feed additive "Laktuvet" and mineral feed additive "Saponit" were conducted in the conditions of the SS "Svetly" of the CJSC "Agrofirma "Vostok" of the Volgograd Region on "Hysex Brown" cross laying hens. Scientific experiment on the effect of the additive "Quercetinolact" on the growth and development of meat chickens was conducted on broilers of "Ross-308" cross in the vivarium of VRIMMP. Zootechnical, clinical and biochemical research methods were used in the research work. Hematological studies were carried out in certified laboratory on automatic biochemical analyzers using an appropriate set of biochemical reagents. The obtained results were processed using software, calculating the mean value (M), standard errors of the mean (±SEM) and determining the reliability criterion of difference according to Student-Fisher. Results. Adding the prebiotic feed additive "Laktuvet" to the feed of laying hens in an amount of 0.5% in the diet structure contributed to an increase in the gross collection of eggs and the intensity of egg laying by 1.84 (85 eggs) and 1.74%, egg weight – by 1.17 g (1.86%; P≤0.001) due to an increase in the number of microorganisms by 22.9%. Among them, the number of bacteria of Actinobacteria, Lactobacillales and Ruminococcaceae groups increased by 9.0; 1.8 and 1.4 times compared to the control, respectively. Taking into account the data obtained, new feed additive “Quercetinolact” was tested in feeding broiler chickens of Ross-308 cross. Chickens that received Quercetinolact additive exceeded their counterparts in control group in live weight by 4.13 (P≤0.001); 5.19 (P≤0.001) and 5.48% (P≤0.001), which in absolute terms amounted to 108.1; 136.1 and 142.8 g. In terms of meat yield in live weight, the superiority amounted to 3.07; 3.65 and 3.82%, respectively, feed savings per 1 kg of gain 3.66; 6.10 and 6.71%. Mineral feed additive "Saponit" in feeding laying hens in the amount of 1 and 3 kg per ton of feed contributed to an increase in egg productivity by 1.58 and 2.37%, respectively, egg laying intensity – by 1.20 and 2.01%, and gross yield eggs – 90 (1.18%) and 150 pcs. (1.97%), egg weight – by 1.16 and 1.49%. Conclusion. The use of natural mineral complexes and prebiotic feed additives in the diets of chickens of egg and meat breeds and crosses in order to realize the genetic potential and taking into account the analysis of microbiome dynamics at the level of taxonomic types of microorganisms is advisable.

Hematological Studies on the Effect of Some Agents Used in Treatment of Thyroid Disorders in Rats

Hematological Studies on the Effect of Some Agents Used in Treatment of Thyroid Disorders in Rats

Treatment of functional disorders of gastrointestinal tract of calves with complex phytomineral preparation

Significant economic losses due to diarrhoea morbidity in newborn young animals lead to a decrease in the profitability of the sector in the structure of agricultural production. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create and investigate the therapeutic effect of application of complex phytomineral preparation using local components: opoka of Taskala deposit and decoction of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum) for treatment of diarrhoea in calves. The therapeutic effect of the preparation was studied in the conditions of dairy farm in Kyzylorda region on 5-7-day-old calves. The effect of the preparation was studied in a comparative aspect with an analogous preparation of imported production and the results obtained from healthy animals. Clinical, haematological, and biochemical methods of investigation were employed. The findings obtained suggest a high therapeutic effect of the created preparation. Its application allowed reducing the duration of the treatment period by 5-7 days compared to the imported preparation and restoring the positive dynamics of average daily gain as early as on the 5th day after the start of treatment. Haematological studies indicate stimulation of the immune system in animals that was manifested by a 14% increase in the count of lymphocytes and a 37% increase in the proteins of the γ-globulin fraction compared to healthy animals. These indices suggest an increase in the activity of the humoral part of the immune system in animals after treatment with the preparation. Another positive therapeutic effect of the preparation was observed in the protective effect on the liver of diseased animals. Despite the present effect of both preparations, the decrease in the activity of markers characterising hepatocyte destruction was higher with the Kazakh preparation. Thus, the created preparation is characterised by a higher therapeutic effect in comparison with the imported preparation and allow recommending it for treatment and prevention of diarrhoea in young animals

Clinical, hematological and some biochemical alterations of Rotavirus group A in newborn buffalo calves

Background: Infectious diarrhea of newborns calves is one of the biggest health problems in beef and dairy industries in Basrah, Iraq, Group A rotavirus considers major cause of gastroenteritis in newborn calve of buffalo in the world, leading to serious economic losses specifically in developing countries. The infection has short incubation period, non-viremic, and profuse diarrhea.Methods: Buffalo calves with diarrhea were carefully examined and a sample of their excrement was collected for this particular study. The calves ranged in age from one to thirty days and were equally split between males and females. We found out whether the calves were girls or boys. The calves' ages were considered throughout the sorting process; they originated from different regions of Iraq's Basrah governorate. Moreover, they were further separated into four separate age groups. Blood samples were collected from calves infected with rotavirus so that the objectives of this research could be fulfilled. Biochemical and hematological studies were the intended purposes of the blood sample collection. Finding out how these samples fared in comparison to the control samples in the group was the next stage. Laboratory diagnostics used real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while field diagnostics used a rotavirus antigen fast test kit. Both techniques were used in tandem.Results: With the use of a field-based rotavirus antigen fast detection kit and real-time polymerase chain reaction, 19 out of 30 samples tested positive for rotavirus antigen. Nineteen out of one hundred samples came back positive. Along with it, the highest infection rates were recorded in January (30.7%) and among children aged five to fourteen (27.5%). The afflicted males and females did not vary significantly from one another statistically. The clinical signs of infected calves were also documented. Symptoms included anorexia with or without a loss of suckling ability, lose or somewhat solid stools, mucous, and a milky or light-yellow color. Some of the other symptoms included signs of dehydration, although to varying degrees. Nothing stood out while comparing the patients' vital indicators. In the infected group, sodium levels dropped significantly, and monocyte and lymphocyte production skyrocketed. If we look at potassium levels, we see that there was no statistically significant difference between the infected and control groups. Infected calves had substantially greater levels of red blood cell count, panel C viral load, hemoglobin B, and total lipid content (TLC) when compared with healthy calves.Conclusion: The study record and suggests the role of rotavirus group A as a serious cause of diarrhea in newborns buffalo calves in Basrah governorate, Iraq.Keywords: Rotavirus; Group A; Buffalo; Basrah Governorate

The study of single nucleotide polymorphism in a promoter region of ACE-2 receptor gene in the samples of Iraqi population with COVID-19.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an essential receptor on the host cell's cell membrane. It's interesting to note that the entry point receptor ACE2 protein and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus are correlated. This study aimed to determine the influence of the ACE gene genotype and explore the effects of genetic variation in the promotor region of the ACE-2 gene receptor in SARS COV-2 patients. The 225 participants were categorized into two groups (75 infected and 150 control) according to the results of Real Time -polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), IgM, and IgG, also included two types of samples were collected for diagnosis hematological and molecular study. The hematological and biochemical parameters showed significant differences between the two studied groups according to D. dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells (WBC), lymphocyte, packed cell volume (PCV) (P˂0.0001), also red blood cell (RBC) (P = 0.0034). While the results of hemoglobin (HB) and platelet displayed non-significant differences between the two groups (p value 0.6811 and 0.9201 respectively). In addition, the sequencing result in the promotor of the ACE-2 gene detected novel eight polymorphisms and recorded them in NCBI under no. (ON959139). The ACE D/D polymorphism associated with increased levels of ACE could represent a genetic risk factor in addition the discovery stems from the prospect that genetic differences could lead to differing responses to COVID-19 therapies.

Hematological and neurological impact studies on the exposure to naturally occurring radioactive materials

Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) contribute to everyone's natural background radiation dose. The technologically advanced activities of the gas and oil sectors produce considerable amounts of radioactive materials as industrial by-products or waste products. The goal of the current study is to estimate the danger of long-term liability to Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TE-NORM) on blood indices, neurotransmitters, oxidative stress markers, and β-amyloid in the cerebral cortex of rats' brains. Twenty adult male albino rats were divided into two equal groups (n = 10): control and irradiated. Irradiated rats were exposed to a total dose of 0.016 Gy of TE-NORM as a whole-body chronic exposure over a period of two months. It should be ''The results showed no significant changes in RBC count, Hb concentration, hematocrit percentage (HCT%), and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC). However, there was a significant increase in the Mean Corpuscular Volume of RBCs (MCV) and a significant decrease in cell distribution width (RDW%) compared to the control. Alteration in neurotransmitters is noticeable by a significant increase in glutamic acid and significant decreases in serotonin and dopamine. Increased lipid peroxidation, decreased glutathione content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities indicating oxidative stress were accompanied by increased β-amyloid in the cerebral cortex of rats' brains. The findings of the present study showed that chronic radiation liability has some harmful effects, that may predict the risks of future health problems in occupational radiation exposure in the oil industries. Therefore, the control of exposure and application of sample dosimetry is recommended for health and safety.

Radioprotective activity of the liposomal composition of quercetin in acute radiation syndrome (experimental study)

Background. The targeted search for new effective radioprotective agents, especially among compounds with antioxidant properties, remains relevant. Among them, quercetin which has a high specific activity against oxidative stress (cited as a «universal antioxidant») deserves attention. The transport liposomal composition of quercetin, which significantly improves its bioavailability and is the basis of the licensed drug «Lipoflavon®» (LF), is known, but the radioprotective properties of this drug have not been studied. The purpose of the work is to position Lipoflavon as a radioprotector for the first time based on the study of radioprotective activity in an acute experiment with total irradiation of rats. Materials and methods. The rat model of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) was carried out by short-term bilateral total body irradiation (TBI) on a CLINAC (6 MeV) linear accelerator at doses of 5.5 and 7.0 Gy. The control rats were sham-irradiated. The test sample of LF was used for the studies. LF (1.5 mg/mL) was administered to rats 30 min before TBI through the tail vein. The control TBI rats were injected with physiological saline. Experimental rats were randomly assigned into groups as follows: group 1 – non-irradiated control (intact animals); group 2 – irradiated control at a dose of 5.5 Gy (TBI5.5); group 3 – irradiation at a dose of 5.5 Gy with administration of LF (LF + TBI5.5); group 4 – irradiated control at a dose of 7.0 Gy (TBI7.0); group 5 – irradiation at a dose of 7.0 Gy with administration of LF (LF + TBI7.0). Clinical characteristics of ARS, overall survival, and the mean survival time of the dead animals were determined. The profiles of lethality («peaks of death») were calculated as total rat lethality (%) in certain time periods of the ARS. In hematological studies, LF was administered 24 h prior to TBI and twice a week the next 4 weeks after TBI. The hematological parameters were monitored on days 3, 7, 14 and 21 after TBI. Results. It was established that prophylactic LF administered 30 min before TBI at doses of 5.5 and 7.0 Gy, which were LD20/30 and DL73.3/30, increased the 30-day survival rate of the irradiated rats to 90 and 40% respectively, compared to 80 and 26.7% in irradiated control, and changed the radiation lethality profile of the rats in the model of ARS. The radioprotective activity of LF manifested in the form of the absence of early and late peaks of death of the irradiated rats and the survival time of more than 30 days after the treatment in 40% of rats with LD73,3/30. Prophylactic and therapeutic administration of LF prevented development of severe leukopenia and thrombocytopenia and contributed to a more rapid and sustained recovery of erythrocytes during the period of ARS. The most efficient radioprotective therapeutic effect of LF was observed in rats with a dose of LD73.3/30. Conclusions. The results of the study substantiate the radioprotective activity of Lipoflavon in ARS and help develop the new approaches to using the licensed drug «Lipoflavon®» as an effective pharmacological therapeutic agent for radiation protection in acute radiation.

Hematological Studies on the Effect of Some Agents Against Arthritis Induced in Rats

Hematological Studies on the Effect of Some Agents Against Arthritis Induced in Rats