Helix Model Of Innovation Research Articles

The Triple Helix model for innovation: a holistic exploration of barriers and enablers

The Triple Helix model of innovation has attracted considerable attention in both developed and developing economies as an integral policy making tool to enhance innovation and promote economic development (Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff, 1997). Specifically it advocates the strengthening of the collaborative relationships between academia, industry and government to improve innovation. However, no studies have holistically examined the overall barriers and enablers in implementing, and attempting to operationalise, the Triple Helix model. This paper aims to contribute to the study of the Triple Helix model by investigating the main factors that influence the implementation and operationalisation of this model. The discussion begins with a description of the model, highlighting its emphasis on an evolutionary process towards developing the type of interactive collaboration that leads to all three actors achieving long term strategic goals. Following this a discussion of the enablers and barriers in implementing the model is presented.

Tourism Higher Education Institutions Integration in the Tourism Industry Innovation: A Quadruple Helix Approach : The Case of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Alexandria University

This study aims at presenting the model and practices needed to build a new entrepreneurial Tourism Higher Education Institutions culture to improve the process of innovation in the tourism industry depending on the new and highly recognized model of sustainable innovation the Quadruple Helix Innovation Model which based on four pillars, Academia, Government, Industry, and local community. The study also aims to explore the level of integration of the faculty of tourism and hotels Alexandria University in tourism industry innovation and determine the external and internal factors influencing the integration. Data was collected through a questionnaire presented to all the current staff members of the faculty of tourism and hotels Alexandria University in the three departments (tourism, hotels and guidance). Results reveal that the overall practices of the faculty of tourism and hotels Alexandria University in industry innovation, according to the four areas of practices; Leadership, teaching, research and community services; are weak. The weakest practices are leading fundraising and sponsorship initiatives to support the industry, establishing joint Faculty- industry advisory boards. The overall factors supporting the faculty of tourism and hotels Alexandria university integration in the tourism industry are described as weak. The weakest factor is the virtual and physical infrastructure of the faculty that does not provide an innovation stimulating environment. The study ends with recommendation for the faculty of tourism and hotels in Alexandria university best integration in the tourism industry innovation and for future researches.

Universities and the knowledge-based economy: perceptions from a developing country

This paper considers the role of universities in the creation of a knowledge-based economy (KBE) in a developing country, Pakistan. Some developing countries have moved quickly to develop a KBE, but progress in Pakistan is much slower. Higher education plays a crucial role as part of the triple helix model for innovation. Based on the perceptions of university leaders and academic staff, the paper examines how the transformation towards a KBE in Pakistan is viewed within higher education and identifies some of the blockages and contradictions that hinder development. In particular, the paper suggests that a more integrated education system bringing together primary, secondary and tertiary education to work for a common purpose will be essential.

The Triple Helix Model of Innovation

Nowadays in a knowledge-based society, university, industry and government play important roles and form a triple helix in innovation stimulating. Such interaction is the source of the creation and development of incubator movements, research centres and venture capital, which can be private, public or social. The implementation of this model is the basis of favorable innovation climate, as it promotes the development of its components, their combination promotes a synergistic effect, increases innovation activity. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n18p203

Triple Helix Innovation Model: Linking the Academia, the Business Sector and the Government, Case Study of Macedonia

Innovation has become a key factor to sustainable growth and knowledge economy creation, having impact on the national competitiveness in the regional and global economy.Innovation systems in small, landlocked developing countries are, inherently problematic, characterized by poor business and governance conditions, low educational levels and meritocratic infrastructure. This raises particular challenges for introducing structured innovative models in small developing countries such as Macedonia. The aim of this paper is to touch upon certain anomalies of the Macedonian innovation system and, at the same time, to entice the much needed debate on the triple helix innovation system formation in Macedonia.

The Quintuple Helix innovation model: global warming as a challenge and driver for innovation

The Triple Helix innovation model focuses on university-industry-government relations. The Quadruple Helix embeds the Triple Helix by adding as a fourth helix the ‘media-based and culture-based public’ and ‘civil society’. The Quintuple Helix innovation model is even broader and more comprehensive by contextualizing the Quadruple Helix and by additionally adding the helix (and perspective) of the ‘natural environments of society’. The Triple Helix acknowledges explicitly the importance of higher education for innovation. However, in one line of interpretation it could be argued that the Triple Helix places the emphasis on knowledge production and innovation in the economy so it is compatible with the knowledge economy. The Quadruple Helix already encourages the perspective of the knowledge society, and of knowledge democracy for knowledge production and innovation. In a Quadruple Helix understanding, the sustainable development of a knowledge economy requires a coevolution with the knowledge society. The Quintuple Helix stresses the necessary socioecological transition of society and economy in the twenty-first century; therefore, the Quintuple Helix is ecologically sensitive. Within the framework of the Quintuple Helix innovation model, the natural environments of society and the economy also should be seen as drivers for knowledge production and innovation, therefore defining opportunities for the knowledge economy. The European Commission in 2009 identified the socioecological transition as a major challenge for the future roadmap of development. The Quintuple Helix supports here the formation of a win-win situation between ecology, knowledge and innovation, creating synergies between economy, society, and democracy. Global warming represents an area of ecological concern, to which the Quintuple Helix innovation model can be applied with greater potential.

Is Triple Helix Innovation Possible in Macedonia?

AbstractMacedonia is experiencing constrains in relation to science, technology and innovation policies which are similar to those of other South Eastern European countries since gaining independence. The country needs a holistic approach to research and development (R&D) issues and human capital creation in order to align its scientific and research target policies with the ones set in the EU’s Lisbon strategy 2020 (augmenting the R&D part in the nation’s GDP up to 3%). At the beginning, this paper gives a brief overview of the triple helix model of innovation. It also provides for a critical analysis of the Macedonian reality in terms of innovation. More specifically, the paper analyzes data on R&D in the private and public sector and the number of innovative activities measured by patents field and granted in Macedonia. It also examines the relations between the academia and the business sector, and the role of the public sector and the government in initiating the whole process of innovation. Whether, and to what extent, new hybrid forms of triple helix are emerging in Macedonia so as to shape the creation and the development of a national policy matrix for innovation is a question that asks for joint theoretical and empirical inquiry. This paper will feature the results of a survey conducted over 50 Macedonian technology firms. The empirical data complement the theoretical observations of the authors of this paper. The focus of this paper is to shed light on the possible patterns of old and new organizational forms of university – industry partnership in order to entice creation of a sustainable innovation model in Macedonia.

Open Innovation Diplomacy and a 21st Century Fractal Research, Education and Innovation (FREIE) Ecosystem: Building on the Quadruple and Quintuple Helix Innovation Concepts and the “Mode 3” Knowledge Production System

The traditional Triple Helix innovation model focuses on university–industry–government relations. The Quadruple Helix innovation systems bring in the perspectives of the media-based and culture-based public as well as that of civil society. The Quintuple Helix emphasizes the natural environments of society, also for the knowledge production and innovation. Therefore, the quadruple helix contextualizes the triple helix, and the quintuple helix the quadruple helix. Features of the quadruple helix are: culture (cultures) and innovation culture (innovation cultures); the knowledge of culture and the culture of knowledge; values and lifestyles; multiculturalism, multiculture, and creativity; media; arts and arts universities; and multi-level innovation systems (local, national, global), with universities of the sciences, but also universities of the arts. The democracy of knowledge, as a concept and metaphor, highlights and underscores parallel processes between political pluralism in advanced democracy, and knowledge and innovation heterogeneity and diversity in advanced economy and society. The “mode 3” knowledge production system (MODE3KPS; expanding and extending the “mode 1” and “mode 2” knowledge production systems) is at the heart of the fractal research, education and innovation ecosystem. MODE3KPS universities or higher education systems are interested in integrating and combining mode 1 and mode 2. The concept of open innovation diplomacy (OID) encompasses the concept and practice of bridging distance and other divides (cultural, socioeconomic, technological, etc.) with focused and properly targeted initiatives to connect ideas and solutions with markets and investors ready to appreciate them and nurture them to their full potential. In this sense, OID qualifies as a new and novel strategy, policy-making, and governance approach in the context of the quadruple and quintuple innovation helices.

Intercity differences in university, R&D and industry interactions in biomedical sector research in India

The Triple Helix model of innovation has emerged as the key driver for innovative activities in today's world. The interactions among university, research and development (R&D) sector, government and the industry have come to occupy a pivotal position in such a framework. However, theoretical considerations apart, there has been a lack of analytical work in this area. The work presented in this article is an effort to bridge this gap. Further, the discourse on institutions and their asset formation and distribution have important implications in the context of Triple Helix. The spatial distribution of biomedical knowledge assets across different Indian cities, big and small, has been analysed over a period of ten years (1991–2001) with this perspective. The implications of the results have been discussed.

From the Triple Helix to a Quadruple Helix? The Case of Dip-Pen Nanolithography

In this article, we propose four modifications to the standard Triple Helix innovation model, which consists of the three strands: university, government, industry. First, in view of recent economic, cultural, organizational and ideological changes in many countries, it is now important to introduce a fourth strand to the standard model, namely society. Second, we observe that strands occur in doublets which we refer to as binomials. Examples of doublets include university/society, university/industry, industry/society, etc. Third, the binomials are organized in a hierarchic mode; for example in the university/society binomial, university may be dominant and the society secondary. The hierarchy arrangement proves decisive. Fourth, Helix-driven innovation processes take the form of temporary segmented phases. Using the case study of Dip-Pen nanolithography, we identify four phases where each phase is characterised by specific binomials accompanied by a hierarchy: academic instrument research (university/society); from instrument to tool; company start-up (university/industry); the mature firm and commercialization (industry/society); confirming the societal strand “nanofication”(society/industry). The government strand operates as a recessive component in phases one and four.

School improvement, pre‐service teacher education and the construction of social networks in New Zealand and England

Educational reformers in New Zealand and England have turned their attention towards network creation as a way of facilitating school improvement. The idea is that greater collaboration can drive school improvement through building professional learning communities, spreading best practice, and driving innovation in education. It is based on a triple helix model of innovation, which is a term principally used in economics to describe the formation of social relationships between individuals based on collaboration. The introduction of the ‘Extending High Standards in Schools’ reform in New Zealand, the Performance‐based Research Fund and the incorporation of pre‐service teacher education into the universities are designed to help create this kind of model of innovation through facilitating knowledge transfer. This paper offers a critical assessment of the Extending High Standards in Schools reform and related reforms, and argues that although network creation makes sense, the efficacy of the strategy is limited by factors that limit the flow of quality information.

From technology transfer to the emergence of a triple helix culture: the experience of Algeria in innovation and technological capability development

Based on the post-independence industrialization experience of Algeria, this paper explores the need for and the challenges and prospects of shifts of policies and strategies from central planning to decentralization and liberalization; from a heavy industry-dominated scenario to one dominated by SMEs; and from reliance on technology transfer to the development of a culture of innovation and technological learning. The paper highlights the business incubation system as an aspect of the triple helix model of innovation in which universities, industry, government and non-government organizations feature as principal actors in the national innovation system. The paper notes the need for both technology transfer and the development of the triple helix culture in developing countries. It also underlines the need for policy in developing countries to ensure that the former played only a residual role, while the latter took the lead in providing for the development of a culture of innovation. The culture of bureaucracy and institutional fragmentation has been a major factor militating against initiatives for technological capability development; and the conventional technology transfer practice has reinforced this culture. A major policy initiative is needed in developing countries to put the national system of innovation in place and remove the constraints on the development of the triple helix culture.

University—Industry—Government Partnerships for Innovation

The Clinton Administration's Technology Reinvestment Project (TRP) 1994–97 introduced new partnering paradigms to foster dual-use (commercial and military) research and development of new technologies, new commercially viable products and new manufacturing processes (including spin-off and spin-on applications). The TRP at Northeastern University enabled the formation of the Consortium for Electromagnetics Research Applications (CEMRA) which seeded eight partnerships. Each partnership involved one or more university researchers with one or more industrial counterparts, as ‘fellows’ or ‘partners’. Each partnership is a variation on the dual-use theme. The CEMRA partnerships are best-practice models for industry–university collaboration. CEMRA is an interesting application of the Triple Helix innovation model. The partnerships constitute dynamic infrastructures with interactive feedback loops between university and industry researchers and managers. The Triple Helix model is also exemplified in a more general sense by the Technology Reinvestment Project as a whole.