Helicobacter Pylori Immunoglobulin Research Articles

Autoimmune Hypothyroidism Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Infection

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and thyroid autoimmunity. Material and Methods: To demonstrate the possible correlation between H. pylori infection and autoimmune hypothyroidism, 200 individuals were enrolled in this research (100 patients with active H. pylori infection and 100 healthy controls). All of them were tested for serum levels of thyroid hormones, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and autoantibodies, as well as Helicobacter pylori-Immunoglobulin G (H. pylori-IgG) and cytotoxin-associated gene A-Immunoglobulin G (cagA-IgG) antibodies. Results: The study found that H. pylori infection was associated with higher levels of TSH, thyroperoxidase and thyroglobulin (TPO and TG) (p-value<0.000, 0.001 and 0.006, respectively) and a significant decrease in the levels of free-thyroid hormone (FT3 and FT4) (p-values=0.008 and 0.007 respectively) in patients compared with the control group. Moreover, using Pearson’s correlation tests, significant proportional correlations were found between H. pylori IgG and TSH (r=0.302, p-value=0.001), and a significant negative correlation was found between anti-H. pylori-IgG and with FT3 and FT4 (r=-0.261, p-value=0.003 and r=-0.260, p-value=0.003, respectively). Moreover, Spearman’s correlation results showed that H. pylori IgG was positively linked to TPO (r=0.531, p-value<0.001) and TG (r=0.320, p-value=0.001). Conclusion: The current investigation found that H. pylori infection was linked to higher concentrations of thyroid autoantibody and TSH and lower levels of thyroid hormones, suggesting that the bacterium may play a role in the development of subclinical autoimmune hypothyroidism.

Association of Dietary Inflammation Index and Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin G Seropositivity in US Adults: A Population-Based Study.

Dietary patterns play important role in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. We aimed to investigate the potential relationship between Dietary Inflammation Index (DII) and H. pylori infection in US adults. This cross-sectional study was based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2000). Individuals aged ≥20 years who provided a 24 hr dietary intake history and underwent H. pylori testing were included in the analysis. Multivariate weighted logistic regression analysis, smooth curve fitting, and subgroup analysis were used to investigate the relationship between DII and H. pylori infection. Subgroup analyses were based on demographic and clinical variables. There were 4,000 individuals enrolled in our final analysis. The overall mean age was 45.92 years and 46.77% were males. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection in the study population was 45.9%. The smooth curve fitting analysis indicated a near-linear relationship between DII and H. pylori. In multivariate weighted logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of DII is 1.17 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.27) for H. pylori infection. In subgroup analysis, DII still increased the risk of H. pylori infection independently. The increased DII levels were associated with an increased risk of H. pylori infection among US adults. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms of DII and H. pylori infection.

The Associations between Helicobacter Pylori immunoglobulin G seropositivity and body mass index in adults

ObjectivesInconsistent evidence currently exists regarding the associations between Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) infection and body mass index (BMI). The goal of the current study was to examine independent associations of H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity and BMI in a U.S.-based population sample.MethodsThe US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with 2,576 subjects from 1999 to 2000 were analyzed. Using multivariate logistic regression models, associations between H. pylori IgG seropositivity and BMI were calculated after potential confounders were taken into account. Subgroup analyses were conducted furtherly stratified by sex, age, and race.ResultsH. pylori IgG seropositivity was not associated with BMI in the general population (OR = 0.998; 95% CI = 0.977–1.019; P = 0.842). In the subgroup analyses stratified by race, a negative correction was found between the H. pylori IgG seropositivity and BMI among other races (OR = 0.873; 95% CI = 0.795–0.959; P = 0.004) except non-Hispanic white (OR = 1.006, 95% CI 0.966 to 1.048, P = 0.762), non-Hispanic black (OR = 1.021, 95% CI 0.979 to 1.065, P = 0.335), and Mexican American (OR = 1.010, 95% CI 0.966 to 1.055, P = 0.665).ConclusionsIn the general population, H. pylori IgG seropositivity is not associated with increased BMI, which provides a new perspective on obesity management.

The Correlation between Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin G Seropositivity and Plasma Homocysteine Levels in Adults.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity is prevalent, but its correlation with homocysteine (Hcy), a biomarker of vascular risk events, is unclear. This study is aimed at exploring the correlation of H. pylori IgG seropositivity and plasma Hcy levels in adults. Data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle 1999-2000. Hcy was measured by the Abbott homocysteine assay, and H. pylori IgG was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The weighted multiple logistic regression analyses with adjustments for potential confounders were conducted. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender, age, and race were performed. A total of 4029 subjects aged 20-85 years were included. Population prevalence of H. pylori IgG seropositivity was 44.7% in the overall population with higher prevalence found in those with older age, Mexican Americans, lower education, and lower household income. Levels of plasma Hcy were not elevated in those with H. pylori IgG seropositivity versus seronegativity (β -0.120 (-0.438, 0.199) P = 0.462). This difference was not significant after stratifying by gender and age. However, in the subgroup analyses stratified by race, a negative correlation between H. pylori seropositivity and plasma Hcy levels was observed in Mexican Americans (β -0.802 (-1.253, -0.352) P < 0.001). H. pylori IgG seropositivity was not associated with plasma Hcy levels in the general population, but there may be a negative correlation in Mexican Americans. These findings provide new insights to advance the research of the link between plasma Hcy levels and stomach health.

Combination of Serum Test and Questionnaire in Early Gastric Cancer Screening.

Background:We aimed to analyze the predictive role of serum test and questionnaire in Early Gastric Cancer in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Hebei Province from 2019 to 2020.Methods:In this prospective study, 280 medical examiners underwent questionnaire, serum test and gastroscopy. They were divided into Gastric cancer (GC) and Non-Gastric cancer (NGC) group. NGC group was divided into Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and Non-chronic atrophic gastritis (NCAG) group.Results:Age, drinking, sex and Gastrin-17(G-17) was respectively independent risk factors for GC. Age, drinking and G-17 was independent risk factors for GC in men. G-17 of GC group was higher than that of LGIN and NCAG group (P<0.05). Pepsinogen I/II ratio (PGR) of GC was lower than that of NCAG group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between Pepsinogen I (PGI) and Pepsinogen II (PGII) in the four groups. Helicobacter pylori-immunoglobulin G antibodies (H. pylori-IgG) of LGIN group was significantly higher than that of CAG and NCAG group in gastritis group (P<0.008). G-17≥42.95 pmol/L, age≥69years, male and drinking can predict GC.Conclusion:Older, drinking, men and high G-17 could respectively predict GC. Especially in men, older, drinking and high G-17 could affect the occurrence of GC. G-17, age, drinking and sex used respectively to screen high-risk populations for GC were more efficient than combined screening. GC had a higher serum G-17 and a lower PG than other gastric diseases.

Impact of serum sodium levels on Helicobacter pylori infection

Objective: Excessive salt consumption could play a role for developing gastric cancer as well as Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. However, there is no report about the connection between serum sodium levels and HP infection. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum sodium disorders and HP infection. Material and Methods: In this single-center, retrospective, descriptive study, we evaluated the presence of HP infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among patient with serum sodium disturbances. Patients were divided into two groups as to their serum sodium levels (hypernatremia: Sodium level above 145 mmol/l, and hyponatremia: Sodium level below 135 mmol/l). Results: In total, 54 patients, half of them were hypernatremic (27), included in the study. At total, 15 (55.6%) patients tested positive for HP immunoglobulin G (Ig G) by ELISA method in hyponatremic patients, 17 (63%) patients tested positive for HP Ig G in hypernatremic patients. There was no difference between groups in terms of HP Ig G seropositivity (p=0.58). Other hand, 9 (33%) patients tested positive for HP Ig A among hyponatremic patients, 19 (70%) patients tested positive for HP Ig A in hypernatremic patients (p=0.029). Conclusion: According to our results, Hypernatremic patients have high risk for HP infection. Other hand, the presence of HP infection could be a driven-factor in the development of hypernatremia among elderly patients. Larger-scale studies are needed to reveal the relationship between hypernatremia and gastroenteritis.

A Single Case Study of Treating H-Pyroli Infection with Coconut Oil

Helicobacter pylori (H-Pylori) are a Gram negative spiral organism in GI Tract. Final effect of H-pylori on the GI tract is variable and determined by microbial and host factors. The particular end result of H-Pylori varies from chronic gastritis to PUD, Gastric MALT Lymphoma. A case presented with chronic gastritis associated H-Pylori infection. Which showed resemblance with Clinical features of vatha –pitha Parinaamashoola (pain during digestion). It was intervened successfully with samanasnehapana (internal oleation therapy) of coconut oil. Coconut oil administered for 15 days. Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin (IgG H-pylori) evaluated before and after the treatment. A positive H-pylori infection became negative after the treatment.

Colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in a renal transplant recipient: a case report

BackgroundExtra-gastric (particularly colonic) lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in the immunosuppressed solid organ transplant recipient is rare. We report a case of low-volume mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with colonic and bone marrow involvement in a renal transplant recipient that has been managed conservatively.Case presentationA 62-year-old Caucasian man, 14 years after kidney transplantation, was diagnosed as having extra-nodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue with bone marrow and colonic involvement, after a colonoscopy identified mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in a sessile sigmoid polyp following surveillance fecal occult blood testing that returned a positive result. A gastric biopsy showed no evidence of Helicobacter pylori, but Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G was positive. He received Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment and is being managed expectantly. Immunosuppression was unchanged with prednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil, and cyclosporine A. Renal allograft function has remained stable.ConclusionsThis case highlights the unexpected occurrence of colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in a kidney transplant recipient. The case emphasizes the importance of histopathological diagnosis of colonic lesions in this patient cohort because the unusual diagnosis of low-volume mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma can be managed expectantly as it does not appear to be clinically aggressive in the immunosuppressed solid organ transplant.

Association of helicobacter pylori with multiple sclerosis: Protective or risk factor?

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune inflammatory disease in the central nervous system (CNS) without exact pathology. Environmental factors such as infections have a causal or protective role in MS. Helicobacter pylori (HP) is one of the infections in digestive diseases and previous studies reported controversial findings of this infection role in MS. So, we conducted this study to assess the frequency of HP infection in patients with MS in comparison to the healthy population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken between 2015 and 2019. 191 participants including 58 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 57 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 39 patients with secondary progressive MS (SPMS), and 39 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were tested for the presence of HP immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies (Abs) in their serum sample. Results: The frequency of HP IgG seropositivity in patients with SPMS was significantly higher than patients with CIS [Odds ratio (OR): 6.333, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.522-15.906, P < 0.001], patients with RRMS (OR: 4.583, 95% CI: 1.842-11.407, P = 0.001), and HCs (OR: 8.485, 95% CI: 3.058-23.540, P < 0.001). We did not find a significant difference among other study groups regarding IgG seropositivity. No significant difference among groups regarding HP IgM seropositivity was evident. On univariate model, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score (OR: 1.038, 95% CI: 1.038-1.460, P = 0.017) and SPMS (OR: 4.583, 95% CI: 1.842-11.407, P = 0.001) were predictor for HP IgG seropositivity. On multivariate model, only SPMS had higher risk for HP IgG seropositivity compared to RRMS (OR: 5.554, 95% CI: 1.327-23.253, P = 0.019). We did not find a significant association between clinical and demographic variables with HP IgM seropositivity. Conclusion: Based on our findings, progressive MS and HP infection may have association. Further longitudinal studies with large sample size are needed to determine the role of HP infection in MS.

Changes in Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin G Levels and Gastric Mucosal Atrophy after Successful Eradication of Helicobacter pylori

Changes in Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin G Levels and Gastric Mucosal Atrophy after Successful Eradication of Helicobacter pylori

Changes in Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin G Levels and Gastric Mucosal Atrophy after Successful Eradication of Helicobacter pylori

Changes in Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin G Levels and Gastric Mucosal Atrophy after Successful Eradication of Helicobacter pylori

Evaluation of Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Associated Factors in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis.

In patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) gastrointestinal (GI) involvement, nutritional status and medications may lead to cobalamin (Vit B12) deficiency. We aimed to determine the frequency and the potential causes of Vit B12 deficiency in SSc patients. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 62 SSc patients in a single center in 1 year period. Medical history and physical examination of patients were reevaluated. Data about organ involvements were obtained from hospital file records. The nutritional status of the patients was assessed with Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). Vit B12, homocysteine (except in three patients) and Helicobacter Pylori Immunoglobulin G (H. Pylori IgG) levels were measured in all patients. Vit B12 deficiency was considered as serum Vit B12 level <200 pg/mL or being on Vit B12 replacement therapy. Serum Vit B12 levels of the patients were also grouped as low (<200 pg/mL), borderline (200-300 pg/mL) and normal (>300 pg/mL). Plasma homocysteine levels of the patients were classified as elevated (>9 μmol/L) and hyperhomocysteinemia (>15 μmol/L). Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare parameters among the groups. Correlation was tested by Spearman's correlation coefficient. Forty-four (71.0%) patients were defined as Vit B12 deficient; 22 had Vit B12 level <200 pg/mL (four were on Vit B12 replacement therapy) and the remaining 22 had Vit B12 >200 pg/mL and were already on Vit B12 replacement therapy. The percentage of the patients with hyperhomocysteinemia was significantly higher in the group with Vit B12 <200 pg/mL as compared to other groups (P = 0.004) but only 33.3% (7/21) of the patients with Vit B12 <200 pg/mL had hyperhomocysteinemia. There were no statistically significant differences between patients with and without Vit B12 deficiency regarding age, mean disease duration, MUST scores, mean hemoglobin levels, H. Pylori IgG positivity and organ involvements (P > 0.05 for all). Vit B12 deficiency is frequent in SSc and has multiple causes. All patients should be monitored for Vit B12 deficiency. The homocysteine levels seem unlikely to be helpful for confirmation of Vit B12 deficiency.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Atrophic Gastritis and Intestinal Metaplasia: A Nationwide Multicenter Prospective Study in Korea

Background/AimsAtrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) are premalignant gastric lesions. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of endoscopic AG and IM and to document the risk factors for these lesions.MethodsIn total, 4,023 subjects were enrolled at eight hospitals in Korea. AG and IM were diagnosed by endoscopy. Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies were measured.ResultsThe prevalences of endoscopic AG and IM were 40.7% and 12.5%. In a multivariate analysis, the risk factors for AG were age groups of 40 to 59 years and >60 years, male sex, positive H. pylori serology, IM, and education below the college level (odds ratio [OR], 2.55, 5.00, 1.38, 1.41, 4.29, and 1.35, respectively). The risk factors for IM were age groups of 40 to 59 years and >60 years, male sex, positive H. pylori serology, AG, having relatives with gastric cancer, education below the college level and consumption of dairy products (OR, 3.16, 3.25, 1.88, 2.17, 3.68, 1.48, 1.47, and 1.40, respectively).ConclusionsA nationwide survey regarding the prevalence of endoscopic AG and IM and their risk factors in Korea supports the hypothesis that endoscopic diagnosis of these premalignant lesions could be helpful to describe a group at high risk for gastric cancer.

Abstract 1148: The factual evidence of gastric mucosal IL-8 mRNA expression, cagA gene H.pylori infection, and pepsinogen I/II ratio in Thai gastric cancer .

Abstract Background: Interleukine-8 (IL-8) gene expression was reported in vitro that it may relate to cagA gene in Japanese. There is no in vivo study demonstrated how its level related to cagA genotype and serum pepsinogen I/II ratio in other Asian Ethnic beside of East Asian such as in Japanese. We aimed to study the relative risk of the cytokine gene expression level in Thai gastric cancer and how its correlation to other co-factors Methods: There were 86 Thai gastric cancer patients and 134 Thai non-cancer volunteers who underwent endoscopic mucosal biopsies. The serum pepsinogen I, II, and Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin G antibody were tested. The extracted H.pylori DNA was genotyped for cagA mutation. The IL-8 mRNA expression was measured by Real Time relative quantitation polymerase chain reaction in all Thai tissue samples from the specific site of biopsy, 17 Japanese gastric cancer, and 12 non-cancer gastric mucosal samples. The multivariate analysis was used for the risk study. The student t-test and Mann-Whitney were used for quantitative analysis. The correlation study was done in the subgroup analysis. The STATA 11.0, USA, and SPSS version 16, USA were used for statistical analysis. The p-value &amp;lt;0.05 was considered as a statistically significant. Results: There is high level of IL-8 mRNA expression in positive H.pylori in Thai gastric cancer cases. However,negative cagA gene is found in 86.8 per cent of Thai gastric cancer though high yields of East Asian type in positive cagA cases. The PGI/II ratio in gastric cancer is significant lower than in non-cancer group, p =0.045. The mean level of IL-8 mRNA expression in Thai and Japanese advance gastric cancer were 9,615.65 (log 10= 2.62) and 1509.11 (log 10=2.17), respectively, p= 0.014. The total mean IL-8 mRNA expression in non-cancer Thais is 2,262 (log 10=1.49) while that in Japanese non-cancer is 10.79(log10= 0.69), p&amp;lt;0.001. The IL-8 expression is about 2 fold level higher in gastric cancer than in non-cancer gastric mucosal tisuues in both nations, p = 0.05. For gastric cancer risk cut off IL-8 expression level is log10&amp;gt;2 in both Thais and Japanese, Odds ratio= 7.97 (95%CI=3.75-16.97, p&amp;lt;0.001) and Odd ratios= 4 (95%CI=1.29-12.40), respectively. Serum PGI/II ratio at less than 3.0 and IL-8 mRNA expression ≥100 or log10 ≥2 are significantly cut off risk difference between Thai cancer and non-cancer, p= 0.03 and p &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively.Conclusion: The IL-8 mRNA expression level and pepsinogen I/II ratio reflect individualized ethnic host stomach mucosal defense difference and cancer inflammation in Thai gastric cancer. H.pylori is at risk for gastric cancer but there is negative cagA gene in this population. Gastric mucosal IL-8 mRNA expression may be a useful marker for poorly differentiated type gastric cancer treatment in near by future. Citation Format: Sirikan Yamada, Shunji Kato, Takeshi Matsuhisa, Luksana Makonkawkeyoon, Bandhuphat Chakrabandhu, Thiraphat Chakrabandhu, Takeshi Azuma. The factual evidence of gastric mucosal IL-8 mRNA expression, cagA gene H.pylori infection, and pepsinogen I/II ratio in Thai gastric cancer . [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1148. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1148

The Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients

Background Helicobacter pylori (HP), a small gram-negative spiral bacillus living in the mucus layer of the human stomach, mediates some gastrointestinal disorders. Considering the immunocompromised nature of transplant recipients due to immunosuppression, they are generally prone to viral and bacterial infectious diseases. In this study we sought to investigate the seroprevalence of HP infection among Iranian kidney transplant recipients. Methods We selected randomly 91 kidney transplant patients who were examined for anti- HP Immunoglobulin G (IgG) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (Lake Success, NY, USA). Results Forty-three subjects (47.3%) were seropositive for anti-HEV IgG. There was no difference by age ( P = .49), sex ( P = .22), blood transfusion history ( P = .19), or hemodialysis history ( P = .46) between seropositive and seronegative groups, but there was a significant difference regarding the educational status of the subjects ( P = .03), The difference was not confirmed by considering diploma as the cut point to categorize subjects ( P > .05). Comparing age groups, Pearson chi-square analysis revealed no significant correlation between HP seropositivity and increasing age ( P = .963), even when controlled for sex, educational status, history of blood transfusion, or hemodialysis. Conclusion The frequency of transplant recipients with anti-HP IgG antibodies in our institution (47.3%) was not higher than that in the general population (almost 60% in Urmia). This rate was lower than reports from developing countries possibly due to better health and sanitation.

Multifocal gastric cancer with a variety of histological findings coexisting with hyperplastic polyps: Report of a case

We report a case of multifocal gastric cancer with a variety of macroscopic and histological findings. A 65-year-old woman was admitted with upper abdominal pain. Her familial history was remarkable in that her mother had died of gastric cancer. The hematological and blood biochemical values were normal, but the serum was positive for Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G, and the serum pepsinogen test was also positive. Gastrointestinal fiberscopy showed many granulomatous lesions coexisting with pedunculated polypoid lesions and marked atrophic gastritis throughout the stomach. We performed total gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection. There were four separate cancers and three hyperplastic polyps with entire intestinal metaplasia. The pathological findings of these multifocal gastric cancers varied, with coexisting differentiated and undifferentiated types, and early and advanced types. One of the pedunculated polypoid lesions was accompanied by papillary adenocarcinoma. Although multifocal gastric cancer is not uncommon, the present case is considered an extremely unusual example of gastric cancer.

Helicobacter pylori and gastrointestinal symptoms in school children in Russia.

Helicobacter pylori is considered to be the major cause of chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer disease recurrence in childhood. However, the association between H. pylori and recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) syndrome is still controversial. Therefore, the spectrum of clinical variants of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with H. pylori-positive status was studied in consecutive symptomatic children who were undergoing diagnostic endoscopy. A consecutive series of 225 school children from the Ural area of Russia (mean age 11.1 + 1.4 years, age range 7-15 years) who presented with RAP were investigated using esophagogastroduodenoscopy, including three antral biopsies for histology and polymerase chain reaction. Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies were found using a second-generation enzyme immunoassay. Information about the clinical symptoms was collected using a special questionnaire. The authors found a high incidence of H. pylori infection (80%) and peptic ulcers (16%) in 225 school children from the Ural area of Russia who were referred for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy for chronic abdominal pain. Of the overall 225 symptomatic children who underwent endoscopy, 182 (80,8%) were found to be H. pylori-positive. Duodenal ulcers were detected in 36 H. pylori-positive children. A family history of peptic ulcers was significantly more frequent in the children infected with H. pylori (P < 0.001). Symptom score and duration of symptoms were similar, but night-time pain (P < 0.0001) and fasting pain relieved by food (P < 0.001) were more frequent in the H. pylori-positive children as compared with the H. pylori-negative children. The present results provide further evidence for a significant association between H. pylori and some patterns of gastrointestinal symptoms in children who underwent UGI endoscopy in order to exclude an organic cause of severe chronic gastrointestinal disorders.

Evaluation of a urine antibody test for Helicobacter pylori in Japanese children

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of a urine-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for anti- Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibody (urine-HpELISA) in children, we compared its sensitivity and specificity in reference to 13C-urea-breath test (UBT) and H pylori stool antigen test (HpSA). Study design Japanese children without significant upper abdominal symptoms were included (n = 100; mean age, 7.0 years; range, 2 to 15). UBT, HpSA, and urine-HpELISA were performed. Results Of 100 children, 36 and 64 were judged H pylori–positive and H pylori–negative, respectively, by UBT and HpSA. Thirty-four of 36 positive children were positive by urine-HpELISA, and 62 out of 64 negative children were negative by urine-HpELISA. Thus, the urine-HpELISA had 94.4% sensitivity and 96.9% specificity, with accuracy of 96.0%. Conclusions The urine-HpELISA is a rapid, inexpensive, reliable, and easy-to-perform method for the diagnosis of H pylori infection in children. It may be useful not only for diagnosis but also for mass screening for epidemiological studies in pediatric population.

Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies in South African mothers and their children

Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies in South African mothers and their children

The relationship between Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody and autologous serum test in chronic urticaria.

In chronic urticaria, suspicious factors are Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and autoimmunity, as well as other etiologic agents. Autologous serum injection is the first step to identify autoimmune urticaria. Our study was performed to determine the prevalence of HP infection in patients with chronic urticaria, and to evaluate the results of autologous serum testing in chronic urticaria patients who had HP antibodies. HP immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody was defined by an immunochromatographic method in 61 chronic urticaria patients and 15 healthy persons. Autologous serum testing was performed in 32 chronic urticaria patients. HP IgG antibody was found to be positive in 41% of chronic urticaria patients and 26% of healthy controls (chi2= 7.82, P= 0.005). Autologous serum testing was positive in 40% of chronic urticaria patients who had HP IgG antibody. This ratio was 14.3% in chronic urticaria patients who did not have HP IgG antibody (chi2 = 9.23, P= 0.002). In this study, autologous serum testing was found to highly positive in chronic urticaria patients with HP IgG antibody, but the relationship between autoimmunity and HP infection requires further investigations.