Heavy Metals Of Cu Research Articles

The Stabilization of Copper and Cadmium in The Hydrated CaO-CuO-SiO2 and CaO-CdO-SiO2 Composites

The stabilization of toxic metals in the stable matrices is quite well-known. Research on copper and cadmium stabilization in the CaO-CuO-SiO2 and CaO-CdO-SiO2 composites was conducted to study the characteristics of CaO-CuO-SiO2 and CaO-CdO-SiO2 composites as well as the Cu and Cd metals stabilization in the hydrated composites. The composites of CaO-CuO-SiO2 and CaO-CdO-SiO2 were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. A stoichiometric amount of CaO, SiO2, Cu(NO3)2, and CdO were calcined at 1050°C for 4 hours. The synthesized compounds were further hydrated in a soaking time of 30, 60, and 90 days. The hydration produced calcium silicate hydrate that can stabilize metals. The Cu and Cd stability in CaO-CuO-SiO2 and CaO-CdO-SiO2, respectively, were tested using the Toxicity Leaching Procedure (TCLP) method. The hydrated and hydrated composite characterizations were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrophotometer (FTIR), and Scanning Energy Mocroscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray analyzer (SEM-EDX) and the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) methods. The composites mainly consist of Ca3SiO5, Ca2SiO4, Ca(OH)2, SiO2, and metal oxide of CuO, Cu2O, and CdO. The composites were able to stabilize ~100% of the heavy metals of Cu and Cd.

Solid–Waste–Derived Geopolymer–Type Zeolite–like High Functional Catalytic Materials Catalyze Efficient Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid

Three common solid wastes (waste incineration fly ash, sewage sludge, and polluted soil) were the raw materials used in the synthesis of a geopolymer–type zeolite–like product, which was then used as a catalyst carrier to prepare a nickel hydrogenation catalyst for the catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ–valerolactone. Under optimum synthesis conditions, the synthesized geopolymer zeolite has excellent structure and performance. The characterization results show that the composites have a three–dimensional network structure, and the pore structure is homogeneous mesoporous or microporous. In this work, the results of catalytic hydrogenation show that the yield of γ–valerolactone can achieve up to 94% using the synthesized catalyst, which is comparable to that of commercial catalysts and the concentrations of typical polluting heavy metals of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in the reaction solution were all below the emission concentration limit (Class I standard) after five cycles of reaction. In summary, this geopolymer–type zeolite–like catalyst is cheap and has excellent performance; it is, therefore, expected to be widely used in catalysis instead of commercial carriers.

Modification of Iron-Tailings Concrete with Biochar and Basalt Fiber for Sustainability

Currently, less than 15% of waste iron tailings are utilized. Iron tailings can be used as fine aggregate in concrete, but this kind of concrete has no coarse aggregate, resulting in low strength. Additionally, iron tailings contain some heavy metals, which will cause environmental pollution if improperly treated. In this study, the mechanical properties, sulfate resistance, and pore structure distribution of basalt fiber-biochar-concrete (PFB) were studied. Where basalt is to enhance the mechanical properties of samples, and biochar is to adsorb heavy metals in iron tailings, to prepare environmentally friendly materials. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, flexural strength (FS), sulfate immersion test, leaching behavior, and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) test were used to study the performance of the samples, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to characterize the samples, explaining the change mechanism of the macroscopic test. The results show that the compressive strength of PFB increased by 2.5% but the flexural strength increased by 12%. The basalt and biochar improve the pore size distribution of samples, that is, the pore size greater than 10 nm is reduced while the pore size between 2 and 6 nm is increased. Biochar can effectively adsorb heavy metals of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd, and their leaching concentration is reduced by 50–70%. Basalt fiber improves the mixing performance of concrete, while biochar with a small particle size fills the micro pores in concrete; this paper provides a new idea of sustainability for the preparation of environmentally friendly materials and the utilization of waste iron tailings.

Comparison Of Heavy Metal Absorption Of Some Algae Isolated From Altınapa Dam Lake (Konya)

Today, due to the intense pollution in water resources, clean water shortage is experienced in most regions. In order to remove the pollution from waters, many studies are carried out using algae with high metal absorption capacity. In our study, benthic algae samples from different habitats (epipelic, epiphytic and epilitic) were taken from the Altınapa Dam Lake in Konya, in order to study the potentials of heavy metal removal. Some microalgae were isolated from the samples and heavy metal absorption capacities were examined among the pure cultures obtained. Biosorption properties were tried to be determined in samples taken at 5, 10, 20, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes by exposing Chlorochytrium paradoxum, Haematococcus lacustris and Scenedesmus circumfusus species to heavy metals of Cu and Mn. Scenedesmus circumfusus species reached the best absorption capacity for both Cu and Mn metals. According to this research, the algae we studied are of the opinion that they can be used to increase the efficiency and selectivity of heavy metal biosorption.

Heavy Metal Accumulation in Shrubs Used in Roadside Planting

<p>The aim of this study is to determine the shrub species which can be used as the biomonitor of air pollution originating mainly from the traffic and could provide the opportunity to increase the air quality in urban areas. To this end, Berberis thunbergii, Buxus sempervirens, Juniperus horizontalis, and Platycladus orientalis, mostly preferred species for roadside plantations, were chosen for the study. First, three regions with heavy traffic intensities were determined. Next, the levels of 4 heavy metals were examined by using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectrometry. The results obtained indicate that since the deposition of Cu and Zn is more in the leaves and barks of four species, these shrub species are more effective in the accumulation of Cu and Zn. Furthermore, the results of the study show that Platycladus orientalis is more effective in Cu and Pb accumulation, while Buxus sempervirens is more effective in terms of Ni and Zn accumulation. Determining high levels of traffic-originated heavy metals of Cu, Pb and Zn, particularly in the leaves of Platycladus orientalis in the city center indicates that air pollution is more intense in the city center and that Platycladus orientalis can be used as a biomonitor for traffic-originated air pollution.</p>

Comparative studies on adsorption of dye and heavy metal ions from effluents using eco-friendly adsorbent

Chemically modified Phosphoric acid activated Chrysopogon zizanioides roots Activated Carbon (PCRAC) used as an alternative adsorbent for the removal of Malachite Green (MG) dye and heavy metals Cu(II) and Ni(II) from industrial wastewater. The untreated waste water contain MG and heavy metals can affect human health and environment. Adsorption characteristic of activated carbon was investigated through various parameter like pH, Adsorbent dosage, contact time, Initial dye concentration. Results from Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for PCRAC showed that the presence of heterogeneous and porous morphology on the surface of adsorbent indicated effective adsorption of dye and metal ions. The adsorption of MG dye and heavy metals of Cu(II) and Ni(II) were observes Freundlich isotherm with correlation coefficient of 0.978, 0.963 and 0.963. The adsorption process follows pseudo second order kinetic model.

Heavy metals decreased by water elution method on bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration plant

By incineration treatment became the most important g municipal solid waste disposal method. The bottom ash, which accounting for 20% to 30% of the original municipal solid waste has been a large content source of municipal solid waste in China. The heavy metal will be released to the environment by the eluent produced from the bottom ash. It has a negative influence on bottom ash treatment and reuse. This study analyzed the changing of heavy metals of Cu, Ni and Zn during the elution process by the column simulation experiment. The study revealed the regulation of heavy metals migration under the condition of slow speed elution. These results can help environmental release risk assessment of heavy metal in bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration plant.

Toxicity of heavy metals in the water quality of Ganga River in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

A study to find the toxicity of heavy metals in the water quality of Ggana river in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India area was carried out over a period of Jan. 2018 to Dec. 2018. Water samples from Kanpur (Shuklaganj New Ganges Bridge, Ordnagar, Baba Ghat, Bhairav ​​Ghat and Khayora Kati) were analyzed for heavy metals like Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd and Pb. The pH of these water samples was found in alkaline range (7.21-8.18). The concentration of PB varies between 0.44±0.32 ppm and 0.33±0.31 ppm. Cd concentration was seen to range from 0.022±0.11ppm to 0.008±0.06 ppm. The content of Cr is from 0.054±0.56 to ppm 0.38±0.33ppm. Highest concentrations of heavy metals of Cu (0.173±0.283ppm) and PB (0.44±0.32ppm) were found in Ordnance town sample, Cr (0.054±0.56) in Khyora katari water sample, Cd (0.022±0.11ppm) in Baba ghat water sample, Fe (0.366±0.98ppm) in Khyora katari water sample.

A New Highly Efficient Algerian Clay for the Removal of Heavy Metals of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions: Characterization, Fractal, Kinetics, and Isotherm Analysis

A physicochemical characterization, the irregularity of the surface quantified by the fractal dimension (DS), and the adsorption of copper (Cu(II)) and lead (Pb(II)) of a kaolin clay from aqueous solutions were studied. In addition, the effects of temperature, contact time, pH of solution, and clay mass on copper Cu(II) and Pb(II) adsorption were investigated. In this work, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were applied to study the composition and structure of the clay studied. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller theory and the t-plot method were used to calculate the specific surface and porosity, respectively. The fractal analysis showed that the material has an irregular surface, with a very complex pore structure. This material has a very high adsorption capacity, which exceeds 97.5% and 99.95% for Cu(II) an Pb(II), respectively, for all concentrations under normal conditions of pH and temperature (pH7, T = 25 °C). The maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir model was 52.63 mg g−1 for copper (Cu). For lead (Pb) ions, the maximum capacity was 57.30 mg g−1. The adsorption process was rapid, as equilibrium was achieved within 10 min for copper at 25 and 50 mg L−1 and within 30 min at 100 mg L−1. For lead (Pb) ions, equilibrium was achieved within the first minute at all concentrations. The kaolin clay has a better affinity for Pb(II) than Cu(II). The Temkin model showed better correlation with the experimental data for this material. The kinetic study demonstrated that Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorption on kaolin was in a good accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Study of Distribution Metal From Shellfish at Coastal Beach in District of Central Tapanuli, Indonesia

The research of heavy metals spread in shellfish in the coastal area a zone of the high seas and zones of settlements waters in Central Tapanuli has done with the aim of knowing the content of heavy metals of Cu, Cr, Pb with parameters of the river water, sea water, shellfish and clamshell, basic sediments. Testing of river water, sea water, and shell meat was conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) by adsorption principle of light by atoms. Testing basic sediment and clamshell has done with XRD and TEM. The test results of river water showed are Cu ˂0,025 mg/l, Cr ˂0.006 mg/l - ˂0.025 mg/l, Pb ˂0.005 to 0.03 mg/l, in the conditions of under the river water quality standard. The test results on the sea water obtained are metal content of Cu. ˂0.006 mg/l, Cr ˂0,025 mg/l, Pb 0.13 to 0.24 mg/l. The test results show the shell meat are Pb. ˂0.005 to 2.34 mg/kg, Cu 0.85 to 14.4 mg/kg. The test results of clamshell with XRD showed peaks of CaCO3 aragonite. With TEM showed that crystalline, by electron diffraction pattern formed by irregular dot, which means the elements contained in the various clamshells. Differences levels of heavy metals at every point stations predicted has their natural factors such as the direction of ocean currents, rainfall and sediment material and anthropogenic factors such as demographics residential waste pollution, industrial and port activity.

Assessment of the degree of external corrosion of buried water pipelines and source identification of heavy metals due to surrounding soil conditions in humid environment

Water distribution pipelines installed underground has possible risks of pipe failure due to corrosion as it ages while urban soils have been noted to have highly elevated concentration of heavy metals due to various human activities. The study aimed to assess the degree of external corrosion of distribution pipe networks and identify probable sources of heavy metals in the surrounding aggressive soil environments. Soil samples were collected with the aid of soil auger at a depth of about 1.0 m while the analyzed soil properties and metals content were done using the standard procedures in the laboratory. The soil quality properties of interest are: soil pH, moisture content, soil temperature, soil resistivity, porosity, oxidation–reduction potential (ORP), chloride ions, sulphate ions, total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and microbial counts with heavy metals of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify major soil quality indicators affecting soil corrosivity while multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to evaluate the spatial variability among the sampling locations, interrelationship between variables and source of heavy metals in soils, respectively. A total consideration of all the analyzed variables on the degree of external corrosion on buried pipelines indicates severely corrosive to mildly corrosive state. PCA identified chemical, moisture content, microbial influenced corrosion (MIC), and heavy metal as four principal factors accounting for 89.4% of total variation in soil quality properties. The results of multivariate statistical analyses identified two sources of metals as from soil parent materials and anthropogenic activities while MANOVA showed that the physio–chemical properties varied significantly different at $$\alpha =0.05$$ among the sampling locations.

MICRO-STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CEMENT STABILIZED TROPICAL lATERITE CLAY SOIL CONTAMINATED BY HEAVY METALS

The presence of contaminated soils due to industrials and mining activities is a major concern in today’s heavily industrialized world. The contaminants lead to poor engineering properties for these soils. In this study 10% cement is used to stabilize laterite clay soil contaminated by heavy metals of Cu and Zn. However, the effect of these contaminants on the geotechnical properties of clayey soils can be altered through chemical stabilization using traditional stabilizers like cement, which result in achieving suitable material for construction purposes. The micro-structural characterization of the cement-treated Laterite clay is presented in this research. The changes in the mineralogy and morphology structure due to the effect of stabilizer of cement and heavy metals were discussed based on X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). According to the micro-structural characterization of the stabilized soils, cement was effective stabilizer in terms of improving the strength of contaminated treated soils. However, the heavy metals have retarded effect on the cement treated samples. This was due to precipitation of the metals onto the surface of calcium and aluminium silicates as insoluble hydroxides or sulphates. Thus, these compounds form an impermeable coating that acts as a barrier to inhibit cement hydration by impending transport of water into cement grain. Finally, it can be concluded that the mechanical and the physico-chemical behaviours of the compacted specimens, as determined during testing, formed the basis for evaluating both the degree of immobilization of the heavy metal in the soil matrix, and the potential for rehabilitation of contaminated sites.

Maximal methane potential of different animal manures collected in northwest region of China

Maximum methane potential (B0) is an important parameter used in assessing suitability of a substrate for biogas production. This study examined maximum methane potential of different manures generated from three major Chinese livestock, namely chicken, hog and cattle, and evaluated the important factors that affect the maximum methane potential of a substrate. The livestock manures collected from the local farms were incubated under a thermophilic anaerobic condition (55°C). The results showed that the maximum methane potential (B0) of cattle, hog and chicken manures were 292.0 mL/g VS, 272.0 mL/g VS and 266.4 mL/g VS, respectively. The B0 value decreases with increasing contents of crude protein and crude fat, while increases with increasing the contents of carbohydrates and crude fiber in manures. The content of NH4+-N in chicken manure was significantly higher during the digestion period, reached as high as 1962.5 mg/L by the end of incubation period. Heavy metals of Cu and Zn in the manure also affect the B0. Empirical relationships that describe the B0 decrease in response to increase of Zn and Cu contents in manure were developed and used as a simple tool to assess the effects of these metals on the B0. It was concluded that the protein, Cu and Zn contents of manure are most important chemical compositions that negatively affect maximum methane potential. Based on the three experimental manures, the maximum methane potential was limited by either ammonium content or Cu and Zn content in the manure. For a commercial biogas production facility using these manures as main feedstock, one should consider to add co-substrate or co-substrates to reduce concentration of these chemicals to maximize biogas production. Keywords: anaerobic digestion, manure compositions, biomethane potential, volatile solid degradation DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe.20171001.2469 Citation: Chen F, Yu G, Li W, Liu F W, Zhang W P, Bu Y S, et al. Maximal methane potential of different animal manures collected in northwest region of China. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2017; 10(1): 202－208.

Weathering behavior and metal mobility of tailings under an extremely arid climate at Jinchuan Cu-Ni sulfide deposit, Western China

A detailed mineralogical and geochemical study of a sulfide tailings impoundment was carried out in Jinchuan Cu-Ni sulfide deposit in western China. Since 1963, the tailings impoundment has been exposed to weathering in an extremely arid climate with dry-warm seasons. Samples from different depths of two boreholes, each located in the center and border of the impoundment, were analyzed to evaluate the oxidative weathering behaviors of the tailings. The obvious shift of Cu and Ni from the sulfide fraction to more mobile forms, increasing trend of SO42− in the shallow of the tailings and decreasing trend of Fe content in sulfide fraction, show direct signs of sulfides oxidation, especially in the upper part of the tailings impoundment. Besides the upward migration of Ca2+ and SO42− under the strong evaporation in hyper-arid climate, the heavy metals of Cu and Ni are retained by the in-situ adsorption and/or co-precipitation with secondary Fe3+ precipitates. These secondary minerals are poorly crystalline and unstable. So, for sulfide tailings with a simultaneous large production of carbonates and under extremely arid climate, acid pollutants can be avoided but heavy metal pollution from the windblown dust of secondary minerals is the key pollution source that should be taken seriously.

Accumulation of Heavy Metals (Cu and Pb) In Two Consumed Fishes from Musi River Estuary, South Sumatera

Fish is one of the protein sources for humans which its existence is susceptible to the contamination, one of which is the heavy metal. The lack of information regarding the content of heavy metal in the edible fish in South Sumatera makes this study important to be done. This study was aimed to analyze the concentration of heavy metal in two species of edible fishes at Musi River Estuary site. The study was conducted in the estuary section of Musi River from September to November 2014. The heavy metals of Cu and Pb in the water and in the fish organs were analyzed using AAS with a type of SpektrA A-20 Variant Plus using a mixture of Air-Acetylene flame. The result showed the variation of Cu and Pb concentrations in each of species and three organs observed. The concentration of Cu and Pb in the liver was higher than in the gills and the muscle (liver>gills>muscle). The concentration of Cu and Pb in the muscle of all fish species were not exceed the safe limit for consumption. Keywords: Cu and Pb, consumed fish, Musi River estuary

Biosorption of Heavy Metal by Algae Biomass in Surface Water

Discharging wastewater containing heavy metals of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd into water bodies can cause toxicity in plants and aquatic animals and some of them will be unable to survive except algae. Wastewater treatment method to remove heavy metal contaminants includes chemical precipitation, ion exchange, membrane, filtration, adsorption using activated carbon. However, these methods are either expensive or have other disadvantages such as high energy consumption and inefficiencies when existing heavy metals are at trace concentration. Biosorption using algae biomass can be an alternative method to eliminate heavy metals. The objective of the project is to investigate the capability of Marine Algae (MA) and Freshwater Algae (FA) bi-omass in adsorbing heavy metals of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd from water medium using synthetic water and industrial water. MA and FA were obtained from the eastern coast of Pulau Ubin and local fish farm respectively. After being fully washed with deionised water, dried in a furnace for 105°C, they are grinded to pass 1 mm2 of siever. MA and FA were characterised using FTIR to determine their functional groups. An industrial water was collected from industrial discharge from metal fac-tories in northern side of Singapore. Effect of adsorption time, adsorbent concentra-tion, and pH were studied. The result showed that FA and MA had a higher capability in adsorbing a total metal of about 40 ppm level from an industrial water, or 4 times than synthetic water concentration, at the same adsorbent dosage of 50 mg. In con-clusion, the presence of various functional groups, hydroxyl, carboxylic and amine groups, in all MA and FA samples had enabled the algae biomass to adsorb heavy metals of Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn from synthetic and industrial water. Due to their bio-sorptive properties and fast adsorption capability, algae could be a potential method for cleaning up surface water or post-treatment of wastewater and minimise the cost of eutrophication.

Evaluation of the pollution and human health risks posed by heavy metals in the atmospheric dust in Ebinur Basin in Northwest China.

Recently, a large amount of research assessing pollution levels and the related health risks posed by atmosphere dust has been undertaken worldwide. However, little work has been done in the oases of the arid regions of Northwest China. In this paper, we studied the pollution and health risks over a year of seven heavy metals in the atmospheric dust of Ebinur Basin, a typical oasis in Northwest China. The results showed the following: (1) The annual amount of atmospheric deposition in Ebinur Basin was 298.23gm(-2) and the average monthly atmospheric deposition was 25.06gm(-2). The average and maximum values of the seven heavy metals measured were all below the National Soil Environmental Quality Standards (2nd). (2) Heavy metals of Cu, Cr, and As in the atmospheric deposition mainly originated from the natural geological background, while Zn came from human activity. This study also showed that among the seven measured heavy metals, the ratios of the no-pollution status of Pb, Cd, and Hg were higher than those of others with moderate degrees of pollution also accounting for a certain ratio. (3) The carcinogenic risks from As, Cd, and Cr were all lower than the corresponding standard limit values, and these metals are considered not harmful to the health of the basin. However, there is a relatively high risk of exposure for children from hand-to-mouth intake, which is worthy of attention. This research showed that both human activity and natural factors, such as wind and altitude, influenced the heavy metal contents in the atmospheric dust of the study area. Furthermore, recent human activity in the study area had the most negative influence on the accumulation of the heavy metals and the corresponding health risks, especially for Hg, Pb, and Cd, which is worthy of attention.

海洋酸化条件下铜、镉对日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus)的急性毒性研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 海洋酸化条件下铜、镉对日本虎斑猛水蚤的急性毒性效应 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201211271682 作者: 作者单位: 中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,中国海洋大学海洋生命学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41106122）；山东省自然科学基金资助项目（ZR2010CM013）；中国海洋大学高校基本科研业务费青年教师科研专项基金资助项目（201113043）；国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放基金资助项目（201018） Effect of simulated ocean acidification on the acute toxicity of Cu and Cd to Tigriopus japonicus Author: Affiliation: Ocean University of China,Ocean University of China,Ocean University of China,Ocean University of China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以日本虎斑猛水蚤（Tigriopus japonicus）为试验生物，采用高纯度CO2和空气的混合气体调配试验所需酸化海水（pH值7.70、7.30、6.50），研究不同海水酸化条件下铜、镉对海洋生物的急性毒性效应。结果表明：单一CO2酸化海水对日本虎斑猛水蚤存活的影响不显著；海水酸化对铜和镉急性毒性的影响效应有差异。铜在低pH值（6.5）时对日本虎斑猛水蚤的毒性最强，96h LC50浓度为0.64 mg/L，明显低于pH值为8.0、7.7、7.3对日本虎斑猛水蚤的96h LC50浓度，其分别为1.98，1.19，1.05 mg/L，随pH值下降，96h LC50下降了近3倍。海水酸化使镉的96h LC50略呈下降趋势，但对其急性毒性影响效应并不显著；pH值为7.7和7.3时，铜的安全浓度分别为11.9、10.5 μg/L，接近于中国海水二类水质标准。本研究表明随着海洋酸化的进程我国近海水域将面临铜污染加剧的威胁。 Abstract:Heavy metals pollution in marine environments has caused great damage to marine biological and ecological systems. Heavy metals accumulate in marine creatures, after which they are delivered to higher trophic levels of marine organisms through the marine food chain, which causes serious harm to marine biological systems and human health. Additionally, excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has caused ocean acidification. Indeed, about one third of the CO2 released into the atmosphere by anthropogenic activities since the beginning of the industrial revolution has been absorbed by the world's oceans, which play a key role in moderating climate change. Modeling has shown that, if current trends in CO2 emissions continue, the average pH of the ocean will reach 7.8 by the end of this century, corresponding to 0.5 units below the pre-industrial level, or a three-fold increase in H+ concentration. The ocean pH has not been at this level for several millions of years. Additionally, these changes are occurring at speeds 100 times greater than ever previously observed. As a result, several marine species, communities and ecosystems might not have time to acclimate or adapt to these fast changes in ocean chemistry. In addition, decreasing ocean pH has the potential to seriously affect the growth, development and reproduction reproductive processes of marine organisms, as well as threaten normal development of the marine ecosystem. Copepods are an important part of the meiofauna that play an important role in the marine ecosystem. Pollution of the marine environment can influence their growth and development, as well as the ecological processes they are involved in. Accordingly, there is important scientific value to investigation of the response of copepods to ocean acidification and heavy metals pollution. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of simulated future ocean acidification and the toxicological interaction between ocean acidity and heavy metals of Cu and Cd on T. japonicus. To accomplish this, harpacticoids were exposed to Cu and Cd concentration gradient seawater that had been equilibrated with CO2 and air to reach pH 8.0, 7.7, 7.3 and 6.5 for 96 h. Survival was not significantly suppressed under single sea water acidification, and the final survival rates were greater than 93% in both the experimental groups and the controls. The toxicity of Cu to T. japonicus was significantly affected by sea water acidification, with the 96h LC50 decreasing by nearly threefold from 1.98 to 0.64 mg/L with decreasing pH. The 96 h LC50 of Cd decreased with decreasing pH, but there was no significant difference in mortality among pH treatments. The results of the present study demonstrated that the predicted future ocean acidification has the potential to negatively affect survival of T. japonicus by exacerbating the toxicity of Cu. The calculated safe concentrations of Cu were 11.9 (pH 7.7) and 10.5 (pH 7.3) μg/L, which were below the class I value and very close to the class II level of the China National Quality Standard for Sea Water. Overall, these results indicate that the Chinese coastal sea will face a contamination threat from Cu with increasing ocean acidification. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Use of Ornamental in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge

Goosegrass Herb ( Eleusine indica ) and Canna (Canna indica L.) were used to remove the heavy metals of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in the sewage sludge by potted planting. Taking the soil mixed by sludge and crimson soil according to sludge percent 25% to cultivate Goosegrass Herb and increasing the harvesting times could enhanced the removal efficiency of heavy metals significantly. Goosegrass Herb could be considered as the remediation plant for Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni. By Canna planting, final Zn, Ni and Cd contents in soil mixture could be reduced significantly, Canna could be used to reduce the Cd ,Ni and Zn concentration in sludge amended soil.

Effect of chitosan on the available contents and vertical distribution of Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ in different textural soils

Chitosan, an environment-friendly biopolymer, has been adopted to remedy contaminated soils by heavy metals of Cu 2+ and Cd 2+. Experimental results demonstrated that, within the first 7 d, available Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ contents in three textural soils (clay, loam, and sandy soil) decreased significantly after chitosan application. Moreover, the available Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ contents in soil layers of 14–16 cm and 24–26 cm were significantly reduced than that in 4–6 cm after 7 d of chitosan application. Our investigation suggested that application of 0.9 g chitosan kg −1 DW soil for 7 d could be perfect for the remediation of the soil contaminated by Cu 2+ and Cd 2+.