Heavy Impurities Research Articles

The Toxicological Safety Assessment of Heavy Metal Impurities (As, Pb, and Cd) in Mint Tea Infusions (Mentha piperita L.) Available in Polish Markets.

Mint tea (Mentha piperita L.) is one of the most widely consumed single infusion herbal teas (infusion) around the world; however, impurities and pollutants can pose a potential health risk to human health during tea drinking. The idea of this study was the comprehensive toxicological risk assessment (TRA) of three heavy metals (As, Pb, and Cd) in mint tea infusions (Mentha piperita L.; n = 17) available in Polish markets. We applied an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)-based methodology for the determination of the chosen heavy metals and designed a specific TRA approach. The first step in our TRA was the determination of the elements investigated (heavy metal impurity profile, µg/L of infusion). The second step was the estimation of the weekly intake (µg/L of infusion/week) based on the weekly consumption of tea. The third step was the estimation of the weekly intake per body weight (µg/L of infusion/week/bw) based on the weekly consumption of tea per adult person compared to the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The level of investigated heavy metals occurs in all of the investigated mint tea infusions but at a relatively low level. The heavy metal profile indicated presence of As (0.36-1.254µg/L), Pb (0.47-1.24µg/L), and Cd (0.17-0.40µg/L) in all the samples investigated. The basic analysis of the general content shows that As levels (mean = 0.70µg/L) were very similar to the Pb levels (mean = 0.72µg/L). The Cd content (mean = 0.21µg/L) was approximately 3.5 times lower than the As and Pb levels. TRA provides satisfactory results for regulatory purposes. TRA for the elements investigated in the analyzed products indicated that there was no health hazard to consumers for weekly exposure. The results indicated that the levels of investigated elements in daily doses should not represent any health hazard to the consumer after drinking mini tea infusions from products available in Polish markets. This well-designed TRA methodology was useful and important for regulatory toxicology purposes.

Argon pumpout by ICRF waves in C-Mod L- and I-mode plasmas

Pumpout of argon ions by ICRF waves has been observed in C-Mod deuterium L- and I-mode plasmas that had a substantial hydrogen fraction. The effect is manifested by a reduction of core argon x-ray brightness up to a factor of 90% on time scales of tens of milliseconds following injection of ICRF power. For Ar16+, the pumpout is strongest for hydrogen minority concentrations between 0.25 and 0.4, when the ICRF waves are not expected to result in minority heating. Modeling with the TORIC code suggests that the pumpout process occurs when the H/D mode conversion layer overlaps with the 2nd harmonic impurity resonance layer. The magnitude of the argon pumpout is independent of ICRF power above an apparent threshold of ∼500 kW, independent of electron density and appears to decrease as the plasma current is increased. Potential application as a heavy impurity control tool in reactors is discussed.

The Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Impurities (Cd and Pb) in Herbal Medicinal Products as Menthae piperitae tinctura (Mentha × piperita L., folium) Available in Pharmacies from Poland.

Appropriate human health risk assessment (HHRA) is desire in modern regulatory toxicology, especially for elemental impurity studies. The aim of this article is the comprehensive HHRA of two heavy metals impurities—Cd and Pb in herbal medicinal products (HMP) as Menthae piperitae tinctura (Mentha × piperita L., folium) available in Polish pharmacies. These phytopharmaceuticals registered in EU are very common and usually applied OTC products by adults and also children/adolescents. For this purpose, we applied double regulatory approach, including: (1) requirements of ICH Q3D R1 guideline about elemental impurities and (2) additionally margin of exposure (MoE)-based concept to cover also specific population groups. Raw results shows that Cd and Pb were present in all analyzed HMP with Mentha × piperita L., folium (PTM1–PTM10) available in Polish pharmacies. In all samples, Cd impurities (in the range: 0.305–0.506 µg/L) were greatly lower than Pb impurities (in the range: 1.122–4.4921 µg/L). The HHRA of Cd and Pb impurities considering ICH Q3D R1 guideline-based approach made it possible to conclude that all results were below the permissible limit set by FAO/WHO for medicinal herbs and plants in different countries (300 µg/kg for Cd and 10,000 µg/kg for Pb). Additionally, the estimated daily intake of investigated elemental impurities compared to the PDE value confirm all samples safety. The second approach, an MoE-based strategy, indicated that the obtained values of MoE for Cd and Pb in daily dose for each samples were above 10,000; hence, exposure to these elemental impurities would not cause a health risk for all investigated population groups (children, adolescents, and adults). To the best our knowledge, this article is the first study about heavy metals impurities level in final HMPs as Menthae piperitae tinctura (Mentha × piperita L., folium) available in Polish pharmacies.

A hybrid batch distillation/membrane process for high purification part 2: Removing of heavy impurities from xenon extracted from natural gas

High-purity xenon of 6 N purity grade and higher is widely used in electronics, space, and medicine. A hybrid distillation/membrane process for the purification of xenon extracted from natural gas by gas hydrate crystallization is studied experimentally and via simulations. Membrane gas separation data for xenon-containing mixtures is measured for polysulfone membrane and polyetherimide/polyimide blend membrane. Parametric analysis and process optimization are performed in Aspen Plus Dynamics™ for a middle-vessel batch distillation column with an integrated hollow fiber membrane unit implemented via Aspen Custom Modeler™. Removal of higher- and lower-boiling impurities such as ethane, carbon dioxide, propane, methane, and krypton is considered to achieve 6 N and 9 N target purity grades. Hybrid distillation/membrane process flowsheets built with a multi-stream passive heat exchanger with either retentate or permeate being returned to the column are analysed. It is shown that the operating conditions and the configuration of the hybrid process with a membrane separation treatment of heavy impurities fraction can be tailored to achieve up to 30% increase in batch productivity for the considered case studies and improve xenon recovery reaching above 99.8% as compared to standalone batch distillation, which is especially critical for higher purity grades.

Multi-chamber GEM-based concept of radiated power/SXR measurement system for use in high radiation environment of DEMO

This work describes the progress of development of total core radiation power and soft X-ray (SXR) diagnostic system designed in accordance with the DEMO control requirements. Monitoring of energy loss through the separatrix is necessary for reliable plasma control. Data gathered by this system could also be helpful for studying spatial distribution of heavy impurities, MHD modes and their localization, plasma shape and position.Gas electron multiplier (GEM) technology is assessed as a base for a new radiated SXR power measurement system. The main advantages of this technology are the compactness of GEM detector, good temporal and spatial resolution, the ability to discriminate energy of incident photons and better neutron resilience than existing systems. All of these make it potentially a good candidate for SXR diagnostic system in ITER and DEMO.The scope of the study includes analysis of the feasibility of selected approaches, the design of the diagnostic system, necessary simulations and engineering considerations, and the proposal of an integration scenario. Preliminary design considerations for the GEM-sensor-based system under development have been done. Plasma radiation intensities and spectra have been simulated using data from the appropriate DEMO scenario. A concept of the photosensitive chamber has been assessed. Photoabsorption simulations with the proposed structure and parameters have been conducted and the results have been discussed.

Exact Quasiparticle Properties of a Heavy Polaron in BCS Fermi Superfluids.

We present the Ramsey response and radio-frequency spectroscopy of a heavy impurity immersed in an interacting Fermi superfluid, using the exact functional determinant approach. We describe the Fermi superfluid through the conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory and investigate the role of the pairing gap on quasiparticle properties revealed by the two spectroscopies. The energy cost for pair breaking prevents Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe that occurs in a noninteracting Fermi gas and allows the existence of polaron quasiparticles in the exactly solvable heavy impurity limit. Hence, we rigorously confirm the remarkable features such as dark continuum, molecule-hole continuum, and repulsive polaron. For a magnetic impurity scattering at finite temperature, we predict additional resonances related to the subgap Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound state, whose positions can be used to measure the superfluid pairing gap. For a nonmagnetic scattering at zero temperature, we surprisingly find undamped repulsive polarons. These exact results might be readily observed in quantum gas experiments with Bose-Fermi mixtures that have a large-mass ratio.

Heavy polarons in ultracold atomic Fermi superfluids at the BEC-BCS crossover: Formalism and applications

We investigate the system of a heavy impurity embedded in a paired two-component Fermi gas at the crossover from a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid via an extension of the functional determinant approach (FDA). FDA is an exact numerical approach applied to study manifestations of Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe (OC) in the system of a static impurity immersed in an ideal Fermi gas. Here, we extend the FDA to a strongly correlated superfluid background described by a BCS mean-field wave function. In contrast to the ideal Fermi gas case, the pairing gap in the BCS superfluid prevents the OC and leads to genuine polaron signals in the spectrum. Thus our exactly solvable model can provide a deeper understanding of polaron physics. In addition, we find that the polaron spectrum can be used to measure the superfluid pairing gap, and in the case of a magnetic impurity, the energy of the subgap Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound state. Our theoretical predictions can be examined with state-of-art cold-atom experiments.

Understanding core heavy impurity transport in a hybrid discharge on EAST

The behavior of heavy/high-Z impurity tungsten (W) in the core of hybrid (high normalized beta β N plasmas) scenario on EAST with international thermonuclear experimental reactor-like divertor is analyzed. W accumulation is often observed and seriously degrades the plasma performance (Gao et al 2017 Nucl. Fusion 57 056021). The dynamics of the W accumulation process of a hybrid discharge are examined considering the concurrent evolution of the background plasma parameters. It is found that the toroidal rotation and density peaking of the bulk plasma are usually large in the central region, which is particularly prone to the W accumulation. A time slice during the W accumulation phase is modeled, accounting for both neoclassical and turbulent transport components of W, through NEO with poloidal asymmetry effects induced by toroidal rotation, and TGLF, respectively. This modeling reproduces the experimental observations of W accumulation and identifies the neoclassical inward convection/pinch velocity of W due to the large density peaking of the bulk plasma and toroidal rotation in the central region as one of the main reasons for the W accumulation. In addition, the NEO + TGLF + STRAHL modeling can not only predict the core W density profile but also closely reconstruct the radiated information mainly produced by W in the experiment.

The Toxicological Assessment of Content and Exposure of Heavy Metals (Pb and Cd) in Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products with Marshmallow Root (Althaea officinalis L., radix) from Polish Pharmacies.

The level of potentially toxic elements (PTE) in phytopharmaceuticals can be a potential threat to human health through the food chain. The traditional herbal medicinal products (THMPs) with the marshmallow root (Althaea officinalis L., radix), which we can find in European pharmacies, are widely used among the European population. However, recently, voices have been heard in the public about alleged PTE occurrence. In this article, the levels of Pb and Cd impurities were measured in samples of THMPs with marshmallow root available in Polish pharmacies (n = 10). Our proposed toxicological approach was based on two important issues. The first was PTE levels (Pb: 1.60–6.80 μg/L and Cd: 0.80–3.81 μg/L presented as raw results) in comparison with the permissible limit set by FAO/WHO for medicinal herbs (10,000 µg/kg for Pb and 300 µg/kg for Cd) and also ICH Q3D guidelines (0.5 μg/g for Pb and also Cd). The second was the estimation of exposure of investigated PTE in a single dose and daily dose for each THMP. It should be noted that the content of analyzed heavy metals in a single dose of analyzed products was very low, and hence is not a threat for patients. The obtained daily intake of heavy metals impurities in comparison with PDE values confirms the safety of all analyzed phytopharmaceuticals (all of the samples meet the standards of the ICH Q3D guideline). It can be summarized that each of the analyzed THMP with marshmallow root available in Poland are safe for the patients. Based on literature review, this article is the first study about heavy metals impurities level in final THMPs with A. officinalis L., radix (marshmallow root) available in European pharmacies.

Stochastic dynamics and bound states of heavy impurities in a Fermi bath

We investigate the dynamics of heavy impurities embedded in an ultracold Fermi gas by using a generalized Langevin equation. The latter---derived by means of influence functional theory---describes how the stochastic classical dynamics of the impurities and the quantum nature of the fermionic bath manifests in the emergent interaction between the impurities and in the viscosity tensor. By focusing on the two-impurity case, we predict the existence of bound states, in different conditions of coupling and temperature, whose lifetime can be analytically estimated. Our predictions should be testable using cold-gases platforms within current technology.

The challenge to produce magnetic nanoparticles from waste containing heavy metals aiming at biomedical application: New horizons of chemical recycling

Silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles (SMNPs) were prepared by a green approach based on waste pickling acid. A set of techniques (PXRD, ATR, VSM, SEM, TEM, DLS and XPS) was used for their characterization, and for monitoring the levels of heavy metal impurities. The SMNPs presented an expected profile, similar to that reported for nanoparticles produced from fresh chemicals. The crystallinity and magnetic saturation confirmed the formation of the Fe3O4 phase, silanol and siloxane absorption bands, as well as TEM images confirmed the coating SiO2. The SMNPs chosen for the biomedical tests did not present a significant level of contaminants, and the non-toxic silica coat produced by the sol-gel method ensured a preliminary study on its biocompatibility with reproductive cells in vitro. SMNPs presented a high ability to immobilize spermatozoon cells, suggesting that a fine control of their surface charge must be carried out for specific biomedical purposes. The agglomeration of the solid NPs was evidenced by SEM and by DLS measurements. Its aggregation was tuned by sonication, and a 5-min long ultrasound treatment was capable of halving the agglomerate size, allowing a one-to-one interaction (one SMNPs agglomerate to each cell). The CASA system used to monitor the semen quality showed that vigor, motility and velocity parameters were kept at levels very close to the control group. Finally, a waste-based input submitted to a meticulous purification process could be used as a source for magnetic materials synthesis and evaluated in the biomedical field as long as all precautions are taken into account.

Comparative Toxicity of Interferon Beta-1a Impurities of Heavy Metal Ions.

Background and Objectives: Providing a proper quality control of drugs is essential for efficient treatment of various diseases minimizing the possible side effects of pharmaceutical active substances and potential impurities. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that certain heavy metalloids and metals interfere with protein folding of nascent proteins in cells and their biological function can be altered. It is unknown whether the drug impurities including heavy metals may affect the tertiary protein structure. Materials and Methods: ReciGen and Rebif are pharmaceutical interferon beta-1a (IFNβ-1a) contained in preparations that are used for parenteral administration. Heavy metal impurities of these samples have been studied by gel electrophoresis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis (ICP MS). The concentration of heavy metals including mercury, arsenic, nickel, chromium, iron, and aluminum did not exceed permitted levels established by International Council for Harmonisation guideline for elemental impurities. Results: The ICP MS analysis revealed the presence of heavy metals, moreover zeta potential was significantly different for IFNβ-1a, which can be an indirect indication of the difference in composition of ReciGen and Rebif samples, respectively. FTIR analysis revealed very similar amide I and II bonds at 1654 and 1560 cm−1 attributed to the peptide absorption peaks of IFNβ-1a in Rebif and ReciGen. Conclusions: It was hypothesized that the IFNβ-1a complex binds heavy metals affecting the tertiary protein structure and may lead to some side effects of drug administration. Further testing of IFNβ-1a bioequivalence for parenteral application is necessary.

Healing plasma current ramp-up by nitrogen seeding in the full tungsten environment of WEST

Achieving a successful plasma current ramp-up in a full tungsten tokamak can be challenging due to the large core radiation (and resulting low core temperature) that can be faced with this heavy metallic impurity if its relative concentration is too high. Nitrogen injection during the plasma current ramp-up of WEST discharges greatly improves the core temperature and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability. Experimental measurements and integrated simulations with the RAPTOR code, complemented with the QuaLiKiz neural network for computing turbulent transport, allow a detailed understanding of the mechanisms at play. Increased edge radiation during this transient phase is shown to improve confinement properties, driving higher core temperature and better MHD stability. This also leads to increased operation margins with respect to tungsten contamination.

Study the Effect of Laser on some Natural Dyes, Pharmaceutical Drugs and Chemical Compounds

Due to the change of some drugs and natural products in the chemical components or chemical structure by exposing them to a laser beam or light, and the effect of heavy metals that may be present in them as a component in them, or as impurities in some medicines, colored dyes, and natural products. The presence of light and laser beam has been studied at time 40 minutes. There are chemical reactions or chemical bonds that may form between the metal ions of medicines such as ibuprofen, folic acid, librex, ranitidine, albendazole and the iron drug, except for Ca 2+ and Ni 2+ because they have the same λ max, and, the pigments found in carrots, red cabbage, beets, turmeric, and maringa , sage, excluding Ca 2+ and Ni 2+ due to having the same λ max, beet, folic acid, iporphine, and, turmeric had the most changes with metal ions, Cu, Ca, Ag, Ni, Fe, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn and Mn ions after inducing the laser beam. The Ca 2+, and Ni 2+ ions are the most stable ions with all drugs, and pigments extracted from natural products than the rest of the other ions. Previous studies focused on studying the effect of the laser beam on chemical compounds, both separately. In this study, they focused on the effect of the laser beam on medicines and natural dyes, as well as what they may contain of heavy metals or impurities and the chemical changes that occur with them.

Effects of Ca(OH)2 on the early hydration, macro-performance and environmental risks of the calcined phosphogypsum

The effects of Ca(OH)2 (CH) content (0–2.0 wt%) on the early hydration, macro-performance, and environmental risks of calcined phosphogypsum (CPG) were studied. Particularly, the reasons for “lime sensitivity” were revealed from the perspective of dissolution and precipitation of CPG. Results show that OH− rather than Ca2+ from CH influences the early reaction of CPG. The dissolved OH− makes Al3+, Fe3+, PO43- and F- precipitate, and then a wrapping layer forms around CPG. Besides, excessive CH acts as seeds for crystallization sites and provides sufficient Ca2+ for reaction. Among all the samples, the CPG containing 0.4 wt% CH shows the longest setting time and the lowest 2-h compressive strength, while the CPG containing 2 wt% CH shows reduced setting time and increased compressive strength. The compressive strengths of specimens are consistent with their corresponding pore structure that tested by a mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). With the addition of CH, the volume stability of the CPG-CH systems can be significantly improved. In addition, CH can efficiently stabilize the heavy metal ions and impurity ions. The concentrations of Zn, Ni, Mn, Cr, Cu, and Pb are below the detection limit (approximately 0.02 mg/L), and the concentrations of P and F are reduced to the range of 0.18–0.31 mg/L and 0.085–0.114 mg/L, respectively, which meets the requirements of the Chinese standard GB 8978.

Research of the movement of raw cotton and heavy impurities in the working chamber of pneumatic transport of a new design

Technology of cotton primary processing provides for the cleaning of cotton from weed impurities of two types, i.e. from small (less than 10 mm) and large (over 10 mm) impurities. Nevertheless, cleaning the cotton in these cleaners from heavy, especially solid impurities, regardless of their size is impossible because of the cleaning processes take place in an impact mode, and such impurities upon impacts cause breaking and deformation of the working members of machines, as well as the revival of sparks causing fire phenomena. Therefore, the fall of solid impurities into the chambers of the cleaners and subsequent technological machines is not allowed, which is ensured by the use of linear cleaners, i.e. traps of heavy impurities as part of pneumatic conveying installations. Device for separating heavy cotton blends is installed in the pneumatic conveying system of the cotton plant. This article covers the movement of cotton feathers, as well as patterns in the working chamber of a new type of stone trap based on theoretical solutions.

Removal of pollution accumulated in the process of wastewater discharge from the bottom layer of river systems

Three-dimensional numerical simulation has been performed to investigate the transport of impurities in a two-layer system “liquid-porous medium” for different hydrodynamic regimes of river systems. The dynamics of waste water containing heavy impurities in areas of industrial activity is modeled. The parameters of the numerical experiment correspond to the data of full-scale flow experiments in natural water bodies, part of the reservoir where the Solikamsk-Berezniki industrial hub is located. Due to the influx of brines, pollution accumulates in the hyporheic zone of the river, the fluid flow carries this pollution away through the porous medium, thus the problem is solved of washing out the brine distributed in the porous medium. The computational domain consists of a fluid mass (river) propagating over a porous medium (river bottom, hyporheic zone). It is shown that the concentration of polluting ingredients in the soil of the river bottom near the discharge points increases in the presence of "heavy" impurities. Such problems arise acutely when excess highly mineralized brines are discharged into water bodies located in the industrial areas with “heavy” wastewater, for which, due to significant intra-annual fluctuations in the water level and ice cover, the option with near-bottom wastewater disposal is considered preferable.

First GEM measurements at WEST and perspectives for fast electrons and heavy impurities transport studies in tokamaks

Soft X-ray (SXR) radiation emitted from tokamak plasmas contains very useful information about plasma stability, shape and impurity content, all key parameters to improve plasma performance. In the deuterium-tritium phase of ITER, the high neutron fluxes, gamma and hard X-ray emission will constitute too harsh an environment to permit the use of classical semiconductor detectors. New SXR detector technologies, more robust to such environments, should thus be investigated. First GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier) measurements performed at WEST were successful and showed that both spatially and spectrally resolved calibrated data could be acquired. Strategies to reconstruct tungsten (W) impurity radiation synthetic diagnostics, modelling and real measurements based on multiple diagnostics are proposed.

Design, Development and Performance Evaluation of a Seed Paddy Cleaning Machine

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food crop in Sri Lanka occupying 34% of the total cultivated area. Seed paddy production is one of the major economic activities in the paddy sector, which is fully mechanized only at the large-scale level. Unavailability of an affordable mechanical solution is a big barrier for entering small and medium scale producers in to the seed paddy industry. Therefore, the aim of this study was to introduce an efficient and affordable electrical motor driven small or medium scale paddy cleaning machine for seed paddy production. The main components of the machine are paddy sieving unit, blowing unit and stone separator. According to the variety of paddy, the sieve size of the sieving unit can be changed. The performance of the machine was evaluated using paddy samples with purposely added light and heavy impurities such as straw particles and different sized stones. The suitable speeds for the better operation of sieve, separator and blower were 90, 200 and 960 rpm, respectively. The separation percentages of the large, light, and same size impurities were 96%, 74%, and 86%, respectively. The effective capacity of the machine was 252 kgh-1 with 79% mechanical efficiency. Based on the overall satisfactory performance, the newly built paddy cleaning machine can be recommended to small and medium scale paddy farmers in Sri Lanka. The machine can be further developed with a magnetic separator for removing iron particles.

ATTEMPT TO IMPROVE THE OPERATING AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE COMBINED GRAIN WASHING MACHINE

Washing machines are used in the production lines of grain cleaning departments of flour mills for thorough cleaning of the grain surface, in particular, its grooves from the remnants of organic and mineral dust, microorganisms and mold. In addition, the grain mass during washing is cleaned of hydrodynamically light and heavy impurities - chaff, seeds of waste plants, straw fragments, mineral particles in the form of sand, small stones, lumps of earth, as well as spores and wormwood seeds. At the same time, foreign odors of grain disappear.Experience in the operation of Ж9-БМА machines shows that along with many advantages, they have some disadvantages. In particular, the productivity of the machine 10 t / h does not correspond to the productivity of the conjugated technological equipment of the production line, and the specific water consumption for washing grain is 1.8… 2.0 l / kg, which is too much in modern conditions of acute shortage of drinking water. Enterprises to abandon the use of washing machines. In addition, certain problems and inconveniences are caused by the design of the sieve shell of the impression column. Stamped sieves with scaly asymmetric holes have a low coefficient of living cross section, which complicates the process of dehydration of washed grain, quickly corrode and rub, require special attention during installation or replacement. Therefore, an attempt is made to eliminate these shortcomings.In particular, the reduction of water consumption is achieved due to the elimination of the grain hydraulic conveyor during its transfer from the washing bath to the pressure column. For this purpose, a device for mechanical overloading of grain by a rotary bucket device located within the alloy chamber is used. At the same time, attention was paid to the separation of light organic impurities from the grain. This decision needs further explanation.The functional diagram shows that the initial grain mixture enters the receiving device, which feeds it with a minimum vertical speed into the ascending water streams created by the screws of two grain augers rotating with the same frequency in the opposite direction. The augers pick up the grain and, keeping it afloat in a suspended state, mix it with the water of the washing bath. At the same time the grain is washed and particles are separated from it, which differ from it in terms of density: mineral impurities begin to sink, fall down and through the longitudinal slit in the auger trough fall into the area of the auger for mineral impurities. This auger transports the "stones" in the opposite direction to the funnel with the ejector of the hydrotransporter of mineral particles. Light impurities, during the transportation of grain by grain augers, float to the surface of the water, the level of which in the washing bath is maintained up to the axis of the augers. Together with grain and water, these impurities are pushed out of the bath into the alloy chamber.In the chamber, in the transverse direction, a pipe with a longitudinal absorption slot is installed, the lower edge of which is immersed in water so that the upper layer of water merges into this slot together with light impurities that have surfaced in the washing bath. The amount of water that fuses light impurities can be adjusted by the depth of immersion in water of the lower edge of the absorption hole. To do this, the pipe is rotated relative to its axis with a special handle with a clamp and a pointing scale. One end of the pipe is closed by a plug, and the other passes through a hole in the wall and drains the water with light impurities into the sink sump. The described device provides almost complete removal of light impurities and minimal consumption of floating water. This solution is in the invention according to the copyright certificate 701708404, developed by specialists of the department TOZV. In addition, certain problems and inconveniences are caused by the design of the sieve shell of the squeezing column. Dirt particles tend to stick to the outer surface of the sieve cylinder and block its holes. This can slow down and even stop the separation of water by centrifugation. Therefore, the upper outer surface of the cylinder is washed with water, which in automatic mode is periodically fed to the sieve by the control device and the solenoid valve. It also saves water.