Heavy Crude Fractions Research Articles

Thermodynamic analysis of the gasification product composition of vacuum residuum from the hydroconversion of heavy crude fractions oil

Heavy residual stock obtained by the vacuum distillation of the hydroconversion products (T = 425°C; P = 6 MPa; a nanoheterogeneous catalyst based on molybdenum sulfide) of heavy residual carbonic (high-sulfur) oil is a starting material for gasification. The equilibrium composition of gasification products (P = 0.1 MPa; α = 0.3; 20 wt % H2O) over the temperature range of 519–1626 K was calculated using chemical thermodynamics methods. The yields of the main compounds of Mo, V, Ni, Ag, Au, As, Co, Ga, Fe, Al, Si, Ca, and Mg (mol/kg residue) and their amounts in gas and condensed phases were determined. The volumes and compositions of gaseous products were also determined as functions of temperature at different sulfur concentrations of 9.5 and 4.75 wt % in the starting vacuum residue.

Comparative Ebulliometry: a Simple, Reliable Technique for Accurate Measurement of the Number Average Molecular Weight of Macromolecules. Preliminary Studies on Heavy Crude Fractions

This article is divided into two parts. In the first part, the authors present a comparison of the major techniques for the measurement of the molecular weight of macromolecules. The bibliographic results are gathered in several tables. In the second part, a comparative ebulliometer for the measurement of the number average molecular weight (Mn) of heavy crude oil fractions is described. The high efficiency of the apparatus is demonstrated with a preliminary study of atmospheric distillation residues and resins. The measurement of molecular weights up to 2000 g/mol is possible in less than 4 hours with an uncertainty of about 2%.

Determination of nickel, vanadium, and sulfur in crudes and heavy crude fractions by inductively coupled argon plasma atomic emission spectrometry and flame atomic absorption spectrometry

Determination of nickel, vanadium, and sulfur in crudes and heavy crude fractions by inductively coupled argon plasma atomic emission spectrometry and flame atomic absorption spectrometry