Heat Transfer Rate Research Articles

Consequences of Thermal Diffusion and Chemical Reaction on Mixed Convection MHD Casson Fluid through Porous Media with Inclined Plates

In this present article, we analyzed the effects of Thermal diffusion and chemical reaction on nonlinear mixed convection MHD flow of viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past an inclined porous channel under the influence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction. The transformed conservation equations are solved analytically subject to physically appropriate boundary conditions by using two term perturbation technique. The numerical values of fluid velocity, fluid temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically whereas those of skin friction coefficient, rate of heat transfer and rate of mass transfer at the plate are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. It is observed that the velocity is decreased with increasing magnetic field parameter. The resultant velocity and concentration has enhances with increasing thermal diffusion parameters. The study is relevant to chemical materials processing applications.

Frosting characteristics of microchannel heat exchangers: Parametric studies and correlation development

Recently, microchannel heat exchangers (MCHX) have been widely used in heat pump systems due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and high efficiency of heat transfer. However, when the MCHX operates in frosting conditions, its performance is adversely affected. To study the frost formation and distribution characteristics of MCHX, a comprehensive parametric study was performed for the MCHX with a larger fin pitch. The effects of fin geometries and environmental parameters on the frosting characteristics of MCHX were studied. Fin height (Fh) can effectively inhibit frost formation, which is due to the increase of surface temperature with the increase of Fh. When Fh increased from 6.0 mm to 11.8 mm, the frost time increased by 30.5 %. However, the increase in Fh also brings the penalty of reduced heat transfer rate. The effect of fin depth (Fd) on frost formation performance is small because the frost is mainly deposited in the front part, resulting in the rear fin cannot work efficiently. Fin pitch (Fp) is the most significant structural parameter affecting frosting performance. When Fp increases from 1.6 mm to 4 mm, the frosting time increases by 4 times and frost mass increased by 2.2 times. This is because with the increase of Fp, the frost blocking in the front part can be effectively delayed, and the distribution uniformity of the frost layer is improved. Lower surface temperature and higher humidity ratio significantly promote frost formation and reduce the uniformity of frost distribution. When the inlet temperature is reduced from −5 °C to −8 °C, the frosting time is shortened by 2.15 times, and the frost mass is reduced by 55.7 %. When the relative humidity increases from 76 % to 92 %, the frosting time is shortened by 2.15 times, and the frost mass is reduced by 42.5 %. The air velocity has a minor impact on the growth rate of frost in the front part. However, as the air velocity increases, the uniformity of frost distribution is significantly improved. When the air velocity increased from 1.1 m s−1 to 2.2 m s−1, the mass of accumulated frost increased by 29.5 %. Furthermore, frost thickness and air-side heat transfer coefficient correlations were developed by testing 12 samples. The developed heat transfer coefficient correlation can accurately capture the changing trend of the j-factor. This study provides a fundamental understanding of the frosting characteristics of MCHX and can effectively guide the louvered fin optimization.

Local entropy generation optimization and thermodynamic irreversibility analysis of oval-shaped coaxial ground heat exchangers: A detailed numerical investigation

Optimizing the heat transfer and thermodynamic efficiency of Ground Heat Exchangers (GHE) is crucial for maximizing the energy efficiency of Ground-coupled Heat Pump (GCHP) systems utilized in building heating and cooling applications. This study pioneers an effective approach of both the first and second laws of thermodynamics of the newly oval-shaped coaxial GHEs (oval-CGHEs), assessing heat transfer, thermohydraulic performance, and local entropy generation rate to explore the optimum design and operational conditions for heat exchange maximization and entropy generation minimization. Utilizing a three-dimensional numerical model validated by experimental results, this study examines the trade-offs between heat transfer improvements and entropy generation rate intensification of the oval-CGHEs in comparison to the typical circular-shaped CGHE (circle-CGHE) further than exploring the effect of key operational and design parameters and performing sensitivity analysis. The results reveal that oval-CGHEs exhibit higher irreversibility as a penalty for their superior heat transfer capabilities compared to traditional circular-shaped CGHEs (circle-CGHE), which can be mitigated by optimizing the position of the inner tube. Moreover, the study underscores the criticality of maintaining a balance between enhanced heat transfer and the associated rise in irreversibility, particularly concerning the factors of mass flow rates and installation depths.

Effect of connection methods on hygrothermal performance of prefabricated concrete building walls

With the ongoing surge in global energy demand and the escalating environmental concerns, attention has turned to building energy consumption in numerous countries. According to a 2019 report by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the global building industry is responsible for 36 % of energy consumption, ranking first among all industries. The 2022 China Building Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions Research Report highlighted that in 2020, China's building energy consumption and carbon emissions represented 45.5 % and 50.9 % of the national total, respectively. Achieving carbon neutrality now hinges on decarbonizing buildings. Prefabricated buildings, as a prime example of industrialized construction, aid in reducing carbon emissions through standardized, factory-based production. However, unlike conventional construction, prefabricated concrete buildings (the dominant form of prefabricated buildings) employ metal connectors to join the prefabricated components. These metal connectors generate thermal bridges that can influence heat and moisture transfer through the walls. In this study, a coupled heat and moisture transfer model will be established to analyze the influence of different connection methods on the hygrothermal performance in prefabricated concrete building envelopes. Two typical connection methods for prefabricated buildings are mainly investigated: the grouted sleeve connection and the bolted connection. The findings indicate that different connection methods for prefabricated building connectors increase both the heat and moisture transfer rates in prefabricated concrete structures. Compared to the grouted sleeve connection method, the bolt connection method has a more significant impact on the thermal and moisture performance of the wall. In the tests on the T-shaped structure, the grouted sleeve connections increase heat transfer by 9%–10 %, while the bolt connections increase it by 52%–55 %. During summer, the bolt connections show a 7.42 % higher moisture transfer than the grouted sleeve connections, whereas, in winter, the bolt connections reduce moisture transfer by 12.4 % more than the grouted sleeve connections.

A Comparative study of flow and C[sbnd]C heat flux over a magnetic field under the influence of nanomaterial and carbon nanotubes

The aim of this study is to investigate convective heat transfer on a flat surface in the presence of magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) flow. The analysis considers the Darcy-Forchheimer porosity medium in the flow. The study focuses on analyzing the heat transfer rate, incorporating joule heating and convective-conductive heat flux effects. The influence of varying fluid properties on the flow behavior is examined. The governing flow equations are initially expressed as partial differential equations (PDEs) and then transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using appropriate similarity transformations. The numerical method RKF-45 is employed to solve these ODEs. The results highlight the impact of different parameters in the model. It is observed that a higher Darcy parameter leads to a decrease in fluid velocity. Additionally, the performance of carbon nanotubes is superior compared to MoS2 nanoparticles in this study.

Thermochemical battery prototypes with conductive heat extraction

Thermochemical energy storage is a viable option for large-scale storage of renewable energy. Functional storage systems require a high cycling capacity and an efficient heat extraction unit to guarantee reliable energy storage and subsequent power production. This article investigates the performance of thermochemical battery prototypes that use conductive heat extraction via metallic rods. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the storage material, CaCO3-Al2O3 (20 wt%), used in the prototypes, were studied along with the cyclic carbon dioxide sorption capacity, which was retained at 60 %. The reaction thermodynamics and kinetics of this doped CaCO3 compound are similar to those reported for pure calcium carbonate (ΔHdes = 173 ± 10 kJ.mol−1 CO2 and ΔSdes = 147 ± 9 J.mol−1 CO2·K−1). The two prototypes were constructed using either a stainless-steel rod or a stainless-steel tube with a copper core as conductive heat exchanger. The thermochemical battery prototypes (∼1 kg) cycled >30 times, with thermal charging (calcination) and discharging (carbonation) at ∼900 °C. The storage material is sensitive to the operating conditions of pressure and temperature, which influence the formation of various calcium aluminium oxide compounds that either catalyse or inhibit the cyclic capacity. The carbon dioxide sorption capacity in the prototypes was found to be limited (20 %) and capacity loss was correlated to the temperature distribution through the storage material and limited by the heat transfer rate of the heat extraction system. The heat transfer performance of the stainless-steel rod was inadequate, while the copper core allowed for better system performance.

Mixed Convection Flow of a Casson Fluid Past a Thin Needle

Mixed Convection Flow of a Casson Fluid Past a Thin Needle

Artificial neural networks strategy to analyze the magnetohydrodynamics Casson-Maxwell nanofluid flow through the cone and disc system space

The Casson-Maxwell model is particularly useful for studying viscoplastic fluids or fluids with yield stress, making it applicable to various engineering applications, including extrusion processes, coating applications, and biomedical fluid dynamics. Casson-Maxwell fluid flow enhances mass transfer rates due to the combined effects of non-Newtonian viscosity and viscoelastic behavior. This is particularly useful in processes where mass transfer limitations play a significant role, such as in multiphase reactions or reactive distillation systems. In the context of the above applications the present model, is the combination of Casson- Maxwell fluids that flow through the varying gap of the spinning cone and disk system (CDS) for the heat transfer enhancement. The magnetic field is also imposed in the upright direction to the flow field. The solution of the transform equations has been obtained through artificial neural networks (ANN). The skin friction, heat transfer rate, and comparative analysis have been done. The Casson-Maxwell parameters that depend on the viscoelastic behavior and high viscosity term, causes the fluid to slow down and tends to store the temperature, for a long time as compared to traditional fluids. The radial component of velocity decreases due to the increase in magnetic field. The relative error of the reference and targeted dates is calculated to demonstrate the best precision efficiency of ANN, with a range of 10−3 to 10−4.

Experimental investigation of the effects of graphene nano particle added water fluid on heat transfer in a smooth tube with double inserts

In this study, experimental studies were carried out to increase the performance of heat exchangers. The effects of two techniques (inserts and nanofluid) on thermohydraulic performance was investigated simultaneously. The twisted tape and the helically wire coil were originally created. The two separation ratios (0.1 and 0.05), the eight twisted tape pitch ratios (1.9/2.3/2.7/3 and 2.1/2.4/2.8/3.2), the four coil wire pitch ratios (0.8/1.2/1.5/1.6) and three weight fractions (0.5/0.75/1 %) for graphene-water nanofluids were used with the Reynolds number ranging from 5000 to 26,000. Experiments in which a coiled wire coil and twisted tape are used together have been found to increase both the heat transfer rate and the friction factor compared to experiments using distilled water in an empty tube. According to the results of all experiments, it was found that the highest heat transfer rate and friction factor were obtained with the model containing graphene-water fluid used at a weight fraction of 1 %. The highest performance evaluation criteria is found as 2.5 b y using the graphene-water mixture model with a wall separation ratio of 0.05, a twisted tape ratio of 2.1, a wire coil ratio of 0.8 and a 1 % weight fraction among all combinations.

An improved dynamic analytical model and the parameter sensitivity analysis of spherical stacking latent thermal energy storage devices

Thermal energy storage technology plays an important role on improving energy usage flexibility for the end users. The spherical stacking latent thermal energy storage devices inherits the advantages of direct thermal energy usage efficiency and simplified practical applications that received widely attentions. However, due to dispersed and multi-layer structural arrangement, the non-ignorable dynamic heat transfer process poses difficulties in the device design and operation control. In this study, an improved analytical model for predicting the transient heat transfer process of spherical stacking devices is developed. After verification, the parameter sensitivity analysis of the device is conducted by using the model. The results show that the dynamic change trend of thermal resistance is distinct for the melting and the solidification process. The developed model can dynamically predict the outlet temperature of heat transfer fluid and the heat transfer efficiency in a good agreement, and the prediction error of outlet temperature during solidification can reach −2.49 %–4.70 %. The correlation between sphere radius and heat transfer rate is negative and reaches a kind of high correlation above 0.8 for solidification process. The inlet temperature and the mass flow rate of heat transfer fluid are the most influential parameters for melting process.

Enhancing the Production of Eco-Friendly Silk Fabrics through the Application of Nonthermal Plasma Wettability Techniques.

The combination of the effects of nonthermal plasma using atmospheric pressure of plasma jet and the photocatalytic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles was used to study the plasma flow modes, electrical characteristics, nonthermal characteristics, antimicrobial measurements, and surface modifications. Using different wettabilities of argon discharges in a laminar flow: (i) wet I, wettability with 2.4 slm argon mixture with oxygen ratio O2, equivalent to 15 mslm (Ar/O2), and (ii) wet II, wettability (Ar/O2) mixture combined with titanium dioxide, to accelerate the inactivation process on the nonwoven fabric surface. For wet 0, wet I, and wet II discharges, the average rate of heat transfer to the nonwoven silk fabric increased significantly. Specifically, it goes from 104.6 to 118.6 and then to 241.7 mW, respectively. The kinetic deactivation rate of Escherichia coli increases starting at 0.20, then going up to 0.32, and finally reaching 0.57 min-1. The increased wettability of the TiO2 photocatalyst results in an enhanced bactericidal rate, which is caused by both the heat impact from the nonthermal jet and potentially photocatalytic disinfection, leading to the generation of active species. The mechanical parameters owing to different wettabilities and plasma interactions with the fabric membrane were tested for the treated samples, such as stiffness, ultimate yield strength, tensile strength, strain, hardening, elongation, resilience, and toughness.

Performance evaluation and optimization of compact tube-fin latent heat storage system in phase change nanoemulsion discharge mode

The low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs) and the reduced heat transfer temperature difference along a tube both limit the thermal performance of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES). Herein, a compact tube-fin LHTES system based on phase change nanoemulsions was developed and the heat transfer process of nanoemulsion and PCM was numerically investigated. The effects of the heat transfer structure of the heat exchanger and the thermophysical parameters of the heat transfer fluid (HTF) on the cold energy discharge performance of the system were quantified. The optimized model reduced the discharge time by 24.4 % in nanoemulsion mode relative to water. Heat transfer improvement on the PCM side could be achieved by decreasing the fin spacing and tube spacing and by increasing the fin thickness. Such improvement reinforced the heat transfer enhancement of the nanoemulsion. The heat transfer mechanism was explained by the temperature distributions of the HTF and PCM along the tube. The phase-change thermostatic properties of the nanoemulsion and PCM contributed to the formation of dual-phase-change coupled heat transfer (i.e., the heat transfer process when the fluid inside the tube and the PCM filled outside the tube undergo a simultaneous phase change) within the LHTES, increasing the heat transfer temperature difference and the magnitude of the driving force. Increasing the phase change temperature difference accelerated the onset of dual-phase-change heat transfer, while increasing the PCM content prolonged the process. Briefly, this study provided operational and design assistance for LHTES systems in nanoemulsion mode with the intention to accelerate heat transfer rates.

Experimental Study of Thermal Contacts for the Enhancement of Interfacial Heat Transfer

Abstract The thermal management in high-performance electronic devices demands the enhanced rate of heat dissipation for controlling operational temperatures and achieving optimal functioning. There are many interfaces in the heat dissipation circuit where thermal interface materials are applied to enhance heat transfer rate. An experimental investigation is presented on metallic contacts to study the interfacial heat transfer with and without a thermal interface material. Thermal contact conductance is known to be an important parameter estimated for the analysis of interfacial heat transfer across the thermal contacts. Therefore, the thermal contact conductance has been evaluated to identify an effective thermal interface material suitable for the present range of contact pressure and heat flux conditions. Silicone grease is a widely used thermal interface material in electronic industry. Thus, commercially available Silicone grease is evaluated in different boundary line thicknesses for a range of contact pressure and mean interface temperatures. Further, a novel composite thermal paste has been prepared by mixing cupric oxide nanopowder and Silicone grease in three different mass concentrations. Eventually, the results for the new thermal paste showed improved thermal contact conductance and lower interfacial temperature drops as compared to Silicone grease for similar test conditions with few limitations.

Enhancement of thermal energy transfer behind a double consecutive expansion utilizing a variable magnetic field

This research focuses on utilizing non-uniform magnetic fields, induced by dipoles, to control and enhance thermal energy transfer in a two-dimensional cooling conduit including a double backward-facing step. The presence of electronic equipment along the straight channel path creates such arrangements, and cooling is often ineffective in the corners of the formed steps. The use of a non-constant magnetic field is a passive technique to improve the cooling rate in these sections without changing the internal geometry, thereby increasing the heat transfer rate. A commercial software based on the finite volume technique is employed to solve the governing equations of fluid flow and heat transfer. Multiple parameters are examined in this study, including the flow Reynolds number (12.5–50), dipole location and strength (0.1–5 A-m), and the number of dipoles (single or double). The results indicate that all of these parameters have a significant impact on the thermal energy transfer. The results of the study show that a single dipole increase the average heat transfer by about 22%, two magnetic fields by 40%, the strength of the magnetic source by 24% with respect to the non-magnetic field in the present study.

Nonlinear dynamics of dissipative water conveying SWCNT/MWCNT/Ferro nanofluid subject to radiation: Thermal analysis by linear slope regression

Carbon nanotubes have gained significant attention due to their unique properties like small dimensions, high thermal conductivity, and unique architecture. These nanotubes have enormous potential in various fields such as nanomedicine, mechanical compound materials, sensor devices, bio-sensors, and many other applications. The present study investigates the impact of adding nanoparticles such as iron oxide (Fe3O4), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) oscillatory water-based flow over a porous medium. The aim is to examine the effect of heat and mass transfer rate and radiative viscous dissipation that interacts with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes. The governing equations of the dynamic nanofluid systems are transformed into a set of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations through suitable dimensionless transformations and further converted into ordinary differential equations by taking appropriate solutions for oscillatory-type nanofluid flow. The homotopy perturbation method is applied to solve the governing equations with oscillatory boundary conditions and the solution is also compared with the numerical solver bvp4c. The rate of increase in the temperature and Heat Transfer are computed by the linear slope regression method and results are computed for nanoparticles SWCNT, MWCNT, and Ferro. Also, Skin friction and rate of heat transfer are computed and compared for the nanoparticles with varying Peclet and Eckert numbers. The velocity profile and temperature profile of SWCNT/MWCNT/Ferro nanofluids are being compared. The heat transfer rate is observed to be high for Ferro nanoparticles compared to SWCNT and MWCNT.

Flow analysis of MHD ternary hybrid nanofluid over a permeable wedge with variable surface temperature and slip effect

A comparative flow analysis of a water based- ternary hybrid nanofluid has been studied in this article over a moving permeable wedge in the presence of variable wedge surface temperature. The model has been developed keeping in mind magnetic, velocity slip, buoyancy, and suction effects. The primary nanoparticle was Nimonic 80A, Fe 3 O 4 being the secondary nanoparticle and Graphene Oxide ( GO ) ternary nanoparticle. The velocity, temperature, heat transfer rate, and shear drag profiles for various parametric values of the magnetic parameter ( M ), velocity ratio parameter ( R ) , velocity slip parameter ( h ) , buoyancy parameter ( γ ) and suction parameter ( S ) was investigated. MATLAB bvp4c code was utilized for obtaining the numerical results by solving the nondimensional differential equations obtained using similarity transformations. All the results and graphs were formulated after a positive outcome of our results with that available in existing literature. An increase in the velocity slip parameter ( h ) and velocity ratio parameter ( R ) resulted in an increase in velocity profiles and local Nusselt number graphs while a reverse trend was observed for temperature and skin friction profiles. Also, the velocity graphs faced an increase by 0.09% with an increment in M = 0.4 to M = 0.8 . The present study finds its extensive applications in medical industries, water heaters, and forging of hot exhaust valve heads.

Influence of loading on the heat transfer rate and specific water consumption of detached loosed fresh palm fruits during vertical mini-batch sterilization

This study presents the effect of loading on the heat transfer rate and specific water consumption of detached loosed fresh palm fruits during sterilization. Sterilization is an integral process of palm oil extraction that consumes a lot of water. However, most industrial research in the past focused on fresh fruit bunch (FFB) sterilization dynamics. At the same time, the medium- and small-scale industries sterilize already detached loosed fresh palm fruits (LFPF) that have been removed from the spikelet as purchased from aggregators. Therefore, the process data generated from the sterilization of FFB might not be optimal for sterilizing LFPF. This study, therefore, investigates the transient response of variation in LFPF loading of the sterilization chamber to steam injection during steam sterilization of LFPF at 3 ± 0.5 bars using a vertical, single-peak LFPF sterilizer that combines the boiler and sterilizer in a single unit. The LFPF were loaded at mass intervals of 0.2 kg ranging from 0.2 kg to 2 kg. The vapour temperature dynamics, heat transfer rate, steam energy utilization efficiency and specific water consumption parameters were studied. The average vapour temperature varied from 100 °C to 130 °C for the LFPF mass range of 0.2 to 2 kg at steam injection temperature of 140 °C and pressure of 3 ± 0.5 bars. This temperature range matched the saturated vapour temperature of pure water at 1.0––2.8 bars absolute pressure but slightly lower than the saturated vapour temperature of 133.54 °C for pure steam at 3 bars. The percentage of steam energy utilization effectiveness is inversely related to the steam mass flow rate. While energy effectiveness increased with loading mass, the steam mass flow rate decreased with increased LFPF mass. The value of the heat transfer rate ranged between 1.7––55.4 W, while the specific heat transfer rate ranged between 8.5–––41.8 W/kg. The average specific water consumption ranged from 0.014 to 0.09 kg-water/kg-LFPF, with an average value of 0.031 kg-water/kg-LFPF. This value is lower than 0.112–––0.5 kg-water/kg-FFB, with an average value of 0.256 kg-water/kg-FFB for conventional FFB steam sterilization. This represents an 87.9 % reduction in water consumption in conventional FFB steam sterilization. An empirical model deduced for specific heat transfer rate and water consumption for steam sterilization of LFPF at 3 ± 0.5 bars and vapour temperature range of 100––130 °C showed a high coefficient of determination above 99 %.

Effect of cross-flow on heat and mass transfer rates at the outer surface of a spiral tube placed in a cylindrical container and possible application in heat exchanger/reactor design

This research investigates the effect of cross-flow on heat and mass transfer rates at the outer surface of a spiral tube placed in a cylindrical container and its potential application in heat exchanger/reactor design. The study evaluates various parameters such as solution velocity, spiral tube diameter, and pitch through electrochemical methods under laminar flow conditions. Results indicate that the mass transfer coefficient increases with rising solution velocity but decreases with larger spiral tube diameters and pitches. A dimensionless equation is proposed to correlate the mass transfer data for a single spiral tube, which proves valuable for designing and scaling up heat exchanger/reactor systems. The research also highlights the dual functionality of the spiral tube, with the outer surface serving as a catalyst support for an exothermic, diffusion-controlled liquid-solid reaction, while the inner surface acts as a cooler, efficiently absorbing heat generated on the outer surface. The study explores the application of this novel reactor design for heat-sensitive materials and processes requiring swift cooling, such as immobilized cell or enzyme biochemical reactions. The findings contribute to enhancing reactor productivity and achieving high selectivity and yield in electro-organic synthesis.

Flow of magnetohydrodynamic blood-based hybrid nanofluids with double diffusion in the presence of Riga plate for heat optimization and drug applications

In a recent study, researchers investigated the flow behavior of Casson Hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) combination of single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), (MWCNTs) on a Riga plate for drug delivery applications. The study found that the Casson HNFs exhibited non-Newtonian behavior on the Riga plate, with the presence of nanoparticles causing an increase in viscosity and shear-thinning behavior. This rheological behavior is favorable for drug delivery applications as it improves the stability and dispersion of drug particles in the fluid. The similarity equations of the flow problem are easily tackled with the homotopy analysis method (HAM) built on fundamental homotopy mapping. In high-speed flows, Riga actuators are expected to achieve the requirements, since HNF is enhanced by modified Hartmann numbers. As the Eckert number, heat generation/absorption parameter, and thermal relaxation time parameter decrease the temperature, thermal transport increases. Furthermore, with the increments in paramount parameters, the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate are remarkably meliorated under higher modified Hartmann number. Furthermore, the study also found that the Casson Hybrid nanofluids showed enhanced heat transfer properties on the Riga plate, which is beneficial for localized drug delivery applications that require precise temperature control.

Thermal case study of magnetic radiative flow impacts on Newtonian nanofluid over a stretchable plate in absorbent: Box approach

Nanofluid technology represents a significant breakthrough in thermal engineering, with widespread applications spanning heat exchangers, cancer treatment, and heat storage systems. Despite its success in improving heat transfer rates in diverse devices, the challenge of enhancing thermal conductivity using nanoparticles looms large. This study aims to elucidate the 2D flow of nanofluid under suction/injection over a stretching wedge. It considers factors such as Brownian and thermophoretic diffusions, nonlinear heat generation, and thermal radiation. Additionally, it examines the effects of viscous dissipation and Joule heating. Through the conversion of governing nonlinear coupled partial differential equations into a system of coupled ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations, numerical solutions are obtained via the Keller-box method. The analysis delves into the significant impacts of relevant parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism fields, presented graphically. Notably, the findings underscore the role of solid particles in enhancing the thermal efficiency of base fluids. These investigation outcomes are vital for controlling heat transferal rates and fluid velocities throughout a variation of manufacturing processes and industrial sectors, guaranteeing the required quality of the ending product. The perceptions garnered from this research hold capacity for a broad range of industrial purposes and carry consequences through countless engineering disciplines, mostly within the range of nanotechnology.