Heartbeat Rate Research Articles

Data Analysis of the Influence of Various Forms of Music on the Heart Rate of a Dog and Human

This research’s goal is to give a better understanding of the heart rate of dogs & humans, and how hearing affects the heart rate. According to the medical experts of Small Door Veterinary, nearly 10% of pet dogs develop heart failure causing more and more dog owners to be concerned about this issue. Also, research and studies from the doctors in Mount Elizabeth have shown how stress is one popular reason why people suffer from heart problems to anxiety (Abel, Kelvin and En, 2023). One example of what people do to relieve stress is by listening to music. Researchers at Stanford University have noted that music is something anyone can use and is a great stress-reduction tool (News Center, 2007). Colorado State College of Veterinary Medicine study has also revealed that easy listening music has a soothing, therapeutic effect on dogs and may mitigate stress (Classical Music Calms Shelter Dogs, New Colorado State University Study Says | News & Media Relations | Colorado State University, 2012). Our participants listened to 2 sets of music in each genre. Then checked the average heartbeat rate by using the PISCO nursing practice stethoscope. After an analysis on the average of the two music in each genre, it shows that songs that fall into the category of pop or rock increased the heartbeat of the dog compared to the average heartbeat after listening to calm genres such as jazz.

Accurate multi-target vital signs detection method for FMCW radar

The frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar has gained increasing attention in the field of noncontact vital signs detection. However, the detection of the target chest’s range bin is easily influenced by various clutters and interferences, posing numerous challenges to vital signs detection, particularly in scenarios involving multiple targets This paper proposes an anti-clutter and interference method that combinates moving target indication (MTI), constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection, K-means clustering, and local search with moving average filtering to accurately detect multi-target vital signs. Moreover, it employs the extended differentiate and cross multiply algorithm for phase demodulation to overcome phase discontinuity. The proposed method is evaluated using a 77 GHz FMCW radar in an office environment. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively detect multiple targets amidst various clutters and small random body movement, yielding mean accuracies of 94.2 % and 95.1 % for breathing rate and heartbeat rate, respectively.

May Measurement Month 2019: Screening Analysis In Spanish Community Pharmacies and Detection of Masked Hypertension

To know within the scope of the May Measurement Month (MMM) project, the blood pressure (BP) situation in the Spanish population, disseminate the importance of its periodic measurement and estimate the prevalence of masked hypertension (MH). Transversal descriptive study in Spanish community pharmacies during May 2019. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in millimetres of mercury (mmHg), heart rate (HR) in beats per minute (bpm).Subjects with BP ≥130/85 and <149/90 were offered the possibility of home blood pressure monitor- ing (HBPM) to confirm MH. A total of 3402 valid records performed by 491 pharmacists. In all 61.9% women, mean age 56.6 years. A total of 143 (4.2%) had never measured BP and 918 (27.0%) had not measured BP in the last year; 1047 were taking anti-hypertensives, of whom 45.7% had high BP.A total of 780 (22.9%) subjects had high BP values; both, 252 (7.4%). mSBP and mDBP was 125.0 mmHg and 76.5 mmHg, respectively; higher in men (P<0.001). mHR was 72.6 bpm..A direct relationship was detected between SBP and DBP and BMI (P<0.0001). mSBP and mHR were higher in smokers (P<0.0001). In diabetic patients, SBP, DBP and HR were greater.A total of 61 subjects with suspected MH agreed to undergo HBPM. A total of 25 (40.1%) resulted in BP ≥135/85 mmHg. Almost a quarter of subjects had BP ≥140/90 mmHg. The risk factors most closely related to high BP were overweight, diabetes and age; 40% of suspected cases of MH were confirmed by means of HBPM.

Development of a prototype for a mobile application to monitor hypertension from ECG data

Today, the use of personal digital assistants is increasing, especially due to the development of mobile devices. Especially at the medical level, their applications have grown a lot. Health cannot be left behind in this new digital age in using these new technologies. Given that the heart is the main organ of the cardiovascular system and is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body, it is not surprising that heart disease is the leading cause of death in Asian and Arabic countries, according to international health organizations operating under the World Health Organization. The average individual has no access to a device for home use and must rely on going to the doctor for a consultation and having to undergo the necessary procedure using pricy, specialized equipment. In this project, hardware and software were designed to produce a prototype device that can be purchased for a reasonable price, weighs little, and can be handled easily, enabling people to monitor their heart’s activity from the comfort of their homes. The core of the prototype is an AD8232 integrated circuit mounted on a SparkFun single-lead heart rate monitor-AD8232 card. When used with an Arduino card, serial communication with a computer, or Bluetooth with a smart device, this integrated circuit displays the graph and the person’s heart rate in beats per minute. The Android Studio platform was used to create the mobile app as well as the graphical personal computer version. 19 randomly chosen test volunteers’ heart rates and graphs were compared to the relevant ages listed in the literature.

Effect of stenotic shapes and arterial wall elasticity on the hemodynamics

The present study employs an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian fluid–structure interaction approach to investigate pulsatile blood flow through a deformable stenosed channel. The flow is modeled by solving the incompressible continuity and momentum equations using finite element-based commercial solver COMSOL Multiphysics®. In this work, we explore the effects of different stenotic shapes—elliptical, round, and sinusoidal, degrees of stenosis (30%, 50%, and 70%), and arterial wall stiffnesses—0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 MPa on the velocity profile, pressure and wall shear stress distribution, and wall deformation. The oscillatory shear index (OSI) is analyzed to predict further plaque formation in the stenosed artery. We find that the flow velocity, wall shear stress, and pressure difference across the stenosed region increase with an increase in the stenotic severity and artery stiffness. The velocity profiles intersect at a radial location in the stenotic region termed critical radius, where relative magnitudes get reversed. With the increase in stenotic severity, the wall displacement decreases at the throat and increases at the upstream side. With the increase in wall stiffness, the wall deformation decreases, and shear stress increases, thereby increasing the pressure drop across the stenosed region. At a lower mass flow rate and a higher degree of stenosis, the vortices are formed upstream and downstream of the stenosed region for all stenotic shapes. The vorticity magnitude is found to be more than 21% higher for sinusoidal stenotic shape than round and elliptical ones. The effect of stenotic profile on the pressure drop characteristics shows that blood experiences maximum wall shear stress for the sinusoidal stenotic geometry, whereas the pressure drop is the maximum for the elliptical stenotic shape. The elliptical stenotic shape is more prone to further plaque formation than round and sinusoidal stenotic shapes. At lower Womersley number (Wo=2.76) corresponding to 60 beats per min heart beat rate, secondary vortices are formed downstream of the channel, causing higher OSI.

Impacts of Eco-Friendly Environmental Designs on Health and Well-Being of Patients in Hospitals

Homeopathic settings like hospital reception hall can increase a patient’s nervousness level as well as mental and physical reactions to their present state. This study is aimed at evaluating the use of environmental design, precisely the design that integrates fundamentals of the natural environment, in hospitals to reduce nervousness, hypertension and heartbeat rates of waiting patients. Depictions of landscape and the natural environment are known to restore feasible bonds between man and his environment, consequently, the influences of environmental design on patient’s reactions are rated and examined. In a bid to examine these assumptions about 145 persons were sampled. They were later classified into control and experiment clusters of males and females. The designed environment was subjected to experimental fields such as natural elements, green plants, sounds of waterfalls and birds. Both control and experimental fields were tested before and after the experiment. The results indicated that a designed hospital’s reception hall room immensely influences the decreased rate of patient nervousness (p&lt; 0.001), hypertension (p&lt; 0.001) and heartbeat rate (0.001). We propose that using an environmental design for homeopathic treatment centers can decrease the level of nervousness in patients and can lead to a patient’s recovery. Keywords: Architectural Design, Environmental Design, Nervousness, Hypertension, Heartbeat Rate, Stress

Is a lower-toxicity strain of Microcystis aeruginosa really less toxic?

Some well-known hazards of blooming cyanobacteria are caused by toxic metabolites such as microcystins (MCs), though many other bioactive chemicals of unknown toxicity are present in their exudates. It is also unclear whether toxicity of cyanobacterial cells depends on growth phases in the life cycle. In this study, we compared toxicity to Daphnia magna of Microcystis aeruginosa - a common cyanobacterial species - exudates (MaE) from two MC-producing strains over both exponential growth and stationary phases in acute and chronic experiments. Specifically, we assessed mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and filtering activity and heartbeat rate of Daphnia exposed to MaE. All MaE treatments induced common characteristics of Microcystis toxicity including disorder in the mitochondrial membrane and aberrant heart rate. MaE from cells at stationary growth phase were more toxic than those at exponential phase. Surprisingly, the MC-lower strain had higher toxicity than MC-higher one. Microcystis at different stage of blooms may differentially affect waterfleas owing to variable MaE-induced physiological dysfunction, abundance and grazing rate. Our study suggested that Microcystis strains with lower microcystin-producing ability might release other detrimental chemicals and should not be ignored in harmful bloom monitoring.

Mastication stimuli regulate the heartbeat rate through rhythmic regulation by the hypothalamic-autonomic system; molecular and telemetric studies in weaning-stage rats.

Mastication stimuli have been demonstrated to affect memory function and autonomic nerve activity; however, this process has not been well studied during weaning compared to old age. Previously, we conducted molecular analyses of the thalamus and hippocampus to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this memory-enhancing effect in weaning-stage rats. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of masticatory stimuli on the regulation of heartbeat rate (HR) through the hypothalamic-autonomic system. Three-week-old male rats were administered a powdered diet (P group) or chow-diet (C group) for 10 days. Thereafter, transcriptome analysis was performed. Vasopressin, cocaine-amphetamine-regulated transcript prepropeptide, corticotropin-releasing hormone, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which are involved in sympathetic activation of heart rate, were downregulated in the C group. Electrocardiograms were recorded continuously for 12 days under the same condition. Interestingly, rats in the C group had a significantly lower HR than those in the P group on day 11. We checked several parameters representing the autonomic regulation of HR. The C group had higher values for the high-frequency band integration of the HR power spectrum (parasympathetic marker) and root mean square successive difference of R-wave intervals (parasympathetic marker) relative to the P group. Such findings provide a molecular and physiological basis for understanding the regulation of cardiovascular function in response to masticatory stimuli in the autonomic nervous system.

Microwave Angiography by Ultra-Wideband Sounding: A Preliminary Investigation.

Angiography is a very informative method for physicians such as cardiologists, neurologists and neuroscientists. The current modalities experience some shortages, e.g., ultrasound is very operator dependent. The computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) angiography are very expensive and near infrared spectroscopy cannot capture the deep arteries. Microwave technology has the potential to address some of these issues while compromising between operator dependency, cost, speed, penetration depth and resolution. This paper studies the feasibility of microwave signals for monitoring of arteries. To this aim, a homogenous phantom mimicking body tissue is built. Four elastic tubes simulate arteries and a mechanical system creates pulsations in these arteries. A multiple input multiple output (MIMO) array of ultra-wideband (UWB) transmitters and receivers illuminates the phantom and captures the reflected signals over the desired observation time period. Since we are only interested in the imaging of dynamic parts, i.e., arteries, the static clutters can be suppressed easily by background subtraction method. To obtain a fast image of arteries, which are pulsating with the heartbeat rate, we calculate the Fourier transform of each channel of the MIMO system over the observation time and apply delay and sum (DAS) beamforming method on the heartbeat rate aligned spectral component. The results show that the lateral and longitudinal images and motion mode (M-mode) time series of different points of phantom have the potential to be used for diagnosis.

Chemical features and biological effects of degradation products of biodegradable plastics in simulated small waterbody environment

A plethora of research has focused on the biosafety of biodegradable plastics (BPs), including their microplastic formation and additives leaching; however, relatively fewer studies have explored biodegradation products. This study aims to investigate the biological effects and chemical features of degradation products from three kinds of BPs, namely polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), and the blends of PGA/PBAT without the addition of additives, in a simulated small waterbody environment with extracted soil solution for three months. Results showed that exposure to the whole degradation remnants of three BPs had no lethal effects on zebrafish at the current BP environmental concentrations (from 0.24 to 12.72 mg plastic/L) in small waterbodies. However, from the calculated BPs environmental concentrations (from 0.57 to 43.82 mg plastic/L) in 2026, PGA and PGA/PBAT blends may cause adverse effects on the cardiovascular system such as heartbeat rate suppression in zebrafish embryos, and also lead to reduced body length and pericardial edema and spinal curvature in fish larvae. We further qualitatively analyzed the composition of degradation products, and quantitatively measured four dominant degradation monomers (glycolic acid (GA), adipic acid (A), 1,4-butanediol (B), and terephthalic acid (T)) in the degradation remnants. It was found that the observed toxicities were probably due to the presence of GA, A, and T monomers, and their concentrations can reach 0.776, 0.034, and 0.6 mg/L under the calculated future scenario, respectively. It is worth mentioning that either GA or T monomers at the above concentrations were found to cause suppressed heartbeat rate in zebrafish embryos. Collectively, though the degradation products of BPs are temporarily safe at current environmental concentrations, they may lead to non-negligible toxicity with increasing production and continual improper recycling and/or BP waste management.

INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS ON E-HEALTHCARE MONITORING SYSTEM WITH IOT AND BIG DATA BY TSLR-CHSC MODEL

Internet of Things (IoT) technology helped the development of E-Health care Monitoring System from direct visit to virtual Monitoring (Telemedicine). Smart health care system in IoT environment monitored the basic health signs such as heartbeat rate, body temperature and blood pressure in real-time applications. IoT and big data is a prominent challenge in smart healthcare system. In this health monitoring system big data is employed to analyze the large volume of data and to determine the Normal and Abnormal patient condition. Numerous issues like accuracy, time and error have yet to be conveyed to generate a ductile system for health care monitoring. To address these issues, I proposed a method called Theil Sen Linear Regression and Canopy Hopkins Statistics Clustering (TSLR-CHSC) for IoT based Health monitoring system is proposed. This method splits into three sections such as Data collection, Feature Selection and Clustering. First, Cardiovascular disease dataset is acquired from sensors are collected. Second, appropriate features can be selected by using Theil Sen regression feature. Third, clustering is performed based on the cluster tendency by using canopy algorithms. Through this way I deployed an efficient E-Health Monitoring System with minimum time consumption. For evaluation, a cardiovascular disease dataset is obtained from various medical sensor devices are analyzed to identify the disease severity. Keyword: IoT, Big Data, Theil Sen Linear Regression, Canopy Hopkins Statistic Clustering, Health Care Monitoring.

Design and Demonstration of Arduino based Low Cost Pulse Oximeter

One of the main reasons for the pushback of the pandemic in India was the awareness that developed in people during the crisis. The adapting mindset of the Indian populace helped turn the tides. The Pulse Oximeter proved to be an important tool that helped in identifying the affected, to get timely healthcare. A very simple information was shared among people that the BPM (heart rate in beats per minute) should be around 60 - 100 (resting) for an average adult and the SpO2, i.e., oxygen saturation must be above 95% for all age groups. Just this was able to counter an entire wave of the Pandemic with the help of early detections, timely isolations, immediate health care and much more. However, access to this was not available to everyone due to the high prices of these devices. This project aims to build a simple monitor module with an Arduino Nano board which can determine the Blood Oxygen level and Heart rate of a person by using the MAX30102 sensor.

Nested anova analysis on the effect of alcoholic drinks on the body temperature and heart beat

This paper examines effects alcoholic drinks on heartbeat and body temperature of mouse A, B and C. Three brand of alcohol, trophy, regal and origin were administered to them on each day for three days. Trophy was administered to each mouse on day1, Regal dry gin on day2 and Origin on day3 with their heartbeat rates and body temperatures recorded for each day after thirty minutes the alcohols were administered. Nested Analysis of variance was used to examine the effect of alcohol and mouse nested in alcohol on body temperature and heartbeat on mouse and also Independent two sample t-test was used to compare effects of two different alcoholic drinks on the heart beat rate and body temperature of three mouse. Conclusively the result shows that alcohol drinks likewise mouse nested in alcohol has no significant effect on the body temperature and heartbeat of mouse and the effect of any two alcoholic drinks on heart beat rate and body temperature of mouse will always be not significant and comparison of effect of any two alcoholic drinks on heart beat rate and body temperature of mouse are not significant.

Compressed sensing framework for BCG signals based on the optical fiber sensor.

A compressed sensing (CS) framework is built for ballistocardiography (BCG) signals, which contains two parts of an optical fiber sensor-based heart monitoring system with a CS module and an end-to-end deep learning-based reconstruction algorithm. The heart monitoring system collects BCG data, and then compresses and transmits the data through the CS module at the sensing end. The deep learning-based algorithm reconstructs compressed data at the received end. To evaluate results, three traditional CS reconstruction algorithms and a deep learning method are adopted as references to reconstruct the compressed BCG data with different compression ratios (CRs). Results show that our framework can reconstruct signals successfully when the CR grows from 50% to 95% and outperforms other methods at high CRs. The mean absolute error (MAE) of the estimated heartbeat rate (HR) is lower than 1 bpm when the CR is below 95%. The proposed CS framework for BCG signals can be integrated into the IoMT system, which has great potential in health care for both medical and home use.

Low-cost central monitor based personal computer with electrocardiogram and heart rate parameters via wireless XBee Pro

Heart rate signals and electrocardiograms are crucial indicators of a person’s health, particularly for individuals in intensive care units (ICU). The goal of this study is to wirelessly use a central monitoring system to continually and in real-time monitor the electrocardiogram signal and heart rate. The result of this research is that a wireless system can transmit continuous, distant, and real-time electrocardiogram and heart rate readings. Two transmitters and two receivers were used to send the signal in real-time. Lead II was used to capture the electrocardiogram (ECG) data, which was then processed by a microprocessor to determine the heart rate in beats per minute. The XBee Pro wireless was then used to transmit the data to the monitor in the form of an electrocardiogram and heart rate signal. The results of the XBee wireless performance test with statistics for determining heart rate value revealed that there was no discernible difference in the average value at a distance of 8, 10, 25, and 30 meters (P-value &gt; 0.05). According to the study’s findings, wireless transmission is feasible over a limited distance and in real-time. Hospitals can use a central monitor to implement this research.

Dual-network ionogel with pyramidal array microarchitecture as a flexible device for body movement sensing and subtle activity monitoring

Flexible piezoresistive devices with high sensitivity serve as important candidates for wearable sensors in common movements and subtle physiological motions. In this work, a soft material based on ionogel was fabricated into a sheet with pyramidal array architecture on one side (PDNIG), which worked as a pressure sensor in a pair combo state with the pyramidal side contacted each other (di-PDNIG). It demonstrates high sensitivity (10.98 kPa−1) and strong durability, which can work well in monitoring primary limb movements and the subtle physiological signals, including radial artery pulsation and heartbeat, associated with cardiovascular function. The tested radial artery pulse through the sensor presents typical artery wave characteristics. Moreover, the artery pulse rate of the subjects is 72 ∼ 90 beats/min, whilst the heartbeat rate is ∼ 80 beats/min. This di-PDNIG suggests a potential material as soft sensor facing toward wellness status monitoring and artificial intelligence system components.

Dynamic aortic changes during the cardiac cycle in patients with aortic valve disease analyzed by computed tomography combined with PhyZiodynamics software.

Endovascular therapy for the ascending aorta is expected in the future, but the dynamic changes in the ascending aorta are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate dynamic changes in the aortic cross-sectional area and examine related determinants. The subjects included 75 patients (aortic regurgitation [AR] in 18 patients, aortic stenosis [AS] in 46 patients, and 11 controls) who underwent dynamic computed tomography (CT) prior to cardiac treatment. According to the centerline method, the cross-sectional areas of the ascending and descending aortas at the same level were analyzed. The rate of change from the minimum value to the maximum value in one heartbeat and peak rate of change in cross-sectional area (peak area change) were measured. The rates of change of the ascending and descending aortas were 4.4% and 6.4% (P < 0.05) and the peak area change was 0.3 mm2/msec vs. 0.2 mm2/msec (P < 0.05), respectively. In both the ascending and descending aortas, the rate of change and the peak area change were significantly greater in the AR group than in the AS and control groups. Results of the multiple regression analysis showed that greater stroke volumes (SVs) were associated with greater change in the ascending aorta and a faster momentary expansion rate. Furthermore, it was observed that the momentary expansion rate declined with age. The ascending aortic diameter changes significantly in one heartbeat and differs depending on AR, age, and SV. 17 - 006. May 29, 2017 Retrospectively registered.

Heart Rate Estimation from Facial Image Sequences of a Dual-Modality RGB-NIR Camera.

This paper presents an RGB-NIR (Near Infrared) dual-modality technique to analyze the remote photoplethysmogram (rPPG) signal and hence estimate the heart rate (in beats per minute), from a facial image sequence. Our main innovative contribution is the introduction of several denoising techniques such as Modified Amplitude Selective Filtering (MASF), Wavelet Decomposition (WD), and Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA), which take advantage of RGB and NIR band characteristics to uncover the rPPG signals effectively through this Independent Component Analysis (ICA)-based algorithm. Two datasets, of which one is the public PURE dataset and the other is the CCUHR dataset built with a popular Intel RealSense D435 RGB-D camera, are adopted in our experiments. Facial video sequences in the two datasets are diverse in nature with normal brightness, under-illumination (i.e., dark), and facial motion. Experimental results show that the proposed method has reached competitive accuracies among the state-of-the-art methods even at a shorter video length. For example, our method achieves MAE = 4.45 bpm (beats per minute) and RMSE = 6.18 bpm for RGB-NIR videos of 10 and 20 s in the CCUHR dataset and MAE = 3.24 bpm and RMSE = 4.1 bpm for RGB videos of 60-s in the PURE dataset. Our system has the advantages of accessible and affordable hardware, simple and fast computations, and wide realistic applications.

Prediction of atrioventricular conduction disturbance after ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation.

The prevalence of atrioventricular conduction disturbance (AVCD) in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) has not yet been fully investigated. We sought to identify the predictors of AVCD in patients with AF by analyzing the relationship between pre-ablation heart rate during AF and the PR interval in sinus rhythm after ablation. We analyzed pre-ablation 24-h Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) and 12 lead ECG 12months after ablation of 121 consecutive patients with persistent AF who underwent their first ablation procedure and maintained sinus rhythm at 12months. AVCD was defined as a first-degree atrioventricular block (AVB), second-degree AVB, high-degree AVB, or third-degree AVB observed on ECG at 12months after ablation. Seventeen out of 121 patients (14.0%) had AVCD at 12months. In the group with AVCD, total heartbeat (THB) and maximum heart rate (Max HR) were significantly lower, and the prevalence of concomitant Cavo-tricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter before ablation and the appearance of macro reentrant atrial tachycardia (AT) during the procedure were significantly higher than those in the group without AVCD. Multiple regression analysis revealed that maximum HR and macro reentrant AT were significant predictors of AVCD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that Max HR of <165.0bpm predicts AVCD with a sensitivity of 76.47% and a specificity of 74.00%. In patients with persistent AF, low Max HR and the presence of macro reentrant AT during the ablation procedure were predictors of AVCD.

IOT Based Health Monitoring System

Abstract: In India, close to regarding two hundredth of the whole population loses their lives because of interrupted health observance system i.e., in most of the hospitals, doctor visits patients either in morning shift or in evening shift or in each shift. What happens if patient's health becomes important in between that interval or once a doctor isn't on the market with a patient. the solution is a patient could lose her\his life. thus, to avoid this important situation; we tend to area unit proposing a sensible embedded system device that monitors patients’ health ceaselessly. This project introduces the structure and usage of an IoT based patient observing framework, utilizing different sensors and NodeMCU as the MCU (Master Control Unit). The framework can be utilized to constantly screen the wellbeing parameters of a patient. ECG Monitoring with AD8232 ECG Sensor and MAX30102 BPM sensor is used forsensing temperature and heartbeat rate can be measured from anyplace on the globe utilizing IoT (Internet of Things). IoT is executed, utilizing an ESP-8266, which enables the data to be transmitted flawlessly over the web and mobile app