Healthy Society Research Articles

Perceived norms of public transport use as the determinants of older adults' social exclusion: Evidence from Pakistan

Perceived norms attached to public transport travel significantly reinforce mobility inequalities. Such mobility inequalities contribute to social exclusion, particularly among vulnerable groups such as older adults. Thus, understanding the antecedents of older adults' social exclusion behaviour is vital in advancing knowledge and promoting social sustainability. We proposed an integrated model and included 384 older adults from diverse socio-demographic backgrounds in Pakistan, examining the impact of social and personal norms of public transport use on social exclusion. Results revealed that social norms of public transport use played an essential role in shaping older adults' social exclusion directly and indirectly via personal norms. Perceived accessibility further moderated the effect of social and personal norms on social exclusion. The antecedents of personal norms (i.e., awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibility) were analyzed based on the Norm Activation Model. This study suggests that the prevalent norms supporting public transport use can act as a complementary policy for promoting independent mobility and, thus, social inclusion among older adults. Transport policymakers and social researchers can consider the findings to develop healthy ageing societies.

Information: From Cognitive-Sentient Exploration of Reality to Predictive Big Data Assisted Informational Era

In this article it is shown that information is a concept not only useful and used for the communication systems and data operation, but also for the understanding of the matter non-living and living structuration. On this basis it is described the Informational Model of Consciousness and the functions and operability of the Informational System of the Human Body, allowing to define and understand the Cognitive-Sentient Exploration of Reality used as a tool by our predecessors to create some archaic models of the universe and human, remained up to date as references from philosophic point of view, and still operating nowadays in the creative sciences and arts fields in our informational era. Introducing the concept of information-related matter, it was possible to explain the informational processes in human body and eukaryotic/prokaryotic cells, the basic units of life, and to show that in the living entities an informational system operating similarly with that of the human can be identified and defined as Informational System of the Living Structures. The predictive properties of the Cognitive-Sentient Exploration of Reality is nowadays assisted by the predictive big data analysis, helping in various scientific domains where a high quantity of data was accumulated, including in the bioengineering field and human health, particularly for the prediction of the evolution of COVID-19 cases in the world, with examples for Romania, Spain and USA. Multiple applications involving artificial intelligence and the informational models of human and living structures for a healthy society are mentioned, in particular in neurosciences, biosciences and bioengineering. The priority of the Romanian concepts on information and the important contribution of the Romanian informational science oriented to understand the brain functions/operability and applications in biomedical field is highlighted.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching Programmes on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Organ Donation among Non-Health Professional Students at Selected College, Hosur

India is currently having a deceased donation rate of 0.05–0.08 per million population. The National Organ and Tissue Transplant Programme have planned strategies to improve organ donation by creating awareness and capacity building. There is a great need to assess the knowledge regarding organ donation among the general population. In our community, so many myths and misconceptions people have regarding organ donation. This prevents people to come forward to donate their organs whenever the need arises. When we educate and motivate the student population they will not only donate their organs but also motivate others also to donate their organs to form a very healthy society. Hence, this study has been undertaken to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding organ donation among college students as they are going to be tomorrow’s responsible citizens of our nation. The objectives of the study were to assess the pre-test and post-test levels of knowledge and attitude, to assess the effectiveness of Video-assisted teaching, to find out the association between post-test levels of knowledge and attitude, and to assess the correlation between knowledge and attitude regarding organ Donation. The research design used was a pre-experimental group pre-test and post-test design. The data collection tool was validated by General Physician and the four Nursing experts. Reliability was established by the test-retest method, r = 0.8 for the structured knowledge questionnaire and 0.87 for the attitude rating scale. The samples for the study were chosen by using the purposive sampling technique, and 40 samples were selected. Data was collected by using a structured knowledge questionnaire and an attitude rating scale. Data was collected for a period of one month. The data collected were edited, tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted manually. The obtained overall post-test Mean for knowledge was 24.37, SD 7.8, and for attitude Post-the test Mean was 23 SD 6.56. The obtained mean difference for knowledge was 17.62 and the attitude was 6 and the paired-test value for knowledge was 13.15 for knowledge and for attitude it was 4.47 significant at the level of P <0.05. The demographic variables Residential area, Sources of information regarding organ donation, and the persons to whom you are willing to donate were associated with post-test scores on knowledge, and the demographic variables Sex, residential area, and persons whom you are willing to donate were associated with the post-test scores on attitude. Other demographic variables were not significant with the post-test scores on knowledge and attitude. The study's findings revealed that there was a significant difference in pre-test and post-test scores on the level of knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation and a significant association between the post-test level of knowledge and attitude with their selected demographic variables.

Intellectual Stagnation: Its Causes, Manifestations and Effects

This paper is a scientific study of the issue of intellectual stagnation, its causes and effects. The current research has proven that stagnation has a blight that has clear effects that cannot be tolerated, because intellectual stagnation, if it is found in a society, takes it out of the path of progress to the path of backwardness; therefore, the researcher has studied the subject fundamentally on the one hand. The causes that create it, to the effects arising from it, and as we know that something is known only by its effects, and we have found that clear beyond doubt, so researching and diagnosing such matters gives the therapist an accuracy in giving the effective treatment in eliminating extremism, extremism and decadence in society and scientific and intellectual advancement and progress On the path of correct scientific research by which societies are built and nations progress, through stimulating them with lectures that help in the existence of a healthy society that can return again to the ranks of civilization, away from extremism, backwardness and extremism, so Islam came with all these meanings and announced them

Violence on the front line: a qualitative comparative analysis of the causes of patient violence towards medical staff in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

COVID-19, reduced funding and a shortage of healthcare workers has led to growing international concern about patient violence towards medical staff in medical settings. As the number of reported physical and verbal assaults increases, many medical staff are considering leaving their positions due to the resulting impact on their mental and physical wellbeing, creating a critical need to understand the causes for violence towards medical staff working on the front line. This study aims to examine the causes for patient violence towards medical staff in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. A case library was created containing twenty reported incidents of patient violence towards medical staff during the pandemic in China. Based on the Triadic Reciprocal Determinism (TRD) theory, we identify the personal, environmental, and behavioral factors, that cause incidents of violence towards medical staff. The outcome was set as 'Medical Staff Casualties', referring to whether, due to the violence experienced, the medical staff member was injured or died, or only experienced threatening or insulting behavior. Data was analyzed using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to clarify the relationship between the different conditions and their relationship with the outcome. The study's results reveal that Relationship Closeness is a necessary condition for patient violence in the presence of outcome. Secondly, four distinct types of causes for patient violence towards medical staff were identified: Strong Relationship Oriented Violence, Healthcare Resources and Services Mismatched Violence, Violence caused by Ineffective Patient-Physician Communication, and Ineffective Communication Superimposed Low Patient Compliance Violence. Scientific guidance is provided for the creation of measures to prevent future violence towards medical staff from occurring. Strict precautions should be taken for preventing violence to protect a healthy society and harmonious medical environment, emphasizing the need for joint governance of multiple participants.

A Vital Part of Creating a Safe and Healthy Society: Adolescent Friendly Health Services

A Vital Part of Creating a Safe and Healthy Society: Adolescent Friendly Health Services

Let us Dance Around the World! Toward More Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Research

We strongly believe that diversity, equity, and inclusion in research lead to better science, more innovations and more relevant outcomes that better serve society at large. Historically, scientific research is quite WEIRD, meaning that it is dominated by researchers and study samples from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic countries. Such WEIRD research leads to results that better serve a small, privileged group of WEIRD people, widening health inequalities. Research among a selective group with similar backgrounds and perspectives results in bias and hinders innovation. As a result, we end up missing out on the valuable holistic viewpoint that more inclusive research would gain. In this invited commentary based on the International Conference on Ambulatory Monitoring of Physical Activity and Movement (ICAMPAM) 2022 keynote presentation by Prof. ChinAPaw, we discuss the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion in research and introduce our vision for AWESOME science—All-inclusive, Worldwide ranging, Equitable, Sincere, Open-minded, Mindful of our own implicit bias, and Essential—that is more inclusive and relevant for everyone regardless of who they are and where they live. More diversity, equity, and inclusion make our collective dance toward healthy societies more beautiful and impactful!

Long-Term Regular Exercise Increases V̇O2max for Cardiorespiratory Fitness

This study tries to discuss maximum oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) strategy and its importance to build up a healthy society worldwide. V̇O2max is an important predictive factor of cardiovascular health, morbidity, and all-cause mortality; and consider it as the gold standard measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. Regular and long-time physical exercise, and exercise training are effective means of increasing V̇O2max. This research aims to increase V̇O2max and endurance capacity through the prolonged strenuous exercise, hardworking, and exercise training.

Modern Pharmaceutical Education and Its Root in India

I am not afraid of weapons but I fear pens and its action said by Napoleon the Great validates the worth of education. But the perspectives of education have undergone morphing with times and needs. Pharmacy education had also taken up the roads that no navigator took. Since human life began, nature was an open textbook for all curious ones. Though the word," pharmacy" originated in India during the British reign, Indian land always had tales of medicinal preparations to say from ancestry. But the dawn of modern pharmacy began in the late nineteenth century. Since then, the field has undergone morphological as well as technological advancements. Even mars wasn’t the limit for the growth seen in pharmacy education during the last century. From its initial step as a pharmaceutical shop in 1811 to the establishment of diploma programs in the late nineteenth century in madras medical college and its rise as a university, where the department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi holds its prime position being the first Pharmaceutical university to be launched in India in 1937. Now it spreads like the vascular system to different realms of a healthy society. But, just like each cell in our body has oncogenes for growth and tumor suppressor genes for retardation, every efficient system needs to be timely regulated, which is seen through the rules brought into the table as the pharmacy act in 1948 and the amendments made later by the regulatory bodies like PCI, which was formed in 1953. A new calling was also made into pharmacy education with the starting of Pharm.D by PCI and the Government of India in 2008. Being on the shore of Pharmacy education, a boat full of opportunities waiting for the updated Pharmacy scholars. Since its origin to this day, the pharmaceutical education system had evolved and is still evolving to reach the peak of excellence and it is a daily goal that can be achieved only if proper regulations and the use of advanced technologies go hand in hand with the growing needs of the health care. As an individual, let each pharmacy graduate make this an agenda to go forward and grow upward with the wings given by pharmacy education. Keywords: Pharmaceutical Education, Pharmacy Colleges, B. Pharm, M. Pharm, MBA in Pharmacy, Ph.D. in Pharmacy.

Proteome network analysis of skeletal muscle in lignan-enriched nutmeg extract-fed aged mice

Sarcopenia, characterized by reduced muscle mass and fiber number leading to muscular atrophy, has been associated with serious socioeconomic challenges among the elderly in developed countries. Therefore, preventing sarcopenia could be a promising strategy for achieving a healthy aging society. Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) has been used as a spice to increase flavor and prevent putrefaction of food. Nutmeg contains various bioactive components that improve muscle activity. To determine the potential effect of lignan-enriched nutmeg extract (LNX) on sarcopenia, LNX (100 mg/kg body weight)-fed aged mice were subjected to forced exercise. Herein, aged (22-month-old) mice fed LNX for three weeks exhibited a shortened and thickened soleus muscle. The ratio of the soleus muscle mass (%) to body weight was significantly increased in LNX-fed aged mice. The relative increase in muscle mass in LNX-fed aged mice improved exercise activities, including rotarod, swimming, and grip strength test results. Proteome profiles of the soleus muscle of LNX-fed mice were used to analyze protein–protein interaction network. Several myosin heavy chain isoforms were found to interact with actin, ACTA1, which functions as a hub protein. Furthermore, the expression of myogenic proteins, such as MYH1, MYH4, and ACTA1, was dose-dependently increased in vivo. In result, our functional proteomic analysis revealed that feeding LNX restored muscle proteins in aged mice.

Fake News Detection an Effective Content-Based Approach Using Machine Learning Ensemble Techniques

Any information that has been produced with the intention of deceiving readers and disseminating a concept for the purpose of gaining monetary advantage (usually political or financial) is considered fake news. Knowledge acquisition and dissemination are quick and almost free in today's society. More people than ever are using the internet. Internet channels are therefore ideal for spreading knowledge to a larger audience. What was once restricted to a select few may now instantly spread across the globe. This benefit came at the same time that its users started using false news more frequently, which is not good for a healthy society. Consequently, excellent algorithms are required to immediately identify and remove fake content. This study plans to track down an answer for the issue via mechanizing the most common way of distinguishing counterfeit news in view of its substance. Measures like the f1-score, exact grouping exactness, accuracy, and review are utilized to assess the methodology's presentation. With an accuracy of 96.7 percent, precision of 96.2 percent, recall of 97.5 percent, and f1 score of 96.9 percent, the machine learning(ML) technique played out the best in the ISOT dataset.

The Effects of Marriage and Divorce on Women's Nationality in the Iranian Law

As the first and foremost social institution, the family significantly impacts its immediate larger society. Also, the importance of family as a key figure in a healthy society and the necessity of strong relations between spouses make it imperative to devise the required legal devices. As women are prone to suffer and receive more damage in cases of family breakdown, the legislator should develop and establish more protective statutes concerning women's rights. This study uses legal research methods with a qualitative approach. To protect Iranian women's rights, the legislator distinguishes cases where an Iranian woman marries a foreign man and those where Iranian men marry foreign women. In the former case, the wife's change, or retention, of nationality is subject to the laws of the husband’s State. In contrast, in the latter case, the legislator enforces the unity of nationality principle. Marriage between Iranian women and foreign men causes women to experience many changes and limitations regarding their national and inheritance rights. Also, they may lose their Iranian nationality due to their marriage —in cases when the husband’s nationality, due to the law of the husband's State, is forced upon the wife. On the other hand, foreign women married to Iranian men, though forced to accept Iranian nationality, encounter fewer limitations resulting from marriage. Upon Divorce, they are neither forced to accept a nationality, unlike when marriage is celebrated, nor denied their Iranian nationality. They can choose whether to remain an Iranian national or recover their original nationality.

Guest Editorial Cognitive Cyber-Physical Systems With AI Based Solutions in Medical Informatics

All six papers in this special section engage in different streams but extremely relevant domain vectors of Cognitive Cyber-Physical Systems (CCPS) with artificial intelligence (AI) based solutions in medical informatics. Highlights recent trends in the scientific community and presents emergent technologies, implementations, applications concerning the CPSS. CPSS is witnessing rapid transformation as an interdisciplinary technology that blends physical components and computing devices to enable AI-based solutions. CCPS will be playing a significant role that integrates machine learning/AI techniques and resulting in dramatic improvements for medical informatics and the future of human-augmentation. CPHMS coordinates supervisory medical systems and medical resources everywhere; there is a great scope towards health consciousness and healthy society. Medical Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPS) in healthcare towards critical integration in network of medical devices. MCPS is the next generation computing that is comprised of tightly coupled computational and communication components of medical automation systems such as clinical decision, early detection of health infectious, disease prevention, rapid analysis of health hazards and so on. CCPS and MCPS research would be created new models, new design, and integration models for large scale systems in comprehensive, holistic medical automation systems. With recent enlargements in the big data processing, cognitive data science and AI, it is now possible to create even more realistic digital twins that properly model different operating situations and characteristics to process the medical intelligence systems.

Effect of Public Expenditure on Economic Growth in the Case of Ethiopia.

This study's primary goal was to explain how Ethiopia's economic growth affected government spending. The time series data utilized in the study were gathered between 1980 and 2018. The time series data were subjected to the Johansen cointegration test and the vector error correction model (VECM) in order to evaluate the short- and long-term correlations between public spending and economic growth in Ethiopia. According to the study, both long- and short-term economic growths are positively and significantly impacted by government spending on education. Long-term economic growth is negatively impacted by government expenditure on agriculture, while short-term effects are negatively impacted and considerable. In the long run, investment spending has a positive but negligible impact on economic growth; however, in the short run, it has a negative but large effect. Defense spending by the government has a positive and negligible effect on economic growth over the short and long terms. Both in the short and long terms, spending on health has a favorable and considerable impact on economic growth. According to the study, government spending on the education sector would help to foster the conditions that could result in higher labor force participation rates and, consequently, higher rates of economic growth. Aiming to establish a healthy and productive society that promotes economic progress, policy should focus on complementary measures to scale-up initiatives in the health sector.

E-Health Research in Southeast Asia: A Bibliometric Review

eHealth or digital health innovations expanded tremendously during the COVID-19 pandemic. Innovation and digitalization offer creative solutions to build up a healthy society. The eHealth technologies are quickly taken up by Southeast Asia countries and continue to flourish to alleviate the burden of healthcare challenges. This study is the first review exploring and analyzing the whole literature of eHealth, specifically in the Southeast Asia region. The objective of this study is to document the size, growth trajectory, and geographical distribution of eHealth in Southeast Asia research, identify high-impact authors and documents, explore the intellectual knowledge structure, and analyze the topical trends of the field. The bibliometric analysis was used to analyze a data set of 1405 Scopus-indexed documents between 1976 and 2021. Descriptive analysis, citation, co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence analyses were conducted to gain insights into eHealth in the Southeast Asia knowledge base. The growth rate of literature has rocketed up since 2018, reflecting the significant increase in demand for eHealth in Southeast Asia. Among the eleven Southeast Asian countries, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand were the top four countries where the most eHealth-related research was conducted. The intellectual structure of eHealth in Southeast Asia literature comprises four schools of thought (i.e., four groups of similar theoretical perspectives and research interests): (1) analysis and adoption of hospital information system/eHealth records, (2) user intention and acceptance of information technology, (3) technology for healthcare and disease management, and (4) mobile health technology (m-Health). Mobile applications, social networks, the COVID-19 pandemic, patient referral, follow-up, self-care, quality of life, psychology, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are the recent emerging research themes in the field of study. The eHealth development should consider long-term sustainable management along with the rapid evolution of the field. Additionally, eHealth systems should be holistic and pay attention to technology adoption, data security, and ethical issues involved in medical practices. This bibliometric review delivers reference points for scholars interested in Southeast Asia eHealth, reveals the emerging intellectual structure of this interdisciplinary field, and provides guidance to future research on this domain.

지역 오케스트라의 음악활동으로 본 예술적 시민성

Objectives The purpose of this study is to discuss the direction of music education by examining how artistic citizenship, a component of global citizenship, which is the focus of world education, is practiced in the region.
 Methods As a qualitative research method, an amateur orchestra performing music activities in the region was observed and in-depth interviews were conducted for 10 months.
 Results Artistic citizenship begins with the expression and development of sound, not language, when an individual learns a musical instrument. In order for everyone to make music, in the process of musical cooperation, communication by controlling the volume and tempo takes place. Musical collaboration induces empathy internally and at the same time gives empathy that understands and respects the emotions and feelings of others on stage, changing from self-centered to pro-social.
 Conclusions The musical activity of the local orchestra creates artistic citizenship in the form of altruistically changing lives and creating a healthy society that empathizes with and expands the same feelings through cooperation among local citizens.

Understanding factors that influence whether a woman will seek care for reproductive health: A national survey.

A number of studies have characterized the importance of regular OB/GYN visits for women who are above the age of 18. As more emphasis is placed on reproductive healthcare, there has been an overall decrease in the rates of adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes. In this study, a population of 200 women were surveyed to find factors that influence whether they had sought care from an OB/GYN in the past year. These results can be further extrapolated to whether women will seek OB/GYN healthcare in the future. A survey research platform was used to collect demographic data in addition to the survey responses. Thirteen survey questions were designed, some of which were adapted from the NIH Healthcare Access and Utilization Survey. This study found that women of minority races (African American and Hispanic) were more likely to report that they didn't feel like they were asked for their opinions about their healthcare. Additionally, women who were younger, who didn't feel like they were asked for their opinions, and who were of minority races were more likely to have not seen an OB/GYN in the past year. These findings can be used to focus on fixing the factors that deter women from seeking regular OB/GYN care. Efforts must be made to ensure that patients feel supported and understood, for this is the only way that we can make progress towards a healthier society.

On Politics and Pandemic: How Do Chilean Media Talk about Disinformation and Fake News in Their Social Networks?

Citizens get informed, on a daily basis, from social networks in general and from the media in particular. Accordingly, the media are increasingly expressing their concern about phenomena related to disinformation. This article presents an analysis of the social networks of 159 Chilean media that, over 5 years, referred to fake news or disinformation on 10,699 occasions. Based on data science strategies, the Queltehue platform was programmed to systematically track the information posted by 159 media on their social networks (Instagram, Facebook and Twitter). The universe of data obtained (13 million news items) was filtered with a specific query to reach 10,699 relevant posts, which underwent textual computer analysis (LDA) complemented with manual strategies of multimodal discourse analysis (MDA). Among the findings, it is revealed that the recurrent themes over the years have mostly referred to fake news and politics and fake news related to health issues. This is widely explained on the grounds of a political period in Chile which involved at least five electoral processes, in addition to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Regarding the multimodal analysis, it is observed that when the dissemination of fake news involves well-known figures such as politicians or government authorities, an image or a video in which such figure appears is used. In these cases, two phenomena occur: (a) these figures have the opportunity to rectify their false or misinforming statements or (b) in most cases, their statements are reiterated and end up reinforcing the controversy. In view of these results, it seems necessary to ask whether this is all that can be done and whether this is enough that communication can do to guarantee healthy and democratic societies.

Modeling of Internet of Things Enabled Sustainable Environment Air Pollution Monitoring System

<p>Air quality, radiation pollution, and water pollution were thekey featuresthat possess genuine challenges to the environment. Proper monitoring wasneededin such a way that the world couldaccomplish sustainable development, withkeeping a healthy society. Recently, environment monitoring is become a smart environment monitoring (SEM) scheme, with development of modern sensors and the advancements in the internet of things (IoT). IoT devices were mainly used in WSN for pollution control, vehicle marking, temperature control, and effective waste management. Consequently, modern method of environmental monitoring is called as SEM system, owing to usage of wireless sensors, IoT and AI.This paper leverages IoT devices for sustainable air pollution monitoring. The presented model derives an improved red fox optimizer with deep learning based air pollution monitoring system (IRFODL-APMS) using IoT devices. The presented IRFODL-APMS technique makes use of different IoT devices to collect data. Besides, the IRFODL-APMS model performs prediction process using deep learning based on long short term memory (LSTM). At last, IRFO technique is exploited as a hyperparameter tuning process of the LSTM model to accomplish enhanced prediction performance. The presented IRFODL-APMS model is simulated under distinct measures and the outcomes reported the enhanced predictive outcomes of the IRFODL-APMS approach over other existing models.</p>

Analysis of Family Health with a Combination of Naive Bayes KNN Methods

Health is a very important part in the life of our nation and country, in a developed and developing nation there is a healthy society. Healthy can be defined as the state of an individual who is prosperous both physically, economically and socially. Health is what needs to be maintained and cared for for the survival of a nation and state. Seeing the importance of the health element in a nation, the government has implemented the Nawacita program with one of the points referring to family health. In implementing the healthy family program, the government has sought to collect data and control healthy families with a family approach. Looking at the data collection system for healthy families with status determination, that is, averaging the indicator values to get the family's health status. The researcher intends to develop in terms of determining family health status by using a combination method of the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method with Naïve Bayes with the aim of knowing the results of applying the method and obtaining better results. Based on the results of the research conducted, the accuracy value of 93.53% was obtained in the combination model of the Naïve Bayes KNN method. So it can be concluded that the combination of these methods is good for determining family health status.