Healthy Lifestyle Modifications Research Articles

SCIENTIFIC EXPLORATION OF CHAKRAS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL IN CANCER IN PURVIEW OF BIOENERGETIC MEDICINE: A REVIEW

Cancer is one of the most outrageous diseases of the present century.According to WHO, 9.6 million deaths in 2018 were due to Cancer which accounts for 1 out of 6 worldwide deaths. Out of these, 30-50% is preventable. Despite the modern scientific evolution, this enormous burden has not been reduced. The integrated approach of Cancer therapy is highly productive to improve quality of life and survival rate. Ayurvedic treatment with a healthy diet, lifestyle modification, and mind-body medicine are beneficial. Chakras are the “switches” in the path of energy flow in an individual, representing Pranayama kosha and are subtle. These Chakras in the body create a human energy field around each human being. Chakra’s healing is a highly established system of energy-based curative techniques that utilize “PRANA” to steadiness, harmonize and renovate the body’s vital energy. The foremost factor, i.e. chakra is discussed in detail based on modern scientific knowledge. There is a massive impact of chakra healing in carcinoma as it is highly effective to improve quality of life.

Inadequate hypertension control rates: A global concern for countries of all income levels.

Inadequate hypertension control rates: A global concern for countries of all income levels.

Why The Knowledge of Indian School-Going Adolescents Regarding NCDs is Not Transforming into Lifestyle Changes?

There is a paucity of research to demonstrate the quantification of adolescents' risk behavior toward Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) in India. This study aims to explain the knowledge of school-aged adolescents about NCD and whether their knowledge is truly translating into lifestyle changes and if not, what are the potential underlying factors responsible for that. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents in Jodhpur district, India, in grades 6 to 12. The data was gathered via a semi-structured questionnaire. The participant's weight and height were assessed using a digital weighing machine and a stadiometer, respectively. SPSS v.23 was used to analyze the data. Univariate (chi-square) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis were used to quantify knowledge and risk factors, and inferences were derived. A total of 1010 students participated in the study. The mean scores of knowledge and risk behavior were 32.82±6.43 (out of 40) and 9.23+2.63 (out of 30), respectively. Adolescent risk behavior and knowledge were not found to be significantly related. Physical activity, spending fewer hours sitting, not skipping breakfast, and habit of fruit and vegetable consumption were significant factors for a healthy lifestyle among them. Due to differences in underlying predictors, adolescents' understanding of NCDs did not translate into healthy lifestyle modifications. These findings highlight the importance of developing tailored interventions for adolescents that target identified risk domains.

The feasibility of smartphone-based application on cardiac rehabilitation for Chinese patients with percutaneous coronary intervention in Macau: a qualitative evaluation

ABSTRACT Background To improve cardiovascular risk factors modification and effects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), electronic applications on CR are suggested in the literature for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A sequential qualitative study, embedded in a quantitative experimental trial for mHealth application on CR (mCR) study evaluation, was conducted to understand the usability and satisfaction of mCR study. Purposive sampling were used until achieving data saturation. Individually semi-structured interviews were conducted. The textual narration from interview transcriptions were analysed by content analysis. Results Ten participants were interviewed for qualitative evaluation. Findings presented the perceptive and experience of the mCR app users. Results were captured by four themes: 1. feasibility of mCR app, including practicality, acceptability and convenience, and barriers to use; 2. benefits from mCR app, explaining the effectiveness of mCR study; 3. advocator for better hospital care, disclosing an extension of healthcare and promoting patient-healthcarer relationship; and 4. recommendation for mCR app improvement. Conclusion Findings provided insights for cardiac healthcare providers to understand the feasibility of mHealth application on phase II CR in Macau. The mCR app facilitated CR engagement which contributed to health and well-being by promoting CHD and CR knowledge, and cardiac healthy lifestyle modification.

Diabetic dyslipidemia: A screening tool for cardiovascular risk assessment

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is the most common threat in connection to developing cardiac disorders in type two diabetes mellitus. It has a role in the eventual development of atherosclerosis and increased mortality and morbidity. The present study was conducted to determine the lipoprotein abnormalities found in type two diabetic patients in the Mangalore region in South India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 95 types two diabetic patients. A fasting venous blood sample was obtained from these patients. The levels of different lipoproteins were estimated using the VITROS 5600 automatic analyzer. The patients were divided into two groups for comparison based on their duration of diabetes mellitus. The statistical tools used were the independent t-test for the comparison of the means of both quantitative variables and the Chi-square test for the proportion comparisons. The statistical package used was the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Results: According to the results of this study, deranged lipid profile levels were seen in most of the diabetic patients in group two. It was observed that about 67.3% of the patients in group 2 had higher serum cholesterol levels while a relatively lower number had a high level of cholesterol in group one. There was a significant (p-value of < 0.001) association between the two groups. There was an insignificant association between diabetes mellitus and high-density lipoprotein levels. In this study, triglyceride levels were also very high in most of the diabetic patients (p-value of 0.003), further increasing the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Very low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein levels were also significantly increased with a significant p-value. Conclusion: Most diabetic patients tend to have dyslipidemias. Screening them for dyslipidemias may be useful to prevent insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and metabolic syndrome. Drugs like statins inhibit the rate-limiting step of cholesterol biosynthesis, leading to a lower blood cholesterol. This may help to normalize their lipid profiles and to prevent severe adverse outcomes like coronary artery disease and stroke in diabetic patients. A healthy lifestyle and dietary modifications may also help to promote good health in the patients with diabetes mellitus.

A Qualitative Study on Barriers to Treatment and Control of Hypertension Among Patients at Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia, Ethiopia: Healthcare Workers' Perspective.

IntroductionHypertension is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality and accounts for 13% of all deaths and 7% of the disease burden in the world. Although the importance of controlling hypertension has been recognized for many years, the majority of patients with hypertension remain uncontrolled. Studies indicate a very low adherence to lifestyle modifications among patients in the study area. Hypertensive patients face set of problems associated with adherence to antihypertensive drugs and healthy lifestyle modifications.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to explore barriers to hypertension treatment and control from healthcare workers’ perspective and experiences at Dessie Referral Hospital, Ethiopia.MethodsSeven healthcare workers actively involved in managing hypertensive individuals at Dessie Referral Hospital were recruited for the study. Participants were purposively selected from outpatient, inpatient, and pharmacy departments. The required data were collected by the principal investigator on exit interviews. An interview guide was developed by reviewing previous literature. Interviews were semi-structured, 8–20 minutes in duration, and designed to elicit healthcare workers’experiences and perceptions and conducted until data saturation was reached. All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed. Each theme was supported by using the participants’ quotes.ResultsThree themes emerged. The major barriers impacted patients’ medication adherence and healthy lifestyle modifications were common use of diets during social settings, low level of awareness, lack of resources, misconceptions about hypertension, use of traditional medicines, inadequate physical activities, and high cost of drugs.ConclusionPatients’ misconceptions about hypertension, common use of diets during festivals, and inadequate physical activities were factors associated with inadequate blood pressure control. Healthcare workers should better understand the problems that hypertensive patients’ face, thus achieving better control.

Pediatric hypertension based on Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines (JSH 2019) with actual school blood pressure screening data in Japan.

Blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents is associated with their growth. BP is most strongly associated with height during height gain and with degree of obesity after reaching final height. BP in childhood and adolescence is correlated with BP in adulthood. The pathophysiology of pediatric essential hypertension is associated with obesity, excess salt intake, and a low birth weight. The common causes of pediatric secondary hypertension are renal parenchymal and renovascular diseases. The significance of diagnosing pediatric hypertension involves detecting secondary hypertension and preventing organ damage due to hypertension as well as tracking essential hypertension in adulthood. Appropriate BP measurement procedures are required for diagnosing pediatric hypertension. The inflatable bladder of an appropriately sized cuff should exceed 40% of the arm circumference. BP measurements should be performed consecutively at least 3 times using an appropriately sized cuff. The diagnosis of hypertension requires that all BP values measured on 3 or more occasions be above the reference value. The criteria for pediatric hypertension are determined based on the distribution of BP in healthy children and adolescents, with values above the 95th percentile of normal representing hypertension. Japanese criteria define pediatric hypertension as ≥120/70 mmHg for preschool children, ≥130/80 mmHg for 1st–3rd graders, ≥135/80 mmHg for 4th–6th graders, ≥140/85 mmHg for 7th–9th grade boys, ≥135/80 mmHg for 7th–9th grade girls, and ≥140/85 mmHg for senior high school boys and girls. The prevalence of Japanese pediatric hypertension was 0.9% based on proper measurement protocols. The basis of managing pediatric essential hypertension is healthy lifestyle modifications. Pharmacotherapy is indicated for persistent hypertension, symptomatic hypertension, secondary hypertension, the development of target organ damage, the presence of chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Screening for pediatric hypertension is important; therefore, BP should be routinely measured in children and adolescents.

Unravelling Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Comorbidities.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic multisystem endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age. In the ovary, the dynamic balance between dormant and growing follicles that culminates in ovulation becomes dysfunctional in the presence of excessive androgen production (ovarian/adrenal/peripheral). Moreover, hyperandrogenicity in pregnancy affects fetal development in utero and is linked to maternal pregnancy complications. Hormonal imbalance, ovarian dysfunction, and central obesity often emerge in these patients during adolescence. Once disordered physiological changes develop in PCOS, a vicious cycle ensues, leading to reproductive, metabolic, and psychological comorbidities. With the alarming increase of the number of young adults with a high degree of obesity in Korea, the prevalence of PCOS has also considerably increased. Timely and accurate screening, multicomponent healthy lifestyle modifications for both patients and family members, and comprehensive medical interventions based on international evidence-based guidelines are essential for curtailing PCOS and its comorbidities.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: global impact and clinical consequences.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of liver diseases ranging from simple fatty infiltration of liver parenchyma to the potentially progressive type of NAFLD called nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Given the obesity epidemic, NAFLD and NASH have reached alarming levels globally. Recent data suggest that more than a quarter of the world population is affected by NAFLD; however, the disease prevalence is higher in certain patient population, that is, 55% prevalence rate among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Besides T2DM, NAFLD is also closely related to other metabolic abnormalities, such as visceral obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. It has been suggested that stage of liver fibrosis is the most important factor associated with mortality among patients with NAFLD. Additionally, patients with T2DM have increased risk of adverse outcomes. In addition to these metabolic abnormalities, older age and some genetic factors could pose additional risks. Patients with NAFLD and NASH have significantly impaired health-related quality of life than the general population. There is also a growing economical impact of NAFLD and NASH on healthcare systems around the globe. Despite a number of promising regimens as treatment options, healthy lifestyle modification with diet and exercise remains at the core of management of NAFLD and NASH.

STUDY OF PATIENTS WITH PCOS (POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME) AND ITS CORRELATION WITH WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE, GLUCOSE METABOLISM AND LIPID PROFILE AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, RAJASTHAN

Background: Aims of this study was found the association of PCOS with WHR (Waist hip ratio), Lipid profile and with diabetic status of patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of General Medicine and Department of Gynecology Sardar Patel Medical College and P.B.M. Associated Group of Hospitals,Bikaner from 01 January 2020 to 31Decmbern2020.The sample size for this study is 100. Results: Mean height of patients was 154.51±3.54 cm. 38.00% patients weight were 55—65 kg group. Mean weight of patients was 63.21±13.25 kg. 40.00% patients waist circumference were <80 cm group. Mean waist circumference of patients was 87.35±11.50 cm. Mean BMI of patients was 26.44±5.44 kg/mt2. Mean SBP of patients was 107.84±21.75 mmHg and mean DBP of patients was 91.70±20.50 mmHg. Mean FBS of patients was 95.82±16.55 mg/dl and mean RBS of patients was 134.36±18.04 mg/dl. Mean Hb1Ac of patients was 5.35±0.85%. Mean triglyceride of patients was 113.68±19.25 mg/dl, mean LDL of patients was 95.24±14.94 mg/dl, mean cholesterol of patients was 159.98±18.26 mg/dl and mean HDL of patients was 52.16±6.32 mg/dl. Co-relation between waist circumference and fasting blood sugar & random blood sugar was found statically significant. Conclusion: PCOS, being a common condition prevailing in women with reproductive age group, is the cause of problem for one in four patients attending a gynecologist. Despite treating the infertility and menstrual complaints of the PCOS patients, it is a treating doctor’s duty to take it as an opportunity to screen for metabolic syndrome and advice for healthy diet, physical activity and weight reduction. Healthy life style modification not only improves their menstrual and ovulatory symptoms, but also prevents the future cardiovascular and other morbid ailments. Keywords: PCOS, LDL,FBS,HDL,Hb1Ac

Effect of Lifestyle Modification through the Application of Academic Advising on Academic Achievement among Nursing Students

Background: Lifestyle modification is the experiences involve changing long standing practices, as physical activity, eating behaviors, sleeping pattern, and smoking, time management, stress management and drug use through academic advising, these experiences use for months or years have been associated with academic outcomes. Aim: to determine the effect of lifestyle modification through the application of academic advising on academic achievement among nursing students. Design: Quasi-experimental design. Subjects: A purposive sample of 129 nursing students from the first year (62 students) and second year (67student). Setting: This study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing Menoufia University, Shebin ElKom, Egypt. Instrument: Structured self-administered questionnaire consists of eight parts. Results: there were highly statistical improvement of the mean Students' knowledge and practice scores (P=< 0.001) regarding methods of life style modification after intervention, all studied sample failed in their studying year before intervention, while their academic achievement improved P=< 0.001, presence of positive correlation between students' academic achievement and lifestyle modification interventions in pre and post-intervention among the studied group and presence of positive correlation between students' academic achievement and effect of application of academic advising in pre and post-intervention of life style modification. Conclusion: the existing study concluded that; lifestyle modification had a positive effect on students' academic achievement additional the same effect of academic advising. Recommendation: based on the current research findings the researchers recommended that; providing a well-organized, evidence-based academic advising to reinforce the students' healthy lifestyle modification is needed.

A community-based study on the awareness and prevention of hypercholesterolemia in adults

Background: Intake of unhealthy junk food results into long standing health issues and the research in this paper is focused towards analyzing the knowledge of non-medical population about hypercholesterolemia and to upgrade their education concerned with healthy lifestyle modifications and essential safety measures identified with elevated cholesterol levels and related diseases.Methods: It was a prospective pre-and post-education interventional study carried out on 400 non-medical students at PES degree college Bangalore. A self-managed survey was conveyed to participants using a validated questionnaire during their usual college hours. The data analysis was done utilizing Microsoft excel tool.Results: Out of 400 participants in pre-education interventional study awareness about hypercholesterolemia was found excellent in 129 subjects, average in 243 subjects and poor in 28 subjects, where as in post-education interventional study awareness about hypercholesterolemia was found to be excellent in 355 subjects average in 44 subjects and poor in 1 subject.Conclusions: The significant increment was found in the degree of information among the participants. All over the study was an achievement and the objective of the examination was satisfied. Few participants showed lack of interest however spreading awareness and instructing about wellbeing viewpoints can bring the distinction just if the picked-up information is executed in everyday life.

STUDY OF PATIENTS WITH PCOS (POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME) AND LIPID PROFILE

Background: Aims of this study was found the association of PCOS with Lipid profile of patients.&#x0D; Methods: Cross sectional Hospital based study conducted on Women at reproductive age (15-45 years) and who presented with Rotterdam Criteria.&#x0D; Results: Mean triglyceride of patients was 113.68±19.25 mg/dl, mean LDL of patients was 95.24±14.94 mg/dl, mean cholesterol of patients was 159.98±18.26 mg/dl and mean HDL of patients was 52.16±6.32 mg/dl&#x0D; Conclusion: PCOS, being a common condition prevailing in women with reproductive age group, is the cause of problem for one in four patients attending a gynecologist. Despite treating the infertility and menstrual complaints of the PCOS patients, it is a treating doctor’s duty to take it as an opportunity to screen for metabolic syndrome and advice for healthy diet, physical activity and weight reduction. Healthy life style modification not only improves their menstrual and ovulatory symptoms, but also prevents the future cardiovascular and other morbid ailments.&#x0D; Keywords: PCOS, LDL, FBS, HDL

Effectiveness of Nursing Intervention on Health Locus of Control and Self-Efficacy in Women with Gestational Diabetes

the offspring in prenatal and postnatal periods and later life. Lack of self-care is the most important reason for mortality in diabetic patients. Self-efficacy has a significant role in enhancing successful adherence to healthy behaviors, lifestyle modifications, and diabetes control among gestational diabetes pregnant women.&#x0D; Aim: The current study aimed to evaluate the nursing intervention (NI) effectiveness on health locus of control (HELOC) and self-efficacy in women with gestational diabetes (GD).&#x0D; Methods: A quasi-experimental design (study and control group) was used. The researchers conducted this study at the Antenatal Outpatient Clinics of Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. A purposive sample of 120 women with GD was carefully chosen from the nominated setting and dispersed accidentally into two identical groups (study and control group). Three tools were used for collecting the study data: A structured self-administered questionnaire, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale-C Form, and the General Self-efficacy Scale.&#x0D; Results: There is a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in their internal health locus of control (HELOC) scores after the intervention, with a mean difference of 4.70 at CI 95% for the intervention group p&lt;0.001. A non-statistically significant difference was found between the intervention group and the control group in the external health locus of control (HELOC) mean scores before and after the intervention, although there was a significant difference between the change in both groups p=0.032. Also, there is a highly statistically significant difference between the intervention group and the control group in the self-efficacy scores after the intervention in the intervention group, where p&lt;0.001 compared to a non-significant difference between them before the intervention group intervention (p=0.555).&#x0D; Conclusion: The study concluded that the women with GD who attended NI sessions obtained higher HELOC scores (internal and external) and higher self-efficacy scores than those who do not. Educational nursing intervention should become a fundamental part of the total management of gestational diabetes in antenatal outpatient clinics.

Breast Arterial Calcification: A Potential Biomarker for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk?

We aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the association between breast arterial calcification (BAC) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in women and discuss the potential role of BAC in the risk stratification and preventive approaches for ASCVD. BAC has emerged as a potential women-specific risk marker for ASCVD. Although BAC presents as a medial calcification of the arteries, notably different from the intimal atherosclerotic process, current evidence supports a correlation between BAC and ASCVD risk factors or subclinical and clinical ASCVD, such as coronary artery disease or stroke. As millions of women undergo mammograms each year, the potential clinical application of BAC in enhanced ASCVD risk estimation, with no additional cost or radiation, has tremendous appeal. Although further research regarding optimal risk assessment and management in women with BAC is required, the presence of BAC should prompt healthy cardiovascular lifestyle modifications.

Diet and Nutrition Recommendations during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19) is caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has affected the lives of people worldwide. This document aims to provide guidance on managing asymptomatic, symptomatic mild to moderate illness home quarantine patient’s diet and Nutrition needs. Specially in this time of pandemic, optimum Diet and Nutrition care becomes extremely necessary to manage the illness effectively. Dietary intervention can definitely decrese the severity and disease load of the country. In this time, Healthy positive lifestyle modification is of utmost importance which includes the Healthy diet and Nutrition food habits, meeting nutrition requirements as per medical issues, incorporation of physical activity and relaxation techniques for mental and emotional health.This review summarizes, evidence based literature, nutritional guidelines to support recovery in COVID-19 patients. In this article, we have tried to work out the dietary recommendaions with all the macro and micronutrients for patients suffering from asymptomatic to symptomatic mild to moderate COVID-19 illness, advised home quarantine. A healthy diet containing a variety of macronutrients and micronutrients can provide a significant amount of minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds, which can help in better outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients.

Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mammary Dysplasia (Fibrocystic Breast Disease): A Case Report

Breast cancer (BC) is one among the most common and fatal malignancies affecting women of all ages, though prognosis are good if caught early. Fibrocystic breast disease, which is interchangeably mentioned as fibrocystic breast, is nothing but a benign (noncancerous) condition which gives a lumpy feeling to women. It is not a rapidly progressing disease or dangerous, but is a constant source of problem to some women.&#x0D; &#x0D; In this case report, we present a female suffering from mammary dysplasia (MD). She was initially treated with conventional medicine but received no benefit, so shifted to Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Here, acupuncture, herbal remedies, and specific instructions for a dietary regimen and bra usage were given. We found that by utilizing this holistic approach to treat the root cause, rather than the symptoms, breast pain was eliminated, cystic lumps and related densities were diminished, and cancer progression was thwarted by pursuing healthy lifestyle modification and paying more attention to diet and exercise. Ultimately, this resulted in a better quality of life and suggests that TCM can be employed successfully to treat MD when conventional medicine has failed.

Exercise intensity regulates cytokine and klotho responses in men

BackgroundShort-term exercise training programs that consist of moderate intensity endurance training or high intensity interval training have become popular choices for healthy lifestyle modifications, with as little as two weeks of training being shown to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and whole-body glucose metabolism. An emerging concept in exercise biology is that exercise stimulates the release of cytokines and other factors into the blood that contribute to the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolism, but whether these factors behave similarly in response to moderate and high intensity short term training is not known. Here, we determined the effects of two short-term exercise training programs on the concentrations of select secreted cytokines and Klotho, a protein involved in anti-aging.MethodsHealthy, sedentary men (n = 22) were randomized to moderate intensity training (MIT) or sprint intensity training (SIT) treatment groups. SIT consisted of 6 sessions over 2 weeks of 6 × 30 s all out cycle ergometer sprints with 4 min of recovery between sprints. MIT consisted of 6 sessions over 2 weeks of cycle ergometer exercise at 60% VO2peak, gradually increasing in duration from 40 to 60 min. Blood was taken before the intervention and 48 h after the last training session, and glucose uptake was measured using [18F]FDG‐PET/CT scanning. Cytokines were measured by multiplex and Klotho concentrations by ELISA.ResultsBoth training protocols similarly increased VO2peak and decreased fat percentage and visceral fat (P < 0.05). MIT and SIT training programs both reduced the concentrations of IL-6, Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and Leptin. Interestingly, MIT, but not SIT increased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) concentrations, an exercise-induced cytokine, as well as Klotho concentrations.ConclusionShort-term exercise training at markedly different intensities similarly improves cardiovascular fitness but results in intensity-specific changes in cytokine responses to exercise.

Storying My Lifestyle Change: How Breast Cancer Survivors Experience and Reflect on Their Participation in a Pilot Healthy Lifestyle Intervention

ABSTRACT Purpose: Healthy lifestyle interventions after breast cancer treatment have generally been studied in terms of weight-loss outcomes, which leaves a gap in our understanding of the phenomenological experience of such programs. Our knowledge of how or why women recovering from breast cancer engage or do not engage in these programs is limited. Thus, we aimed to share subjective experiences of lifestyle change within a 12-week group intervention entitled “Healthy Lifestyle Modification After Breast Cancer” (HLM-ABC). Methods: The present research entailed a multiple case study of four breast cancer survivors who participated in the HLM-ABC. Participants were interviewed longitudinally at four time-points: (1) pre-intervention; (2) mid-way intervention; (3) post-intervention, and (4) three-months post-intervention. Results: We analysed storytelling of participation in the HLM-ABC program to investigate participants’ unique and gradual endeavours towards living a healthier lifestyle. A qualitative, narrative analysis was applied to each participant’s set of interviews, which yielded two distinct story-telling patterns while participating in the HLM-ABC program: one “plot-driven” and one “character-driven”. Conclusions: These two narrative styles appeared to correspond with differing levels of intervention uptake and perceived success in the program. The implications of these narrative styles and their relationship to healthy lifestyle intervention are discussed.

Mobile Health Augmented Cardiac Rehabilitation (MCard) in Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A randomised controlled trial protocol.

Objectives:To determine the effectiveness of mobile health augmented cardiac rehabilitation (MCard) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), clinical and behavioural outcomes in post-ACS.Methods:A single-centre, single-blinded, two-arm randomised controlled trial is planned at Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology (AFIC), Pakistan. The duration was two years, that is from January 2019 till December 2020. A total of 160 participants were recruited and randomly allocated to the control group or the intervention group. Intervention is a mobile health augmented cardiac rehabilitation (MCard), a medically supervised cardiac rehabilitation program for 23-24 weeks. The phase one includes individual counselling during the hospital stay and in phase two includes communication of standardised messages related to healthy lifestyle modification through a specifically designed software.Results:This clinical trial results will give insight into the impact of MCard in improving the health outcomes (HRQoL, clinical and behavioural) of participants. If proven to be effective, this technology can be scaled up and implemented in other cardiac centres in the country. It utilises fewer human resources and can be delivered at a lower cost.Conclusion:The study protocol will be giving evidence either MCard can contribute to improving the HRQoL, clinical and behavioural outcomes of post-ACS patients following hospital discharge. Considering the COVID-9 situation, this is the perfect time to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of MCard on health outcomes among post-ACS patients.