Healthy Benefits Research Articles

Peptide Profiling and Biological Activities of 12-Month Ripened Parmigiano Reggiano Cheese.

Proteolysis degree, biological activities, and water-soluble peptide patterns were evaluated in 12 month-ripened Parmigiano Reggiano (PR) cheeses collected in different dairy farms and showing different salt and fat content. Samples classified in high-salt and high-fat group (HH) generally showed lower proteolysis degree than samples having low-salt and low-fat content (LL). This positive correlation between salt/fat reduction and proteolysis was also confirmed by the analysis of biological activities, as the LL group showed higher average values of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory and antioxidant activities. UHPLC/HR-MS allowed the identification of 805 unique peptides: LL and HH groups shared 59.3% of these peptides, while 20.9% and 19.9% were LL and HH specific, respectively. Frequency analysis of peptides identified a core of 183 peptides typical of 12-month ripened PR cheeses (corresponding to the 22.7% of total peptides), but no significant differences were detected in peptide patterns between LL and HH groups. Forty bioactive peptides, including 18 ACE-inhibitors and 12 anti-microbial peptides, were identified, of which 25 firstly found in PR cheese. Globally, this work contributed to unraveling the potentially healthy benefits of peptides fraction in PR cheese and provided prior evidence that PR with reduced fat/salt content showed the highest antihypertensive and antioxidant activities.

Health Benefits of Digital Videogames for the Aging Population: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This article presents the results of a systematic review of the latest, state-of-the-art research on videogames designed for older adults (i.e., those aged 65 or older) and the health benefits derived from playing these games. Findings from each study that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed and summarized into emergent themes to determine the impact of digital games in promoting healthy behaviors and benefits among these older adults. Materials and Methods: Five databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and Google Scholar) were searched for studies that evaluated interventions of videogames for older adults aged 65 and older. The initial search yielded 806 articles. After evaluating them against the inclusion criteria, 23 studies remained. Results: Out of the 23 studies we reviewed, 20 reported the significant impact of videogame interventions on the elderly's physical health. In addition, 14 studies reported effects on the elderly's mental health. Exergame is the most popular type of game used in these videogame-based interventions. This review also includes the details of study design (e.g., type of intervention, length, frequency), population sample, and measurements used in the studies. Conclusions: This systematic review demonstrates that videogame-based interventions are helpful in promoting physical health (i.e., balance, mobility, strength, physical fitness, and walking performance/gait parameters) and mental health (i.e., balance confidence, executive functions, reaction time, and processing speed) among older adults. It can also be used by researchers in this field to inform their design decisions. We have listed guidelines that can be used to frame future research in the area and enhance its quality.

Effects of natural antioxidants on the palm olein quality during the heating and frying

Clean label products with natural antioxidants have always attracted great attention due to healthy benefits. In this study, the stability of palm olein oil with various natural antioxidants (cedarwood, citronella, clove, nutmeg and rosemary oil) during the heat treatment was investigated; the acidic value, conjugated diene and triene content, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance value and instrumental color of the palm olein oil were analyzed. Sample with nutmeg oil exhibited the highest oxidation stability. In addition, the higher the nutmeg oil concentration, the better the prevention of oil oxidation during the heat treatment. During the repeated frying with corn extrudate, nutmeg oil concentration of 4 g/kg palm olein oil was able to prevent lipid degradation. The acidic and peroxide value of the palm olein oil in the fryer was statistically similar to that of the extracted oil from the fried extrudate. Nutmeg oil can be considered as a potential natural antioxidant for industrial frying of snack food products.

Perception of Graduate and Undergraduate Students in the Effective Utilization of Social Networking Sites

The study selected Facebook as a representative of Social Networking Sites because Facebook is the most popular platform for sharing opinions, views, and ideas. A lion share of daily time is spent on surfing Facebook by a large number of university students in Bangladesh. This study endeavors to focus on Facebook’s positive impacts on students’ lifestyle, education, social and economic life, and negative impacts on health and personal relationships. It also investigates whether Facebook could be an essential tool for e-learning or not. 150 students took part in the survey and data was collected through a set of questionnaire. During data analysis, both qualitative and quantitative methods were applied. This study significantly finds that students reflect a high positive opinion, a low negative attitude, and a moderate addiction on Facebook. The study also revealed that Facebook could be utilized to enhance their academic performance and help them get the latest study-related information, share materials, and encourage collaborative learning, group studies, and interaction. It is also found that excessive and imbalanced use of Facebook affects the students’ health and family life. The researcher will try to provide some recommendations for the users to harvest a healthy benefit by using Facebook in a balanced way. Keywords: Facebook, e-learning, positive and negative impact, health, graduate, undergraduate students DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/69-08 Publication date: June 30th 2020

PELATIHAN, PEMBUDIDAYAAN, DAN PENGOLAHAN ALOE VERA MENJADI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG LEZAT, BERGIZI, DAN KAYA MAANFAAT UNTUK MENDONGKRAK PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA PUNGE BLANG CUT KECAMATAN JAYA BARU KOTA BANDA ACEH

One of the villages located in the Jaya Baru District of Banda Aceh City is the village of Punge Blang Cut which has five hamlets. Two of them are Tuan Dikandang and Tuan Dipakeh. Dusun Tuan Dikandang has 1 faqir community and 28 poor people. This faqir / poor community education is: no school 5 people, elementary school: 7 people, junior high school: 9 people, and high school: 8 people. Their jobs are housewives: 14 people, entrepreneurs: 3 people, not / haven't worked: 7 people, tire patchers: 1 person, 3 builders, and becak drivers: 1 person. Hamlet Tuan Dipakeh faqir community 3 people and 44 people poor. Their education is not in school: 1 person, elementary school: 2 people, junior high school: 14 people, high school: 25 people, D III: 2 people, and S1: 3 people. Their work is tricycles: 3 people, IRT: 6 people, entrepreneurs: 16 people, selling stalls: 4 people, making cakes: 3 people, unskilled laborers: 6 people, drivers: 3 people, not working: 3 people, and each - 1 person cut grass, sells fruit and a docker. Aloe Vera is one of the ten types of best-selling plants in the world that have the potential to be developed as medicinal plants and industrial raw materials that can be used both in the world of beauty and food that has many benefits. The purpose of this Community Service is to make training and cultivation of Aloe Vera and process it into healthy, nutritious food and many benefits, as well as business opportunities in order to improve the economy of the people in the two hamlets. The method of conducting training in processing Aloe Vera is an explanation by demonstration / practice of discussion and question and answer as well as how to cultivate Aloe Vera. All participants were distributed modules, tools and materials needed. The training activities are guided by resource persons who are competent in their bidag. The target to be achieved is 30 mothers / fathers who are skilled in cultivating Aloe Vera, and 30 mothers / fathers who are skilled in processing Aloe Vera into delicious, nutritious and rich food.

PELATIHAN, PEMBUDIDAYAAN, DAN PENGOLAHAN ALOE VERA MENJADI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG LEZAT, BERGIZI, DAN KAYA MAANFAAT UNTUK MENDONGKRAK PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA PUNGE BLANG CUT KECAMATAN JAYA BARU KOTA BANDA ACEH

One of the villages located in the Jaya Baru District of Banda Aceh City is the village of Punge Blang Cut which has five hamlets. Two of them are Tuan Dikandang and Tuan Dipakeh. Dusun Tuan Dikandang has 1 faqir community and 28 poor people. This faqir / poor community education is: no school 5 people, elementary school: 7 people, junior high school: 9 people, and high school: 8 people. Their jobs are housewives: 14 people, entrepreneurs: 3 people, not / haven't worked: 7 people, tire patchers: 1 person, 3 builders, and becak drivers: 1 person. Hamlet Tuan Dipakeh faqir community 3 people and 44 people poor. Their education is not in school: 1 person, elementary school: 2 people, junior high school: 14 people, high school: 25 people, D III: 2 people, and S1: 3 people. Their work is tricycles: 3 people, IRT: 6 people, entrepreneurs: 16 people, selling stalls: 4 people, making cakes: 3 people, unskilled laborers: 6 people, drivers: 3 people, not working: 3 people, and each - 1 person cut grass, sells fruit and a docker. Aloe Vera is one of the ten types of best-selling plants in the world that have the potential to be developed as medicinal plants and industrial raw materials that can be used both in the world of beauty and food that has many benefits. The purpose of this Community Service is to make training and cultivation of Aloe Vera and process it into healthy, nutritious food and many benefits, as well as business opportunities in order to improve the economy of the people in the two hamlets. The method of conducting training in processing Aloe Vera is an explanation by demonstration / practice of discussion and question and answer as well as how to cultivate Aloe Vera. All participants were distributed modules, tools and materials needed. The training activities are guided by resource persons who are competent in their bidag. The target to be achieved is 30 mothers / fathers who are skilled in cultivating Aloe Vera, and 30 mothers / fathers who are skilled in processing Aloe Vera into delicious, nutritious and rich food.

PELATIHAN, PEMBUDIDAYAAN, DAN PENGOLAHAN ALOE VERA MENJADI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG LEZAT, BERGIZI, DAN KAYA MAANFAAT UNTUK MENDONGKRAK PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA PUNGE BLANG CUT KECAMATAN JAYA BARU KOTA BANDA ACEH

One of the villages located in the Jaya Baru District of Banda Aceh City is the village of Punge Blang Cut which has five hamlets. Two of them are Tuan Dikandang and Tuan Dipakeh. Dusun Tuan Dikandang has 1 faqir community and 28 poor people. This faqir / poor community education is: no school 5 people, elementary school: 7 people, junior high school: 9 people, and high school: 8 people. Their jobs are housewives: 14 people, entrepreneurs: 3 people, not / haven't worked: 7 people, tire patchers: 1 person, 3 builders, and becak drivers: 1 person. Hamlet Tuan Dipakeh faqir community 3 people and 44 people poor. Their education is not in school: 1 person, elementary school: 2 people, junior high school: 14 people, high school: 25 people, D III: 2 people, and S1: 3 people. Their work is tricycles: 3 people, IRT: 6 people, entrepreneurs: 16 people, selling stalls: 4 people, making cakes: 3 people, unskilled laborers: 6 people, drivers: 3 people, not working: 3 people, and each - 1 person cut grass, sells fruit and a docker. Aloe Vera is one of the ten types of best-selling plants in the world that have the potential to be developed as medicinal plants and industrial raw materials that can be used both in the world of beauty and food that has many benefits. The purpose of this Community Service is to make training and cultivation of Aloe Vera and process it into healthy, nutritious food and many benefits, as well as business opportunities in order to improve the economy of the people in the two hamlets. The method of conducting training in processing Aloe Vera is an explanation by demonstration / practice of discussion and question and answer as well as how to cultivate Aloe Vera. All participants were distributed modules, tools and materials needed. The training activities are guided by resource persons who are competent in their bidag. The target to be achieved is 30 mothers / fathers who are skilled in cultivating Aloe Vera, and 30 mothers / fathers who are skilled in processing Aloe Vera into delicious, nutritious and rich food.

KONTRIBUSI KOMITMEN GURU PADA TUGAS DAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL SECARA BERSAMA-SAMA TERHADAP IKLIM KERJA SAMA GURU SD NEGERI DI KECAMATAN JAYA BARU KOTA BANDA ACEHPELATIHAN, PEMBUDIDAYAAN, DAN PENGOLAHAN ALOE VERA MENJADI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG LEZAT, BERGIZI, DAN KAYA MAANFAAT UNTUK MENDONGKRAK PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA PUNGE BLANG CUT KECAMATAN JAYA BARU KOTA BANDA ACEH

One of the villages located in the Jaya Baru District of Banda Aceh City is the village of Punge Blang Cut which has five hamlets. Two of them are Tuan Dikandang and Tuan Dipakeh. Dusun Tuan Dikandang has 1 faqir community and 28 poor people. This faqir / poor community education is: no school 5 people, elementary school: 7 people, junior high school: 9 people, and high school: 8 people. Their jobs are housewives: 14 people, entrepreneurs: 3 people, not / haven't worked: 7 people, tire patchers: 1 person, 3 builders, and becak drivers: 1 person. Hamlet Tuan Dipakeh faqir community 3 people and 44 people poor. Their education is not in school: 1 person, elementary school: 2 people, junior high school: 14 people, high school: 25 people, D III: 2 people, and S1: 3 people. Their work is tricycles: 3 people, IRT: 6 people, entrepreneurs: 16 people, selling stalls: 4 people, making cakes: 3 people, unskilled laborers: 6 people, drivers: 3 people, not working: 3 people, and each - 1 person cut grass, sells fruit and a docker. Aloe Vera is one of the ten types of best-selling plants in the world that have the potential to be developed as medicinal plants and industrial raw materials that can be used both in the world of beauty and food that has many benefits. The purpose of this Community Service is to make training and cultivation of Aloe Vera and process it into healthy, nutritious food and many benefits, as well as business opportunities in order to improve the economy of the people in the two hamlets. The method of conducting training in processing Aloe Vera is an explanation by demonstration / practice of discussion and question and answer as well as how to cultivate Aloe Vera. All participants were distributed modules, tools and materials needed. The training activities are guided by resource persons who are competent in their bidag. The target to be achieved is 30 mothers / fathers who are skilled in cultivating Aloe Vera, and 30 mothers / fathers who are skilled in processing Aloe Vera into delicious, nutritious and rich food.

Social housing enhances acquisition of task set independently of environmental enrichment: A longitudinal study in the Barnes maze.

Human studies suggest that healthy social relationships benefit cognition, yet little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms of this protective effect. In rodents, studies on acute isolation and environmental enrichment (EE) confirm the importance of social exposure. Despite the widely recognized importance of sociality, however, rodent models have yet to explore the independent contributions of social housing divorced of other forms of enrichment. This study dissociates the effects of social and physical enrichment on spatial learning and memory from adulthood to old age. Rats were placed in either single or group housing, provided with ample enrichment, and tested at three time-points on several phases/versions of the Barnes maze (BM) (standard, retention probes, variable location, and reversal). We found that sustained social housing enhanced cognitive flexibility, as evidenced by superior acquisition of task set (standard BM), adaptability to a new task set (variable BM), and improved reversal learning (reversal BM). Long-term retention (BM retention probes) of spatial memory was unaffected by housing conditions. Recent studies from our lab, including this report, are the first to show that social housing confers cognitive benefits beyond those of physical enrichment. Importantly, our experimental design is ideal for exploring the neural underpinnings of this socially-induced cognitive protection. Understanding how sociality influences cognition will be invaluable to translational models of aging, neuropsychiatric disease, and neurological injury.

Tackling difficult problems through collaboration among multi-disciplinary research and industry

Healthy building is a new trend after green buildings in the world. “WELL” was launched as the first guideline for healthy buildings in 2014 in USA. In 2017, China Healthy Building Assessment Standard was launched. Good indoor air quality is an important part for healthy buildings. The score of indoor air quality accounts for nearly 25 in the total score (100) in Healthy Building Assessment Standard (T/ASC 02-2016). The indoor air quality items in the standards are mainly based upon China Indoor Air Quality Standard (GB/T 18883-2001). However, the target indoor air pollutants in the both standards (T/ASC 02-2016 and GB/T 18883-2001) are not determined based upon the indoor air quality investigations in China. In order to revise the China Indoor Air Quality Standard (GB/T 18883-2001) and improve or develop the relevant indoor air quality control techniques, it’s necessary to know the important and unsolved problems in indoor air quality control in China. From them, the important scientific problems and key technical problems in China can be identified, and the gaps between the control demands and the levels of the related industries in China can be recognized. Then, various control approaches and strategies can be developed effectively. For this purpose, we present a series of important and unsolved problems in indoor air quality control in China: Identify the target indoor air pollutants and the corresponding thresholds based upon China’s indoor air quality situations, develop energy efficient engineering approaches to simultaneously control indoor air climate and quality, and develop the approach of scientific evaluation for indoor air quality control effect. The important scientific and key technical problems behind them are: The method of determining the target indoor air pollutants, the method of determining the thresholds of the target indoor air pollutants, the principle and method to overall control of indoor air climate and quality, the method of scientific evaluation for indoor air quality control effect not only based upon the concentrations of the target indoor air pollutants but also based upon the human health response. We are carrying out a national research project whose title is “study on fundamental problems and key technical approaches in indoor air quality control”. Based upon its research advance, we put forward a framework and understanding of solving the aforementioned problems: (1) Determining the target indoor air pollutants based upon the burden of diseases of indoor air pollutants in China. In the study, the burden of diseases of all target indoor air pollutants is obtained so that the overall burden of diseases of indoor air pollution can be roughly estimated. It’s a quantitative index to show the importance of indoor air quality problems in China. (2) Determining the corresponding thresholds of the indoor air pollutants based upon the control feasibility and the health benefit. The healthy benefit can be evaluated by the reduction of burden of diseases of the target indoor air pollutants which can also be equivalent as the reduction of economic loss. (3) Developing inverse problem and variation method to identify the optimal control systems and operative strategies. It’s an original novel approach for indoor air quality control. (4) Developing some partial space and/or partial time control approaches for indoor air quality. (5) Developing novel evaluation method for control effect by using biomarker-based techniques. (6) Narrowing or even removing the gaps between the indoor air quality control related industries. The indoor air quality control standards in those industries shouldn’t conflict each other. (7) Applying various newly-developed sensors and big data techniques to understand the links between the indoor air quality and human health response. New on-line monitoring sensors with acceptable precision, together with some new big-data analysis methods are strongly needed. To tackling the above problems which are related to many disciplines, collaboration among multi-disciplinary research and industries is very important.

Dietary Xanthan Gum Alters Antibiotic Efficacy against the Murine Gut Microbiota and Attenuates Clostridioides difficile Colonization.

Dietary fiber provides a variety of microbiota-mediated benefits ranging from anti-inflammatory metabolites to pathogen colonization resistance. A healthy gut microbiota protects against Clostridioides difficile colonization. Manipulation of these microbes through diet may increase colonization resistance to improve clinical outcomes. The primary objective of this study was to identify how the dietary fiber xanthan gum affects the microbiota and C. difficile colonization. We added 5% xanthan gum to the diet of C57BL/6 mice and examined its effect on the microbiota through 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and short-chain fatty acid analysis. Following either cefoperazone or an antibiotic cocktail administration, we challenged mice with C. difficile and measured colonization by monitoring the CFU. Xanthan gum administration is associated with increases in fiber-degrading taxa and short-chain fatty acid concentrations. However, by maintaining both the diversity and absolute abundance of the microbiota during antibiotic treatment, the protective effects of xanthan gum administration on the microbiota were more prominent than the enrichment of these fiber-degrading taxa. As a result, mice that were on the xanthan gum diet experienced limited to no C. difficile colonization. Xanthan gum administration alters mouse susceptibility to C. difficile colonization by maintaining the microbiota during antibiotic treatment. While antibiotic-xanthan gum interactions are not well understood, xanthan gum has previously been used to bind drugs and alter their pharmacokinetics. Thus, xanthan gum may alter the activity of the oral antibiotics used to make the microbiota susceptible. Future research should further characterize how this and other common dietary fibers interact with drugs.IMPORTANCE A healthy gut bacterial community benefits the host by breaking down dietary nutrients and protecting against pathogens. Clostridioides difficile capitalizes on the absence of this community to cause diarrhea and inflammation. Thus, a major clinical goal is to find ways to increase resistance to C. difficile colonization by either supplementing with bacteria that promote resistance or a diet to enrich for those already present in the gut. In this study, we describe an interaction between xanthan gum, a human dietary additive, and the microbiota resulting in an altered gut environment that is protective against C. difficile colonization.

New insights into red plant pigments: more than just natural colorants.

Pigments make nature both colorful and attractive. Humans have always incorporated the natural pigments of fruits, vegetables and spices into their dietary requirements. Naturally occurring red pigments in plants are carotenoids, anthocyanins and betacyanins. Natural pigments, apart from colour, provide added properties and are therefore considered to be bioactive constituents. Red natural colorants are one of the most widely used in the food industry. The interest in these pigments lies in the enhancement of the healthy effects of the diet. In this context, attention is given to carotenoids, anthocyanins and betacyanins, with emphasis on the basic chemical and biochemical attributes and wide-ranging health-promoting benefits of these pigments. Thus, in this review, we systematically present the advantages and limitations of these natural pigments as food colorants in relation to their physico-chemical properties, reactivity and bioactivity.

Children's acceptance of Pilot program of School meals in rural region of northern Croatia

AbstractIn the rural region of northern Croatian county Koprivnica Krizevci, new school meals program “Smart meals for smart kids” was implemented since the beginning of 2019. Analysis of nutritional quality of standard school meals served in 18 primary schools indicated high consumption of cereal products, meat, particularly meat products, pastry and sweets, and lacking of fruits, vegetables, fish and legumes. New menu was designed with the aim of improving nutritional quality of schools’ meals through a new recipes based on gastronomy heritage, dietary habits and National guidelines, but also education and testing of children's acceptance. Initial step of the project was to test new menu through Pilot program in six schools during two weeks. Process was accompanied by educational activities through originally designed leaflet about healthy diet, new meals and nutritional benefits, and was distributed among all students. Children's acceptance of Pilot menu of 10 meals was analyzed on a 9-point pictured hedonic scale and qualitative discussion through focus groups. In every school questionnaire was distributed in 4th (age 9 to 10) and 7th grade (age 12 to 13). In total, 237 children filled out the questionnaire, 104 from 4th grade and 133 from 7th grade. In focus groups, 26 participated 14 students and 12 teachers. Results show that best accepted meals were Spaghetti Bolognese, Breaded fish with cabbage savoy and potatoes, and Chicken risotto. High acceptance of this meals can be explained by familiarity to the children, often being served at school, relatively simple dishes with lesser amount of known ingredients and adequate taste profile. Least preferred meals were Chickpea with barley and corn, and Gnocchi with turnip, these meals were in most schools served for the first time, ingredients were unfamiliar, and combination of tastes was not according to the children's preferences. Qualitative discussion revealed that children noticed the difference from standard meals, particularly increase in serving of fruits and different and new varieties of vegetables, and believe that new meals are healthier. They also liked the educational leaflet and think it is a good way of communicating about healthy diet. Teachers welcome the new menus, differences were noticeable in intensity of spiciness, new varieties of vegetables and legumes, and more served fruits. For a successful and sustainable Program follow-up, school meals should be adapted to children's dietary habits gradually with careful introduction of the new food and tastes, followed by continuous nutritional education.

Glottal Source Information for Pathological Voice Detection

Automatic methods for the detection of pathological voice from healthy speech can be considered as potential clinical tools for medical treatment. This study investigates the effectiveness of glottal source information in the detection of pathological voice by comparing the classical pipeline approach to the end-to-end approach. The traditional pipeline approach consists of a feature extractor and a separate classifier. In the former, two sets of glottal features (computed using the quasi-closed phase glottal inverse filtering method) are used together with the widely used openSMILE features. Using both the glottal and openSMILE features extracted from voice utterances and the corresponding healthy/pathology labels, support vector machine (SVM) classifiers are trained. In building end-to-end systems, both raw speech signals and raw glottal flow waveforms are used to train two deep learning architectures: (1) a combination of convolutional neural network (CNN) and multilayer perceptron (MLP), and (2) a combination of CNN and long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Experiments were carried out using three publicly available databases, including dysarthric (the UA-Speech database and the TORGO database) and dysphonic voices (the UPM database). The performance analysis of the detection system based on the traditional pipeline approach showed best results when the glottal features were combined with the baseline openSMILE features. The results of the end-to-end approach indicated higher accuracies (about 2-3 % improvement in all three databases) when glottal flow was used as the raw time-domain input (87.93 % for UA-Speech, 81.12 % for TORGO and 76.66 % for UPM) compared to using raw speech waveform (85.12 % for UA-Speech, 78.83 % for TORGO and 73.71 % for UPM). The evaluation of both approaches demonstrate that automatic detection of pathological voice from healthy speech benefits from using glottal source information.

The Medical Benefits of Work and the Health “Cost” of Unemployment

Abstract In 2011, the American Medical Association published the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Work Ability and Return to Work (AMA's Return to Work), Second Edition, which began with a review of consensus statements attesting that, in general, work is good for a person's health and well-being. Since publication of AMA's Return to Work, the Australian Royal College of Physicians has issued a consensus statement about the negative health consequences of becoming unemployed and the health benefits of returning to work. Key points include: for most individuals, working improves general health and well-being and reduces psychological distress; even musculoskeletal and mental health conditions attributed to work can benefit from activity-based rehabilitation and an early return to suitable work; long-term work absence is harmful to physical and mental health and well-being; the negative effects of remaining away from work include stress on the worker's families, including children. Of the potential consequences of unemployment in mid-adult life, the worst is premature death. In causation research, unlike medical treatment studies, individuals cannot be randomly assigned to a group that is forced to remain at work and a group that is forced to be unemployed. Even so, causation research has found strong evidence for a protective effect of employment on depression and general mental health. In performing evaluations, physicians must accurately assess work ability and recognize the healthy benefits of work.

Çocukluk Çağı Kronik Hastalıklarında Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisi Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasını Etkiler mi?

Sağlıklı bağırsak mikrobiyotası patojenlerden korunma ve immün yanıtların olgunlaşması dahil olmak üzere pek çok açıdan konakçıya fayda sağlamaktadır. Ortaya çıkan kanıtlar, bağırsak mikrobiyotasının alerjik hastalıklar, çölyak, tip 1 diyabet ve obezite gibi erişkinlikte de devam edebilen çocukluk çağı hastalıklarının gelişimi ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Beslenme, bağırsak mikrobiyota çeşitliliğini ve işlevselliğini etkileyen ana çevresel faktör olarak kabul edilmektedir. Diyetin kısa sürede bağırsak mikrobiyotasında önemli değişikliklere yol açabileceği gösterilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda çocukluk çağı kronik hastalıklarında tıbbi beslenme tedavisi uygulamalarının da bağırsak mikrobiyota bileşimini etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir. Beslenme tedavileri ve bağırsak mikrobiyotası arasındaki ilişkiyi ve etkileşimleri anlamak, hastalıkların yönetimi için kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu derlemede, çocukluk çağındaki bazı kronik hastalıklarda uygulanan tıbbi beslenme tedavilerinin bağırsak mikrobiyotası üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir.

Assessment and optimization of grinding process on AISI 1045 steel in terms of green manufacturing using orthogonal experimental design and grey relational analysis

In the production process, people usually pay more attention to the parts’ technical performance and production cost while ignoring the influence of the production process on workers’ health and the environment. Therefore, in this paper, the multi-objective optimization for grinding process with AISI 1045 steel was conducted to obtain the optimal scheme of the workpiece feed velocities, the depths of cutting and cooling/lubrication conditions. The residual stress, surface roughness, production cost, production rate, operator health and CO2 emission were evaluated as optimization objectives. A series of models were proposed and revised to apply to the flood and small quantity cooling/lubrication grinding conditions. Grinding is a high specific energy processing method, and the grinding surface of the metal workpiece usually generates large tensile residual stress due to excessive grinding heat, which does harm to the surface quality and fatigue life of products. Therefore the residual stress and surface roughness were evaluated as the technical benefit by experiments. The production rate and production cost as the economic benefit, the harm of grinding fluid to machine tools operators as the healthy benefit, and the CO2 emission as the environmental benefit were considered based on models. An orthogonal experiment was designed by Taguchi method. The contribution rates of each objective and their corresponding sub-objectives were calculated by grey relational analysis to avoid the correlation effects among different objectives. Finally, the grinding schemes were optimized by the range analysis and validated by experiments and calculations. The results show that the combined technical, economic, healthy and environmental benefits were improved significantly with the optimal scheme of workpiece feed velocity 2.4 mmin−1, depth of cut 0.03 mm, and small quantity cooling/lubrication. It has an important reference value for green manufacturing. Besides, the feasibility of small quantity cooling/lubrication with water for the grinding process was proved.

HOT BATH THERAPY FOR POSTPARTUM MOTHERS: THE ETHNOCARING PRACTICE IN THE MUNA TRIBE, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI, INDONESIA

Background: Postpartum mothers are vulnerable to postpartum fatigue, delivery process fatigue, and role transition. The unknown fatigue can trigger stress and anxiety that will lead to postpartum blues and postpartum depression. The ethnocaring of the Muna tribe has a series of care that can prevent postpartum fatigue, including a hot bath. Objective: To explore the ethnocaring practice on the postpartum care method in the Muna tribe using hot bath and analyze it scientifically. Methods: This study was a qualitative study with an ethnographic approach. The participants were 15 Muna’s indigenous midwives and 4 Muna’s mothers. Snowball sampling was employed to select the samples. The data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussion and participatory observation. The data validity was made by completing the trustworthiness criteria process.Results: The results of the study were described into 3 themes, namely equipment, treatment, and prohibition. The equipment theme describes tools and materials. Conclusion: The ethnocaring therapy of a hot bath in Muna’s postpartum mothers has healthy benefits namely for relaxation, increasing the oxygen uptake, increasing concentration and revitalizing the reproductive organs.

Extra virgin olive oil improves synaptic activity, short-term plasticity, memory, and neuropathology in a tauopathy model.

In recent years, increasing evidence has accumulated supporting the health benefits of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Previous studies showed that EVOO supplementation improves Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐like amyloidotic phenotype of transgenic mice. However, while much attention has been focused on EVOO‐mediated modulation of Aβ processing, its direct influence on tau metabolism in vivo and synaptic function is still poorly characterized. In this study, we investigated the effect of chronic supplementation of EVOO on the phenotype of a relevant mouse model of tauopathy, human transgenic tau mice (hTau). Starting at 6 months of age, hTau mice were fed chow diet supplemented with EVOO or vehicle for additional 6 months, and then the effect on their phenotype was assessed. At the end of the treatment, compared with control mice receiving EVOO displayed improved memory and cognition which was associated with increased basal synaptic activity and short‐term plasticity. This effect was accompanied by an upregulation of complexin 1, a key presynaptic protein. Moreover, EVOO treatment resulted in a significant reduction of tau oligomers and phosphorylated tau at specific epitopes. Our findings demonstrate that EVOO directly improves synaptic activity, short‐term plasticity, and memory while decreasing tau neuropathology in the hTau mice. These results strengthen the healthy benefits of EVOO and further support the therapeutic potential of this natural product not only for AD but also for primary tauopathies.

Assessment of the biochemical and nutritional values of Venerupis decussata from Tunisian lagoons submitted to different anthropogenic ranks.

The present study aimed to evaluate the biochemical status of Venerupis decussata collected seasonally from two Tunisian coastline lagoons (Ghar El Melh and Boughrara) submitted to different anthropogenic levels. Trace elements were significantly higher in clams from Boughrara, especially during the warm season. Fatty acids, proximate compositions, and nutritional value of both clam populations were higher, appearing to be the best for human consumption principally during the spring season. The principal component analysis was determined, including phospholipids and reserve lipids, revealing a great variation with the exogenous and endogenous factors. Generally, clams from Boughrara had a significant alteration in biochemical composition principally due to the anthropogenic levels and physicochemical fluctuation of this lagoon. Our results reflected the healthy benefit of clam consumption and the use of energy reserves and essential fatty acids as a great biomarker to assess ecological risk in lagoons and other coastal ecosystems.