Health Care Doctors Research Articles

Psychological repercussions of COVID-19 on health care workers, Sudan.

Healthcare workers around the world were confronted with innumerable torments with the emergence of COVID-19. Amid the pandemic, frontline healthcare personnel serve crucial responsibilities and endure significant social, psychological and economic consequences. This cross-sectional study collected demographic data for 1 year from 385 healthcare officials from all the hospitals spread across the state of Khartoum to research the factors that affected the healthcare workers and doctors who were on the frontline to diagnose and treat the patients with potential or confirmed COVID-19. The degree of symptoms of depression, anxiety and insomnia was also assessed through validated measurement tools. The female participants showed more vulnerability to depression, anxiety and insomnia than their male counterparts. It was reported by the end of the study that the healthcare workers in Sudan are under immense psychological hazards.

Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Design Personalized Exercise Programs for Health and Wellness

The research paper showcases an elaborate study of machine learning, which is used in healthcare or medical platforms and can be used by healthcare professionals to adopt better diagnostic instruments and tools for examining medical issues or images. The paper highlights that a machine learning algorithm can be utilized in X-rays or MRI scans to examine disease and health issues. This paper will also discuss how this algorithm can help healthcare professionals, doctors, and nurses make accurate diagnoses for better services and patient outcomes. One of the major advantages of using the secondary research method in the following research is the abundance of the literature. All the data being used here are previously collected and evaluated with the result, and using these will increase the impact of the study overall. This method saves resources, including money, time, and manpower. This research method allows the researcher to build new knowledge and draw new conclusions based on existing expertise and knowledge. The chosen research philosophy is the Interpretivism research philosophy. The chosen research approach here is the inductive research approach. The chosen research design for this study is exploratory. All these help the research to achieve its objectives and reach the proposed goal of this research.

Efficacy of Interventions in Reducing the Risks of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are prevalent among healthcare professionals, including nurses, therapists, doctors, and paramedics, due to the potential injuries incurred during patient transfer and handling. This review aimed to assess the effectiveness of existing interventions in reducing the risks of WMSDs in this population. Four databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were searched to identify randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials, as well as studies with pre-post design. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the included studies using the Effective Public Health Practice Project criteria. A meta-analysis was performed to obtain quantitative results. A total of 40 studies were included in the review. Among the interventions, motorized assistive devices showed the most significant relative reduction in WMSD risks (p < .0000; standardized mean difference [SMD] = -3.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [-4.53, -2.12]), followed by combined interventions of cognitive and exercise (p < .0001; SMD = -0.62, 95% CI = [-0.91, -0.33]), combined intervention of cognitive and assistive device intervention (p = .02; SMD = -0.77, 95% CI = [-1.42, -0.12]), nonmotorized assistive device (p = .02; SMD = -0.63, 95% CI = [-1.15, -0.12]), cognitive intervention (p < .0001; SMD = -0.62, 95% CI = [-0.91, -0.33]), and physical exercise (p = .06; SMD = -0.16, 95% CI = [-0.32, 0.00]) intervention. The overall evidence indicates that interventions have a significant effect in reducing the risk of WMSDs among healthcare workers, with motorized assistive devices showing the most promising results. The findings from this review can provide valuable guidance for hospital administrators, policymakers, and other experts in implementing effective strategies to prevent WMSDs among healthcare professionals.

Factors underlying burnout among rural village physicians in Southwestern China

AbstractBackgroundPrimary healthcare doctors in China often experience problems with occupational burnout, a condition known to relate to high job stress and low wages. In China, many medical alliances have recently been established in rural areas, where village physicians work as healthcare gatekeepers. However, burnout in village physicians in the context of medical alliances remains underresearched.MethodsThis cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 100 village physicians practicing at village clinics in Qiandongnan prefecture, Guizhou province, China. An online questionnaire was distributed to assess physicians' demographic characteristics and work situations. Burnout was measured using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (validated Chinese version). A multivariate linear model with stepwise procedure was used to estimate the effects of factors of interest on burnout, focusing particularly on actions within the medical alliance that involved respondents' clinics, such as training and support for village physicians provided by higher‐level facilities.ResultsThe overall response rate was 79%. The mean burnout score was 38.09 (standard deviation, 4.55; range, 25–47). The multivariate analysis showed that fewer working years and too much farming work were significantly related to exacerbation of burnout. Greater medical services in the total workload and greater support from higher‐level facilities were associated with burnout alleviation.ConclusionClose connections and interactions across medical alliance member facilities could facilitate reduction in burnout for village physicians practicing as primary care gatekeepers.

Continuity of different levels of medical education in the training of doctors for primary health care (preventive aspect)

Currently, the training of doctors to provide primary health care is one of the priority areas of medical education. In the paper, from the standpoint of the requirements of the continuity principle, the results of the analysis of the academic courses programs content are presented. They ensure the development of students skills to perform labor functions in the preventive activities of a doctor. They are implemented at the faculties where the major is 31.05.01 General Medicine and 31.08.49 Therapy in medical universities subordinate to the Ministry of Health of Russia, included in the top 20 best medical universities, according to the RAEX ranking (March 2022). A comparative analysis was carried out between the content of academic courses and the content of the labor functions of doctors: Conducting medical, preventive medical examinations, medical examinations, dispensary observation of patients with diseases and (or) conditions in the "therapy" and monitoring the effectiveness of dispensary observation measures and Carrying out measures for the prevention and formation of a healthy lifestyle and sanitary and hygienic education of the population. The criteria for assessing the compliance of the content of the programs with the requirements of the above-mentioned labor functions of the professional standard Therapist were: 1) the presence in the curriculum of the courses that provide training of students to perform the specified labor functions; 2) the presence in the content of academic courses of knowledge that ensures the development of the necessary skills of a doctor in the performance of these labor functions; 3) the structure and content of the programs for preparing students for preventive activities are developed in accordance with the requirements of the principle of continuity. According to the results of the study, it has been revealed that general theoretical knowledge of prevention, as a set of measures aimed at maintaining and strengthening the health of the population, promoting a healthy lifestyle and preventing the occurrence and (or) spread of diseases, are included in the training programs for doctors majoring in 31.05.01 General Medicine. However, the development of students skills in performing the above labor functions is unsystematic, which leads to a violation of the continuity of different levels of medical education in preparing doctors for primary health care.

Identification predictors of risk of dental implant rejection in the early postoperative period

BACKGROUND: The modern model of healthcare requires a paradigm shift in the thinking of healthcare managers, doctors, and patients. A personalized approach, identification of possible causes of diseases, and prevention of pathologies are the components of successful and quality healthcare delivery in our country. Dentistry is a field in which preventive, prophylactic, and personalized medicine is an integral part of patient care. One of the important tasks of modern digital dentistry is to find indicators that allow for predicting dental implant complications. The solution to this problem could be the creation of a medical decision support system that allows predicting outcomes before implant surgery. AIMS: To reliably identify predictors of early (up to 6 months) risk of dental implant rejection by applying hierarchical Bayesian survival analysis models. METHODS: Data collected retrospectively for patients who underwent dental implant placement between 2013 and 2022 were considered information bases. Data were generated from multicenter surveys conducted in dental implant centers in Stavropol, Moscow, and Penza. The total number of observed cases was 1472. A group of defined factors was considered candidate risk predictors, and the Bayesian hierarchical Cox model (Gsslasso Cox) was used to identify risk predictors. RESULTS: After retrospective analysis of the collected data and screening out incomplete and poor-quality information, the database included a total of 39 variables (factors) for 1472 observations (implants). The multivariate analysis yielded the following predictors of risk of early dental implant rejection: male sex (hazard ratio [HR] 2.388, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.345; 4.240, p=0.003), age at implantation (years; HR1.034, 95% CI 1.0081.041, p=0.011), oral hygiene (SilnesLow index; HR 2.439, 95% CI 1.2054.701, p=0.051), osteoporosis (HR 5.512, 95% CI 3.6848.248, p 0.001), bone width (mm; HR 0.823, 95% CI 0.7160.944, p=0.006), anesthetic type (local; HR 0.469, 95% CI 0.2340.944, p=0.034), localized periodontitis (HR 2.024, 95% CI 1.4522.821, p=0.039), and low-festooned, thick gingiva (HR=0.485; 95% CI: 0.358-0.658; p=0.0104). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that predictors of risk of dental implant rejection can be identified separately in the early postoperative period (up to 6 months) by using hierarchical Bayesian survival analysis models, and risk predictors different from those in the longer term are identified in this period.

Relationship between burnout levels of nurses and their circadian preference, sleep quality, and personality traits

ABSTRACT Occupational stress and burnout are widely encountered among many healthcare professionals, including nurses and doctors, as well as among members of other professions. For example, nurses, who have disrupted circadian rhythms, are seen to have sleep problems. In addition, their personality traits are also considered to be related with burnout. This study aimed to identify nurses’ circadian preference and personality traits along with their effects on sleep quality and their relationship with burnout. In this study, 211 nurses (40 male, 171 female) using the correlational model from quantitative research methods was used since the variables of morningness/eveningness, personality trait, sleep quality, and burnout were aimed to be investigated at once, without intervention, within the predictivity context of the relationship among them. When the scores obtained from the burnout scale were examined, it was observed that the emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment subdimensions were so close to the median value and mean, while depersonalization was quite low compared to these sub-dimensions. The participants’ sleep quality was seen to be at the lowest step of the poor sleep quality class. When the scores obtained from the MESSI scale are examined, it is seen that the scores obtained from the morning affect dimension are above the median value, and the highest average according to the Five-Factor Personality Traits Scale is obtained in the subdimensions of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Female gender, constantly work at night, having a high number of weekly working hours increased burnout level. Additionally Evening chronotype, poor sleep quality, neuroticism, agreeableness, extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits were found to be associated with burnout in this study. In the study, being of different chronotypes, having other personality traits, and varying sleep quality scores were seen to affect the sub-dimensions of burnout.

Determinants of Violence and Aggression Towards Health Care Doctors in Health Management Hub Pakistan: A Short Survey Report

The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency and potential factors associated with violence, as well as the types of perpetrators involved, physical injuries, and psychological consequences experienced by doctors in Islamabad's tertiary care hospitals. A cross-sectional survey based on research questionnaires was used. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from the tertiary care hospitals of Islamabad from January to August 2021. The sample consists of (n = 115) medical doctors of different specialties. A total of 53 (46.10%) participants reported a high degree of concern about violent incidents, of whom 33 (28.70%) female doctors and 20 (20.17%) male doctors showed their responses to the high degree of violent incidents. Furthermore, the results show that 58 (50.40%) participants were not properly prepared for managing the violence. Similarly, 58 (50.40%) participants have experienced violence during the past 6 months, while 95 (82.60%) doctors witnessed violent incidents toward doctors during the past 6 months. Moreover, doctors working in the emergency and accident departments were more vulnerable to be victims of violence compared with doctors working in other departments during the past 6 months. A significant perpetrator proportion (n = 43; 74.13%) were reported to be the attendants of patients. However, doctors working in the psychiatry department were more vulnerable to serious physical violence (χ2 = 10.40, p = 0.01). Approximately 90% of victims reported some kind of psychological impact where fear was found more common in females, while anger has been found more common in males (χ2 = 7.92, p = 0.01).

Periodic Medical Checkup Among Health Workers at A Teaching Hospital in Ghana

Introduction: Periodic medical checkup is an essential component of preventive medicine and health promotion. Assessing the knowledge, perception and practice of health care professional on routine medical checkup set the tone for the general public. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 health care personnel, nurses, doctors and medical laboratory scientist, using a convenience sampling method, to assess their practice of periodic medical checkup. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire, with questions classified under demographics, knowledge, perception and practice. Data processing was carried out using Microsoft excel. Data was checked, cleaned and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science, SPSS version 21. Results: The study found a high prevalence of knowledge among the participants. There was, at least, above 90% on all questionnaire items assessing knowledge. Similarly, participants exhibited a positive perception towards medical checkups. 98.7% said medical checkups are important whilst 99.0% said they would encourage the practice of periodic medical checkup. Prevalence of periodic medical checkup was 91.0%. Most of the participants recommended medical checkups be covered by health insurance whilst health facilities should also ensure an annual examination of its staffs. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of medical checkup among health care personnel at the teaching hospital under study, positive attitude as well as a high level of knowledge regarding the practice.

A qualitative study to explore healthcare providers' perspectives on barriers and enablers to early detection of breast and cervical cancers among women attending primary healthcare clinics in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Low-and-middle income countries (LMICs) contribute approximately 70% of global cancer deaths, and the cancer incidence in these countries is rapidly increasing. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, including South Africa (SA), bear some of the world's highest cancer case fatality rates, largely attributed to late diagnosis. We explored contextual enablers and barriers for early detection of breast and cervical cancers according to facility managers and clinical staff at primary healthcare clinics in the Soweto neighbourhood of Johannesburg, South Africa. We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews (IDIs) between August and November 2021 amongst 13 healthcare provider nurses and doctors as well as 9 facility managers at eight public healthcare clinics in Johannesburg. IDIs were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and entered into NVIVO for framework data analysis. Analysis was stratified by healthcare provider role and identified apriori around the themes of barriers and facilitators for early detection and management of breast and cervical cancers. Findings were conceptualised within the socioecological model and then explored within the capability, opportunity and motivation model of behaviour (COM-B) for pathways that potentially influence the low screening provision and uptake. The findings revealed provider perceptions of insufficient South African Department of Health (SA DOH) training support and staff rotations resulting in providers lacking knowledge and skills on cancer, screening policies and techniques. This coupled with provider perceptions of poor patient cancer and screening knowledge revealed low capacity for cancer screening. Providers also perceived opportunity for cancer screening to be undermined by the limited screening services mandated by the SA DOH, insufficient providers, inadequate facilities, supplies and barriers to accessing laboratory results. Providers perceived women to prefer to self-medicate and consult with traditional healers and access primary care for curative services only. These findings compound the low opportunity to provide and demand cancer screening services. And because the National SA Health Department is perceived by providers not to prioritize cancer nor involve primary care stakeholders in policy and performance indicator development, overworked, unwelcoming providers have little motivation to learn screening skills and provide screening services. Providers reported that patients preferred to go elsewhere and that women perceived cervical cancer screening as painful. These perceptions must be confirmed for veracity among policy and patient stakeholders. Nevertheless, cost-effective interventions can be implemented to address these perceived barriers including multistakeholder education, mobile and tent screening facilities and using existing community fieldworkers and NGO partners in providing screening services. Our results revealed provider perspectives of complex barriers to the early detection and management of breast and cervical cancers in primary health clinic settings in Greater Soweto. These barriers together appear potentially to produce compounding effects, and therefore there is a need to research the cumulative impact but also engage with stakeholder groups to verify findings and create awareness. Additionally, opportunities do exist to intervene across the cancer care continuum in South Africa to address these barriers by improving the quality and volume of provider cancer screening services, and in turn, increasing the community demand and uptake for these services.

Perceptions and practice of breast self-examination among adult women residing in rural South Karnataka

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is the leading cause of death among women with 40-45 years old. The only way to manage this disease is early diagnosis through screening which helps in detecting breast cancer in 90% of women that it can be treated in about 90% of women. The best accessible and affordable way to screening is breast self-examination (BSE). The main objective of the study is to assess the awareness (knowledge, attitude and practice) regarding breast self-examination among women aged 30 years and above residing in a rural area. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2016 to January 2017 in villages under Ittamadu Primary Health Centre area, Ramnagara District. A total of 600 women aged 30 years or above who gave written informed consent participated in the study. A semi structured questionnaire was administered by interview method. Descriptive statistics was used for analysis. Results: This study revealed that the awareness regarding breast cancer among adult women aged 30 years and above was 4%. Majority of the study participants had poor knowledge regarding BSE, however they had favourable attitude towards BSE. With regard to practice of BSE, only 4% of the study participants practiced BSE. Conclusions: Breast self-examination is one of the most appropriate, convenient and cost-effective method that can be done by every woman for early detection of breast cancer and all women after the age of 18 years should be trained to do BSE correctly and regularly by healthcare workers and doctors.

Mental health related stigma, service provision and utilization in Northern India: situational analysis

Stigma, discrimination, poor help seeking, dearth of mental health professionals, inadequate services and facilities all adversely impact the mental health treatment gap. Service utilization by the community is influenced by cultural beliefs and literacy levels. We conducted a situational analysis in light of the little information available on mental health related stigma, service provision and utilization in Haryana, a state in Northern India. This involved: (a) qualitative key informant interviews; (b) health facility records review; and (c) policy document review to understand the local context of Faridabad district in Northern India. Ethical approvals for the study were taken before the study commenced. Phone call in-depth interviews were carried out with a purposive sample of 13 participants (Mean = 38.07 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic, which included 4 community health workers, 4 people with mental illness, 5 service providers (primary health care doctors and mental health specialists). Data for health facility review was collected from local primary health and specialist facilities while key policy documents were critically analysed for service provision and stigma alleviation activities. Thematic analysis was used to analyse patterns within the interview data. We found poor awareness and knowledge about mental illnesses, belief in faith and traditional healers, scarcity of resources (medicines, trained professionals and mental health inpatient and outpatient clinics), poor access to appropriate mental health facilities, and high costs for seeking mental health care. There is a critical gap between mental health related provisions in policy documents and its implementation at primary and district level.

The Moderating Effects of Social Responsibility Climate and Safety Climate in Keeping Healthcare Workers' Engagement during COVID-19.

The outbreak of COVID-19 brings an overload of physical and mental demands to healthcare professionals. Keeping healthcare professionals sustainable, engaged, and performing at their highest levels becomes critical and nonetheless difficult. The objective of this research is to link the literature on organizational climates, corporate social responsibility, safety science, and work engagement, and propose a research framework that investigates the factors influencing healthcare professionals' engagement during COVID-19. We propose that when healthcare workers' career callings are triggered by COVID-19, it influences their perceptions of the work's meaningfulness, which ultimately enhances their work engagement. We argue that creating a social responsibility climate and a safety climate inside the hospital facilitates the process of turning healthcare workers' perceived work meaningfulness into work engagement. We collected data from 112 healthcare professionals, including nurses, doctors, and executive staff, from 16 wards in a public hospital in China to test our hypotheses. Hierarchical linear regression analysis provided empirical support for our research model. We find that healthcare professionals' career callings during COVID-19 enhanced their perceived work meaningfulness, which results in increased work engagement. Moreover, a social responsibility climate and a safety climate strengthens the link between work meaningfulness and work engagement among participants. Creating a social responsibility climate and a safety climate in the workplace are effective management approaches to realize healthcare workers' feelings of work meaningfulness and turn them into work engagement.

Study of the problems of ageism and assessment of attitudes towards age in the medical environment

BACKGROUND: Ageism pervades all areas of life, including the areas of medical and social care. Gerontological ageism has a significant negative impact on indicators of physical, mental health, functional status and well-being of older people. In the conditions of an aging society, the study of the scale and characteristics of this problem in various spheres of life is very relevant.&#x0D; AIM: To assess the prevalence of stereotypes of attitudes towards older age among primary health care physicians, senior students of a medical university and directly elderly people.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period from 2018 to 2022, 538 people aged 20 to 75 were interviewed in 3 subgroups: 1) senior students of a medical university of medical specialties, 2) young and middle-aged primary health care doctors, 3) elderly people.&#x0D; RESULTS: It was revealed that the opinions about the problems in this age period in the elderly and the beliefs of doctors and medical students often do not coincide.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: When training medical personnel, it is necessary to form the correct attitude to age and skills of communicative competence with different age groups of patients.

From Corporate Social Responsibility to Employee Well-Being: Navigating the Pathway to Sustainable Healthcare.

Despite extensive research on the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on employee outcomes, only limited research has been conducted to investigate the impact of CSR on healthcare employees' burnout (BUO). Additionally, the underlying mechanism by which CSR may reduce BUO has not been fully understood. In order to fill these gaps, we explored the relationship between CSR and BUO, as well as the possible mediating effects of subjective wellbeing (SW) and compassion (CM). Also, employee admiration (AM) was examined as a moderating factor. The study utilized a questionnaire to collect data, which was distributed using the paper-pencil method. A total of 335 healthcare employees, including nurses, doctors, paramedics, and general administration, participated in the study. Specifically, we focused on the healthcare segment of Pakistan. A survey was conducted to assess participants' perceptions of CSR practices, BUO, AM, SW, and CM within their organizations. The questionnaire consisted of several standardized scales validated in previous research. We investigated the relationship between CSR and BUO using the AMOS software. BUO was negatively associated with CSR, suggesting that organizations with strong CSR practices may be able to reduce employee burnout. Moreover, the relationship between CSR and BUO was mediated by both subjective wellbeing (SW) and compassion (CM), revealing how CSR may impact employee burnout. Furthermore, we found that employee admiration (AM) buffered the relationship between CSR and BUO. BUO is a growing concern among healthcare professionals and has the potential to negatively impact the quality of patient care, staff morale, and, ultimately, the success of healthcare organizations. BUO in healthcare settings can be effectively addressed by implementing CSR strategies. Effective CSR strategies should be implemented in a meaningful way to employees and provide them with opportunities to engage in activities that align with their values and interests.

Development of the information quality scale for health information supply chain type 2 diabetes mellitus management using exploratory factor analysis.

Research on the quality scale of the healthcare supply chain is still limited. This study aimed to assess the information quality of the supply chain model with a focus on construct validity. Studies related to information quality measurement generally focus on measuring the dimensions of the completeness of medical records and consumer perspectives. We intended to assess the scale based on doctors needed as care coordinators on type 2 diabetes mellitus or the Non-Insulin-Dependent-Diabetes-Mellitus (NIDDM) program in primary healthcare. Sixty-four primary healthcare doctors with an age range of 24-51 years were involved in this research. The scale obtained was formed from the assessment of the point of view of a panel of experts through the content validity index (CVI). The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) method was used to explore the scale of information quality in the information supply chain model for the NIDDM chronic disease management program. The data analysis results indicated three main factors that affected the quality of the information supply chain model of NIDDM, namely accessibility, safety, and efficiency of information related to NIDDM. The results of the validity and reliability of the data showed that the scale used in this research was valid and reliable with a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.861. The scale developed in this research could be used to explore the quality of the information supply chain of NIDDM management in primary healthcare. Each item on the scale could explain the variables according to their respective groups.

Healthcare resources, organisational support and practice in asthma in six public health clinics in Malaysia

Asthma, a common chronic respiratory illness is mostly managed in primary care. We aimed to determine healthcare resources, organisational support, and doctors’ practice in managing asthma in a Malaysian primary care setting. A total of six public health clinics participated. We found four clinics had dedicated asthma services. There was only one clinic which had a tracing defaulter system. Long-term controller medications were available in all clinics, but not adequately provided. Resources, educational materials, and equipment for asthma management were present, though restricted in number and not placed in main locations of the clinic. To diagnose asthma, most doctors used clinical judgement and peak flow metre measurements with reversibility test. Although spirometry is recommended to diagnose asthma, it was less practiced, being inaccessible and unskilled in using as the main reasons. Most doctors reported providing asthma self-management; asthma action plan, but for only half of the patients that they encountered. In conclusion, there is still room for improvement in the provision of clinic resources and support for asthma care. Utilising peak flow metre measurement and reversibility test suggest practical alternative in low resource for spirometry. Reinforcing education on asthma action plan is vital to ensure optimal asthma care.

Knowledge of cytomegalovirus and available prevention strategies in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in Portugal

Objective Maternal and fetal congenital infection by cytomegalovirus (CMV) during pregnancy is the leading infectious cause of neurologic impairment and hearing loss. Efforts at limiting CMV exposure are based on hygienic measures. This study assessed the relationship between CMV knowledge and pregnant women’s time perspective as per the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) scale. Methods We conducted a prospective descriptive study at a secondary-care Portuguese hospital between October to November 2021. All consecutive pregnant women in antenatal third-trimester appointments were included. The questionnaire included: sociodemographic data, knowledge about CMV, and the ZTPI scale, validated to our population. The number of correct answers in the knowledge section of the questionnaire was tallied to determine the individual knowledge score (KS). We investigated patients subjective perceptions of CMV infection during pregnancy, CMV knowledge, and CMV serologic status of pregnant women. Results We enrolled 96 pregnant women. 81.0% had not previously heard about CMV and only 8.8% had heard about it through their obstetrician. No significant association between awareness of CMV and education level was detected. 16.0% of pregnant women declared that they were aware of the hygienic measures for CMV. The CMV serology was performed in 21.3% of those enrolled in the preconception assessment, and 13.8% proved to be immune. From the time perspective, half of the women displayed a future-oriented attitude. Future-oriented women had significantly higher KS. No significant association was found between KS and education level, age, or previous pregnancy. There was a significant association between KS and women that work in health care. Conclusions Most patients had no knowledge of CMV. Being a medical professional and having a future-oriented outlook increases knowledge about CMV. Primary health care and obstetrics doctors may play a crucial role in informing pregnant women of antenatal appointments. The CMV serology coverage is scarce in this sample. This study constitutes a first step toward raising the awareness of the general population about CMV.

Psychiatryai.com: An exploratory online Artificial Intelligence and Data Science platform to enable near real-time psychiatry and mental health evidence-based medical research and data dissemination

IntroductionPsychiatryai.com is a prototype Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Data Science (DS) platform and research project developed for my Evidence-Based Healthcare (EBHC) course at University of Oxford in MSc studies (Kellogg College). This is a singular, multi-disciplinary, and beta-testing project in Computing Science, Psychiatry, and Mental Health for oral presentation at EPA 2023.ObjectivesAI and DS in Psychiatry and Mental Health have emerged as important research areas in the post Covid-19 pandemic era. This prototype University project (Psychiatryai.com) was launched on 22nd November 2021. It aims to develop a free, secure, and open access platform in near real-time about psychiatry and mental health evidence-based research - for healthcare professionals, doctors, and researchers in psychiatry. The project also aims to integrate findings from the Goldacre Review (2022) into practice and develop novel computing solutions utilising AI and DS, and present findings.MethodsA WordPress site (Psychiatryai.com) was developed with syndicated RSS feeds across 330 psychiatry topics and refreshed by data servers hourly, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. A total of 43 WordPress plugins were utilised to develop this secure platform. The site is powered by intuitive data modelling and analytics in near real-time and available in open access coding format for peer-review, future development, and research. The primary sources of live evidence for the project are PubMed and University of Helsinki, Finland. The server performance data analytics will be available for poster presentation at EPA 2023. This includes full statistical results and discussion since its inception and launch (including traffic, MESH tags, and PubMed ID), and robust technical analysis and performance outcomes - available freely online to promote research in psychiatry and mental health.ResultsKnowledge Synthesis and Dissemination:Total Words: 4356886 *Live Psychiatry and Mental Health Citations from PubMed: Exceeds 325000Total Evidence Alerts Published: 54391 *Total Algorithms/Topics: 330Total site visitors: 8023 ** Since launch of Psychiatryai.com on 22 November 2021 inclusive to 31 October 2022ConclusionsPsychiatryai.com was able to demonstrate succesful development of an effective and viable platform to study AI and DS in Psychiatry and Mental Health, as evidenced by results table. The platform has also incorporated findings from the Goldacre Review (2022) and aims to continue to collect valuable insights towards full real-time data analytics and dissemination of peer-reviewed current evidence in the future. The emergence of these technologies will be useful in settings such as disaster psychiatry, psychiatry e-training and research, and e-mental health awareness/promotion ahead.Disclosure of InterestP. Naik Consultant of: Dr Paras Naik (Psychiatryai.com) Non-profit University Project

Diagnosis of cognitive disorders in primary health care in Poland.

The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and the rules of proceeding concerning primary health care (PHC) doctors in the field of screening diagnostics for cognitive disorders in elderly people in Poland. The study included 175 PHC doctors. A validated anonymous questionnaire was used. The survey was conducted using the PAPI (Paper and Pencil Interviews) and CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interviews) methods. The vast majority of the respondents (n=159; 91.4%) saw the advisability of screening for cognitive disorders in the age group >65 years of age, but only 53 subjects (30.29%) believed that these tests should be conducted by general practitioners (GPs). According to the surveyed doctors, the main obstacle in the diagnostics of cognitive functions is the lack of time - this was the opinion of 142 (81.14%) respondents. When dementia was suspected, the respondents usually ordered laboratory tests and referred patients to a neurologist (n=111; 63.4%). The Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) were the most popular scales assessing cognitive functions, known by 120 doctors (68.57%), and 122 respondents (69.71%), respectively. Polish GPs are aware of the necessity of screening for cognitive disorders in seniors. Currently, there are no mechanisms within primary health care system that would enable proper early screening for dementia in people at the high risk (i.e.> 65 years of age). The development of standards for the early detection of cognitive disorders within primary health care system in Poland seems to be an urgent need.