Health Utility In Patients Research Articles

The Cancer-Specific Health Economic Measure QLU-C10D is Valid and Responsive for Assessing Health Utility in Patients with Thyroid Cancer.

Background: Health economic appraisals often rely on the assessment of health utilities using preference-based measures (PBM). The cancer-specific PBM, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Utility - Core 10 Dimensions (EORTC QLU-C10D), was developed recently, and now needs to be validated in various clinical populations. Methods: In a multicenter, multinational prospective cohort study, we longitudinally collected EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-5L data from patients with thyroid cancer. We applied seven country-specific value sets to the QLQ-C30 data to derive country-specific utility values and used the EQ-5D-5L as a comparator PBM. Criterion validity was assessed by correlating index scores and Bland-Altman plots. Construct validity was investigated by correlating domain scores. Known-group comparisons and responsiveness were assessed using external clinical criteria. Results: A total of 181 patients with thyroid cancer from nine countries (three continents) provided analyzable data. Patients were included if they had differentiated, medullary, or anaplastic thyroid cancer. Mean utility values of both instruments were generally lower compared to general population norms. No floor or ceiling effects were present for the QLU-C10D. The intra-class correlation for EQ-5D-5L and QLU-C10D index values ranged from 0.761 to 0.901 across the measurement timepoints, supporting criterion validity. Spearman's correlation coefficients ranged from 0.289 to 0.716 for theoretically corresponding domain pairs. The QLU-C10D detected differences in 9 of 15 known-group comparisons, supporting sensitivity. Clinically important changes were detected by all QLU-C10D country specific value sets, supporting responsiveness. Further, the QLU-C10D had higher statistical efficiency than the EQ-5D-5L in 74.7% of comparisons. Conclusions: The QLU-C10D is a valid PBM for health economic evaluations in thyroid cancer studies. We recommend its use to estimate health utilities in economic evaluations of thyroid cancer therapies.

Health utilities of patients with epilepsy in a Canadian population.

Health state utilities are required to obtain quality adjusted life years, a common metric that informs clinical decision-making at individual, group, and health policy levels. Health state utilities are different from health-related quality of life, and their distribution across patients with epilepsy, as well as the factors that impact them, have not been studied in depth. We aimed to describe the distribution of health state utilities in people with epilepsy and the impact of different combinations of clinical and demographic factors on health state evaluation. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients' data prospectively collected in the Calgary Comprehensive Epilepsy Program registry. Patient-reported health state utilities were measured using the 5-level EuroQol 5-Dimension scale (EQ-5D-5L) completed at their initial assessment. EQ-5D-5L index scores were derived via the time trade-off approach based on Canadian norms, and their distribution across different health states and patient characteristics was obtained. The Tobit regression model was used to evaluate the determinants of EQ-5D-5L index scores. Of 1446 patients included in this analysis, 724 (50.5%) were female. The median (interquartile range) Canada-normed EQ-5D-5L index score was .87 (.71-.91). Patients with significantly lower health utilities were more likely to be female (p = .008), to be older (p = .034), to be unmarried (p = .013), to have failed to achieve 1-year seizure freedom (p < .001), to have no postsecondary education (p = .028), to be depressed (p < .001), to have antiseizure medication side effects (p = .001), to be unemployed (p < .001), and to be unable to drive (p < .001). A look-up table of health utilities based on combinations of clinical-demographic characteristics was produced. Health utility estimates for combinations of different health states in people with epilepsy attending specialty clinics are now available. These can help guide clinical decision-making in routine clinical practice, economic evaluations of treatment interventions, and health care policies.

Health utility of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis and its influencing factors: a multi-center study in China

To assess the health utility value (HUV) of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients and its influencing factors in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 8 tertiary hospitals across four capital-cities. The demographic characteristics, patient-reported outcomes including the HUV got by EQ-5D-5L, clinical characteristics, and clinician-reported outcomes of 171 RA patients were collected both from themselves and their physicians. Both the univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the potential factors of EQ-5D-5L HUV of the patients. The mean age of the patients was 50.7 years, with female being 64.9% (n = 111). The mean HUV and EQ visual analogue scale score of all patients were 0.586 and 47.3, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that the patients who were female, older, living in rural areas, with lower education level, advanced disease stage, higher the patient's assessment of arthritis pain visual analogue scale (PtAAP-VAS), the patient's global assessment of disease activity visual analogue scale (PtGADA-VAS), and the Physician’s global assessment of disease activity visual analogue scale (PhGADA-VAS) scores had significantly lower EQ-5D-5L HUVs. The multivariate analysis further suggested that older age, female, higher body mass index and higher PtGADA-VAS score were statistically significantly related to lower HUVs. The study provided the HUVs for RA patients with different characteristics and outcomes, which could be used in the economic evaluation of interventions for the RA patients. The identified factors could also assist the health care managing and improving the health-related quality of life on RA patients.

SAT-459 Assessments of health utilities in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH): cross-walk between CLDQ-NASH, SF-6D, and the EuroQol EQ-5D

SAT-459 Assessments of health utilities in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH): cross-walk between CLDQ-NASH, SF-6D, and the EuroQol EQ-5D

Assessment of health-related quality of life and health utility in patients on home parenteral nutrition

Assessment of health-related quality of life and health utility in patients on home parenteral nutrition

Health utilities in adults with hemophilia A: A retrospective cohort study.

Haemophilia A negatively affects a patient's quality of life. There is a limited amount of health utility data (a measure of health-related quality of life) available for patients with haemophilia A. This information is crucial for cost-effectiveness analysis for haemophilia A treatment. The goal of this project is to elicit the health utilities and factors impacting utility values for haemophilia A patients in Canada. This is a population-based, cross-sectional, retrospective study of health utilities in patients with haemophilia A using Patient Report Outcomes Burdens and Experiences (PROBE) components from the Canadian Bleeding Disorders Registry (CBDR). A review of the mean utilities for three severity states, defined by clotting factor VIII level, was completed. A multiple linear regression analysis was completed to examine the determinants of health utilities including age, treatment type, chronic pain status, number of limited joints, and bleed rate. The average utility values (and standard deviations) for patients with haemophilia A in Canada are.79(.17),.76(.20), and.77(.19) for patients with severe, moderate, and mild haemophilia. The regression showed chronic pain status and the number of additional comorbidities as major significant factors (p-value<.001) in haemophilia A utility. Haemophilia severity was shown to be a major factor with smaller p-value (p-value<.05). Haemophilia A patients have lower utility than the general population. Chronic pain was shown to be a significant, major factor in health-related quality of life. Our study is essential for valuing health outcomes in haemophilia A-related cost-effectiveness analysis.

Optimizing chronic healthcare payment scheme: integrating patient effort in service pricing for enhanced self-management performance

PurposeThe study aims to address a critical gap in existing healthcare payment schemes and care service pricing by recognizing the influential role of patients' decisions on self-management efforts. These decisions not only impact health outcomes but also shape the demand for care, subsequently influencing care costs. Despite the significance of this interplay, current payment schemes often overlook these dynamics. The research focuses on investigating the implications of a novel behavior-based payment scheme, designed to align incentives and establish a direct connection between patients' decisions and care costs. The primary objective is to comprehensively understand whether and how this innovative payment scheme structure influences key stakeholders, including patients, care providers, insurers and overall social welfare.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, we propose a game-theoretical model to incorporate the performance of self-management with the demand for healthcare service, compare the patient's effort decision for self-management and provider's price decision for healthcare service under a behavior-based scheme with that under two implemented widely payment schemes, that is, co-payment scheme and co-insurance scheme.FindingsOur findings confirm that the behavior-based scheme incentives patient self-management more than current schemes while reducing their possibility of seeking healthcare service, which indirectly induces the provider to lower the price of the service. The stakeholders' utility under various payment schemes is sensitive to the cost of treatment and the perceived health utility of patients. Especially, patient health awareness is not always benefited provider profit, as it motivates patient self-management while diminishing the demand for care.Originality/valueWe provide a novel framework for characterizing behavior-based payment schemes. Our results confirm the need for modification of the current payment scheme to incentivize patient self-management.

The Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome Classified by Severity and Causes Including the Autoimmune and Non-autoimmune Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study in Thailand

Background: The common causes of Dry eye syndrome (DES) were autoimmune or non-autoimmune disorders. DES is common but lack of data in quality of life (QoL) of DES patients in Thailand. The primary outcome of this study was to determine QoL and health utility in patients of DES by EuroQol 5-domain (EQ-5D) of the 5-level version (5L) instrument. The secondary outcome was comparison of the utility in the patients of DES classified by severity and causes including the autoimmune and non-autoimmune diseases. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study at a hospital in the northern part of Thailand. The inclusions DES patients were followed by Tear Film and Ocular surface Society the Dry Eye WorkShop II definition. The EQ-5D-5L (Thai version) descriptive system and the EQ visual analogue scale (VAS) was instrument for QoL evaluation. Results: Total patients of DES were fifty-six. The most patients were female. The mean age was 57.7(± 13.9) years. Most patients (94.6%) were female. The mean age was 59.7 (± 13.9) years old. The median time from diagnosis of DES was 4.7 years (IQR = 2.2 to 6.8 years). The common cause of DES associated was autoimmune disease. Primary Sjogren syndrome and idiopathic causes were the most common causes in autoimmune diseases and non- autoimmune diseases, respectively. In autoimmune disease, Primary Sjogren syndrome, was 41.18%. The most common causes of non-autoimmune diseases were idiopathic. The mean of EQ-5D-utility and EQ-VAS of DES were 0.76 (± 0.18) and 72.86 (± 15.19), respectively. The mean of EQ-5D-utility and EQ-VAS in these patients who were classified by severity including mild, moderate and severe were 0.84 (± 0.16) and 67.31(± 15.76), 0.78 (± 0.14) and 74.47 (± 15.71), 0.71 (± 0.22) and 74.58 (± 14.36), respectively. The mean of EQ-5D-utility and EQ-VAS in these patients who were classified by autoimmune or non-autoimmune disorders were 0.75 (± 0.21) and 75.78 (± 14.21), 0.78 (± 0.15) and 68.96 (± 15.88), respectively. There is no statistic significant in the EQ-5D-utility and EQ-VAS among severity and the causes including autoimmune or non-autoimmune disorders of these patients. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the importance of assessing QoL in DES. Primary Sjogren syndrome and idiopathic causes were the most common causes in autoimmune diseases and non-autoimmune diseases, respectively. The EQ-5D-utility was accorded with the severity of DES. However, no statistic significant was showed in the mean of EQ-5D-utility and EQ-VAS between the severity and between the causes including the autoimmune and non-autoimmune diseases of these patients.

Baseline symptom, health status, and health utilities in patients in early-phase clinical trials combining immune checkpoint blockade with other anticancer therapies.

12117 Background: The overall goal of our prospective and longitudinal study (NCI R01CA242565) is to examine the use of patient report to evaluate symptomatic adverse events associated with combination treatment including at least one immune checkpoint inhibitor in early-stage clinical trials. We present here the baseline symptom, health status and utilities in patients prior to trial start, and their association with clinical factors. Methods: Patients scheduled to start an early-phase trial of combination treatment with at least one immune checkpoint inhibitor and who had not received clinical trial-related treatment completed the validated MD Anderson Symptom Inventory - Immunotherapy (0-10, higher scores = worse severity) and the validated EuroQoL-5 dimensions questionnaire including a visual analog scale (EQ5D VAS) (0-100, higher scores = better health status) and health utility items (e.g., self-care, mobility). Clinical data were extracted from the EMR. Statistical tests included Spearman’s correlation coefficients. Results: At baseline prior to start of trial-related treatment, 38% of patients (N = 164; median age = 60 y; 52% male; 85% White; 17% ECOG PS 0, 89% ECOG PS 1, 3% ECOG PS 2) experienced at least 1 severe symptom (≥7 on 0-10 scale). The most frequent severe baseline symptoms were pain (21% of patients), fatigue (17%), disturbed sleep (15%), drowsiness (12%), lack of appetite (10%), distress (10%), and pain in the abdomen (10%). Less than 2% of pts experienced severe immunotherapy-specific symptoms of rash, fever/chills and swelling of the hands and feet at baseline. Moderate-severe symptom-related interference (≥4 on 0-10 scale) was worst for activity (40% of patients), work (38%), and enjoyment of life (30%). For the EQ5D health utility dimensions, patients reported the most problems with pain or discomfort (75%) and fewest problems with self-care (10%). Worse composite symptom severity (P = 0.013) and worse problems with activity (P = 0.001) and pain (P = 0.012) were associated with worse and higher ECOG PS. Worse symptom severity (-0.54, P &lt; 0.001), symptom interference with activity- (-0.57, P &lt; 0.001) and mood- (-0.42, P &lt; 0.001) related functioning were associated inversely with superior health status. Worse symptom interference with activity-related functioning was linked with lower concurrent lymphocyte counts (P = 0.01), hemoglobin (P = 0.01) and serum albumin (P = 0.004) levels and higher platelet (P = 0.02) counts. Conclusions: Patients in early-phase trials that combine immunotherapy with other anti-cancer therapies may experience severe symptom burden and symptom interference with functioning, even at baseline prior to treatment start. Thus, it is important to baseline symptoms to fully understand the impact of combination treatments including checkpoint inhibitors in early-stage clinical trials.

Health-related quality of life of Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease: a study based on four EQ-5D-3L value sets

Provide reference data on which EQ-5D-3L value set should be used with Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); assess differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) based on the use of the Chinese (from 2014 and 2018), the UK, and the Japanese value sets; and examine differences in utility scores for key preventive influencing factors. Data from 373 patients with CKD recruited for a cross-sectional multicenter HRQoL survey were used. Differences among utility scores based on the four value sets were determined using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICCs) and Bland–Altman plots were used to evaluate consistency among utility scores and Tobit regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of utility scores. There were significant differences between utility scores based on the four value sets, with the Chinese 2018 value set yielding the highest utility (0.957). ICCs between the value sets for China 2014, the UK, and Japan were all greater than 0.9, whereas the ICCs between the value sets for China 2018 and the other three were all less than 0.7. The influencing factors of utility scores included CKD stages, age, education level, city, and primary renal disease. This was the first study to report findings on the health utility of patients with CKD based on the two Chinese EQ-5D-3L value sets. Overall, the Chinese value sets performed similarly to the other two value sets (UK and Japan) commonly used in the Chinese population; however, value sets for different countries were not interchangeable. In Chinese contexts, the two value sets for China were recommended and the choice of which one should consider whether the value set of choice was established with a sample that is consistent with the targeted population.

Evaluation of health utility in trial-based cost–utility analyses for major cardiovascular disease: protocol for a systematic review

IntroductionThe global incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is high, and the medical costs associated with its management have been increasing. Cost–utility analyses (CUAs) are essential for understanding the value of...

Impact of direct-acting antiviral treatment on health utility in patients with chronic hepatitis C in hospital and community settings.

Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have transformed chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treatment. Continued affordable access to DAAs requires updated cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA). Utility is a preference-based measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) used in CEA. This study evaluated the impact of DAAs on utilities for patients with CHC in two clinical settings. This prospective longitudinal study included patients aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with CHC and scheduled to begin DAA treatment, from two tertiary care hospital clinics and four community clinics in Toronto, Calgary, and Montreal. Patients completed two utility instruments (EQ-5D-5L and Health Utilities Index 2/3 (HUI2/3)) before treatment, 6 weeks after treatment initiation, and 12 weeks and 1 year after treatment completion. We measured utilities for all patients, and for hospital-based and community-based groups. Between 2017 and 2020, 209 patients (126 hospital-based, 83 community-based; average age 53 years; 65% male) were recruited, and 143 completed the 1-year post-treatment assessment. Pre-treatment, utilities were (mean ± standard deviation) 0.77 ± 0.21 (EQ-5D-5L), 0.69 ± 0.24 (HUI2) and 0.58 ± 0.34 (HUI3). The mean changes at 1-year post-treatment were 0.035, 0.038 and 0.071, respectively. While utilities for hospital-based patients steadily improved, utilities for the community-based cohort improved between baseline and 12-weeks post-treatment, but decreased thereafter. This study suggests that utilities improve after DAA treatment in patients with CHC in a variety of settings. However, community-based patients may face challenges related to comorbid health and social conditions that are not meaningfully addressed by treatment. Our study is essential for valuing health outcomes in CHC-related CEA.

Global Mapping of Interventions to Improve Quality of Life of Patients with Cancer: A Protocol for Literature Mining and Meta-Analysis

Cancer led to nearly 10 million deaths in 2020, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). Consequently, both biomedical therapeutics and psychological interventions have been implemented to decrease the burden of this non-communicable disease. However, the research conducted so far has only described some aspects of these interventions, which may increase the health-related quality of life of cancer patients. Therefore, a systematic review is necessary to depict an overall picture of the cancer interventions globally. Then, the impact of these interventions on the preference-based health-related quality of life of cancer patients may be synthesized. The protocol is developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Web of Science database is used to retrieve the literature using four keyword terms: quality of life (QoL), cancer, interventions, and health utility. Then, we draw the global mapping diagram and conduct the meta-analysis for this research. Additionally, longitudinal measurements are used to estimate the changes in the health utility of patients during the interventions. Thus, this systematic review can provide insight into the impact of interventions on increasing the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of cancer patients.

PCR179 Estimating Health Utilities in Patients with Epilepsy Using the SF-6D

Epilepsy is the most common neurological condition affecting individuals of all ages. Short Form (SF) -6D is a preference-based measure of health developed to estimate utility values from the SF-36. This study estimated health utilities using data from a preference-based SF-36 for epilepsy patients in Nigeria.

Current standard values of health utility scores for evaluating cost-effectiveness in liver disease: A meta-analysis.

BACKGROUNDHealth utility assessments have been developed for various conditions, including chronic liver disease. Health utility scores are required for socio-economic evaluations, which can aid the distribution of national budgets. However, the standard health utility assessment scores for specific health conditions are largely unknown. AIMTo summarize the health utility scores, including the EuroQOL 5-dimensions 5-levels (EQ-5D-5L), EuroQol-visual analogue scale, short from-36 (SF-36), RAND-36, and Health Utilities Index (HUI)-Mark2/Mark3 scores, for the normal population and chronic liver disease patients. METHODSA systematic literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE, including the Cochrane Library, was performed. Meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan software. Multiple means and standard deviations were combined using the StatsToDo online web program.RESULTSThe EQ-5D-5L and SF-36 can be used for health utility evaluations during antiviral therapy for hepatitis C. HUI-Mark2/Mark3 indicated that the health utility scores of hepatitis B patients are roughly 30% better than those of hepatitis C patients. CONCLUSIONThe EQ-5D-5L is the most popular questionnaire for health utility assessments. Health assessments that allow free registration would be useful for evaluating health utility in patients with liver disease.

Implementing a Health Utility Assessment Platform to Acquire Health Utilities in a Hemodialysis Outpatient Setting: Feasibility Study.

BackgroundPatients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) wait roughly 4 years for a kidney transplant. A potential way to reduce wait times is using hepatitis C virus (HCV)–viremic kidneys.ObjectiveAs preparation for developing a shared decision-making tool to assist patients with ESKD with the decision to accept an HCV-viremic kidney transplant, our initial goal was to assess the feasibility of using The Gambler II, a health utility assessment tool, in an ambulatory dialysis clinic setting. Our secondary goals were to collect health utilities for patients with ESKD and to explore whether the use of race-matched versus race-mismatched exemplars impacted the knowledge gained during the assessment process.MethodsWe used The Gambler II to elicit utilities for the following ESKD-related health states: hemodialysis, kidney transplant with HCV-unexposed kidney, and transplantation with HCV-viremic kidney. We created race exemplar video clips describing these health states and randomly assigned patients into the race-matched or race-mismatched video arms. We obtained utilities for these 3 health states from each patient, and we evaluated knowledge about ESKD and HCV-associated health conditions with pre- and postintervention knowledge assessments.ResultsA total of 63 patients with hemodialysis from 4 outpatient Dialysis Center Inc sites completed the study. Mean adjusted standard gamble utilities for hemodialysis, transplant with HCV-unexposed kidney, and transplantation with HCV-viremic kidney were 82.5, 89, and 75.5, respectively. General group knowledge assessment scores improved by 10 points (P<.05) following utility assessment process. The use of race-matched exemplars had little effect on the results of the knowledge assessment of patients.ConclusionsUsing The Gambler II to collect utilities for patients with ESKD in an ambulatory dialysis clinic setting proved feasible. In addition, educational information about health states provided as part of the utility assessment process tool improved patients’ knowledge and understanding about ESKD-related health states and implications of organ transplantation with HCV-viremic kidneys. A wide variation in patient health state utilities reinforces the importance of incorporating patients’ preferences into decisions regarding use of HCV-viremic kidneys for transplantation.

HSR22-146: Health Utility in Patients With Previously Untreated Locally Recurrent Inoperable or Metastatic TNBC

HSR22-146: Health Utility in Patients With Previously Untreated Locally Recurrent Inoperable or Metastatic TNBC

A National Catalog of Mapped Short-Form Six-Dimension Utility Scores for Chronic Conditions in the United States From 2010 to 2015

ObjectivesThis study examined health preference utility weights and utility decrements associated with different types of chronic conditions in the United States. MethodsWe used the 2010-2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data for persons aged ≥ 18 years with 12-Item Short-Form Survey Physical and Mental Component Summary scores. 12-Item Short-Form Survey scores were converted to Short-Form Six-Dimension (SF-6D) preference scores to measure utilities of different chronic diseases. We used the Clinical Classification Code to identify 30 chronic diseases from 12 categories, such as cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, cancers, musculoskeletal diseases, endocrine or metabolic diseases, oral diseases, respiratory diseases, and mental disorders. A generalized linear model was used to quantify the utility decrements for 30 chronic diseases, controlling for demographic characteristics. ResultsWe identified 132 737 adults (mean age 47.2 years, 52.2% female, 80% white); 73% had at least one identified chronic disease, and the mean SF-6D was 0.786. Among 30 chronic diseases, the unadjusted mean SF-6D scores of patients with cognitive disorder (0.607) were the lowest, followed by congestive heart failure (0.629), rheumatoid arthritis (0.654), and lung cancer (0.662). After controlling for demographic variables (ie, age, sex) and comorbidities, cognitive disorders (−0.116), mood disorders (−0.099), rheumatoid arthritis (−0.090), liver cancer (−0.078), and stroke (−0.063) showed the highest decrements in the SF-6D scores (P < .05). ConclusionsThis study provides a nationally representative catalog of utility weights for major chronic diseases in the US general population. The utility decrements will enable researchers to calculate the health utilities of patients with multiple comorbid diseases.

POSC342 Mapping Health Utilities for Patients with Cerebral Adrenoleukodystrophy Using Trial-Based Pedsql Scores

There are currently no published health state utility values for patients with the rare disorder cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (CALD). Given preference-based utilities are important when assessing the cost-effectiveness of treatments, we examined the feasibility of mapping patient-reported outcomes (PRO) data from CALD clinical trials onto the EuroQoL EQ-5D, an accepted health utility metric.

Health Utilities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan.

We aimed to measure health utilities in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Taiwan and to estimate the impact of common DM-related complications and adverse effects (AEs) on health utilities. The present study was a cross-sectional survey of DM patients at a metropolitan hospital. Respondents’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed by the EQ-5D-5L, and ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression was used to estimate the impact of self-reported DM-related complications and AEs on health utilities after controlling for age, gender, and duration of DM. A total of 506 eligible adults with type 2 DM (T2DM) were enrolled. The EQ-5D index values in our study sample ranged from −0.13 to 1, with a mean ± standard deviation of 0.88 ± 0.20. As indicated by the negative regression coefficients, the presence of any complication or AE was associated with lower EQ-5D index values, and the greatest impact on the score was made by amputation (−0.276), followed by stroke (−0.211), and blindness (−0.203). In conclusion, the present study elicited health utilities in patients with T2DM in Taiwan using the EQ-5D-5L. These estimated utility decrements provided essential data for future DM cost–utility analyses that are needed as a result of the increasing prevalence and health expenditures of DM.