Health Status Of Population Research Articles

Geographic variation in COVID-19 hospital admissions in France: a population-based study

Abstract The impact of various environmental, socio-economic, and epidemiological factors on COVID-19 transmission and severity is well-known. However, there is little evidence about the respective role of these factors at the population-level at a national scale. The objective was to identify the environmental and contextual factors that influenced the spread and the severity of COVID-19 at the French department level during the first national lockdown. We performed a national, population-based, retrospective analysis. The cumulative rate of patients admitted for COVID-19 to any public or private acute care hospital from March 31st, 2020 to May 25, 2020 was modelled at the ‘departement’ (hereafter county) level. We used spatial regression models to quantify the aggregated effect of population health status, air pollution, meteorological, and socioeconomic factors. 57,356 patients were admitted to an acute care facility for COVID-19 over the period of interest. At the county level, the age and sex-standardized rate of admission ranged from 0.07 to 3.24 admissions per 1,000 people. After adjustment on the pre-lockdown COVID-19 hospital admission rate, the standardized cumulative rate hospital admission for COVID-19 during the period of interest was significantly and positively associated with the prevalence of diabetes, with the prevalence of mental conditions, and with high cumulative exposure to atmospheric ozone values. It was significantly and negatively associated with high cumulative exposure to ultraviolet radiation. These results suggest that several population-based epidemiological and meteorological factors could have played a role in COVID-19 spread in France. They provide potentially useful insights to design and implement geographically differentiated public health policies.

Maternal mental health and child nutritional status in an urban slum in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

Poor mental health may diminish a mother's capacity to adequately care for her child, resulting in a negative impact on the child's nutrition. This study aims to determine the association between maternal mental health and child nutritional status in a poor urban population in Bangladesh. We carried out a cross-sectional study among 264 mother-child pairs in an urban slum area of Bangladesh. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) was used to assess maternal mental health. An SRQ-20 score ≥7 was considered a common mental disorder (CMD). Anthropometric measurements were performed to assess nutritional status of the children. The prevalence of maternal CMD was 46.2%. Maternal CMD was associated with poorer child feeding practice (p<0.001), poorer hygiene practice (p<0.001), poorer preventive care service use (p = 0.016), and suffering from diarrheal diseases (p = 0.049). The prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight in children was 44.3%, 18.2% and 33.7%, respectively. A poorer child feeding practice was associated with wasting (p = 0.004) and underweight (p<0.001) but not with stunting. Poorer hygiene practices and suffering from diarrheal diseases were associated with stunting and underweight, but not with wasting. In multivariable analysis, maternal CMD was associated with child wasting (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.15-4.43). The association between maternal CMD and child underweight found in the bivariate analysis was attenuated and no longer statistically significant after multivariable analysis (aOR = 1.77, 95% CI = 0.94-3.33). No statistically significant association was observed between maternal CMD and stunting in this study (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI = 0.84-2.54). Maternal mental health affects nutritional status of the children where child feeding practice, hygiene practice and preventive care use might play a role. Interventions to address maternal mental health in child nutrition programs might improve child nutritional status.

Association of lipid profile and reported edentulism in the elder population: data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

ObjectivesRelationship between lipid profile and periodontitis has been reported. However, the association between lipid parameters and edentulism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between lipid profile and reported edentulism in the elder population using a national cohort.MethodsA total of 3 100 participants aged 65 or above were enrolled in 2011 from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, which was a national population-based survey. We used adjusted logistics models to investigate the relationship between lipid profile and reported edentulism before and after propensity score matching.ResultsThe mean (SD) age was 71.96 (5.63) years, and 1 581 (51.0%) were men. There were 254 (8.2%) individuals reporting edentulism, and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly higher in the reported edentulism group, compared with the non-edentulism (122.48 vs. 116.91 mg/dl, P = 0.015). In the multivariable model, LDL-C was significantly associated with a higher odds of reported edentulism (adjusted OR [95% CI], 1.004 [1.001–1.008]). In the matched population, LDL-C, non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, remnant cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglycerides were positively associated with reported edentulism, while HDL-C was negatively associated.ConclusionsLipid profiles are probably associated with edentulism, indicating the interaction between oral health and metabolic status in the elder population.

COVID-19 lockdown – Health and nutritional status of the general public in Lucknow

When the Indian Government announced a nationwide lockdown on March 24, 2020, the lives of Indian people were changed immediately as people started shifting to a different way of living. Therefore, to assess the impact and effect of the nationwide lockdown on the health status and lifestyle habits of the general population, this study was conducted on a sample size of 70 people based in Lucknow. The participants were administered a questionnaire with questions on their diet, lifestyle habits and health. Data was then analysed using Microsoft Excel. The results showed significant changes in the daily routine and habits of people during the lockdown. Lifestyle changes such as increase in snacking, smoking and consuming alcohol could lead to future problems such as increase in the development of non-communicable diseases.

The effects of curcumin-containing supplements on inflammatory biomarkers in hemodialysis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In the past decade, the effect of curcumin or turmeric supplementation on many aspects of health status in different populations has been evaluated. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the effect of curcumin administration on inflammatory markers in hemodialysis (HD) patients. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science databases from 1997 until June2022 for terms related to curcumin/turmeric and hemodialysis (HD). Randomized, double-blind/single-blind studies examining the effects of curcumin/turmeric on the inflammation of HD participants older than 18 years were considered eligible for inclusion. Data were pooled using the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CI as the summary statistic, considering a random-effects analysis model. The data that were pooled from nine studies with 472 patients indicated that curcumin-containing supplement had significant effect on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (WMD=-3.3mg/L; 95% CI: -5.4 to -1.3; p< 0.001, I2 = 76.7%, 8 studies, 467 participants), and interlukine-6 (IL-6) levels (SMD: -0.4; 95% CI: -0.8 to -0.07; p= 0.02, I2 = 31.6%, 3 studies, 153 participants) compared control group. Although curcumin intervention could not change tumor neurosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentration (SMD=-0.3; 95% CI: -0.7 to 0.04; p= 0.08, I2 = 25.3%, 3 studies, 153 participants), when compared with the placebo group. Our study's main limitations were small number of studies, overall high risk of bias in the included trials, and high heterogeneity in some results. The present meta-analysis suggested that intervention with curcumin-containing supplements was associated with a significant reduction in serum hs-CRP and IL-6 concentrations in HD patients. The curcumin intervention in the reduction of hs-CRP levels was greater than the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for CRP (0.5mg/L), which can be helpful in physicians' clinical decisions.

Quality assessment of nutrition information published weekly in the surrounding of four hospitals in Lima, Peru

There is a growing demand from the general public regarding nutrition topics that has prompted social media such as magazines, newspapers, television, radio and the internet to include more nutritional content. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of nutrition information published by health weeklies in the surroundings of four hospitals in Lima, Peru. A cross- sectional study was conducted using a mixed methodological design involving both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Thirty-seven hard copies of 4 health weeklies were purchased over the 10- week study period. Bivariate Logistic Regression was performed to examine all available journal characteristics associated with the quality of provided information. Logistic Regression Models were estimated for the independent variables that showed statistical significance in the bivariate analysis. Weekly publications with the highest percentage of pages dedicated to nutrition were “My Health” (41.67%), “Natural Health” (48.6%) and those with the lowest percentage were “Sun, medicine and beauty” (19.37%) and “Health, Money and Love” (18.34%). Collected publications included 185 articles that were classified into two groups regarding the validity of the nutrition information presented: supported 50.3% (93/185) and unsupported 49.7% (92/185). Statistical analysis for quality estimated that the “name of weekly” had a p value=0.000, the “topic” had a p value=0.035, and the “objective, source description, quarter of publications” had a p value &gt;0.05. Multivariate logistic regression reports that only the variable “name of the weekly” had statistical significance with p values less than 0.05. The percentage of nutrition information suggests that editors may not be applying journalistic principles and shows the importance of interdisciplinary work, between nutritionists and health journalists, to improve health status of the general population. In the case of weekly health publications, editors responsible for this type of written press could benefit from including nutritionists in charge of providing nutritional information. Key words: health, journalists, nutrition, nutritional content, quality of information, weeklies

Secular trends and determinants of influenza vaccination uptake among patients with cardiovascular disease in Korea: Analysis using a nationwide database.

BackgroundInfluenza vaccination reduces cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Identifying the factors that affect influenza vaccination uptake can help improve the prognosis in patients with CVD. This study aimed to evaluate the secular trends of influenza vaccination uptake and factors associated with lack of vaccination in individuals with CVD.Materials and methodsWe analyzed the annual trends and factors associated with influenza vaccination among 3,264 patients with CVD, included from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey which reflect the health and nutritional status of the nationwide population of Korea conducted between 2007/2008 and 2018/2019. We used a stratified, multistage sampling method.ResultsThe influenza vaccination rate was greater in patients with CVD (53–74%) than in those without CVD (28–40%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age <50 years [odds ratio (OR), 16.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 7.72–34.07], 50–64 years (OR, 6.71; 95% CI, 4.37–10.28), male sex (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.14–1.65), and asthma (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.22–0.92) were independently associated with a lack of influenza vaccination. Among patients aged <65 years, smoking (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.31–4.04), college graduation status (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.16–2.82), and hypertension (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51–0.95) were independently associated with influenza vaccination. For individuals aged 65years, there was no significant determinant of lack of vaccination.ConclusionIn patients with CVD, a continuous increase in the secular trend of influenza vaccination was demonstrated in Korea. Young age, male sex, and non-asthma status were independently associated with lack of influenza vaccination uptake.

Components of Herbal Plants That Inhibit HIV in Public Health Welfare Efforts: Literature Review

The highest number of HIV/AIDS sufferers is of childbearing age. Stigma, discrimination, and lack of knowledge about HIV and AIDS are the biggest problems in Indonesia in an effort to reduce the prevalence of PLWHA. Most people still do not know about the causes and modes of transmission of HIV/AIDS. Predisposition is a factor that causes a mother or baby with HIV/AIDS to have a great chance of contributing to maternal and infant mortality, which greatly determines the health status of a country's population. The number of people living with HIV is increasing in 50 countries, including Indonesia, with more than 1.8 million people newly infected with this deadly virus in 2017. Around 180,000 children (0-14 years) are infected with the HIV virus and 110,000 children die from related diseases with AIDS. The purpose of this study is to provide services that can improve health, especially for mothers and children infected with the HIV virus and improve the welfare of the community from HIV/Aids disease by being able to accept their condition, be sincere, and be able to maintain relationships with the community. By using the literature review method collected through national and international journals and research articles. The result of this literature review is to obtain the latest innovations in HIV/AIDS prevention by giving herbal medicines that can play an active role in suppressing the levels of the HIV virus in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in pregnant women and their babies, through the health services provided by medical personnel and government infrastructure, is expected to reduce the rate of HIV transmission to the mother and fetus.

Health Status of Old Age Population in Bulgaria

Abstract This article examines the health status of the population in Bulgaria at age 65 by gender during the period 2006-2014. The health status is examined by some of the most frequently used demographic indicators, namely life expectancy, based on mortality data and healthy life years and healthy life expectancy, based on mortality, life expectancy and self-perceived health. The main results show that despite of the observed increase in life expectancy at age 65 in Bulgaria during the period it is the lowest compared to other European countries. The share for both men and women reported their health status as without limitations in respect to daily activities decline, while those reported their health status as good increase. These contradictory facts reflect on the measures of health status. Thus, the trend in healthy life years for both sexes decline over the period, whereas the trend in healthy life expectancy increases. Compared with the other European countries, the expected number of years without limitations in Bulgaria is among the largest, while the healthy life expectancy is the lowest. These differences could be explained by the different levels in mortality and the nature of the measures of health status themselves.

Circulating miR-181a as a novel potential plasma biomarker for multimorbidity burden in the older population

BackgroundChronic low-level inflammation is thought to play a role in many age-related diseases and to contribute to multimorbidity and to the disability related to this condition. In this framework, inflamma-miRs, an important subset of miRNA able to regulate inflammation molecules, appear to be key players. This study aimed to evaluate plasma levels of the inflamma-miR-181a in relation to age, parameters of health status (clinical, physical, and cognitive) and indices of multimorbidity in a cohort of 244 subjects aged 65- 97.MethodsMiR-181a was isolated from plasma according to standardized procedures and its expression levels measured by qPCR. Correlation tests and multivariate regression analyses were applied on gender-stratified groups.ResultsMiR-181a levels resulted increased in old men, and significantly correlated with worsened blood parameters of inflammation (such as low levels of albumin and bilirubin and high lymphocyte content), particularly in females. Furthermore, we found miR-181a positively correlated with the overall multimorbidity burden, measured by CIRS Comorbidity Score, in both genders.ConclusionsThese data support a role of miR-181a in age-related chronic inflammation and in the development of multimorbidity in older adults and indicate that the routes by which this miRNA influence health status are likely to be gender specific. Based on our results, we suggest that miR-181a is a promising biomarker of health status of the older population.

A Comparison of the Mediterranean Diet and Current Food Patterns in Italy: A Life Cycle Thinking Approach for a Sustainable Consumption.

The transition toward more sustainable food systems, which already represents a central element of the European Farm to Fork and Green Deal strategies, could be an effective measure to contribute to global decarbonization and greenhouse gas (GHGs) reduction goals; concurrently, it could improve the health status and nutrition of the global population. In this context, the Mediterranean diet (MD) could play a considerable role, as it is generally recognized as a more balanced, healthy, and sustainable eating pattern than Western consumption patterns, which are characterized by excess food and high energy content, thus causing undesirable effects on both human health and the environment. Although traditionally linked to MD, Italy sees relatively moderate adherence by its citizens, as they consume about +75% of the daily caloric intake recommended by MD. Therefore, this study aims to quantitatively assess the potential environmental, economic, and health impacts of this lower adherence to MD by Italians. Current Italian Food Patterns (CIFP) in 2019 were analyzed and compared to the MD recommended amounts through a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach (LCA) and carbon footprint (CF) analysis. The results show that CIFP, compared to MD, has +133% greater impacts on the environmental macro-area, +100% greater impacts on the human health macro-area, and +59% greater impacts on the economic macro-area (with annual fossil and mineral resource savings of $53.35 per person, $3.2 billion per year). The analysis also shows that CIFP has a CF of 6.54 × 101 kg CO2 eq, +142% over MD (2.7 × 101 kg CO2 eq), resulting in a lower environmental impact of the Mediterranean diet.

Análisis de la salud de la población sin hogar de un distrito desfavorecido de Barcelona. Estudio ESSELLA

ObjectiveTo assess the health status of the homeless population. DesignCross-sectional descriptive study. SettingRaval Sud Primary Care Health Center (Barcelona). ParticipantsHomeless legal age people who have slept rough at some point in their lives. Main measurementsSociodemographic data and time in a situation of homelessness. Chronic pathologies, transmissible infectious diseases, mental illnesses and substance use disorders. HAD questionnaire on anxiety and depression. CVRS EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Descriptive statistics. ResultsThe information of 146 patients with a mean age of 51.6 years (SD=12.8), 87% male and a mean of 12 years (SD=11.9) in a situation of homelessness was analyzed. The burden of disease was compared between the CAS profile (Drug addiction center – Baluard) and the socio-sanitary profile (Arrels Foundation). CAS users presented higher percentages of substance use disorders, mental illnesses and transmissible infectious diseases. People with a socio-health profile presented a higher percentage of chronic diseases (respiratory, cardiovascular and oncological) and more than half presented an alcohol use disorder and a higher percentage of disease associated with its consumption. ConclusionsThe homeless population presents a high burden of disease, especially for mental illness, addictions and transmissible infectious diseases. We believe that studies are necessary to evaluate the disease excess compared to the general population with its derived costs and to design new strategies to address this burden of disease and its specificity.

Uncovering the Fecal Bacterial Communities of Sympatric Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) and Wapiti (Cervus canadensis).

Simple SummaryThere are many microbial communities in the digestive tracts of animals, and the complex gut microbiome constitutes an intricate ecosystem and intestinal microbial community which has co-adapted with its host. The intestinal microecology plays an important role in the host’s maintenance of normal physical activities, such as substance metabolism, energy transmission, signal transduction, and the immune system. This study used high-throughput sequencing technology to sequence the fecal microbiota of sika deer (Cervus nippon) and wapiti (Cervus canadensis) in order to explore the composition of, and the similarity between, the fecal microbiota structures of sika deer and wapiti in the similar living environment. The species composition, relative abundance of fecal microbiota, alpha diversity, and differences in beta diversity were analyzed. The maintenance of the composition of the gut microbiota and a balanced intestinal environment through the diet plays a key role in maintaining the host’s health. The results demonstrate that the fecal microbiota of sika deer and wapiti share a similar fecal microbiota structure, but there was some evidence showing that the gut microbiota of these two animals exhibit a clear divergence at the species level.Microbial symbiotic associations may be beneficial, neutral, or harmful to the host. Symbionts exploit the host space and nutrition or use hosts as carriers to spread to other environments. In order to investigate the fecal bacterial communities of wild sika deer (Cervus nippon) and wapiti (Cervus canadensis), this study aimed to sequence and explore the composition of, and similarity between, the fecal microbiota of sika deer and wapiti using high-throughput sequencing. The composition and relative abundance of fecal microbiota, alpha diversity, and differences in beta diversity between the two species were analyzed. We found that no pathogenic bacteria were present in large quantities in the hosts. The dominant bacterial phyla found in the two deer species were similar and included Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetes. Moreover, the deer also shared similar dominant genera, including the Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Bacteroides. These results demonstrate that the sika deer and wapiti share a similar fecal microbiotal structure, probably due to their common diet and living environment, but there was some evidence of a difference at the species level. These analyses provide new insights into the health status of deer populations outside protected environments and offer a scientific framework for monitoring the health conditions of sika deer and wapiti.

Monitoring the environmental health status in the Swedish population 1999-2019

BACKGROUND AND AIM Since 1999, self-reported environmental health status and exposure has been monitored by questionnaires to the Swedish population in order to to follow up and act on emerging environmental health risks. This data, which is compiled in comprehensive environmental health reports, is unique and cannot be retrieved from any national register. The survey is administered by the Public Health Agency of Sweden, in close collaboration with the regions. METHODS Large random samples of the Swedish population (alternating between adults and children) have every 4th year since 1999 received a questionnaire about environmentally related diseases, exposures, annoyance and symptoms. The data has been completed with registry data, e.g. type of housing, educational level, income and country of birth. The last questionnaire (2019) was administered to caretakers of children, thereby completing two time series for adults and children, respectively, over a 20-year period. A focus on environmental health equity has been included in the data analysis of the results in recent years. RESULTS The number of administered questionnaires has increased from 15,750 in 1999 to 114,500 in 2019. However, the response rate has declined from 72% to 42% where it has stabilized, but due to the large sample sizes, the results are representative of the target populations. Among the noticeable trends are increasing annoyance from traffic noise and pollen allergies. A positive trend is a rapid decrease in indoor exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. New fields are also emerging, like urbanization, green space and climate change. In the last survey, inequity in exposures was especially elucidated. CONCLUSIONS Environmental health surveys are important as a complementary tool to other forms of monitoring environmental health and can be used for decision making at national and regional levels. Inequities can be identified and hence appropriate measures taken. KEYWORDS Survey, environmental exposure, equity

Tuberculosis Disability Adjusted Life Years, Colombia 2010-2018.

Estimating the burden of tuberculosis disease is relevant for assessing and identifying population health status and progress in policies and programs aimed at epidemic control. The objective of this study was to estimate disability-adjusted life years attributable to Tuberculosis in Colombia 2010–2018. A longitudinal descriptive study was conducted. The variables, sex, age groups and origin were studied. This study included 110,475 cases of morbidity and 8514 cases of mortality. Indicators of years of life lost, years of life with disability and disability-adjusted life years at the subnational level were determined using the methodology of the World Health Organization. With the results of this last indicator, an epidemiological risk stratification was carried out. The DALY rate of the study period was 684 (95% CI 581.2–809.1) per 100,000 inhabitants. According to sex, 68.4% occurred in men; for every DALY in women, 2.21 occur in men. People of productive age (15 to 69 years) account for 56% of DALYs. Amazonas (1857.1 CI 95% 1177.1–2389.6) was the territorial entity with the highest rate. A total of 51.5% of the territorial entities of departmental order of the country are of high burden for Tuberculosis. For the first time in Colombia, a comprehensive assessment of the status of the disease burden at a subnational (departmental) territorial level attributable to Tuberculosis is being carried out using the updated World Health Organization methodology. The results obtained allow us to specify that there is a knowledge gap in terms of the realization and clear understanding of the burden of the disease in Colombia. There are territorial gaps that are necessary to know in order to plan, develop, implement and redirect policies to improve health and eliminate disparities according to the territorial context.

Impact of public health education on the health status of the older migrant population.

BackgroundDue to an increasing aging population, China has experienced a rapid expansion in its internal older migrant population who face greater health risks and who have a relatively high demand for health education. Public health education is an important means of preventing diseases and promoting health. However, many studies have focused on the utilization, with few studies examining the impact of public health education on the health of the older migrant population in China.ObjectivesThis study analyzed the impact of public health education on the health of the older migrant population in China.MethodsBased on data obtained from the National Migrant Population Health and Family Planning Dynamic Monitor Survey (2018), logistic models and propensity score matching were used to analyze the impact of public health education on the health of the older migrant population.ResultsThe self-assessed health of China's older migrant population was good, and the acceptance rate of public health education was 40.81%. The public health status of the older migrant population receiving public health education significantly improved (p < 0.05). After correcting for endogeneity among the variables, public health education increased the probability of improving the older migrant population's self-assessed health by 5.4–6.1% (p < 0.01). Heterogeneity analysis found that public health education had a greater impact on the health of older men with an education level of middle school and below, and especially on the older migrant population in the eastern region of China.ConclusionsPublic health education positively affected the health status of the older migrant population. The characteristics and preferences of the older migrant population involving different genders, regions, and educational levels need to be considered, public health education needs to be standardized, and appropriate education methods need to be adopted that suit the older migrant population. Reference suggestions are provided for improving the health level of the older migrant population.

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment: Application and correlations in a real-life cross-sectional study.

BackgroundThe assessment process of elderly people considers all aspects of an individual’s life, including physical, mental, and social aspects. Frailty refers to a decline in physiological functions or strengths leading to increased vulnerability to stressors and decreased ability to cope with them. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is a validated and useful tool in this context to holistically study elderly people. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impaired health status in a large geriatric population turning to outpatient service, based on the components of the CGA, and thus to describe its usefulness in real-life clinical practice. The secondary aim of this study was the evaluation of the association between nutritional status, assessed with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)—within the CGA—and cognitive-affective and functional capacities, and multimorbidity.Materials and methodsThis real-life, retrospective cross-sectional study included subjects consecutively evaluated from January 2009 to December 2020 at the Geriatric Outpatient Service, University Hospital of Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy. A sum of 3,260 patients were subjected to CGA.ResultsOnly a small proportion of the sample (2.24%) showed an absence of impairment in cognitive-affective, functional, and nutritional domains. Moderate correlations were found between MNA and several other CGA variables, namely, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS; ϱ = −0.41, p < 0.0001), Barthel Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (ϱ = 0.51, p < 0.0001), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) (ϱ = 0.43, p < 0.0001), and Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (ϱ = 0.44, p < 0.0001). A multiple regression also highlighted these variables as significant regressors of MNA. Finally, malnutrition showed a significant association with depression (odds ratio [OR]: 4.97), dependence on ADL (OR: 19.8) and IADL (OR: 7.04), and falling risk (OR: 5.16).ConclusionThis study has figured out the complex situation in which geriatric care finds itself the complexity and severe impairment of elderly people. The possibilities of intervention are often limited, but the literature confirms the benefits of good nutritional status on the general health status. The data that emerged from our study fit into this assumption, highlighting the close association between the nutritional domain and the other CGA domains.

Hygienic evaluation of long-term dynamics of post treated drinking water daily consumption indicators by adolescent population in Vladivostok

BACKGROUND: Domestic water filter systems have been actively used for tap water treatment by many countries of the world in recent years. It is already known that, according to their technical design, such domestic filters simultaneously remove harmful chemicals and biogenic chemical elements that are useful for the human body (such as Ca and Mg) from water. The use of individual post-treatment water systems can have an adverse effect on human health, especially in deficient biogeochemical provinces.&#x0D; AIM: Hygienic assessment of the long-term dynamics of the daily consumption of post treated drinking tap water in Vladivostok on an adolescent population.&#x0D; MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective research was conducted across 4 separate follow-up periods: February of 2012, 2015, 2017, and 2021. A total of 667 adolescents from Vladivostok of age 1417 years were examined by interviewing using a specially designed questionnaire. The volume of daily consumption and the frequency of consumption per week of 3 types of water (tap drinking water, treated drinking water on individual filters, bottled drinking and mineral water) were recorded. The number of adolescents who did not consume tap drinking water that was post-treated on household devices was considered separately. Statistical processing of the received materials was performed using the "Data Analysis" package in Microsoft Excel 2019.&#x0D; RESULTS: The share of post-treated drinking water in the structure of daily drinking water consumption of Vladivostok adolescent population was 7.615.8% over the years of observation. Meanwhile, the consumption of post-treated water increased by 4 times among boys and almost by 2.5 times among girls (p 0.001), and the rate of occurrence (per 100 persons) of boys and girls who did not consume post-treated tap water decreased by almost two times (p 0.001).&#x0D; CONCLUSION: A pronounced long-term increase in the use of household filters for the post-treatment of physiologically inferior, low-mineralized tap drinking water should be recognized as a population risk factor for a possible deterioration of the health status of an adolescent population under the current conditions of the city of Vladivostok, which is located in the zone of a deficient biogeochemical province.

Population dynamics of free-roaming dogs in two European regions and implications for population control.

Changes in free-roaming dog population size are important indicators of the effectiveness of dog population management. Assessing the effectiveness of different management methods also requires estimating the processes that change population size, such as the rates of recruitment into and removal from a population. This is one of the first studies to quantify the size, rates of recruitment and removal, and health and welfare status of free-roaming dog populations in Europe. We determined the size, dynamics, and health status of free-roaming dog populations in Pescara, Italy, and Lviv, Ukraine, over a 15-month study period. Both study populations had ongoing dog population management through catch-neuter-release and sheltering programmes. Average monthly apparent survival probability was 0.93 (95% CI 0.81-1.00) in Pescara and 0.93 (95% CI 0.84-0.99) in Lviv. An average of 7 dogs km-2 were observed in Pescara and 40 dogs km-2 in Lviv. Per capita entry probabilities varied between 0.09 and 0.20 in Pescara, and 0.12 and 0.42 in Lviv. In Lviv, detection probability was lower on weekdays (odds ratio: 0.74, 95% CI 0.53-0.96) and higher on market days (odds ratio: 2.58, 95% CI 1.28-4.14), and apparent survival probability was lower in males (odds ratio: 0.25, 95% CI 0.03-0.59). Few juveniles were observed in the study populations, indicating that recruitment may be occurring by movement between dog subpopulations (e.g. from local owned or neighbouring free-roaming dog populations), with important consequences for population control. This study provides important data for planning effective dog population management and for informing population and infectious disease modelling.

Trends of the health and demographic indicators in the arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over 20 year (2000–2020)

BACKGROUND: The implementation of the major federal projects in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation claims particular attention to the indicators of the quality of life and the state of population health in these regions. Health and demographic indicators can be one of the available tools for public health monitoring.&#x0D; AIM: To analyze the main trends of the health and demographic processes in the arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over 20 year (20002020).&#x0D; MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), YARMIATS for 20002020 were analyzed. An approximate 95% confidence interval was calculated over 20 years (20002019), the average population growth rate was estimated by a chain method for time series (data for 2020 year are presented separately due to the deformation of the pattern of demographic indicators due to the epidemic SARS-CoV-2). A linear regression analysis of IBM SPSS Statistics 26 was performed to assess the birth and mortality rate trends.&#x0D; RESULTS: From 20002020, the population of the Arctic region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) decreased by 22% due to migration and high mortality rates. Deaths by external causes occupy approximately 20% of the structure of the all-cause mortality rate. Dynamically, the decrease in the number of infant mortalities was noticed due to the effective routing of pregnant women and improvement of the maternity service in the region.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: The analysis of the medical and demographic indicators showed positive and negative trends in the Arctic regions public health of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The system of the healthcare organization in the regions is to be improved. Also, these regions, which possess all the features of the healthcare systems with low-density population territories, can become a model for the regional and federal projects approbated in the field of Arctic medicine.