Infant Health Services Research Articles

Providing Continuity in Infant Mental Health Services for Medically Fragile Infants and Their Families

Having a baby who is prenatally or postnatally diagnosed with a medical condition places considerable stress on the parents, infants, and their developing relationship. Infant mental health (IMH) services offer an opportunity to address the challenges and support the parent-infant relationship. The present study outlined a continuum of care IMH program embedded within various medical settings of a large metropolitan children’s hospital. Applications of IMH principles within the fetal care center, neonatal intensive care unit, high risk infant follow-up clinic, and the patient’s home are described. Descriptive data about families served across settings and a case study are provided in order to illustrate the implementation of this unique IMH intervention model.

A study on utilization of maternal and infant health services in rural area of district Kanpur Nagar

Background: There is a pressing need to identify and address the grass root determinants of maternal health care utilization to steer the health services toward achieving the ambitious SDG target of reducing the global MMR to <70 per 100 000 births by 2030. Objective of current study was to assess the utilization of health services provided to mothers and infants. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted by the department of community medicine GSVM Medical College Kanpur using multistage random sampling technique including women having children less than 1 years of age and Infant (less than one year) born to these eligible women in rural blocks of district Kanpur Nagar for evaluation mother and infant care services from February 2021 to September 2022. Results: 94.17% participants had at least one antenatal visit, 85.06% of delivery were take place at CHC, 83.80% post natal care provided by doctor, 30.76% infant were treated properly for Acute respiratory symptom 21.31% infant received ORT and Zinc for treatment of diarrhea. Similar results were found as per NFHS-5 in rural Uttar Pradesh in previous published research work. Conclusions: Utilization of health care services require more improvement for infant disease treatment.

The matrix revolutions: How databases and database linkages will transform epidemiologic research.

The matrix revolutions: How databases and database linkages will transform epidemiologic research.

AKSI KOMPETENSI BERSAMA DI PANTI ASUHAN YAYASAN PEMELIHARAAN ANAK DAN BAYI PERMATA HATI SURAKARTA

Orphanages are places of care for children and babies who are handed over due to parents who are experiencing economic difficulties or even without parents. The Permata Hati Child and Infant Care Foundation (YPAB) is one of the orphanages that care for children and babies who need protection and education in the city of Surakarta. During the Covid-19 pandemic, health services for children and infants at YPAB Permata Hati rarely received visits and checks. The purpose of this community service is to help provide health services for children and infants at YPAB Permata Hati Surakarta City in monitoring growth and development as well as nutritional status. The implementation method used is in the form of examining children's growth and development and nutritional status, counseling on Clean and Healthy Behavior, as well as counseling on how to brush their teeth properly. The results of examinations on the nutritional status and development of children and infants at YPAB Permata Hati, Surakarta, found that 30% were underweight and 1 person was suspected of developing Denver II (head circumference including micro). Counseling on Clean and Healthy Behavior and how to brush your teeth was enthusiastically followed by YPAB Permata Hati Surakarta children

An exploration of parenting styles, cultural values, and infant development in a sample of Latin American immigrants in Canada.

The objectiveofthecurrent research wastoinvestigate the relationship between parenting style, culture, and infant development in a sample of Latin American mother-infant dyads in Toronto, Canada. We examined associations between mothers' self-reported parenting style and infantcognitive and socioemotional development, which we compared to results from mothers belonging to two other Canadian immigrant populations. We further examined whether specific cultural correlates, includingaffiliationwithtraditional Latinx cultural beliefs familism and fatalism and acculturation, were associated with positive parenting behaviors in the Latin American sample. Across all three cultural groups, authoritative parenting predictedadaptivesocio-emotionaldevelopment , an effect which differed in magnitude across groups, providing support for the hypothesis that the effect of parenting behaviors on infant development are moderated by culture. Within the Latin American sample, affiliation with the value of familism was associated with higher scores of authoritative parenting, butfamilism decreased as acculturation to the host culture increased. This research adds to our understanding of factors that contribute to the well-being of Latin American familiesinCanada. Findings carry implications for provision of infant mental health services to Latin American immigrant families by identifying cultural variables which should be considered when providing parenting interventions to make such interventions more culturally relevant.

Relationship Between Compliance With Health Protocols Against ANC Visits In Pregnant Women In The Pandemic Period Of Covid-19

Background: The Covid 19 pandemic situation has hurt many sectors, including in the health sector, especially in maternal and infant health services. On the other hand, during Antenatal Care, pregnant women are afraid to come to health facilities because they are so scared of contracting them not to have their pregnancy checked. It can endanger the pregnancy of the mother or the fetus during pregnancy because it cannot detect the dangerous signs of pregnancy early.Objectives: The study aims to analyze the relationship between the protocols for implementing health protocols on ANC visits to pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic in the PMB area of Mojokerto Regency in 2020.Research Methods: This research method is to use an analytical design using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used accident sampling, a total of 60 pregnant women.Results: The results of the study using Chi-Square analysis showed that there was no relationship between educational variables and ANC visits (ρ-value = 0.087> 0.05); there was a relationship between work variables and ANC visits (ρ-value = 0.001 <0.05), and there was no relationship. The adherence variable applied the Health Protocol with ANC visits (ρ-value = 0.457> 0.05).Conclusion: This study concludes that there is no relationship between compliance with implementing the Health Protocol with ANC visits to pregnant women during the Covid 19 period.

The Invisible Struggles: A Qualitative Study in Understanding Mothers’ Perceptions and Experiences in Nurturing Small for Gestational Age Infants

Introduction: Small for gestational age (SGA) infants have been linked to poor growth trends and nutritional status. SGA infants that do not reach their full growth potential must be supervised by a multidisciplinary medical team. Parents devote more time, energy, and money for raising of the SGA infants. The objective of this present study is to explore the perceptions and the experiences of the mother in nurturing the small for gestational age infants in their first year of life. Method: A qualitative exploratory descriptive study via in-depth interview was conducted in the primary health clinics in urban areas in Malaysia to explore the mothers’ perceptions and experiences in SGA infant’s care. 13 SGA infant’s mothers participated in the study after the children achieved the age of one year old. Thematic analysis was conducted using software ATLAS.ti version 8. Results: The average mothers’ age in this study were 33 years old, majority was Malay ethnicity. Only one mother was a housewife and others were working mother. Four out of 13 SGA infants were born prematurely. This study found that homogenous experiences throughout the pregnancy and baby nurturing phase, perceptions on husband involvement and external supports in infant care, infant health status and health services provided, were highlighted as important contributor to infant survival. Conclusion: The importance of monitoring SGA infant growth and nutritional status have been highlighted. Maternal psychological support needs to be enhanced to ease the burden in SGA infant care. Targeted program intervention for family and community social support during postnatal and empowering mothers in nurturing their infants are crucial.

Devolved health system capacity in the provision of care for sick newborns and young infants in four counties serving vulnerable populations in Kenya.

Possible severe bacterial infections (PSBI) is one of the three leading causes of newborn and young infant mortality globally that can be prevented by timely diagnosis and treatment using suitable antibiotics. High impact interventions such as use of out-patient injectable gentamicin and dispersible Amoxicillin with community-based follow up have been shown to reduce mortality in clinical trials. The objective of this study was to assess the health systems' preparedness and organizational gaps that may impact execution in providing care for newborns and sick young infants. This formative research study was embedded within a three-year implementation research project in 4 Counties in Kenya. The indicators were based on facility audits for existing capacity to care for newborns and young infants as well as County organizational capacity assessment. The organizational capacity assessment domains were derived from the World Health Organization's Health Systems Building blocks for health service delivery. The scores were computed by adding average scores in each domain and calculated against the total possible scores to generate a percentage outcome. Statistical analyses were descriptive with adjustment for clustering of data. Overall, the Counties have inadequate organizational capacity for management of sick young infants with Organizational Capacity Index scores of between 61-64%. Among the domains, the highest score was in Health Management Information System and service delivery. The lowest scores were in monitoring and evaluation (M&E). Counties scored relatively low scores in human resources for health and health products and commodities with one scoring poorly for both areas while the rest scored average performance. The four counties revealed varying levels of organizational capacity deficit to effectively manage sick young infants. The key underlying issues for the below par performance include poor coordination, low funding, inadequate supportive supervision, and M&E to enable data utilisation for quality improvement. It was evident that newborn and young infant health services suffer from inadequate infrastructure, equipment, staffing, and coordination. As Kenya, continuously rolls out the guidelines on management of sick young infants, there is need to focus attention to these challenges to enhance sustainable adoption and reduction of young infant morbidity and mortality.

The Number of Stunting Cases Based on Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in the North Buton Regency

Household food shortage has detrimental effects on the children. The objective of this study was to describe the number of stunting cases based on chronic energy deficiency (KEK) in the North Buton Regency. This is a survey research utilizing the health report data of the North Buton Regency Health Office for the 2018-2020 period, which include the data for exclusive breastfeeding, infant health services as well as complete neonatal visits (KN3). The type of research data is numerical. The research data is presented in the form of a graph with narration. In the North Buton Regency, the data shows that in the 2018-2020 period the highest number of stunting cases occurred at the Kulisusu Health Center with 205 cases, the lowest in 2019 at the Kambawo Health Center with as few as 2 cases. Related to the cases of caloric energy deficiency, at the Kulisusu Health Center in 2018 there was 6.3%, while the stunting rate in 2019 was the lowest at the Kambawo Health Center with the proportion of KEK at 26.09%.
 Keywords: Stunting, toddlers, chronic energy deficiency

The Exclusive Breastfeeding Scope Based on the Coverage of Infant Health Services and Neonates Visits in the North Buton Regency

Breastfeeding is a healthy activity necessary for the babies’ growth and development. The United Nations Children’s Funds (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend that children only be exclusively breastfed for six months and continue for up to two years. This study objective is to describe the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding based on the coverage of infant health services and neonatal visits in the North Buton Regency for the 2018-2020 period. This is a survey research using the health report data of the North Buton Regency Health Office for the 2018-2020 period involving exclusive breastfeeding coverage data and coverage of infant health services as well as complete neonatal visits. The type of research data is numerical and the research data is presented in the form of graphs with narration. The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding for infants up to the age of 6 months was the highest in 2019 at the Kulisusu Public Health Center at 92% and the lowest in 2020 at the Kioko Public Health Center at only 43.1%. The highest coverage of baby services was in the year 2018 at the Lakansai Public Health Center at 183% and the lowest in 2019 at the Lakansai Public Health Center at only 0.0%. In 2020 the lowest at the North Wakorumba Public Health Center at only 0.0%.
 Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, Babies, Health services

P5 - Expectant and new fathers’ health literacy and engagement in maternity and early infant health services

Fathers’ participation in antenatal and postnatal (perinatal) health services is widely recommended, yet rarely achieved at desired levels. One barrier may be health services’ poor understanding of fathers’ health literacy. This study aimed to investigate (a) health literacy strengths and barriers, and (b) associations between health literacy and health service engagement, among expectant and new fathers, to inform the development of more father-inclusive health services. Cross-sectional study. Expectant and new fathers (infants born since 2020) were recruited in August 2021 through Prolific, an international paid online survey platform. The survey included the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) which encompasses nine conceptually distinct dimensions of health literacy, and questions about fathers’ engagement with perinatal health visits. Surveys were completed by 889 men (46.8% with pregnant partners, 53.2% with infants up to 18mnths). Respondents resided in the USA (30.9%), UK (27%), South Africa (17.5%) and other countries (24.7%). Highest HLQ scores among respondents were in Scale 9: ‘Understanding health information enough to know what to do’ (Mean 4.13, scale range 1-5) and Scale 8 ‘Ability to find good health information’ (Mean 4.05, scale range 1-5). Lowest HLQ scores were seen for Scale 3 ‘Actively managing my health’ (Mean 2.94, scale range 1-4), and Scale 1: ‘Feeling understood and supported by health care providers’ (Mean 2.96, scale range 1-4). Most fathers (81.8%) attended at least half of health visits with their partners/infants; regular attendance was associated (p<0.01) with higher scores on seven HLQ subscales. Expectant and new fathers report good basic, functional health literacy skills but face barriers to engaging actively in their healthcare. Health services should consider ways to improve their support for fathers. These data can inform tailored health information and engagement strategies for fathers, with potential long-term benefits for fathers, partners and infants.

Hubungan Peran Kader Posyandu, Pemberian Imunisasi Dasar dan Perilaku Sadar Gizi (Kadarzi) Dengan Tumbuh Kembang Bayi Usia 0-12 Bulan

Introduction: Puskesmas Bogor Selatan has coverage of infant health services which include the detection of child growth and development with an average percentage of the number of visits of 64.4% in 2018 and decreased by 60% in 2019 and decreased to 58% in 2020. The decline in these achievements cannot be separated from the efforts made by all components of both health workers, posyandu cadres, and community participation. Program support through sweeping tracking in toddlers who do not visit posyandu is also a supporting factor for the increase. Strategies and efforts must still be made because, despite the increase from the previous year, it is still far from the target set at 95%. Objectives: The purpose of the research is to find out the relationship between the role of posyandu cadres, the provision of basic immunization, and nutritionally conscious behavior with the growth and development of infants aged 0-12 months in the working area of the Puskesmas Bogor Selatan in 2022. Method: This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design. the population is 103 people and the sample is taken by purposive sampling technique which is 56 samples according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. data collection using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Result: The results of primary data research as a data source obtained from the questionnaire results were analyzed using validity, reliability, and bivariate analysis tests using the Chi-Square test with a meaningful level of α = 0.05 or 95% obtained-values = 0.020. 0.005 and 0.002. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a relationship between the role of posyandu cadres, the provision of basic immunization, and nutritionally conscious behavior with the growth and development of infants aged 0-12 months.

Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan (Stunting dan Konseling PMBA) Kader Pembina Posyandu Desa Kuripan Utara

Stunting is a serious public health problem and its prevalence remains high, especially in developing countries. Stunting is caused by a lack of nutritional intake for a long time in the first 1000 days of life, which is a critical period. Posyandu is a form of Community Based Health effort (UKBM) carried out by, from, and with the community, to empower and provide convenience for the community to obtain health services for mothers, infants, and toddlers. This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of cadres in preventing stunting and in Baby and Child Feeding counseling. This activity was carried out on February 21, 2022. The activity lasted for 3 hours and the participants who attended the training were 40 training cadres located in the Kuripan Utara Village Office Hall. The participants were very enthusiastic about participating in every material given in the training. The cadres of the training participants received clarification on various questions regarding nutrition that had been developing with an inaccurate understanding. Participants also became more aware of Baby and Child Feeding toddlers and could do counseling.

The voice of the infant

ABSTRACT As part of work to develop Infant Mental Health services and systems in Scotland, the authors embarked on a project to facilitate the voices of babies and young children in our work, in the appraisal and evaluation of that work and in the design and development of our services. Our Best Practice Guidelines provide guidance on how to take account of infants’ views and rights in all encounters they may have with professionals in statutory or third sector services, or in public spaces, such as shops, libraries or galleries. The Infant Pledge details what babies and young children should expect from adults. In this paper, we will describe theoretical considerations underpinning this initiative and also place the work in the context of relevant policies and legislation, including the UNCRC.

Regresi Binomial Negatif untuk Memodelkan Kematian Bayi di Kalimantan Timur

Negative Binomial Regression (NBR) is an alternative regression model to model the relationship between the dependent variable in overdispersion count data and one or more independent variables. Overdispersion is a problem in Poisson regression modeling. Namely, the variance of the dependent variable is more than the mean. If there is overdispersion, then the parameter estimator of the Poisson regression model has a standard error value that is not under-estimated. The NBR model was applied to modeling infant mortality in East Kalimantan in 2019. Data on infant mortality in East Kalimantan in 2019 indicated overdispersion. Infant mortality is an indicator that can measure the progress of development outcomes in the health sector in a region. In the last three years, from 2017 to 2019, infant mortality data in East Kalimantan has increased. Therefore, it is necessary to do modeling to get the factors that cause it. The modeling results with NBR show that the percentage of the complete neonatal visit of KN3, the percentage of infant health services, and the percentage of visits by pregnant women K4 significantly affect infant mortality in East Kalimantan in 2019.

Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Tren Pelayanan KIA di Kabupaten Tangerang Tahun 2020

The Indonesian government has declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national disaster on March 14, 2020 The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on maternal and child health services. The decline in antenatal care visits and health services for infants and toddlers occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of policies such as Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) during the pandemic. The research method uses a mixed methods approach with a deductive-sequential design. The population in this study were all mothers, infants and children. toddlers who are in Tangerang district while the samples in this study are mothers, infants and toddlers whose data is available on the Recover Covid dashboard. The results of the study show indicators of Maternal and Child Health programs that have been negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, including K1 and K4 coverage, children under five being monitored for growth and development, IDL and maternal mortality. Suggestions from this study need to arrange a village visit schedule, optimize referral hospitals for maternity patients with COVID-19, improve delivery facilities and infrastructure for mothers with COVID-19 and support APBD from local governments

Pelaksanaan Posyandu di Masa Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru (Studi Kualitatif)

Background: Health service activities such as posyandu must still be carried out by implementing health protocols. Puskesmas must continue to encourage posyandu to be active in health services for infants and toddlers. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the input, process and output of the implementation of the toddler or immunization services at the posyandu. Method: This type of the study was a qualitative with purposive sampling of informants. There were 10 (ten) informants representing Lurah Malili, Babinsa, Kader Posyandu, parents of toddlers or caregivers, midwife, puskesmas officers and community leaders. The data collection technique used in-depth interview techniques with descriptive analysis. This research was carried out in one of the Posyandu for toddlers, Malili Village, Malili District, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi Province in August and September 2021. Results: The results showed that the implementation of Posyandu in Malili Village in terms of personnel, funds, facilities and infrastructure, implementation of Health protocols and number of visits was in good category and carried out in accordance with applicable guidelines. Conclusion: Puskesmas Malili needs to evaluate its performance and programs every year. In addition, increasing the facilities and funds needed at the posyandu.

Midwife and Shaman Partnership Relationship with MCH Service Coverage in the Work Area of the West Limboto Health Center

The cooperation between midwives and traditional birth attendants is referred to as a partnership between midwives and traditional birth attendants. In order to promote the health of mothers and newborns, it must be mutually advantageous for all parties and built on the principles of openness, equality, and mutual confidence. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the collaboration interaction between midwives and traditional delivery attendants in the context of the enhancement of maternal and infant health services at West Limboto Health Center in Uganda, Africa. In this study, a cross-sectional research strategy using the Chi Square test was employed. The sampling approach used in this research was incidental sampling, which is to say, the technique of determining samples was used. The findings indicated that the Chi Square test was 0.005 or the p value was less than 0.005, which led to the conclusion that there was a link between midwives and traditional delivery attendants in order to promote the health of mothers and newborns.

You can't have one without the other: The case for integrated perinatal and infant mental health services.

You can't have one without the other: The case for integrated perinatal and infant mental health services.

Clinician Racial Biases: Preliminary Investigation on Predictors of Poor Therapeutic Alliance and Retention in Home Visiting Intervention Program.

Home visiting programs are effective in improving maternal-child health, and higher therapeutic alliance is associated with improved program retention and outcomes. Black, single, low-income mothers have a higher risk for poorer health outcomes in pregnancy and postpartum and for early termination of therapeutic services. To examine associations between clinician and client alliance and social, economic, and racial demographics. Mothers (N = 71) who were pregnant or had an infant (age < 24m) receiving Infant Mental Health (IMH) services through community health service agencies and their clinicians (N = 50) completed the Scale to Assess Therapeutic Relationships (clinicians: STAR-C, clients: STAR-P) at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12months, and provided demographic information. Survival analysis showed those with higher alliance ratings, both client and clinician ratings, at the 3-month time-point were more likely to remain in treatment longer (for clients est = -1.67, p = .0017; for clinician est = -.75, p = .031). Controlling for clinician experience and frequency of reflective supervision, Black clinicians had higher alliance ratings than white clinicians, (b = 3.1 (1.6), p = .049). Neither clinician-client racial match nor client marital status predicted alliance. Black clinicians' ratings of alliance did not vary by client race, but white clinicians reported weaker alliance with their Black, relative to white, clients (β = .40, p = .045). Weaker alliance reported by white clinicians with Black clients, coupled with a lack of client-race related differences for Black clinicians, suggests white clinician racial bias may be important to consider in regards to program retention and health disparities.