Child Health Screening Research Articles

Encountering children with suspected neurodevelopmental disorders in Child Health Services: Swedish nurses' experiences.

To describe nurses' experiences encountering children with suspected neurodevelopmental disorders in Child Health Services. This qualitative inductive study was conducted in Sweden. Twenty nurses were interviewed individually on a virtual platform using a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended and explorative questions. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Nurses expressed responsibility for finding deviations in children but described an equilibrium of giving children time to develop without delaying referrals. Nurses had profound competence and intuition, but subjective intuition of assessment evoked a feeling of uncertainty. Nurses were sensitive and open-minded to different and contradictory parental reactions. Reactions were difficult and frustrating to manage, and communication needed to be versatile and flexible to achieve a partnership. When uncertain in an assessment they obtained complementary additional information from the child's preschool teacher. Nurses had several collaborators inside and outside the Child Health Services team and felt successful when correctly referred but frustrated with extended waiting times and protracted interplay. The results suggest further education for nurses about neurodevelopmental disorders and communication tools like Motivational Interviewing. Furthermore, screening for assessing neurodevelopmental disorders, guidelines in referral management and a care coordinator for multiple referrals should be implemented. Improvements in Child Health Services nurses' competence, screening methods and referral management could lead to more efficient care interventions and support that can promote health and well-being in the short and long-term for children and families.

Gender Analysis of Santri’s Mental Health in Islamic Boarding Schools

Mental health is a health issue that is often ignored. In fact, 1 in 3 adolescent in Indonesia experience mental health problems. Neglect is caused by unawareness of one's condition. Not to mention the problem of negative stigma in people with mental disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between gender and mental health of students in Islamic boarding schools. This research method was quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples in this study was 357 male and female santri in Islamic boarding schools. The sampling technique used proportional random sampling. Data collection was carried out using the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) with 25 questions referring to the technical instructions for health screening and periodic examinations of school-age children and adolescents. Data analysis was carried out using the chi square test. The results of the study showed that female santri had greater mental health problems, namely in the abnormal category, higher than male santri. The results of the chi square test showed a Pvalue <0.05, meaning that there is a relationship between gender and mental health on the results of the SDQ difficulties, both in terms of emotional symptoms (<0.001), behavioral problems (0.031), hyperactivity (<0.001) and peers (<0.001) and cumulatively (0.001). However, there is no relationship between gender and mental health on the results of the SDQ strength (0.074).

Use of intraoral mobile photography for screening of oral health in children

Abstract Background The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of intraoral mobile photography to assess caries intensity (DMFT/deft), simplified oral hygiene index (S-OHI) and modified gingival index (MGI). Methods Children aged 7-12 were included in the study. The clinical doctor evaluated the oral health indicators by visual examination: DMFT, deft, S-OHI, MGI were calculated. Dental students independently captured photos with a mobile phone (iPhone-11) in 8 predetermined projections. Dental images were kept in coded folders for research anonymity. Another professional calculated index based on the photos. Variables were used with binary values (DMFT/deft = 0/≥1; MGI=0/≥1; S-OHI≤1.2/>1.2). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) of dental photography were evaluated and Cohen’s Kappa was calculated to measure the level of agreement between two independent observers. Results 2864 photographs were evaluated for 358 participants. The sensitivity and specificity of intraoral mobile photography for DMFT index is 95.8 (95% CI: 93.4-98.3) and 89.2 (95% CI: 83-95.5); For deft index: 100.0 (95% CI: 100-100) and 88.6 (95% CI: 79.3-98); For MGI: 89.7 (95% CI: 85.8-93.5) and 91.4 (95% CI: 86.3-96.5); For S-OHI: 77.6 (95% CI: 67.6-87.6) and 93.8 (95% CI: 91-96.6); The PPV value for DMFT, deft, MGI and S-OHI is 96.2; 97.7; 95.6 and 74.3 and the NPV value is 88.3; 100.0; 80.9 and 94.8 respectively. It was achieved substantial and perfect agreement between two independent raters: For DMFT, deft, MGI, S-OHI indices Cohen’s Kappa =0.85; 0.93; 0.78; 0.70 correspondingly. Conclusions Intraoral mobile photography, if applied within appropriate guidelines is reliable for assessing caries intensity, simplified hygiene index and modified gingival index as well as visual screening and may become a priority for dental public health. The involvement of dental students in studies of similar design is appropriate. Key messages • Intraoral mobile photography can be used for oral health screening in children. • The involvement of dental program students in screening studies conducted with intraoral mobile photography is appropriate.

A Study of the Psychometric Properties of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 for Children With Developmental Delays and Disorders.

Primary care physicians (PCPs) frequently serve pediatric patients with developmental delays and disorders (DD/D). Although the most widely used primary care behavioral health screener, the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17), is validated for use with children without DD/D, it is unclear whether this measure accurately identifies behavioral health symptoms in youth with DD/D. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the PSC-17 for children with DD/D. Medical record data from 3596 pediatric patients at a primary care clinic were analyzed. Descriptive analyses, measurement invariance testing, and internal consistency evaluations were conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the PSC-17. The results of these analyses support the use of the PSC-17 for behavioral health screening for children with DD/D. Behavioral health screening in this population is critical, because the timely identification of behavioral health concerns can facilitate early intervention, which may enhance long-term functioning.

Charting the Ethical Frontier in Newborn Screening Research: Insights from the NBSTRN ELSI Researcher Needs Survey

From 2008 to 2024, the Newborn Screening Translational Research Network (NBSTRN), part of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Hunter Kelly Newborn Screening Program, served as a robust infrastructure to facilitate groundbreaking research in newborn screening (NBS), public health, rare disease, and genomics. Over its sixteen years, NBSTRN developed into a significant international network, supporting innovative research on novel technologies to screen, diagnose, treat, manage, and understand the natural history of more than 280 rare diseases. The NBSTRN tools and resources were used by a variety of stakeholders including researchers, clinicians, state NBS programs, parents, families, and policy makers. Resources and expertise for the newborn screening community in ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) has been an important area of focus for the NBSTRN and this includes efforts across the NBS system from pilot studies of candidate conditions to public health implementation of screening for new conditions, and the longitudinal follow-up of NBS-identified individuals to inform health outcomes and disease understanding. In 2023, the NBSTRN conducted a survey to explore ELSI issues in NBS research, specifically those encountered by the NBS community. Since NBS research involves collaboration among researchers, state NBS programs, clinicians, and families, the survey was broadly designed and disseminated to engage all key stakeholders. With responses from 88 members of the NBS community, including researchers and state NBS programs, the survey found that individuals rely most on institutional and collegial resources when they encounter ELSI questions. Most survey responses ranked privacy as extremely or very important in NBS research and identified the need for policies that address informed consent in NBS research. The survey results highlight the need for improved collaborative resources and educational programs focused on ELSI for the NBS community. The survey results inform future efforts in ELSI and NBS research in the United States (U.S.) and the rest of the world, including the development of policies and expanded ELSI initiatives and tools that address the needs of all NBS stakeholders.

Using Wearable Digital Devices to Screen Children for Mental Health Conditions: Ethical Promises and Challenges.

In response to a burgeoning pediatric mental health epidemic, recent guidelines have instructed pediatricians to regularly screen their patients for mental health disorders with consistency and standardization. Yet, gold-standard screening surveys to evaluate mental health problems in children typically rely solely on reports given by caregivers, who tend to unintentionally under-report, and in some cases over-report, child symptomology. Digital phenotype screening tools (DPSTs), currently being developed in research settings, may help overcome reporting bias by providing objective measures of physiology and behavior to supplement child mental health screening. Prior to their implementation in pediatric practice, however, the ethical dimensions of DPSTs should be explored. Herein, we consider some promises and challenges of DPSTs under three broad categories: accuracy and bias, privacy, and accessibility and implementation. We find that DPSTs have demonstrated accuracy, may eliminate concerns regarding under- and over-reporting, and may be more accessible than gold-standard surveys. However, we also find that if DPSTs are not responsibly developed and deployed, they may be biased, raise privacy concerns, and be cost-prohibitive. To counteract these potential shortcomings, we identify ways to support the responsible and ethical development of DPSTs for clinical practice to improve mental health screening in children.

Results of mental health screening of children who were forced to leave Ukraine in 2022

Background. As a result of Russian aggression, many citizens of Ukraine are forced to migrate to safe countries. Since the beginning of the war, more than 17 million people have left Ukraine. During the war, the population is exposed to a constant stress factor that is not homogeneous. For some people, this is due to being in the war zone, exposure to shelling, and staying in shelters. For others, it is caused by forced migration, separation from family, and difficult adaptation to a new social environment. The most vulnerable category is children and adolescents. Among children and adolescents who are forced to seek refuge in foreign countries, the most common post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Purpose – analysis of the mental state and risk of PTSD in children and adolescents who were forced to leave Ukraine during the war. Materials and Methods. We studied 50 children aged 8 to 17 years (mean age: 11.2±2.4) who had left for European countries after the outbreak of the armed conflict in Ukraine. Results. The median total score of the PTSST was 19 points [QR 15; 23]; 42.0±6.9% of respondents were at high risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSST score ≥ 21); 44.0±7.1% of children had an average risk of developing PTSD (PTSST from 10 to 20), 14.0±4.9% had a low level of traumatic childhood stress (PTSST ≤ 10). Thus, 86% of children had significant psychological manifestations that will require specialist consultation and qualified assistance. When analysing the degree of childhood traumatic stress depending on the child’s age, it was found that children aged 7–10 years were significantly more at risk of developing PTSD, which highlights the vulnerability of this period of life. Conclusions. According to the survey, children undergo significant changes in their mental state, even when they travel abroad and stay in safe conditions. Children aged 7 to 10 were the most sensitive to the impact of stress factors and the risk of developing PTSD. The interdependence of parental influence and the state of children’s mental health, which was determined by the educational level of parents, was established.

Screening children in conflict with the law in Kenya for mental health needs using the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument–Version 2

A growing body of research shows that justice-involved children, particularly those in conflict with the law, present with symptoms of a diagnosable mental disorder. Routine screening and assessment of young offenders assists justice actors in determining the most appropriate treatment interventions, ensures effective rehabilitation, and enhances public safety. Conversely, some child-justice jurisdictions such as Kenya have not integrated mental health screening for children entering the justice system. This lack of internal audit mechanisms by agencies can contribute to worsening of the young person’s mental status. This study sought to determine the mental health needs of 153 children in conflict with the law committed by courts to remand homes, reception centers, rehabilitation schools, Borstal institutions, youth corrective centers, probation hostels, and on community probation supervision in Nairobi country. Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument Version-2 was used to screen the children. The findings revealed that thought disturbance in boys was the highest endorsed scale as 58.9% were within warning range scores. Clinically significant caution level scores were reported for somatic complaints (66.7%), angry-irritable (54.2%), and depressed-anxious (45.1%). There were statistically significant gender differences in somatic complaints (p = 0.021), suicidal ideation (p < 0.001) and traumatic experiences (p = 0.034). Respondents with a history of offending had higher mean scores in alcohol/drug use (M = 2.92, SD = 2.36). Significant differences were found between the institution where the child was screened and alcohol/drug use. The findings of this study could assist the Kenyan child justice system to institute mechanisms for mandatory mental health screening, assessment, and treatment of young offenders.

Incorporating an intersectional gender approach to improve access to maternal and child health screening services

BackgroundIn the Americas, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has promoted initiatives that aim at the elimination of mother-to-child transmitted diseases for over two decades. Although Guatemala has assumed the commitment to improve access and coverage of reproductive and perinatal services, the goals have not yet been reached. Often, the implementation of these efforts is hampered by complexities rooted in social, cultural, and environmental intersections. The objective of this work is to share our experience applying gender intersectionality as a methodological and analytical tool in a participatory research project that aims to improve access to maternal and child health screening services. The study shows the novel strategy that incorporates intersectionality contributing to evidence on how it can be applied to strengthen public health efforts around the implementation of the EMTCT Plus (Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B, and Chagas disease) framework, in the mostly rural municipality of Comapa, in Guatemala.MethodsWe applied a participatory methodology, integrating theoretical and methodological frameworks to have an intersectional understanding of health services delivered by both, midwives, and the public health institution, for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B, and Chagas. The data was collected by conducting interviews, focus groups, workshops, and reviewing laboratory databases, guided by five strategies from a cultural appropriateness framework.ResultsThe intersectional analysis shed light on the synergies and gaps of the current efforts and protocols implemented by both the midwives and the Ministry of Health. The services offered for the four diseases were often delivered independently from each other, and a comprehensive educational and communication material strategy was absent. However, our findings will be used to inform consistent, locally relevant, and culturally appropriate educational content for the local population, also following the national policy guidelines.ConclusionsUsing intersectionality as a method and as an analytical tool allowed us to understand the (1) interrelation of diverse social, cultural, and environmental determinants which influence the delivery of health services, as well as (2) the dynamics between the traditional and institutional health systems. (3) Community engagement and the participation of different stakeholders in a consultative process have been fundamental for the conceptual and methodological tenets of this research. (4) Finally, giving a more prominent role to midwives can strengthen sustainability and cultural appropriateness, which is complementary to the delivery of institutional health services.

Fatigue recovery and connected factors following paediatric concussion

ObjectiveUsing a biopsychosocial framework and the three-factor fatigue model, we aimed to (1) plot recovery of fatigue over the 3 months following paediatric concussion and (2) explore factors associated with...

Digital child health: opportunities and obstacles. A joint statement of European Academy of Paediatrics and European Confederation of Primary Care Paediatricians.

The advancement of technology and the increasing digitisation of healthcare systems have opened new opportunities to transform the delivery of child health services. The importance of interoperable electronic health data in enhancing healthcare systems and improving child health care is evident. Interoperability ensures seamless data exchange and communication among healthcare entities, providers, institutions, household and systems. Using standardised data formats, coding systems, and terminologies is crucial in achieving interoperability and overcoming the barriers of different systems, formats, and locations. Paediatricians and other child health stakeholders can effectively address data structure, coding, and terminology inconsistencies by promoting interoperability and improving data quality and accuracy of children and youth, according to guidelines of the World Health Organisation. Thus, ensure comprehensive health assessments and screenings for children, including timely follow-up and communication of results. And implement effective vaccination schedules and strategies, ensuring timely administration of vaccines and prompt response to any concerns or adverse events. Developmental milestones can be continuously monitored. This can improve care coordination, enhance decision-making, and optimise health outcomes for children. In conclusion, using interoperable electronic child health data holds great promise in advancing international child healthcare systems and enhancing the child's care and well-being. By promoting standardised data exchange, interoperability enables timely health assessments, accurate vaccination schedules, continuous monitoring of developmental milestones, coordination of care, and collaboration among child healthcare professionals and the individual or their caregiver. Embracing interoperability is essential for creating a person-centric and data-driven healthcare ecosystem where the potential of digitalisation and innovation can be fully realized.

Vaikų profilaktiniai patikrinimai pirminėje asmens sveikatos priežiūroje: literatūros apžvalga

Summary. The purpose of the preventive health check-up of children and adolescents is to assess the harmonious development of patients, identify health disorders, and prevent the occurrence of future diseases. In Lithuania, health checks of children and adolescents are carried out periodically. Family doctors or pediatricians, who suspect health disorders in a child during a preventive health check-up, can prescribe all the necessary instrumental or laboratory tests and send the necessary specialists for consultation. In foreign countries, the culture of preventive health check-ups for children and adolescents is somewhat different, as check-ups are not carried out every year.&#x0D; A literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, in the MEDLINE electronic database. The search was carried out from 01.11.2022 to 01.02.2023. The systematic review included 16 articles on the topic. After analyzing the scientific articles, it can be stated that preventive health screening of children and adolescents is carried out in many countries, but with the help of different healthcare professionals and also at different time intervals. Preventive examinations in PSP are carried out by a family doctor, a pediatrician, a nurse, an ophthalmologist, a dentist, and in some countries also a physical medicine and rehabilitation doctor and a psychologist.

Validation of a developmental screening tool from a national health program in India for screening speech-language disorders among children

Background Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) is a Government of India initiative that aims to develop a structured approach toward child health screening and early intervention. Objectives The current study aimed to validate the RBSK developmental screening tool incorporated within a mobile-based application for screening of speech and language delays/disorders among children below 6 years of age Methods A total of 235 caregiver-child dyads including 96 children aged below 2;6 years; months and 139 children between 2;6 and 6;0 years participated in the study. Children underwent developmental screening by a Speech Language Pathologist (SLP) using the RBSK screening tool and specific speech-language screening using the Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST) followed by detailed evaluation by another SLP, blinded to the results of the screening. Each item in the RBSK and LEST screening tools was rated as ‘yes’ or ‘no’ by observing the child’s performance. Results and conclusion Detailed assessment by the SLP identified 133 children with typical speech and language development and 102 children with speech and language disorders. The sensitivity and specificity (95% CI) of the RBSK screening tool against both detailed assessment by SLP and LEST screening with one-item criteria were similar at 100% (87.23-100) and 97.1% (89.82-99.65) respectively in the younger group and 97.33% (90.70-99.68) and 92.19% (82.70-97.41) respectively in the older age group. The RBSK screening tool implemented via an mhealth application by SLPs demonstrated adequate psychometric properties for screening speech-language disorders among children less than six years of age.

Deteksi Dini Penyakit Melalui Screening Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Anak-Anak di Rumah Asuh YABNI Padang

According to Riskesdas 2018, the prevalence of people experiencing dental and oral diseases in Indonesia has increased sharply from 23.2% in 2007 to 57.6% in 2018. The problem found at the YABNI Padang Orphanage was that many children complain of toothache, there have been no dental and oral examinations for children. The solution offered by the head of the proposing team was to carry out early detection of disease through dental and oral health screening for children at the YABNI Padang Orphanage. It was hoped that promotive and preventive efforts will be achieved against dental and oral health risks for children at the YABNI Padang Orphanage by implementing dental and oral health screening for children as well as educating administrators and children about how to care for children's teeth and mouth. Apart from that, the planned output target in this community service was research articles in national service journals. From the results of this community service, it was found that early detection of dental and oral cases/diseases, the most common being caries/cavities, was 101 cases, with 62 cases in girls and 39 cases in boys. Managers should provide ongoing education to foster children so that they remained aware of the importance of dental and oral health.

437 Mental health screening for children before and during elexacaftortezacaftor-ivacaftor therapy

437 Mental health screening for children before and during elexacaftortezacaftor-ivacaftor therapy

Child health screening program in French nursery schools: Results and related socioeconomic factors.

The study aims to describe the output of routine health screening performed in French nursery schools by the maternal and child health services among children aged 3-4 years and to quantify the level of early socioeconomic health disparities. In 30 participating départements, data on screening for vision and hearing impairments, overweight and thinness, dental health, language, psychomotor development, and immunizations were collected for children born on specific dates in 2011 and enrolled in nursery school in 2014-2016. Information was collected on the children, their socioeconomic characteristics and on the school attended. Odds of abnormal screening results were compared for each socioeconomic factor by logistic regressions adjusted for age, sex, prematurity and bilingualism. Among the 9,939 children screened, prevalence of disorders was 12.3% for vision, 10.9% for hearing, 10.4% for overweight, 7.3% for untreated caries, 14.2% for language and 6.6% for psychomotricity. Newly detected visual disorders were more frequent in disadvantaged areas. Children with unemployed parents were three time more likely to have untreated caries and twice as likely to present language or psychomotor impairments; 52% were referred to a health professional following screening compared to 39% of children with employed parents. Except for children in disadvantaged areas, vaccine coverage was lower among disadvantaged groups. The prevalences of impairments, which are higher among disadvantaged children, highlight the potential preventive impact of systematic screening under the comprehensive maternal and child healthcare program. These results are important to quantify early socioeconomic inequalities in a Western country known for its generous social welfare system. A more holistic approach to child health is needed with a coherent system involving families and aligning primary care, local child health professionals, general practitioners, and specialists. Further results are needed to evaluate its impact on later child development and health.

Development of Health Screening Information System for Elementary School Children at Dalam Kaum Sambas Public Health Center, Sambas Regency - West Kalimantan

Dalam Kaum Sambas Public Health Center is one of the public health centers that carry out the main activities of health improvement efforts in the form of promotive and preventive efforts, namely health screening for elementary school children, which are carried out manually, causing problems such as the length of recording, drawing conclusions based on examination results and recapitulation that are at risk of errors. This study aimed to develop an Information System for Primary School Children's Health Screening (SIPEKASDA) at Dalam Kaum Sambas Public Health Center. This research method is Research and Development (R&amp;D) with system design using the Waterfall model and system evaluation with the EUCS End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) model. The design of the Information System in this study includes a Data Flow Diagram, Flowchart, Entity Relationship Diagram and User Interface, which produces an Information System with several menus, namely processing student data, parents, student class mapping, health checks and recapitulation of school-based health check results. The results obtained from SIPEKASDA include; the presentation of examination results data and recapitulation of examination results per school, village and sub-district. SIPEKASDA is a website-based information system that can be accessed anywhere and anytime. The quality of the Primary School Children's Health Screening Information System assessed from the evaluation of information systems using the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) model is very good, which reaches 83.58%, so the information system can be relied on if you need data at any time. One of the principles of using information systems is timelines or the speed of information systems in responding to what is done by its users, presenting data promptly and up to date so that the use of information systems can increase. Problems in recording inspection results, data processing, data recapitulation, report making, and ease of accessing the system can be adequately resolved after the system is made.

School Children's Health Screening at SDN Bangsal 1 with Puskesmas Pesantren 1 Kediri City

The guidance and development of School Health Business (UKS) in schools is carried out through three main programs (known as the UKS trias) which include health education, health services, and fostering a healthy school life environment. The health services in question include school children's health screening, otherwise known as health screening; health monitoring; and health education. The purpose of this community service is to conduct a health screening of school children at SDN Bangsal 1 Kediri City. The school health screening program will be held in February 2022, precisely at 08.00 – 12.00. The health tests carried out include eye health, ear health, skin health, teeth and reproductive health tests. An eye health test is conducted to determine whether the student suffers from color blindness, low vision, cataracts, or other diseases. A skin health test is done by checking whether there are red spots on the skin. In addition, health tests are also added to other body parts. This community service is carried out in collaboration with the Pesantren 1 Public Health Center, Kediri City. From the screening results, it was found that the health of the students of SDN Bangsal 1 Kediri City did not show any serious diseases, but some eye problems were found. The action taken by the school for students with health problems was to refer to the Pesantren 1 Public Health Center which is not far from the school, by bringing a referral letter given by the examining doctor at the health screening. The health screening program is one of the school's flagship programs. It is hoped that the students of SDN Bangsal 1 Kediri have more awareness to maintain health.

Wellbeing and mental health interventions for Indigenous children and youth: A systematic scoping review

***Introduction

2021 U.S. Virgin Islands Zika health brigade: Providing recommended pediatric health screenings for children born to mothers with laboratory evidence of possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy.

The United States Virgin Islands (USVI) Department of Health (DOH) conducted a second Zika health brigade (ZHB) in 2021 to provide recommended Zika-related pediatric health screenings, including vision, hearing, neurologic, and developmental screenings, for children in the USVI. This was replicated after the success of the first ZHB in 2018, which provided recommended Zika-related pediatric health screenings to 88 infants and children exposed to Zika virus (ZIKV) during pregnancy. Ten specialty pediatric care providers were recruited and traveled to the USVI to conduct the screenings. USVI DOH scheduled appointments for children included in CDC's U.S. Zika Pregnancy and Infant Registry (USZPIR). During the ZHB, participants were examined by pediatric ophthalmologists, pediatric audiologists, and pediatric neurologists. We report the percentage of participants who were referred for additional follow-up care or given follow-up recommendations in the 2021 ZHB and compare these referrals and recommendations to those given in the 2018 ZHB. Thirty-three children born to mothers with laboratory evidence of ZIKV infection during pregnancy completed screenings at the 2021 ZHB, of which 15 (45%) children were referred for additional follow-up care. Ophthalmological screenings resulted in the highest number of new referrals for a specialty provider among ZHB participants, with 6 (18%) children receiving referrals for that specialty. Speech therapy was the most common therapy referral, with 10 (30%) children referred, of which 9 (90%) were among those who attended the 2018 ZHB. Thirty-three children in a jurisdiction with reduced access to healthcare specialists received recommended Zika-related pediatric health screenings at the ZHB. New and continuing medical and developmental concerns were identified and appropriate referrals for follow-up care and services were provided. The ZHB model was successful in creating connections to health services not previously received by the participants.