Health-related Quality Of Life Index Research Articles

The Non-Paced 3-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test: Feasibility and Clinical Relevance for Pulmonary Rehabilitation Assessment.

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), notably by increasing exercise tolerance. Easy-to-implement sit-to-stand tests can facilitate the assessment of exercise tolerance in routine practice. This retrospective study conducted in a real-life setting was designed to describe the non-paced 3-min sit-to-stand test (3-STST) and to evaluate its relationship with HRQoL (VQ11 questionnaire) to identify the determinants of 3-STST performance and to analyze the evolution of 3-STST performance and HRQoL over the course of a community-based PR program. Seventy-one COPD patients (age 69 ± 10 years old; 51% with GOLD spirometric stages III-IV) were included. Mean ± SD 3-STST performance at the initial PR assessment was 43 ± 15 repetitions. This performance was significantly associated with HRQoL and other indicators of clinical severity (lung function, dyspnea, and functional capacities). During the multivariate analysis, younger age, exertional dyspnea with mMRC ≤ 1, and better HRQoL were significantly associated with better 3-STST performance. From the initial to second PR assessment, changes in 3-STST performance were significantly associated with changes in HRQoL. This study provides evidence that the non-paced 3-STST is feasible and might be clinically relevant in the assessment of patients with COPD referred for community-based PR. This test deserves to be prospectively validated.

The influence of transient loss of consciousness in children on the health-related quality of life indicators

Abstract. Any acute, recurrent or inflammatory disease can cause numerous changes in various areas of a child's life from daily duties to emotional and cognitive development, self-esteem, and relationships with other people, as well as can negatively affect his/her contacts with peers, functioning in school or family. The aim of the study was the search for modern scientific achievements in the field of research on the quality of life among children with transient loss of consciousness and their families for a better understanding of the state of the possibilities of using this indicator in the evaluation of the effectiveness of the carried-out treatment and prevention measures. Materials and methods. The following terms were used for the search: «syncope», «epilepsy», «psychogenic transient loss of consciousness», and «quality of life», and «children» in the PubMed Medline and Scopus databases. Only English-language full-text articles published between January 2013 and December 2022 were included in the search. Results. During the past 10 years numerous studies have been published on health-related quality of life in children with epilepsy, and there was only one study among children with vasovagal syncope. Given the typically benign etiology of this disease, children are at high risk of psychological health worsening after experiencing a syncope episode. A diagnosis of epilepsy in early childhood has a profound effect on the child's psychological and physical development. It is important that epilepsy slows down the achievement of children's independence and complicates social relationships and cognitive processes. A number of authors drew attention to the lack of relationship between the quality of life and the frequency of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in children and proved the key influence of depression and somatoform disorders on the reduction of quality of life. Conclusions. Health-related quality of life study is an important tool for the understanding of disease impact on child’s daily life and family members, which allows you to effectively recognize symptoms for the purpose of their timely correction, and is the final point in assessing the effectiveness of treatment and prevention measures, as well as quality of public health services. The relevance of further quality of life studies in children under the various types of syncope is due to the extremely limited results of observations in this group of patients.

Effects of a Home-Based Physical Activity Program on Blood Biomarkers and Health-Related Quality of Life Indices in Saudi Arabian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The purpose of this study was to undertake a randomized control trial examining the effects of a 12-week home-based physical activity program on Saudi Arabian adults with type 2 diabetes. Sixty-four patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited from the Jazan Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, located in the Jazan region of southwestern Saudi Arabia. Patients were randomly assigned to either control, i.e., usual care (males = 46.9% and females = 53.1%, age = 45.88 ± 8.51 years, mass = 76.30 ± 15.16 kg, stature = 160.59 ± 8.94 cm, body mass index (BMI) = 29.73 ± 6.24 kg/m2, years since diagnosis = 8.12 ± 6.22 years) or a home-based physical activity (males = 50% and females = 50%, age = 42.07 ± 9.72 years, mass = 74.58 ± 13.67 kg, stature = 158.94 ± 9.38 cm, BMI = 29.44 ± 4.38 kg/m2, years since diagnosis = 12.17 ± 8.38 years) trial arms. The home-based physical activity group was required to undertake aerobic training by increasing their habitual step count by 2000 steps per day and performing resistance training 3 times per week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and secondary measures of anthropometrics, blood biomarkers, physical fitness, and patient-reported quality of life outcomes pertinent to type 2 diabetes were measured at timepoints, i.e., baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks (follow-up). Intention-to-treat analyses revealed no significant alterations in the primary outcome (control: baseline = 8.71%, 12-weeks = 8.35%, and follow-up = 8.72%; home-based physical activity: baseline = 8.32%, 12-weeks = 8.06%, and follow-up = 8.39%) between trial arms. However, improvements in psychological wellbeing at follow-up measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were significantly greater in the home-based physical activity group (baseline = 6.84, 12-weeks = 5.96, and follow-up = 5.00) compared to the control (baseline = 6.81, 12-weeks = 5.73, and follow-up = 8.53). No other statistically significant observations were observed. Home-based physical activity is not effective in mediating improvements in HbA1c levels or secondary hematological, blood pressure, anthropometric, or fitness indices. However, given the link between psychological wellbeing and the etiology/progression of disease activity in type 2 diabetes, home-based physical activity may be effective for tertiary disease management. Future trials should examine the efficacy of relative exercise intensities greater than those in the current study.

Clinical outcome data of anxiety patients treated with cannabis-based medicinal products in the United Kingdom: a cohort study from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry

RationaleCannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) have been identified as novel therapeutics for generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) based on pre-clinical models; however, there is a paucity of high-quality evidence on their effectiveness and safety.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with GAD treated with dried flower, oil-based preparations, or a combination of both CBMPs.MethodsA prospective cohort study of patients with GAD (n = 302) enrolled in the UK Medical Cannabis Registry prescribed oil or flower-based CBMPs was performed. Primary outcomes were changes in generalised anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaires at 1, 3, and 6 months compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes were single-item sleep quality scale (SQS) and health-related quality of life index (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires at the same time points. These changes were assessed by paired t-tests. Adverse events were assessed in line with CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) v4.0.ResultsImprovements in anxiety, sleep quality and quality of life were observed at each time point (p < 0.001). Patients receiving CBMPs had improvements in GAD-7 at all time points (1 month: difference −5.3 (95% CI −4.6 to −6.1), 3 months: difference −5.5 (95% CI −4.7 to −6.4), 6 months: difference −4.5 (95% CI −3.2 to −5.7)). Thirty-nine participants (12.9%) reported 269 adverse events in the follow-up period.ConclusionsPrescription of CBMPs in those with GAD is associated with clinically significant improvements in anxiety with an acceptable safety profile in a real-world setting. Randomised trials are required as a next step to investigate the efficacy of CBMPs.

Gender characteristics of health-related quality of life indicators in children with high normal blood pressure and primary hypertension

Background. The study of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has great practical importance for patients with hypertension. The aim of the work was to investigate the gender characteristics of HRQoL in children with primary hypertension and high normal blood pressure. Material and methods. One hundred and ninety-nine patients (107 boys and 92 girls) aged 9–17 years were examined. Among them, 81 children had high normal blood pressure, 44 were with stage 1 hypertension, 38 patients had hypertension stage 1 аnd 36 children had normal blood pressure. All patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The Ukrainian version of the PedsQL 4.0 scale was used to assess HRQoL. Results. In girls with high normal blood pressure and in the initial stages of the stable hypertension, a higher frequency of complaints of headache, dizziness, heart pain was found compared to boys, as well as a moderate and significant negative correlation between the frequency of these complaints and HRQoL indicators. The lowest PedsQL indicators were in girls with hypertension stage 2 (total score of the PedsQL 4.0 scale was 67.41 ± 9.94 points). Boys with hypertension stage 2 had normal PedsQL scores. Regardless of gender, psychosocial health indicators were found to be low in children with high normal blood pressure compared to the control group: in girls — 70.68 ± 12.46 points (р &lt; 0.05), in boys — 70.23 ± 13.09 points (p &lt; 0.05). The indicators of social functioning in all children did not differ from the data of the control group. Conclusions. HRQoL indicators in children aged 9–17 years with hypertension and high normal blood pressure depend on the level of blood pressure and have gender characteristics. Girls with hypertension stage 2, except for social functioning data, have worse HRQoL indicators compared to boys with stable hypertension stage 2. Children with high normal blood pressure, regardless of gender, have lower psychosocial health indicators compared to the control group. HRQoL indicators are negatively correlated with complaints of headache (more pronounced in boys), dizziness and heart pain (more pronounced in girls). These data should be taken into account when assessing the state of children with high normal blood pressure and hypertension.

Financial toxicity and quality of life among people with chronic myeloid leukemia on tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

e18918 Background: Costs associated with treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), along with out of pocket (OOP) expenses related to cancer care, put CML patients at risk for financial toxicity (FT). Although FT is considered a side effect of many cancer treatments, little is known about how FT affects quality of life among CML patients treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs). In this study, we examined the association between FT, demographic factors, and health related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from a parent study examining adherence trajectories in people with CML treated with TKIs. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were used to describe the sample, assess demographic and disease-specific FT correlates, and assess the predictive value of FT on HRQOL. FT was assessed by the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST Facit V2; higher scores were better) along with the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). HRQOL was assessed using the EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D-5L) single summary index score. Results: Of the 118 participant sample, about half were male (52%), White (57%), married (53%), and currently employed (59%) with a mean age of 49. Most had some college credit (76%). Many reported making financial sacrifices because of cancer costs (42% reduced spending on vacation/leisure activities, 31% delayed large purchases, 24% reduced spending on basics like food and clothing, and 27% used savings set aside for other purposes). Most (62%) reported ever being worried about having to pay large medical bills related to their cancer and 15% reported borrowing money or going into debt to cover cancer care costs. About half (51%) reported never discussing OOP costs for cancer care with their doctor. Overall, participants reported low FT (mean = 25, standard deviation = 11), but approximately 26% of respondents noted FT levels associated with significant financial burden (COST &lt; 17.5). In bivariate analyses, greater FT was associated with Black race, not married/partnered status, unemployed, high school education or less, and lower income. FT was not significantly associated with gender or age. In multivariable models, FT was significantly associated with HRQOL index (β = 0.011, SE = 0.002, P &lt; 0.001) after adjusting for individual characteristics. Age (β = -.003, SE = 0.001, P = 0.01) and education (β = .125, SE = 0.05, P = 0.027) also seemed to be important correlates of HRQOL index. Conclusions: Financial concerns are a common worry for individuals receiving treatment for CML. The association between FT and HRQOL suggests a need for assessing and addressing FT as part of routine care of people with CML who are taking TKIs. Further work is needed to understand the longitudinal experience of FT of people with CML on continuous treatment to help identify individuals who are most in need of intervention across the treatment continuum.

ФИЗИЧЕСКОЕ И ДВИГАТЕЛЬНОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ДЕТЕЙ, ЛЕЧИВШИХСЯ ОТ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ, КАК ФАКТОР, ВЛИЯЮЩИЙ НА СВЯЗАННОЕ СО ЗДОРОВЬЕМ КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ

Article represents the results of the research undertaken to prove the relationship between the physical conditions of patients treated for oncological diseases (OD) and the decrease in their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Materials and methods used: 1564 children aged 6 to 18 y/o who have undergone rehabilitation at the “Russkoye pole” Clinical Rehabilitation Research Center for patients in remission with the National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev located in Grishenki village, Chekhovsky District, Moscow Oblast, Russia, after the complex treatment for OD from 2018 to 2021 participated in the research, of which 864 boys and 700 girls. The average age of the patients was 10.6+/-3.4 y/o, the average remission period was 5.4+/-2.7 years. The comparison group consisted of healthy siblings aged 6 to 18 y/o who stayed at the same facility and during the same period, a total of 238, of which 111 boys and 127 girls. The average age of the examined siblings was 10.2+/-2.4 y/o. The indicators of physical condition were tested as follows: anthropometry, strength endurance of muscles, tolerance to physical loads, development of motor skills. The PedsQL questionnaire was used for the HRQOL assessment. In order to build the mathematical models and to evaluate the statistically significant influence of factors, the classical linear regression models were used. The analysis of the relationship between groups of variables was carried out with the canonical correlation analysis. Comparison of children treated for OD and healthy children was carried out using the Welch's t-test. Results: all of the HRQOL indicators in all gender and age subgroups in children with OD were statistically significantly lower compared to healthy siblings. The most significant differences were obtained in the scale of physical functioning (p=0.001). A direct moderate relationship was found between HRQOL and a factor indicator for the physical condition (rcc=0.53), a direct moderate-weak relationship with a generalized measure of strength endurance (rcc=0.315) and a direct moderate relationship with motor skills (rcc=0.5). It was also found that a lag in the formation of basic motor skills had the greatest negative impact on the HRQOL of children treated for OD. Conclusion: the results of the research do confirm the role of physical condition in improving the patients’ quality of life. Continued research would allow developing a new tool for assessment of the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation for patients in this category.

Comparison of changes in health-related quality of life between elderly and non-elderly patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer.

Elderly people are thought to be more likely than their non-elderly counterparts to experience a decline in activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL) due to the onset and treatment of disease. In this study, we investigated whether there was an age-related difference in changes in health-related QOL indices after surgical resection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients who underwent elective surgery for primary CRC at our hospital between September 2017 and November 2021 were enrolled. Changes in QOL after surgery were evaluated after dividing the study population into a non-elderly (NE) group (younger than 75 years) and an elderly (E) group. A Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey was used as an index of QOL. The subscale and component summary scores before and 6 months after surgery were compared. Forty-seven patients were included in the E group and 166 patients were the NE group. The E group had significantly worse preoperative performance and physical status than the NE group. However, indices of physical function were not worsened after surgery in either group. In the NE group, there were significant decreases in role physical and role component summary scores and significant increases in general health, mental health, and mental component summary scores. In the E group, there were no significant changes in the subscale or component summary scores after surgery. Our study demonstrated elderly patient did not necessarily show a decline in QOL more than non-elderly patients after CRC surgery. Surgical resection for CRC should be considered even for elderly patients, while considering possible risk factors for worsening ADL and QOL.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with myasthenia gravis.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the pandemic on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), anxious-depressive symptoms, feelings of loneliness, and fear of COVID-19 between people with myasthenia gravis (MG) and healthy controls. We also wanted to know in which group the variable fear of COVID-19 interfered the most with the results. This cross-sectional study involved 60 people with MG and 60 healthy controls. Participants using an online platform completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Fear of COVID19 Scale (FCV- 19S). The MG group reported worse levels in HRQoL indicators (p = 0.043- <.001), more severe anxiety-depressive symptoms (p = 0.002), and greater fear of COVID-19 (p < 0.001), but there were no differences in feelings of loneliness (p = 0.002). Furthermore, after controlling for the effect of the fear of COVID-19 variable, the differences remained for physical health indicators, but not for the most of psychosocial indicators (Social Functioning p = 0.102, η2p = 0.023; Role Emotional p = 0.250, η2p = 0.011; and HADS Total p = 0.161, η2p = 0.017). The harmful effect of the COVID-19 pandemic was greater in the MG group, and the perceived fear of COVID-19 had also a greater impact among this group, which has increased its negative effect on their psychosocial health.

Applying latent profile analysis to identify adolescents and young adults with chronic conditions at risk for poor health-related quality of life

ABSTRACT The impact of chronic diseases on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is understudied. Latent profile analysis (LPA) can identify profiles of AYAs based on their HRQOL scores reflecting physical, mental, and social well-being. This paper will (1) demonstrate how to use LPA to identify profiles of AYAs based on their scores on multiple HRQOL indicators; (2) explore associations of demographic and clinical factors with LPA-identified HRQOL profiles of AYAs; and (3) provide guidance on the selection of adult or pediatric versions of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) in AYAs. A total of 872 AYAs with chronic conditions completed the adult and pediatric versions of PROMIS measures of anger, anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, social health, and physical function. The optimal number of LPA profiles was determined by model fit statistics and clinical interpretability. Multinomial regression models examined clinical and demographic factors associated with profile membership. As a result of the LPA, AYAs were categorized into 3 profiles: Minimal, Moderate, and Severe HRQOL Impact profiles. Comparing LPA results using either the pediatric or adult PROMIS T-scores found approximately 71% of patients were placed in the same HRQOL profiles. AYAs who were female, had hypertension, mental health conditions, chronic pain, and those on medication were more likely to be placed in the Severe HRQOL Impact Profile. Our findings may facilitate clinicians to screen AYAs who may have low HRQOL due to diseases or treatments with the identified risk factors without implementing the HRQOL assessment.

Analysis of quality of life indicators in medical students in the Sakhalin Oblast

Aim. To study the indicators of quality of life (QoL) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among medical university students.Materials and methods. In total, 114 people aged 18 to 23 years were included in the study. The participants were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 55 medical students (MS) of the Pacific State Medical University undergoing practical training in the city of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (Vladivostok, Russia). In this group, male and female respondents accounted for 41.8% (23) and 58.2% (32), respectively. Group 2 included 59 students of non-medical education (NMS) from the Sakhalin State University (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia), with 49.28% (29) male and 50.8% (30) female respondents. The effect of socio-economic factors on HRQoL indicators was determined, along with the main predictors in their decrease.Results. In the structure of diseases defining the 2nd and 3A health groups, diseases of class IX prevailed. Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) were detected in 12% and 24.4% of MS and NMS, respectively. The diseases of class XI were ranked second. Thus, digestive diseases (K00-K93) accounted for 47.8%, and ophthalmic diseases (H00-H59) accounted for 35.5%. A significant physical dysfunction was identified in more than 3% of respondents; 99% of respondents reported a decrease in working capacity. Among MS, 1.7% of respondents demonstrated signs of depression and suffered from pain of varying intensity (44.5%). A decreased social activity was observed in 4% of NMS respondents.Conclusion. The data of QoL monitoring can be used for developing a multi-level scoring system for preventing health disorders among university students. Proposals were made concerning healthy lifestyle management. The model of dynamic monitoring of the health of university students exposed to various risk factors was supplemented. An individual route for rehabilitation and disease prevention for university students was developed based on the study of QoL.

Sex and gender differences in treatment intention, quality of life and performance status in the first 100 patients with periampullary cancer enrolled in the CHAMP study

BackgroundPeriampullary cancer is a term for cancers arising in or in close proximity to the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer is the 3rd leading cause of cancer death for both sexes and while surgery is the only option for cure, chemotherapy is given in both the adjuvant and palliative settings. The aim of this study was to investigate any sex and gender differences in patients with pancreatic and other periampullary adenocarcinomas enrolled in a prospective, observational trial.MethodsThe study cohort consists of the first 100 patients, 49 women and 51 men, enrolled in the Chemotherapy, Host Response and Molecular dynamics in Periampullary cancer (CHAMP) study, an ongoing study of patients undergoing neoadjuvant, adjuvant or first-line palliative chemotherapy treatment. Twenty-five patients had surgery with curative intent and subsequent adjuvant treatment, and 75 patients were treated with palliative chemotherapy. Data regarding health-related quality of life (HRQoL, EORTC-QLQ-C30) at baseline, demographic and clinicopathological factors were examined and stratification by treatment intention according to sex. Overall survival (OS) was calculated through Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference between male and female patients treated with curative intent, with fewer women having undergone surgery (18 vs 7, p = 0.017), also after adjustment for age, tumor location and performance status. No statistical differences were found between the sexes regarding age, comorbidities, or clinicopathological factors. Before start of chemotherapy treatment, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was lower in female than in male patients. However, HRQoL was not associated with performance status in female patients, whereas in male patients several HRQoL indicators were significantly positively associated with poorer performance status at baseline.ConclusionsThis study shows no clear differences between the sexes regarding biological factors concluding that gender bias might be responsible for the discrepancy between men and women being offered curative surgery. The observed difference between women and men regarding the association between HRQoL and performance status is unprecedented. Altogether these findings underline the importance of taking gender into consideration when assessing eligibility for curative surgery in order to improve biological outcome and decrease suffering in both sexes.Trial registrationNCT03724994.

Quality of life in 13-year-olds depending on health status, residential neighbourhood deprivation and social capital - results from the Polish HBSC Study 2010-2018.

Health-related quality of life (HRQL) should be used more extensively in monitoring the health of school-aged children. The presented study aimed to evaluate trends in KIDSCREEN-10 indices, considering mean scores and the level of social inequalities. 3,937 children aged 13 participated in three Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) cross-sectional surveys conducted in Poland between 2010-2018. Subgroups were distinguished according to gender, health status, and three social factors (family affluence, neighbourhood social capital, and local deprivation). The average KIDSCREEN-10 index value was equal to: 22.36±4.54; 25.41±6.75; and 24.74±6.53 in 2010, 2014, and 2018,respectively. However, in 2018 no deterioration was recorded in boys, in poorer families or in regions with high social capital. The improvement in HRQL in 2014 was accompanied by an increase in disparities in health status and family wealth, as well as a decrease in disparities in local deprivation. An especially high increase in Glass index values was recorded for neighbourhood social capital (increasing from 0.542 in 2010 to 0.938 in 2018). The multivariate general linear model revealed the main effect of the year of the study, gender, chronic disease status, and the three social factors, as well as six significant 2-way interactions. Changes in the well-being of adolescents should be tracked over time using HRQL indices with proven psychometric properties. The level of social inequalities faced by young people should be included in policies and when designing interventions. The relevant initiatives should be targeted at different populations in order to properly address the needs of different groups of children and adolescents.

Subjective Cognitive Decline Is Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life in the Middle-Aged to Elderly Population.

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered to be a preliminary stage of dementia, and its prevalence is increasing with age. We aimed to study the association of SCD with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a large population-based sample. We analyzed data of the first 10,000 participants from the Hamburg City Health Study in Germany, a single center prospective cohort study, aged between 45 and 74 years that scored higher than 25 points in the Mini-Mental State Examination and had no known pre-existing dementia. HRQoL was assessed by the EQ-5D-5 L index, as well as the mental (MCS) and physical component summary (PCS) score of the Short Form-8. We computed linear regression analyses with 99% bias-corrected and accelerated (BCa) confidence intervals (CI) from 10,000 bootstrap samples to investigate the association between SCD and different indicators of HRQoL, while controlling for depression (PHQ-9), age, sex, and education as potential confounders. Of 7,799 eligible participants (mean (SD) age 62.01 (8.41) years, 51.1% female), 3,708 (47.5%) reported SCD. Participants with SCD were older (62.7 versus 61.4 years) and more frequently female (54.2% versus 48.2%). SCD was independently associated with a lower EQ-5D-5 L index (β=-0.01, 99% BCa CI = [-0.020, -0.003], p < 0.001) and PCS (β=-1.00, 99% BCa CI = [-1.48, -0.51], p < 0.001) but not with MCS score. In a population of middle-aged to elderly participants, there is a significant negative association between SCD and HRQoL across different instruments of HRQoL measurement independent of depression, demographics, and education.

Factors associated with academic performance in adolescents from La Rioja (Spain): lifestyle habits, health indicators, and sociodemographic factors

Introduction: academic performance is influenced by numerous factors, some personal and others contextual in nature, which also have a close relationship with the health of students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship and influence of lifestyle habits, various physical and psychosocial health indicators, and sociodemographic variables on academic performance. Method: the study was carried out on a sample of 761 students (14.51 ± 1.63 years old) from 25 educational centers in a region of northern Spain. Academic performance was assessed, as well as health-related quality of life, self-esteem, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, hours of nocturnal sleep, level of physical activity, environment for the practice of physical activity, participation in extra-curricular sports activities, maximum oxygen consumption, body mass index, and various sociodemographic factors. Results: being male, having immigrant origins, as well as having a low/medium socioeconomic level, a cardiorespiratory capacity in the risk zone, lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and lower health-related quality of life indices were associated with lower academic performance, explaining up to 14 % of its variance according to the regression analysis. Likewise, adolescents with higher self-esteem, lower body mass index, females, those who lived in a favorable environment for physical activity practice, engaged in extra-curricular physical activity, and had a higher number of hours of nocturnal sleep showed higher levels of academic performance. Conclusions: interventions aimed at combating academic failure should take into account the aforementioned associated factors, with special emphasis on the most vulnerable groups such as males, those with lower socioeconomic status, and those who follow unhealthy lifestyle habits.

The Psychosocial Well-being of Children with Fragile X Syndrome: Psychopathology, Autism Spectrum Disorder Comorbidity and the Role of Caregivers' Perceived Social Support

Objective: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a rare genetic disease that can have several intellectual and developmental disabilities. Here, we aim to examine psychopathology in children with FXS and investigate the relationship between children's psychosocial well-being and socio-demographic factors, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comorbidity, and the type and level of caregivers' perceived social support. Materials and Method: Twenty-six children aged 5-18 years with FXS and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were included. DSM-5-based clinical interviews were conducted with all participants. We also collected parent ratings of health-related quality of life indexes and perceived social support levels and types. Results: The mean age of children with FXS was 10.9 ± 3.5 years, and the mean age of healthy comparisons (HC, n= 26) was 11.8 ± 2.6 years. In the FXS group, 84.6% had comorbid psychiatric disorders, and 65.3% had intellectual disability. FXS group displayed lower psychosocial and total quality of life scores than the HC group. Also, there was significant positive correlations between childrens' psychosocial well-being and "significant others" (rp = 0.502, p = 0.009) and total perceived support scores (rp = 0.448, p = 0.022). The most influential factor related to the psychosocial well-being in children with FXS was ASD comorbidity (F= 30.6, R2, 0.543, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Providing support to mothers of children with FXS may positively affect the children's health outcomes, especially psychosocial well-being.

AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG WESTERN CANADIAN NURSING HOME RESIDENTS

Abstract Nursing homes (NHs) typically focus on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among residents aged 65 and over despite approximately 7% of NH residents are younger (aged 18-64). Research suggests that the needs of younger NH residents are not being met and they may have low HRQoL. However, differences in HRQoL of younger and older NH residents may not be apparent in studies that use HRQoL measures designed for research with older NH residents. We hypothesized that the younger residents would have lower HRQoL mean scores than the older (aged ≥ 65) residents using a HRQoL measure based on the HRQoL score derived from Resident Assessment Instrument – Minimum Data Set 2.0 items. The measure uses items that emphasize physical aspects of quality of life rather than social aspects. In a sample of 21,129 residents from 94 NHs in Western Canada, we performed descriptive analyses, t-test, chi-square test, and an adjusted propensity score (PS) analysis through retrospective cohort study from years 2016 to 2017. The HRQoL index score ranged from -.351 to .996 (Mean= 0.693, SD=0.265). In the PS model, the adjusted mean score for younger was higher than for older adults with a mean difference at 0.061 (95% CI 0.031, 0.091) (p&amp;lt;.001). Other domains such as mental health condition of quality of life must be examined in younger NH residents because it is a crucial factor influencing their daily lives, thereby we can explore a more complete set of HRQoL domains of them and redesign care for their unique needs.

Health related quality of life and factors relevant to return to work in cancer survivors after hospital discharge: a descriptive cross-sectional study

PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional relationship between cancer survivors’ return-to-work (RTW) status and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) following cancer diagnosis and treatment.MethodsA questionnaire survey, which included three standardized HR-QOL instruments, was carried out among Japanese cancer survivors at their first follow-up appointment following hospital discharge. Participants were recruited by nurse investigators from 2016 to 2017 at their respective inpatient units. Statistical analyses were performed on the gathered data.ResultsAnalysis of 94 returned questionnaires showed that symptom-related interference, physical function, mental function, and health and functioning, which were indicators of HR-QOL, and the factor “work category” were significantly associated with RTW status although symptoms, subjective well-being, and the other social background factors showed no statistically significant relationship with RTW status. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that only the factor “work category,” which consisted of “physical” and “mental” work, had a significant effect on RTW status.ConclusionsRTW status was associated with work category, symptom-related interference, physical function, mental function, and health and functioning; however, only the factor “work category” had significant influence. This study suggests that helping cancer survivors return to work considering the work category they are engaging is important. At that time interventions that are focused on the individual health functioning including physical and mental functions in preference to social background factors may get to be valuable.

Patient Satisfaction and Oral Health-related Quality of Life (ohrqol) of Edentulous People after Mandibular Denture Relining With a Soft-liner Material: A Pilot Study

Background: Oral health-related quality of life indicators have been effectively used to assess the influence of a range of dental treatments and interventions on patient satisfaction and acceptance. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the relining of mandibular dentures with a soft-liner material, using the Oral Health Assessment Index (OHIP-14). Methods: Forty-two full denture wearers were selected from patients who attended 9 private prosthetic clinics in New South Wales, Australia. All participants had their lower dentures relined with a soft-liner material, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Oral health-related quality of life was evaluated before and 1 month after relining using the Oral Health Assessment Index questionnaire. A simple descriptive quantitative analysis of the survey results was undertaken, including a comparison of median scores using the Wilcoxon paired test and binomial probability test. Results: In all the outcome variables measured, there was a noticeable positive effect from the denture relining. Specifically, mandibular denture relining with a silicon-based soft-liner material has a positive impact on patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of edentulous patients. Conclusion: Patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of edentulous patients can be significantly improved by the use of soft-liner materials.

Association between physical activity and health-related quality of life: time to deterioration model analysis in lung adenocarcinoma

Background and purpose Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key aspect of care for cancer survivors that can be improved by physical activity. Our aim was to explore the relationship between physical activity and time to deterioration (TTD) of the HRQoL in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).MethodsWe conducted a hospital-based prospective study. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire long-form (IPAQ-L) was used to investigate the pre-treatment physical activity levels, and the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire version 3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer (EORTC QLQ-LC13) were used to assess HRQoL at baseline and during follow-up. The QoLR package was used to calculate the HRQoL scores and determine TTD events (minimal clinically important difference=5 points). The effect of physical activity on the HRQoL was assessed using Cox regression analysis.ResultsFor EORTC QLQ-C30, TTD events of physical functioning (PF) and dyspnea (DY) in functional scales and symptom scales were the most common during follow-up. Pre-treatment physical activity was found to significantly delay TTD of insomnia (HR=0.635, 95%CI: 0.437–0.922, P=0.017) and diarrhea (HR=0.475, 95%CI: 0.291–0.774, P=0.003). For EORTC QLQ-LC13 scales, deterioration of dyspnea (LC-DY) was the most common event. Physical activity was found to delay the TTD of dyspnea (HR=0.654, 95%CI: 0.474–0.903, P=0.010), sore mouth (HR=0.457, 95%CI: 0.244–0.856, P=0.015), and dysphagia (HR=0.315, 95%CI: 0.172–0.580, P<0.001).ConclusionsPre-treatment physical activity of LUAD patients may delay the TTD of multiple HRQoL indicators in EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC13.Implication for Cancer SurvivorsHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key aspect of care for cancer survivors (someone who is living with or beyond cancer), that can be improved by physical activity. Our aim was to explore the relationship between physical activity and time to deterioration (TTD) of the HRQoL in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).