Health-promoting Components Research Articles

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction method of phenolic compounds in Extra-Virgin Olive Oils (EVOOs) by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS)

ABSTRACT There is an increasing trend in the consumption of extra virgin olive oil, owing to its health benefits. These health benefits are mainly correlated to health-promoting phenolic components. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenolic compositions of extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) obtained from Delice and Memecik olive varieties from the south Aegean coastal area of Turkey by ultrasonic-assisted extraction method using ultra performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). EVOO samples were analyzed by a rapid and effective UPLC-MS/MS equipped with electrospray ionization. UPLC analysis results showed that luteolin was high quantity, and p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and caffeic acid were detected in abundant amounts.

EVALUACIÓN DE LA PERCEPCIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN EN PROMOCIÓN DE LA SALUD Y ESTILOS DE VIDA DE ESTUDIANTES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE TOLIMA

Introducción: El trabajo de Investigación, caracteriza el estado actual de las acciones en promoción en salud que ofrece la Universidad del Tolima a los estudiantes de pregrado de los programas de medicina, enfermería y Licenciatura en educación física en la modalidad presencial de la Universidad del Tolima, al ser estos estudiantes quienes por el currículo de sus programas reciben componentes de promoción de la salud y cómo estas acciones han influido en los hábitos de vida de la comunidad. 
 Objetivo: describir la percepción que tienen los estudiantes del área de pregrado presencial pertenecientes a los programas de Enfermería, Medicina y Educación Física; de las acciones educativas en promoción de la Salud ofrecidas por la Universidad del Tolima, y cómo han influido en la adquisición o no de hábitos saludables. 
 Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal, se indagó sobre las variables: percepción sobre la promoción de la salud, consultorio universitario, accidentalidad, consumo de tabaco, alcohol/ sustancias psicoactivas, alimentación, salud sexual y reproductiva; fue aplicado a un total de 323 estudiantes, la información recolectada se ingresó a la aplicación del paquete estadístico INFOSTAT. La investigación fue realizada entre los años 2013 y 2014. 
 Resultados y Conclusiones: los datos encontrados son un punto de partida para la implementación y fortalecimiento de los programas de salud, como el de Universidad Saludable y otros proyectos que permitan la participación de todos los estamentos y la consolidación de lazos con otras instituciones que sean marco de referencia en estos temas.

Ethnomedicine and ethnobotany of Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf

BackgroundWild edible plants are valuable resources for improving food and nutritional security. Besides, they may provide important health benefits since the health-promoting components of plant-based foods usually exist at higher levels in wild plants. As a result, they are being sought as under-exploited potential sources of a health-promoting diet or a possible strategy to develop novel foods. In such exploration, ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal data offer a fundamental step. The present study provides ethnomedicinal data on Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf (Capparidaceae).MethodsThe ethnomedicinal data was collected from the Kunama ethnics of northern Ethiopia via focus group discussion and oral interview. Supporting ethnobotanical data from relevant literature was also compiled and systematically reviewed.ResultsThe results show that M. subcordata tuber is used by the Kunamas to manage malaria, malaria symptoms (fever, pain, gastrointestinal disorders), and seasonal cough while leaves are used for wound healing. In east Africa, its triple potential use as water purifying agent, food item, and herbal medicine was specified. As a herbal medicine, the tuber is used to manage a wide range of disorders including pain, infections, wounds, diabetes, blood pressure, and loss of appetite. Its use as laxative and abortifacient was also indicated. Leaves are used to treat wounds and ophthalmic and respiratory problems. As a food item, fruits are eaten during times of both food scarcity and food abundance while the tuber is used as a famine food.ConclusionIn East Africa, M. subcordata represents a wild food and medicinal plant, which may be developed into a functional food.

New triploids late-maturing mandarins as a rich source of antioxidant compounds

Juices from nine new late-season triploid mandarins (Tania-46 (1), Tania-47 (2), Omet (3), Albir (4), Tania-48 (5), Tania-43 (6), Tania-44 (7), Coral (8), and Matiz (9), and from their parents were analyzed for mainly internal quality attributes, vitamin C, total phenolics, flavonoids, phenolic, and organic acids. Antioxidant activity was measured by three methods, the DPPH free radical-scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) test, and ABTS analysis. All the new hybrids exhibited high internal and nutritional quality which may be considerate rich sources of phytochemicals. Among the nine varieties, Tania-48 hybrid was shown to be the richest in vitamin C, flavanones (hesperidin, eriocitrin, and neoeriocitrin), polymethoxyflavones, and malic and succinic acids. Furthermore, the juice of this new triploid hybrid displayed high antioxidant capacity which may make it important for human diet as a source of health-promoting components. On the other hand, Tania-44, Tania-48, and Tania-43 fruit juices exhibited greater content of eriocitrin and neoeriocitrin than the others.

Polyphenol Compounds and Biological Activity of Caper (Capparis spinosa L.) Flowers Buds.

The aim of the study was to analyze potential health-promoting components of caper flower buds (Capparis spinosa L.) at six stages of development in two cultivars. Polyphenol compounds (flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavan-3-ols) were identified by Liquid Chromatography– quadrupole Time–of–Flight –Mass Spectrofotometer/Mass Spectrofotometer (LC-qTOF-MS/MS) and quantified by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Photodiode Array-Fluorescence Detector (UPLC-PDA-FL). Moreover, antioxidant properties (ABTS+•, FRAP, and ORAC), anti-diabetic potential (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and anti-aging activity (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE)) of the buds were examined. Total phenolic compounds in the investigated caper varied from 10,720 to 3256 mg/100 g dry weight (DW), and depended on a genotype and growing stage of caper flowers. Among six different growing stages, the one named ‘nonpareilles’ was characterized by significantly higher content of polyphenols than the remaining five stages. The flavonols in caper flowers represented a mixture of different glycosylated quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, and isorhamnetin derivatives, accounting for 38%–67%, 15%–36%, 4%–7%, and 0.8%–3%, respectively, of total flavonols,. Their contents strongly depended on the growth stage. ‘Nonpareilles’ and ‘surfines’ were richer in flavonols than ‘fines’ and ‘gruesas’. Of the six investigated growth stages, ‘nonpareilles’ accumulated the greatest amounts of bioactive compounds that correlated with antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties, and were more potent BuChE than AChE inhibitors.

Macronutrient deprivation eustress elicits differential secondary metabolites in red and green-pigmented butterhead lettuce grown in a closed soilless system.

Through precise control of the nutrient solution (NS), closed soilless systems enable targeted manipulation of plant secondary metabolites, which constitute health-promoting components of the human daily diet. A nutrient film technique (NFT) system was employed to assess the effect of NS macronutrient-based concentration (full, half-, and quarter-strength corresponding to electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.5, 0.75, and 0.5 dS m-1 ) on the bioactive profile of red and green-pigmented Salanova® butterhead lettuce. Half-strength NS reduced fresh biomass of both cultivars by 14%, whereas quarter-strength NS reduced the fresh biomass of green and red Salanova by 24% and 38%, respectively. However, moderate nutrient stress (half-strength NS) boosted red Salanova total ascorbic acid, chlorogenic, chicoric, caffeoyl-meso-tartaric, total phenolic acids, and anthocyanins concentrations by 266%, 199%, 124%, 251%, 162%, and 380%, respectively compared with the control, full-strength NS. Nutritional eustress and appropriate cultivar selection are effective means to increase phytochemical content and optimize year-round production of lettuce in closed soilless systems. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Vine Waste Valorisation: Integrated Approach for the Prospection of Bioactive Lipophilic Phytochemicals.

Substantial amounts of vine wastes are produced during vineyard management, and the chemical profiling of high-value lipophilic phytochemicals is becoming crucial in order to find a complementary route towards their integrated valorisation. The prospection of bioactive phytochemicals from unripe grape, vine shoot, vine cane, stalk and leaf dichloromethane extracts was carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), analysing samples from a mixture of four red Vitis vinifera L. varieties (Baga, Aragonez, Água Santa and Shiraz), collected at Bairrada Appellation, as a representative case study of typical multi-variety Portuguese vineyards. Vine wastes showed distinct amounts of lipophilic extract, ranging from 0.68% (vine canes) to 13.35% (vine leaves) at dry weight (dw). Thirty-three components were identified, including fatty acids and alcohols, sterols and triterpenoids accounting for amounts from 118.9 mg/100 g dw to 1512.0 mg/100 g dw. The integrated study revealed that unripe grape, stalk and leaf dichloromethane extracts stood out as possible sources of triterpenic compounds (103.2 to 653.5 mg/100 g dw), with lupeol, ursolic and oleanolic acids prevailing. Leaf extract is also reported as an undervalued source of α-tocopherol, as the major component detected in this matrix (300.5 mg/100 g dw). These exploratory results are a relevant contribution for the exploitation of undervalued vine residues as a source of health-promoting components with the potential to be used as supplements or nutraceutical ingredients.

Social impact of a corporate social responsibility initiative

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the social impact of an initiative (Hockey FIT) aimed at improving the health and well-being of sport fans and their community.Design/methodology/approachFans (n=80) participated in 12 weekly health promotion sessions hosted in local hockey club facilities. Objective health measurements, diet and physical activity levels of fans were measured at baseline, 12 weeks and 12 months, to determine the intermediate, long-term, individual and community impact. Furthermore, one-on-one interviews with 28 program participants were conducted to further understand the program’s social impact.FindingsThe intermediate impact was noticed as improvements in weight loss, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (BP), steps per day, healthful eating, self-reported overall health and fatty food scores at 12 weeks. The long-term individual impact of Hockey FIT was realized as participants maintained or continued to improve their weight loss, waist circumference, healthful eating, systolic BP and diastolic BP 12 months after the program had been offered. The program was also reported to increase family bonding time and improved the diet, daily physical activity, and general awareness of health promotion programs and components for friends, family members and coworkers.Originality/valueThe positive health-related results from this study contradict prior research that has suggested there is minimal evidence of any substantial contributions from social programs in sport. Through a collective approach to corporate social responsibility, this research demonstrates the ability for sport organizations to contribute to meaningful social change and the positive role that they play within the community.

Equipping youth for meaningful policy engagement: an environmental scan.

To better address the mental health and substance use crises facing youth globally, a comprehensive approach, inclusive of mental health promotion is needed. A key component of mental health promotion is policy intervention to address the social and structural determinants of health. Importantly, youth should be engaged in these efforts to maximize relevancy and impact. Yet, while there is growing interest in the inclusion of youth in the policymaking process, there is a paucity of guidance on how to do this well. This environmental scan reports findings from a comprehensive search of academic and grey literature that was conducted using the electronic databases: CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Google. Search terms included variations of ‘youth*’, ‘educat*’, ‘engage*’, ‘policy’ and ‘policy training’. Thirteen English language training programmes met inclusion criteria. Analysis identified marked differences in programme philosophy and focus by geographic region and highlights the need for enhanced evaluation and impact measurement moving forward. This paper makes a needed contribution to the evidence-base guiding this key mental health promotion strategy, which holds the potential to address critical gaps in approaches to youth mental health and substance use.

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Main Fruits, Tubers and Legumes Traditionally Consumed in the Andean Regions of Ecuador as a Source of Health-Promoting Compounds.

Thirteen fruits, eight legumes and three tubers consumed in the Andean regions of Ecuador were studied to determine their bioactive compounds, organic acids, sugars content, total antioxidant capacity, as well as to determine which among them showed the greatest contribution in terms of antioxidant activity and which compounds contributed to it. Among fruits, taxo fruits (Passiflora mollissima (Kunth) L.H. Bailey) presented the highest values of total phenolic, carotene content, and total antioxidant capacity. The ají ratón (Capsicum chinense Jacq) showed the highest content of vitamin C. Taxo showed the highest content of β carotene, whilst lycopene was identified only in guayaba fruits (Psidium guajava L.) and ají ratón was the principal source of lutein. In legumes, chocho perla (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) showed the highest values for both total phenolic and flavonoid content, whilst frejol negro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and frejol canario (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) showed the highest values for FRAP and DPPH assay, respectively. Between tubers, the jícama (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H. Rob.) had the majors values in terms of total phenolic, flavonoid content, and total antioxidant capacity. In terms of total antioxidant capacity, taxo fruits have the highest contribution in terms of total antioxidant capacity, whilst the dendogram shown the occurrence of five distinct groups in which taxo was located in the first largest group. Our data contributing towards gaining better knowledge about the Andean Ecuadorian diet and the composition of Andean food in order to estimate dietary intakes of health-promoting components.

Health-Promoting Components in Fermented Foods: An Up-to-Date Systematic Review

Health-Promoting Components in Fermented Foods: An Up-to-Date Systematic Review

Health-Promoting Components in Fermented Foods: An Up-to-Date Systematic Review.

Fermented foods have long been produced according to knowledge passed down from generation to generation and with no understanding of the potential role of the microorganism(s) involved in the process. However, the scientific and technological revolution in Western countries made fermentation turn from a household to a controlled process suitable for industrial scale production systems intended for the mass marketplace. The aim of this paper is to provide an up-to-date review of the latest studies which investigated the health-promoting components forming upon fermentation of the main food matrices, in order to contribute to understanding their important role in healthy diets and relevance in national dietary recommendations worldwide. Formation of antioxidant, bioactive, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and FODMAP-reducing components in fermented foods are mainly presented and discussed. Fermentation was found to increase antioxidant activity of milks, cereals, fruit and vegetables, meat and fish. Anti-hypertensive peptides are detected in fermented milk and cereals. Changes in vitamin content are mainly observed in fermented milk and fruits. Fermented milk and fruit juice were found to have probiotic activity. Other effects such as anti-diabetic properties, FODMAP reduction, and changes in fatty acid profile are peculiar of specific food categories.

Self-Care Habits of Undergraduate Nursing Students at University of Lahore

Self-care is a dynamic decision to take an interest in the activities that are known to build general physical, emotional, mental, social, spiritual well-being, improving inspiration, struggle for ideal wellbeing with support to change the way of life to move toward a condition of ideal wellbeing. Cross-sectional descriptive research design was used to conduct the study. Sample (n=133) was taken from nursing institutes by using convenient sampling. 5 point Likert scale base self-administered questionnaire was used for the collection of data. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Ethical clearance was obtained before research. One sample T test was applied. Nursing students have positive self-care habits as P value regarding self-care habits is significance (p=.000). The study of self-care practices is an important component of health promotion and disease prevention . Students have positive self-care habits related to health.It is clear stated that nursing students have adequate knowledge about self-care habits.

Exploring consensus across sectors for measuring the social determinants of health.

The importance of social determinants of health (SDOH) —such as affordable housing, stable employment, consistent transportation, healthy food access, and quality schools—is well-established as a key component of chronic disease prevention and health promotion. Increasingly, practitioners within and beyond public health are collaborating to implement such strategies, part of which involves measuring their impacts over time. This study assesses the current state of SDOH measurement across sectors by systematically identifying how many and what kinds of tools exist and whether there is consensus around SDOH categories and indicators selected.This study revealed that while numerous SDOH measurement resources exist, relatively few are tools for measuring the SDOH. Although the SDOH categories being measured could be readily summarized across tools, there was wide variation in the particular SDOH categories included in each tool. Finally, remarkably little consensus exists for the specific indicators used to measure SDOH categories. While complete consensus across tools may not be possible, learning how different sectors measure SDOH and more systematically aligning SDOH categories and indicators being measured will enable greater collaboration and deepen the impacts of place-based interventions to improve community health and well-being.

Summative Content Analysis for Understanding of Romantic Relationships Among Rural Mexican American Adolescent Women

An understanding of romantic relationships among adolescent Mexican-American females is lacking yet needed to provide culturally appropriate sexual health interventions. Although explored among other populations, romantic relationships among adolescents in rural settings is under-studied. This study explores romantic relationships for rural Mexican American female adolescents as a component of sexual health promotion. Rural Mexican-American adolescent females (n = 82) aged 14–18 years were recruited via convenience sampling at a rural health clinic. They completed open-ended individual interviews describing romantic relationships. Responses to open-ended questions were analyzed using summative content analysis. The majority reported sexual activity (62.2%) of which 23.5% had been pregnant. Summative content analyses identified personal characteristics and relationship characteristics as main categories with eight additional subcategories from responses. Sex was reported as what men wanted from women while physical attractiveness was perceived as important for both genders in development of romantic relationships. They prioritized other relational and personal characteristic such as integrity, and partner treatment of self and others. More obesity was present among those reportedly in romantic relationships. Description of parental roles as a component of romantic relationships was not present. Addressing adolescent romantic relationship with an emphasis on what male and female adolescents want or perceive as expected from relationships, long-term outcomes of relationships and on parental roles may enhance sexual health among rural Mexican-American adolescent populations. This study addresses a gap in literature by exploring romantic relationships for rural Mexican American female adolescents. This understanding of romantic relationships augments existing sexual health programing for these adolescents.

Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of four rose hip species from spontaneous Sicilian flora

The morphological characteristics and health-promoting components (anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid) together with the in-vitro antioxidant capacity of hips collected from four rose species (Rosa canina, R. corymbifera, R. micrantha, and R. sempervirens) growing in Sicily (South Italy) were evaluated. The results revealed significant variability among the rose species as the hips collected from R. canina and R. sempervirens exhibited the highest total polyphenol contents (6784.5 and 6241.2 mg GAE/100 g DW, respectively) and highest antioxidant activities, whereas R. canina and R. micrantha hips had the highest total anthocyanin contents (2.94 and 3.86 mg CGE/100 g DW, respectively). The data showed that the analysed Sicilian rose hips have good nutritional quality, making them suitable as functional foods according to their biochemical composition and as promising sources of natural antioxidants. Also, these findings confirm that rose pseudo-fruits contain significant amounts of secondary metabolites that may positively affect human health.

School-based mental health promotion in children and adolescents with StresSOS using online or face-to-face interventions: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial within the ProHEAD Consortium

BackgroundSchools are an ideal setting in which to promote health. However, empirical data on the effectiveness of school-based mental health promotion programs are rare, and research on universal Internet-based prevention in schools is almost non-existent. Following the life skills approach, stress management training is an important component of health promotion. Mental health literacy is also associated with mental health status, and it facilitates formal help-seeking by children and adolescents (C&A). The main objectives of this study are (1) the development and evaluation of an Internet-based version of a universal school-based health promotion program called StresSOS and (2) demonstrating non-inferiority of the online setting compared to the face-to-face setting. StresSOS aims to improve stress management and mental health literacy in C&A.Methods/designA school-based sample of 15,000 C&A (grades 6–13 and older than 12 years) will be recruited in five regions of Germany within the ProHEAD Consortium. Those with a screening result at baseline indicating no mental health problems will be invited to participate in a randomized controlled trial comparing StresSOS online to an active online control condition (Study A). In addition, 420 adolescents recruited as a separate school-based sample will participate in the StresSOS face-to-face intervention. Participants in both intervention groups (online or face-to-face) will receive the same eight treatment modules to allow for the comparison of both methods of delivery (Study B). The primary outcome is the number of C&A with symptoms of mental health problems at a 12 months follow-up. Secondary outcomes are related to stress/coping (i.e., knowledge, symptoms of stress, coping resources), mental health literacy (knowledge and attitudes toward mental disorders and help-seeking), program usage patterns, cost-effectiveness, and acceptability of the intervention.DiscussionThis study represents the first adequately powered non-inferiority trial in the area of school-based mental health promotion. If online StresSOS proves efficacious and non-inferior to face-to-face delivery, this offers great potential for health promotion in youths, both in and outside the school environment.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00014693. Registered on 14 May 2018.

Nutritional value of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in hot climates: anthocyanins, carotenoids, and steroidal glycoalkaloids.

Growth in hot climates selectively alters potato tuber secondary metabolism-such as the anthocyanins, carotenoids, and glycoalkaloids-changing its nutritive value and the composition of health-promoting components. Potato breeding for improved nutritional value focuses mainly on increasing the health-promoting carotenoids and anthocyanins, and controlling toxic steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs). Metabolite levels are genetically determined, but developmental, tissue-specific, and environmental cues affect their final content. Transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches were applied to monitor carotenoid, anthocyanin, and SGA metabolite levels and their biosynthetic genes' expression under heat stress. The studied cultivars differed in tuberflesh carotenoid concentration and peel anthocyanin concentration. Gene expression studies showed heat-induced downregulation of specific genes for SGA, anthocyanin, and carotenoid biosynthesis. KEGG database mapping of the heat transcriptome indicated reduced gene expression for specific metabolic pathways rather than a global heat response. Targeted metabolomics indicated reduced SGA concentration, but anthocyanin pigments concentration remained unchanged, probably due to their stabilization in the vacuole. Total carotenoid level did not change significantly in potato tuber flesh, but their composition did. Results suggest that growth in hot climates selectively alters tuber secondary metabolism, changing its nutritive value and composition of health-promoting components.

Trwałe, niepasteryzowane napoje na bazie soku brzozowego

Introduction. Birch tree sap, as a perishable food, can not be consumed longer than a few days after collecting. This fact limits the use of the nutritional value of the sap. The presence of a number of biologically active substances, sensitive to high temperature, causes that the methods for increasing birch sap shelf life alternative to pasteurization are tested. Aim. The aim of the study was to develop an unpasteurized, non-perishable and easy to prepare birch sap-based beverages, characterized by a beneficial taste and improved pro-health properties. Material and Methods. Birch tree sap was collected in March 2016 using the drilling technique. In order to extend the shelf life, chemical additives were used in quantities allowed by food legislation – citric and lactic acid (0.5%) and potassium sorbate (0.03%). The additions improving the taste were fruit syrup and multiflower honey (10%). The storage test was carried out for one month at room temperature and refrigeration conditions. The optical density changes were monitored at three-day intervals. Results. By preparing beverages with additives extending shelf life and improving taste, several days until the entire storage test period stability was achieved, depending on the temperature conditions of storage. It was also found that the shelf life of birch sap-based unpasteurised beverages depends on the time of sap collecting. Conclusions. The most-preferred birch sap-based beverage for individual consumers, with three weeks shelf life in refrigerated conditions, was obtained by the adding a lactic acid (0.5%) and a health-promoting component – honey (10%). The most favorable for the food industry is a birch sap-based beverage with the addition of food acids, potassium sorbate and fruit syrup. Its shelf life is at least a month, regardless of the temperature conditions of storage. However, the shelf life of this beverage is influenced by the time of sap collecting. It should be as short as possible to obtain the highest storage shelf life, while not risking damage to the tree.

Monitoring of Chemical Changes in Red Lentil Seeds during The Germination Process

Abstract Red lentils are a very important raw material in the food industry due to their high protein content and high level of health-promoting components. The nutritive value of red lentils is the most important attribute from a research point of view; it can be increased by germination, soaking as well as physical and biochemical processes. The antinutritive materials are reduced or denatured by the germination process and indigestible components become available to the human body. Heat treatment was applied to achieve different temperatures and increase the microbiological stability of germinating samples. The effect of heat treatment on the amounts of certain components and the activity of oxidative enzymes was tested during our experiments; the nutritional characteristics (water-soluble total polyphenol content (WSTPC), water-soluble protein content (WSPC), water-soluble antioxidant capacity, in addition to peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities) of different treatments in red lentil samples were monitored. The WSTPC in our samples ranged from 0.726 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent GAE/g DW (DW being dry weight) to 1.089 mg GAE/g DW, and the WSPC varied from 19.078 g / 100g DW to 29.692 g / 100 g DW. Results showed that germination led to an increase in the WSTPC and WSPC. The peroxidase enzyme activity also exhibited an increase during germination which could result in deepening of the colour of the finished products. Germination resulted in the water-soluble antioxidant capacity of red lentil samples decreasing.