Participation In Health Programs Research Articles

Ensuring equitable access, engagement and ability of socially and ethnically diverse participants to benefit from health promotion programmes: a qualitative study with parent carers of disabled children

BackgroundEquity is fundamental to health promotion programmes. However, unintentional or unseen barriers may exist for some underserved groups. We aimed to identify how to ensure equitable access and engagement for diverse parent carers of disabled children to benefit from health promotion programmes.MethodsWe purposively sampled parent carers with potentially intersecting characteristics including those who self-identified as from ethnic groups, whose children were educated other than at school, with sensory impairments, or neurodiversity, and fathers. Participants were recruited through local and national organisations and parent carer networks. Data collection involved semi-structured individual interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically and iteratively alongside data collection. Core researchers performed early analysis independently, followed by research team and advisory group cross-validation.ResultsThirty-six parent carers with intersecting characteristics across the sampled backgrounds participated. We identified various perceived barriers around finding out about, attending and engaging with health programmes. We organised the findings into five themes focused on concepts capturing challenges and potential solutions to contextual barriers to access and participation in health programmes. (i) Reach—judiciously using targeted and universal strategies to ensure equitable distribution; (ii) Credibility—demonstrating trustworthiness of those advertising and/or delivering the programme; (iii) Opportunity—ensuring that the programme is seen as fulfilling a relevant need; (iv) Reservations—addressing barriers of readiness to participate; and (v) Optimisation—tailoring to improve the inclusivity of the programme delivery.ConclusionWe identified modifiable factors that impede members of some social groups from engaging with, and benefiting from, health promotion programmes, and potential solutions. We advocate a multifaceted approach is required from outreach to delivery, tailored to be mindful of extant diverse needs of parent carers in underserved communities. We catalogue key considerations to inform implementation strategies to optimise equity in health programmes for parent carers. The implications are likely transferable to other interventions and contexts.

Community Nursing Care: Unhealthy Lifestyle as A Risk Factor of Hypertension in Older Adults in Rural Areas

Introduction: Adults-elderly habits of unhealthy lifestyles increase the risk of hypertension. The high incidence of hypertension causes indications for the diagnosis of community health deficit. Hypertension can be associated with heredity, an unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking, less consumption of vegetables and fruits, lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption and stress. Objective: to determinan the picture of community nursing care, unhealthy lifestyles health deficit problems in older adults with behavioral promotion interventions for health efforts in RW 02 Baratan Village. Method: The method use in this study was quantitative descriptive and quota sampling technique to determine the sample. Results: The research results show that implementig promotion interventions for health efforts are able to increase knowledge, atttudes, and behavior towards healthy lifestyles through education programs, exercise, and demonstrations. The Sig(2-tailed) value obtained in the knowledge category was P=0.025; attitude category P=0.000; behavior category P=0.000 where a<0.05 means there is a difference between before and after implementation. Conclusion: There has been increase in health program participation, health standars compliance, and monitoring of communty health standards.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Kompres Hangat dan Dzikir terhadap Tingkat Nyeri pada Pasien Gastritis

Gastritis is an inflammation (inflammation) of the gastric mucosa caused by irritating and infectious factors, namely increased stomach acid. of the many factors that cause gastritis make the incidence of gastritis increase, due to irregular and unhealthy eating habits, alcoholic beverages, stress and consuming lots of coffee which can stimulate increased production of stomach acid. This community service activity was carried out by providing a combination therapy of warm compresses and dhikr therapy to reduce the pain sensitivity of patients with gastritis, with a total of 17 respondents. The aim of implementing this community service is to increase knowledge, reduce pain levels, empower patients and families, improve the quality of life of patients and to encourage the use of complementary therapies in health care and increase community participation in health programs. After the pre-test and post-test, it can be concluded that the combination of warm compresses and dhikr can reduce pain levels in gastritis patients. So it is recommended for gastritis sufferers to do warm compresses and dhikr as an alternative therapy when feeling pain.

Barriers to implementing health programs based on community participation: the Q method derived perspectives of healthcare professional

BackgroundCommunity participation in implementing health programs leads to positive organizational, social and individual consequences. This study aimed to investigate the prospects of a sample of Iranian healthcare professionals about their perceived barriers to implementing health programs based on community participation.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that employed a Q-methodology approach. Twenty health professional sorted the 47 statements into a 9-column Q-sort diagram ranging from − 4 as not important to + 4 as very important. The data were analyzed with PQMethod 2.35 software. The centroid factor analysis and varimax rotation were used for data analysis. Factors identified were interpreted and described in terms of the participants perspectives on the phenomenon.ResultsAnalysis of the study participants’ viewpoints (the Q-sorts) resulted in a five factor solution (accounted for 57% of the total variance) to endorse the main barriers to the implementation of health programs based on community participation in Iran. Barriers related to government, health programs, lack of necessary skills amongst health professionals and weak coordination between departments, barriers related to community, lack of understanding of goals, benefits and transparency of roles and responsibilities were among the important emanated factors to implementing health programs based community participation.ConclusionHealth policymakers and managers should consider the five mentioned identified barriers based on the community when planning and implementing the health program participation and try to empower the community to implement the programs in Iran.

The Role of Health Communication in Addressing Stunting in Bandung Regency

Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, the prevalence of stunting in Bandung Regency in 2022 reached around 31%, which is higher than the national figure in Indonesia. This stunting issue can have negative impacts on the health, education, and future productivity of affected children. Therefore, addressing stunting in Bandung Regency is crucial to improve the quality of life for children and the community as a whole. The aim of this study is to describe the process and role of Health Communication in addressing stunting in Bandung Regency. A qualitative research method was used, where data was collected through a literature review of various relevant sources, such as journals and reports. The research found that health communication can play a significant role in addressing stunting by providing accurate and targeted information, motivating behavior change, and increasing community participation in health programs. At the initial stage, health communication can help increase the community's understanding of the importance of nutrition and healthy eating habits, as well as provide information and support to parents in providing adequate nutrition for their children. The study concludes that effective health communication can help address the problem of stunting in Bandung Regency and can provide significant benefits for health practitioners, researchers, and the government in making more effective policies to address this problem

Corrigendum: a study on the correlation between dental caries and dietary intake of some health program participants

Corrigendum: a study on the correlation between dental caries and dietary intake of some health program participants

Spaces of participation: Exploring the characteristics of conducive environments for citizen participation in a community-based health promotion initiative in a disadvantaged neighborhood.

Research has shown that community participation in health programmes is vital to ensure positive health outcomes and sustainable solutions. This is often challenged by difficulties to engage socially disadvantaged population groups. Through ethnographic fieldwork in a community initiative in a disadvantaged neighbourhood in Copenhagen, Denmark, we explored which factors contributed to a conducive environment for participation. Data material consists of observation notes taken during fieldwork in a community hub from January 2020 until August 2021 and 19 semi-structured interviews with professional stakeholders and participants. We applied the analytical concept of space to elucidate how the organizational, social, and physical environments played important roles in ensuring possibilities for participation. We termed these environments Spaces of Participation. Our results highlight the importance of ensuring spaces that are flexible, informal, and responsive when engaging those who are hard to reach.

Participation in Population Health Interventions by Older Adults in Poland: Barriers and Enablers.

The participation of older adults in population health interventions constitutes a key factor in their physical, mental and social health. The aim of this study was to determine variables considered as enablers and barriers to participation in health programmes. The conceptual framework of the study was developed and population health interventions were operationalised as health programmes. A total of 805 older adults participated in a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included questions about socio-demographic, health and social connectedness-related factors as well as participation in population health interventions/programmes. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between respondents' characteristics and participation in the intervention. Participation in health programmes was declared by 316 respondents. The enablers of participation were general practitioner's affability (OR = 2.638 [1.453-4.791], p = 0.001), three or more social activities (OR = 3.415 [1.477-7.894], p = 0.004), taking part in support groups (OR = 4.743 [1.255-17.929], p = 0.022) and involvement in Universities of the Third Age (OR = 2.829 [1.093-7.327], p = 0.032). The barriers were primary education (OR = 0.385 [0.215-0.690], p = 0.001), infrequent general practitioner's appointments (OR = 0.500 [0.281-0.888], p = 0.018) and lack of social activity (OR = 0.455 [0.299-0.632], p < 0.001). The enablers of participation appeared to solely include variables regarding health service utilisation, patient experience and social activity, i.e., interpersonal and community relationships, not intrapersonal factors.

Association between partner status and postpartum depression among collaborative care perinatal mental health program participants

Having a supportive partner during the transition to new parenthood may protect against PPD. Our objective was to examine the relationship between partner status and PPD among those participating in collaborative care (CC), a health services intervention that improves perinatal depression using population-level surveillance and treatment of mental health symptoms.

A study on the correlation between dental caries and dietary intake of some health program participants

A study on the correlation between dental caries and dietary intake of some health program participants

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI EFEKTIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN GUNA MEMBANGUN CITRA DAN REPUTASI DIMASYARAKAT

Puskesmas is an important entity in the health system in Indonesia. Community health centers have a crucial role in providing basic health services to local communities. A good image and reputation act as key factors in influencing public trust and participation in health programs. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study of the Ketapang inpatient health center. The data obtained in this research was obtained through interviews, observation and analysis of related articles. This research aims to find out the strategies used by the community health center to improve communication in serving patients. Effective communication and good service will certainly have an impact on the image and reputation of the health center. From the results of an interview with one of the management staff at the puskesmas, it was clear that communication between medical personnel and patients was quite good and effective, such as when medical personnel carried out examinations, they provided diagnoses and explanations of patient complaints well, so that patients could understand the disease they were complaining about. Apart from that, every medical personnel must also understand therapeutic communication, which is very important so that communication between medical personnel and patients can run well and get appropriate feedback.

Where are all the men? A review of the barriers and facilitators to participation in health promotion interventions

A cognitive intervention study was conducted to explore methods to improve adherence to a technology-based cognitive intervention and uncover individual differences that predict adherence (N = 120). The study was divided into two phases: (1) in which participants were asked to follow a prescribed schedule of training that involved gamified neuropsychological tasks administered via a tablet, and (2), in which participants were asked to play as frequently as they wished. Positively and negatively framed messages about cognitive health were delivered via the software program, and measures of cognition, technology proficiency, self-efficacy, technology attitudes, and belief in the benefits of cognitive training were collected. We computed an aggregate measure of adherence during each of the two phases, as well as a measure of daily engagement. Across data modeling approaches, the finding was consistent: only during Phase 2, was there evidence that positively-framed messages encouraged greater adherence over negatively-framed messages. Measures of memory and self-efficacy demonstrated some, but limited, ability to predict individual differences in adherence.

Where are all the men? A review of the barriers and facilitators to participation in health promotion interventions

Research shows that men in the U.S. experience significant morbidity and earlier mortality than women and are less likely to access, interpret, and apply health information to improve their outcomes. Although evidence-based health promotion programs have proven successful at increasing healthy lifestyle behaviors and reducing morbidity among older adults, older males are still significantly less likely to enroll and sustain participation in such health interventions. While studies have shown the barriers and facilitators to older adult participation in health programs in general, it is largely unknown why older male recruitment and participation in health promotion interventions remains so low. In this poster presentation, we conducted a thorough review of the last 20 years of existing research across a variety of academic search databases to outline the barriers, facilitators, and recommendations for increasing older male participation in health promotion programs. Of 1,194 initial search results, 383 article abstracts were thoroughly screened for inclusion, and 26 articles met all inclusion criteria. Included studies were coded and analyzed using Grounded Theory and reveal that masculine gender roles, as well as program scope, environment, and gender of the instructors and other participants, were important factors for male participation. Interventions should include men in all aspects of program planning and implementation, take into account men’s existing relationships and interests to create gender-sensitive programming, and clearly delineate the benefits to participation. Lastly, the field of public health would benefit by helping to normalize men’s participation in health promotion interventions.

Reasons Behind Preferences for Community-Based Continence Promotion.

This study aimed to understand the potential reach of continence promotion intervention formats among incontinent women. The Survey of the Health of Wisconsin conducts household interviews on a population-based sample. In 2016, 399 adult women were asked about incontinence and likelihood of participation in continence promotion via 3 formats: single lecture, interactive 3-session workshop, or online. Descriptive analyses compared women likely versus unlikely to participate in continence promotion. To understand format preferences, modified grounded theory was used to conduct and analyze telephone interviews. One hundred eighty-seven (76%) of 246 incontinent women reported being likely to attend continence promotion: 111 (45%) for a single lecture, 43 (17%) for an interactive 3-session workshop, and 156 (64%) for an online program. Obesity, older age, nonwhite race, prior health program participation, and Internet use for health information were associated with reported continence promotion participation. Cited advantages of a single lecture included convenience and ability to ask questions. A workshop offered accountability, hands-on learning, and opportunity to learn from others; online format offered privacy, convenience, and self-directed learning. Most incontinent women are willing to participate in continence promotion, especially online.

헬스 참여자의 성취목표성향과 생활만족도 관계에서 운동몰입의 매개효과

헬스 참여자의 성취목표성향과 생활만족도 관계에서 운동몰입의 매개효과

Informe sobre el Uso de los Tests Genéticos Directos al Consumidor

Los tests genéticos directos al consumidor (TGDC), proporcionan acceso a la información genética de una persona sin que necesariamente intervenga un médico ni ningún otro personal de salud en el proceso. Pueden promover la concienciación pública de enfermedades de origen genético, ya que, al acercar este tipo de información a la población general, y no sólo a un paciente determinado, la sociedad toma más conciencia de las mismas. Por tanto, se promueve también un estilo de vida más saludable, una medicina personalizada y una promoción del auto-cuidado. Siendo el principio de autonomía el argumento fundamental por el que se alude a favor de la no limitación del acceso a los mismos, no cabe admitir que el consumidor que lo adquiere sea verdaderamente autónomo. Las empresas que los comercializan no poseen actualmente de una vía de calidad acerca del valor predictivo de los tests ofrecidos. Por ello, también habría de prevalecer el principio de precaución, para evitar un daño a quien se ve expuesto, sin disponer de la necesaria información. La no regulación de los TGDC puede suponer un riesgo para el consumidor por dos motivos: por un lado, la ausencia de asesoramiento genético pre y post test por personal cualificado en centros acreditados -tal y como está establecido en la Ley de Investigación Biomédica 14/2007-, y la ausencia de una correcta interpretación de los resultados por un profesional puede suponer un riesgo médico y psicológico para el usuario Si un consumidor decide adquirir una de estas pruebas genéticas por internet, el test se le envía directamente, y será él quien reciba los resultados de la misma y decida qué hacer con ellos. Estas nuevas posibilidades de información médico-sanitaria, llevan asociadas estos nuevos planteamientos ético-legales a los que es necesario prestar atención en España. La farmacia comunitaria, como centros sanitarios de proximidad a la población general y por su estructura organizada, su implicación en la educación, consejo profesional, y su participación en programas de salud, se convierten en los perfectos aliados en materia de una posible regulación sanitaria de los TGDC. Los protocolos y estudios de cribado que se llevan a cabo en España hacen de la farmacia comunitaria actual, una opción ventajosa para la regulación de los TGDC, integrando con esta medida a la farmacia como establecimiento sanitario privado de interés público, dentro del Sistema Sanitario Nacional.

Determinants of workplace health program participation among non, low, and incentive-achieving participants

The authors used a cross-sectional survey and zero-inflated ordered probit modeling to investigate individual psychosocial-, interpersonal-, organizational-, and community-level determinants distinguishing nonparticipants, low-level participants, and incentive-achieving participants in a single, university-based worksite health program (WHP) that uses insurance premium reductions to incentivize participation. Results from 319 employees suggested two nonparticipant groups. Persons without employer-sponsored insurance, those with negative participation perceptions, and men were more likely to be “never” participants; those who had never met the incentive were potential future participants. Increased confidence was related to incentive achievement; stress was associated with low participation. No interpersonal, organizational, or community factors were significant. When structuring incentives, WHPs should consider determinants of participation, vis-à-vis the incentive.

Association of Oral Function With Long-Term Participation in Community-Based Oral Exercise Programs in Older Japanese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundThere are several researches demonstrating that community-based educational and exercise programs can improve oral function in older people. However, the relationship between oral function and long-term participation in health programs has not been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to clarify the oral health status and oral function of older people (≥ 65 years) who had been participating in community-based exercise programs at community salons.MethodsWe enrolled 108 women (mean age: 77.6 ± 5.7 years) who participated in oral and physical exercise programs once a week at community salons in Takehara throughout May 2017. This cross-sectional pilot study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Hiroshima University and informed consent was obtained from all participants. To assess oral function, the following tests were performed: tongue pressure test, oral diadochokinesis (ODK) measurement, repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST) and oral wetness measurement.ResultsA significant negative correlation was found between age and ODK or RSST (Spearman’s rank correlation; P = 0.007 and P = 0.01, respectively). The duration of participation ranged widely from 1 month to 7 years (median: 2.3 years). Although there was no significant difference between participation period and oral function, individuals who had been participating for 3 years or longer did not demonstrate a negative relationship between age and oral wetness. Furthermore, they exhibited a weaker negative relationship between age and oral function (i.e. tongue pressure, ODK and RSST) when compared with individuals who had been participating for less than 3 years.ConclusionsOur results suggest that long-term participation in community salon exercise programs may suppress the deterioration of oral function in older people. Further study will be necessary to clarify the significant correlation between oral function and community-based social activities such as oral exercise.

Adherence to Iron-Folate Supplementation and Associated Factors among Pastoralist's Pregnant Women in Burji Districts, Segen Area People's Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women is one of the most common public health problems in developing country particularly in Ethiopia. Iron/folic acid supplementation with optimal adherence is the main cost-effective strategy for prevention and control of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. However, level of adherence to iron/folic acid supplementation and its associated factors were not well identified in study area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level of adherence to iron/folic acid supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women in Burji Districts, southern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 317 pregnant women in Burji Districts from March to April 2017 using interviewer administered questionnaires. Data were entered into Epi Info 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with iron/folic acid supplementation. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value <0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Results Among women participating in the study, 163(51.4%) were adherent to iron/folate acid supplementation. Factors significantly associated with adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation were maternal educational status (AOR: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.13-4.97), early registration for ANC (AOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.45 – 4.27), history of anemia during current pregnancy (AOR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.09-3.72), and knowledge about iron and folic acid supplementation (AOR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.02-3.76). Forgetfulness and fear of side effects were among the leading reasons of pregnant women for nonadherence to iron and folic acid supplementation. Conclusions This study revealed that adherence to iron /folic acid supplementation was found to be 51.4%. Maternal educational status, early registration for ANC, history of anemia during current pregnancy, and knowledge about iron and folic acid supplementation were significant factors associated with adherence to iron/folic acid supplementation among pastoralist's pregnant women. Therefore, anemia prevention strategy should include strengthening giving awareness, counseling, strengthening community health education, and participation in health programs which are necessary to improve the uptake of iron/folic acid supplements.

Diffusion of Handwashing Knowledge and Water Treatment Practices From Mothers in an Antenatal Hygiene Promotion Program to Nonpregnant Friends and Relatives, Machinga District, Malawi.

Access to safe drinking water and improved hygiene are essential for preventing diarrheal diseases in low- and middle-income countries. Integrating water treatment and hygiene products into antenatal clinic care can motivate water treatment and handwashing among pregnant women. Free water hygiene kits (water storage containers, sodium hypochlorite water treatment solution, and soap) and refills of water treatment solution and soap were integrated into antenatal care and delivery services in Machinga District, Malawi, resulting in improved water treatment and hygiene practices in the home and increased maternal health service use. To determine whether water treatment and hygiene practices diffused from maternal health program participants to friends and relatives households in the same communities, we assessed the practices of 106 nonpregnant friends and relatives of these new mothers at baseline and 1-year follow-up. At follow-up, friends and relatives were more likely than at baseline to have water treatment products observable in the home (33.3% vs. 1.2%, p < 0.00001) and detectable free chlorine residual in their water, confirming water treatment (35.7% vs. 1.4%; p < 0.00001). Qualitative data from in-depth interviews also suggested that program participants helped motivate adoption of water treatment and hygiene behaviors among their friends and relatives.