Health Issue In Indonesia Research Articles

Improvement of Adolescent Reproductive Health Understanding by Implementation of Educative, Collaborative, Participative, and Problem Based (ECPPB) Learning Strategy in Buleleng District, Bali-Indonesia

Introduction: One of potential public health issues in Indonesia is the problem of Adolescent Reproduction Health (ARH), particulary the behavior of having sex premaritaly and promiscuity, which is at risk of having unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted deseases such as HIV/AIDS. Increase in student’s knowledge, attitude, and skill by application of education of adolescent reproduction health (EARH)is hopefully will reduce the ARH problem.Method: This was experimental research with randomized pretest-posttest control group design. This research was conducted in Grade VIII of Junior High School with 72 research samples. Data were analysed by using Multivariate Analysis of Variances (Manova). Result: Data analysis showed that ECPPB learning strategy was better to improve students’ knowledge ARH, students’ attitude toward reproduction health, and students’ skill in ARH problem solving than students who were treated by using conventional teaching strategy in which the p = 0.0001(p < 0,05). The Partial Ata Squared (PTA) was 87.4 %, which means the learning strategy was able to improve learning achievement as much as 87.4 %. The highest improvement of learning achievement by using ECPPBlearning strategy was on students’ skill in ARH problem solving (PES=80.9%). Improvement of health reproduction attitude was 63.2 %, and improvement of students’ knowledge about reproduction health was 25.1%. Conclusion: Based on the result of this study was suggested in order to students be given EARH was integrated on the subject of science in junior high school by using ECPPB strategy.

Model development of healthy-lifestyle behaviors for rural Muslim Indonesians with hypertension: A qualitative study.

Hypertension is a significant health issue in Indonesia. Health professionals in a rural district of West Java identified hypertension as a priority health issue. In this study, we describe healthy-lifestyle behaviors as perceived by the district's middle-aged Muslims with hypertension. A qualitative case-study design was used. Twelve married couples, directly or indirectly impacted by hypertension, and who visited community health centers, were purposively recruited. Semistructured interviews provided data that were systematically analyzed for categories and subcategories. Categories of healthy-lifestyle behaviors currently practiced were eating behavior, physical activity, resting, not smoking, managing stress, seeking health information, seeking health care, caring other people, and fulfilling an obligation to God. Categories of reasons for practicing healthy-lifestyle behaviors were behavioral beliefs, competence, religious support, prior experience, social support, and health system support. Categories for not practicing healthy-lifestyle behaviors were personal, social, and environmental barriers. To achieve healthy-lifestyle behavior changes, it is essential for rural middle-aged Muslim individuals to be supported by reinforcing their positive reasons and to address their negative reasons to practice healthy-lifestyle behaviors.

Eating behavior control model in obese adolescents based on individual beliefs and ideal body image

Background: Obesity epidemic has become a public health issue in Indonesia, particularly among children and adolescents. Research on the eating behavior control model, especially on individual belief and ideal body image among Indonesian adolescents, is limited. Objective: To develop a model of eating behavior control in obese adolescents based on individual belief and ideal body image. Materials and Methods: Data collected from 120 obese Indonesian adolescents aged 14–18 years in five senior high schools were used. Questionnaires and interviews were used to assess individual characteristic, belief, ideal body image, and social support. Model on eating behavior control was assessed using partial least square. Result: Individual belief through perceived threat, the threat of weight gain and the potential threat of a disease, leads to improved eating behavior control in obese adolescents. Ideal body image, consisting of appearance, evaluation, orientation, satisfaction, anxiety, and perception, can enhance good eating behavior. Conclusion: Favorable eating behavior of obese adolescents is affected by individual beliefs and ideal body image. Health educators should consider this issue with young people to develop strategies and intervention more relevant and appropriate.

Seasonal variation in the nutritional status of children aged 6 to 60 months in a resettlement village in West Timor.

Childhood malnutrition remains a public health issue in Indonesia with a national prevalence of wasting of 13% and stunting of 36%. In rural areas nutritional status depends on local agriculture and may fluctuate in relation to harvest time. The aim of this study was to characterise seasonal variations in nutritional status in two resettlement villages in the Oesao district, Nusa Tenggara Timur. A cross sectional study was conducted in a convenience sample of children after the wet season (March). Children aged 6 to 60 months were assessed for nutritional status using anthropometric and biochemical measures. A subset of these children was re-assessed for anthropometry after the dry season (November). Weight-for-height z scores improved significantly from mean±SD of -1.7± 0.9 in March to -1.3±0.9 in November (p<0.001). There was no significant change in height between seasons. Prevalence of wasting, (weight-for-height z score <-2), was 42% in March and 19% in November (p<0.001). However, stunting rates increased significantly from 42% in March to 45% in November (p<0.001). Thirty six per cent of children were anaemic (Hb level <11 mg/100 mL), 68% were vitamin A deficient (plasma vitamin A level <0.8 μmol/L) and 50% were zinc deficient (plasma zinc <9.94 μmol/L). All children except one were positive for intestinal parasites. These data indicate seasonal changes in anthropometry with inconsistent effects depending on the anthropometric index measured. Wasting and stunting were higher than the national average, alongside high rates of anaemia, zinc and vitamin A deficiencies.

Feasibility of preconception screening for thalassaemia in Indonesia: exploring the opinion of Javanese mothers

Background. Thalassaemia has become a major public health issue in Indonesia. It has been estimated that up to 10% of the population carries a gene associated with beta-thalassaemia. Currently, there is no formal recommendation for thalassaemia screening. This study aimed to explore awareness of thalassaemia, and to explore attitudes regarding carrier testing among Javanese mothers. Methods. A quantitative questionnaire, designed using constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour, was applied cross-sectionally. Results. Out of 191 mothers who were invited, 180 agreed to participate (RR = 94%), of whom 74 had a child affected with thalassaemia. Both attitudes towards receiving information about thalassaemia, and attitudes towards carrier testing were very positive. Awareness of thalassaemia was poor. Mothers, both those with and without an affected child, had barely heard of thalassaemia, nor of carrier testing. However, all mothers, including those with an affected child expressed high levels of interest in carrier testing. Respondents did not perceive that they had any control over carrier testing, and feared stigmatization and being discriminated against if their carrier status was identified. Attitudes towards carrier testing explained 23% of future reproductive intentions, in addition to perceived stigmatization, education level and ‘mother's age’ (R 2=0.44; p=0.001). Conclusion. Responding mothers expressed high levels of interest in receiving information on both thalassaemia and carrier testing. The less educated and the more deprived they were, the keener they were to receive this information. Overall, awareness of thalassaemia was low. Even mothers with affected children seemed unaware of the inheritance pattern and the recurrent risk of having an affected child in a subsequent pregnancy, showing the need for genetic counselling in Indonesia. It is therefore recommended not only to raise awareness about thalassaemia, but to improve the education of healthcare professionals as well.

Relationships between anopheline mosquitoes and topography in West Timor and Java, Indonesia

BackgroundMalaria is a serious health issue in Indonesia. Mosquito control is one aspect of an integrated malaria management programme. To focus resources on priority areas, information is needed about the vectors and their habitats. This research aimed to identify the relationship between anopheline mosquitoes and topography in West Timor and Java.MethodsStudy areas were selected in three topographic types in West Timor and Java. These were: coastal plain, hilly (rice field) and highland. Adult mosquitoes were captured landing on humans identified to species level and counted.ResultsEleven species were recorded, four of which were significant for malaria transmission: Anopheles aconitus, Anopheles barbirostris, Anopheles subpictus and Anopheles sundaicus. Each species occupied different topographies, but only five were significantly associated: Anopheles annularis, Anopheles vagus and Anopheles subpictus (Java only) with hilly rice fields; Anopheles barbirostris, Anopheles maculatus and Anopheles subpictus (West Timor only) with coastal areas.ConclusionInformation on significant malaria vectors associated with specific topography is useful for planning the mosquito control aspect of malaria management.