Health Centers In Surabaya Research Articles

The Influence of Feeling Lonely and Received Social Support on Medication Adherence in Elderly with Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is currently a non-contagious disease that primarily affects the elderly population in Indonesia. Medication adherence is critical in managing hypertension and reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality. Previous research has found that loneliness and support received by older adults with hypertension influence medication adherence. Objective: This study aimed to examine the impact of feeling lonely and receiving social support on medication adherence in the elderly with hypertension at the Community Health Center in Surabaya. Methods: The study design of this research was a descriptive cross-sectional study from December 2021 to March 2022. A total of 235 eligible subjects fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The instruments used in the data collection were the patient's information form, UCLA-Loneliness Scale, MOS-Social Support Survey, and the ARMS (Adherence to Refill and Medication Scale). Results: The results revealed that the correlation between loneliness and social support was significantly associated with medication adherence in the elderly with hypertension (p < 0.05). In addition, other factors, such as occupation status, living status, comorbidity, the number of drugs taken, and antihypertensive drug therapy, showed a significant correlation with medication adherence (p < 0,05). The most influential factor on medication adherence was loneliness (35.5%), followed by social support (24.4%), the number of drugs taken (7.1%), antihypertensive drug therapy (monotherapy or combination therapy (2.5%), occupation status (2.4%), comorbidity (1.6%), and living status (0.2%). Conclusion: This study confirms that feeling lonely and receiving social support affect medication adherence in the elderly with hypertension at the Community Health Center in Surabaya.

ANALYSIS ATTITUDE BRIDES AND GROOMS TO BE TOWARD PREMARITAL HIV TESTING

Background: In Surabaya, every bride and groom to be is required to do a premarital HIV testing, to knows their HIV status is positive or negative. In 2018, there were 127 HIV positive cases in bride and groom to be, but only 7.8% canceled marriage while 40.9% continued marriage, even 51.3% had unknown information. This study aims to analyze the attitude and knowledge of the bride and groom regarding premarital HIV testing. Method: this research was conducted at the Putat Jaya Health Center in Surabaya in July 2020 – January 2021, this type of research was a quantitative analytic design with a cross sectional research design. The number of samples was 72 prospective brides consisting of 36 prospective brides and 36 prospective grooms. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The variables used were the attitude and knowledge of the bride and groom about premarital HIV testing. The instrument used was a questionnaire that had previously been tested for validity by the researcher. Data analysis used the chi-square test and fisher's exact test. Results: Overall the bride and groom who have good knowledge will tell their partner about the results of the HIV positive test they got, besides that 42.3% of the brides who are less knowledgeable are not willing to carry out routine consultations and treatment, but a small proportion are also found (18.8 %) of prospective brides and grooms who have good knowledge but not willing to carry out routine consultations and treatment if they get HIV positive Conclusion: in general, the knowledge of the prospective bride and groom about HIV will influence the prospective bride and groom in their attitude, being willing to tell their HIV positive results to their partners or being willing to carry out continuity care for treatment, but not always good knowledge will give the prospective bride a positive attitude , so this needs more handling from health workers, especially in communication and education. Key words: attitudes, knowledge , premarital HIV testing

Prevention Factors For Toddlers Below The Red Line In Surabaya

Background: Toddlers with BGM (Below the Red Line) are children whose weight for age (BW / U) is below the red line on the KMS, thus indicating malnutrition status. BGM toddlers can be used as an early indicator that the toddler is experiencing nutritional problems that need to be addressed immediately. Objectives: This study analyzes the problems / symptoms and preventive measures for children under the red line in the Wonokusumo Health Center in Surabaya. Methods: This research is an analytic observational study, with a cross sectional design. Subjects were taken by simple random sampling. The population of this research is mothers who have toddlers aged 12-24 months who live in the working area of the Wonokusumo Health Center in Surabaya. The independent variables used are perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived obstacles, and cues to take action, while the dependent variable used was maternal BGM prevention behavior.Results: This study resulted in several conclusions, namely that there is a relationship between the perceived vulnerability of respondents to taking preventive measures for BGM under five; there is a relationship between the severity felt by the respondents on the prevention measures for BGM under five; there is no relationship between the benefits felt by the respondents on the prevention measures for children under five BGM; there is no relationship between the obstacles felt by respondents to the prevention measures for BGM under five; and there was no relationship between cues to act on precautions for BGM under five.Conclusions: This study views the importance of monitoring the growth of children under five at the posyandu and providing PMT to prevent BGM from under five.

Faktor Risiko Keterlambatan Perkembangan Bicara dan Bahasa pada Anak Usia 24-48 Bulan

Speech and language skills are the determinants of all child development. Psychosocial factors are one of the most researched postnatal environmental factors, but most research only examines one of many psychosocial factors. In this research, 4 psychosocial factors will be researched. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of stimulation, quality of parent-child interaction, the intensity of the use of gadgets, and the duration of watching television as risk factors for speech and language delayed in children aged 24-48 months in Surabaya. This type of study was a case-control study in 122 children aged 24-48 months in 2 working areas of the Public Health Center in Surabaya. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square, contingency coefficient, and logistic regression test. The result showed that there was a relationship between the frequency of stimulation (p < 0.01), the quality of parent-child interaction (p < 0.01), the intensity of device use (p < 0.01), and television viewing duration (p < 0.01 ) with the risk of delayed speech and language development in children and the most dominant risk factor is the quality of parent-child interaction (OR 21,567). It can be concluded that frequency of stimulation, quality of parent-child interaction, the intensity of the use of gadgets, and duration of watching television are risk factors for delayed speech and language development in children aged 24-48 months, and the quality of parent-child interaction is the most influential risk factor.
 Keywords: speech and language development; children

Hubungan Jumlah Paritas Ibu Hamil dengan Kejadian Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah di Puskesmas Gading Surabaya

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines low birth weight (LBW) as a baby weighing less than 2500 grams. LBW is still a significant global public health issue because of its adverse effects on pregnant women's health. Nulliparity is also linked to low birth weight (LBW) and other factors that complicate pregnancy. Objective: This study aimed to find out if there was a link between maternal parity during pregnancy and the prevalence of LBW at the Gading Health Center in Surabaya. Method: This study is an analytical observational epidemiological study with a case-control approach. Data were analyzed using a comparative study hypothesis test between two variables in two independent sample groups of 40 mothers who have given birth to LBW babies and 40 mothers who have given birth to non-LBW babies. The MCH handbook contained a questionnaire and a health record form for pregnant women, which were used to collect data. The chi-square statistical test was used to analyze the data for this study. Results and discussion: The findings revealed a relationship between the number of parity (p = 0.005) and the occurrence of LBW, as determined by Odd's Ratio (0.214). The number of parities in primiparas mothers who gave birth to LBW and mothers who gave birth to non-LBW was more significant than the number of parities in multiparas. Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that there is a substantial relationship between the number of parities and the occurrence of LBW. To avoid the event of LBW, pregnant women should pay closer attention to the number of parity or the state of giving birth to live or dead children.

Spiritual Well-Being and Optimism as Contributing Factors that Influence the Subjective Well-Being of Cancer Patients

Background: Cancer is a serious stressor that induces spiritual distress, loss of optimism, and dissatisfaction with subjective well-being. This study aims to determine that spiritual well-being (SWB) and optimism as factors that contribute to influencing the subjective well-being of cancer patients. Methods: This study had a cross-sectional design. A total of 88 cancer patients from public health centers in Surabaya and the Indonesian Cancer Foundation of East Java were selected to be sampled by consecutive sampling in 4 months. The Instruments used were valid and reliable throughout the test, comprising of the spiritual well-being scale, the 9-item version of the personal optimism scale, self-efficacy optimism scale, and satisfaction with life scale. The ethical feasibility was declared ethical. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Test and Linear Regression Test with p < 0.05. Results: The demographic data show that the mean age of 52.5 years, female gender (84%), being married (78.4%), having cervical cancer (52.3%), having stage-III cancer (55.7%), having cancer therapy (surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy) (37.5%), and patients newly diagnosed from 6 months to 1 year (33%). The mean score of SWB was 99.67 (high SWB), optimism 20.03 (high optimism), and subjective well-being 24.18 (good subjective well-being). Pearson Product Moment Correlation Test between SWB and optimism showed p < 0.001, indicating that SWB had a significant relationship with optimism; patients with high SWB will have high optimism. From the Linear Regression Test, there was a significant effect of SWB on subjective well-being (r2 = 0.982 and p < 0.001) and optimism on subjective well-being as well (r2 = 0.988 and p < 0.001), meaning that patients with high SWB and high optimism tended to have good subjective well-being. Conclusions: Cancer patients who have high scores of SWB become more optimistic, which has a positive effect on the high score of subjective well-being as well.

Health Education-Based Effectiveness of Health Belief Model on Vulva Hygiene Behavior in Prevention of Vaginal Discharge for Pregnant Woman

Introduction: Leucorrhoea can endanger pregnancy and result premature labor. Health education is needed for good vulva hygiene behavior. This study aims to explain the effectiveness of Health Education (HE) based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on Vulva Hygiene Behavior in the Prevention of Leucorrhoea in Pregnant Women. Method: The first stage of research was literature study, expert discussion, and development of an intervention module. The participants were pregnant women in the second trimester. The instrument is the researcher. An interview guide with a questionnaire. Qualitative data analysis. The second stage of research used the quasi-experimental design (pre and post-testdesign). The independent variable is Health Education based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). The dependent variable is the behavior of Vulva Hygiene in the prevention of vaginal discharge for pregnant women. An instrument with a questionnaire. Data collection through pre-test, intervention, post-test. The number of participants in each group was 30 participants. Research at the Kedungdoro Public Health Center in Surabaya from December 2019-October 2020. Result: The first stage of research, showed that several trimester II pregnant women performed vulva hygiene correctly and some did not know how to do vulva hygiene, some did not do vulva hygiene. The module consists of 4 themes. The Health Education (HE) experimental group based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) was effective on Vulva Hygiene behavior in preventing vaginal discharge in pregnant women with a value (P) = 0.000. The Health Education (He) control group based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) was not effective on vulva hygiene behavior in preventing vaginal discharge in pregnant women with a value (P) = 0.083. The results of the pre-test of vulva hygiene behavior in the prevention of vaginal discharge in the non-intervention group and the intervention group were not different with a value (P) of 0.488> 0.05. In the post-test of vulva hygiene behavior in the intervention group and the non-intervention group, there was a difference with a value (P) of 0.000 <0.05. Analysis: Through Health Education based on the Health Belief Model, it can increase the confidence of each individual to behave healthily, in the form of prevention and use of health facilities. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is the main framework for healthy behavior. This gives HBM a function as a preventive or preventive model. Discuss: The behavior of vulva hygiene in preventing vaginal discharge in pregnant women between the experimental group and the control group was a significant difference.

The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Work Motivation, and Organizational Commitment on Job Satisfaction and Performance on Medical and Paramedical Personnel (Case Study at Public Health Center in Indonesia)

Human resources play a very important role because humans are the cogs of all company activities. Efforts to improve performance are carried out through a well-organized leadership system and motivating to increase employee morale. This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership, work motivation, and organizational commitment on employee performance. This study uses a survey method with a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The population in this study were all medical and paramedical personnel at the Public health center in Surabaya, Indonesia, totaling 60 people. Samples were taken as many as 60 employees with the sampling technique of Non-Probability Sampling with Saturated Sampling, where all members of the population became the sample. The data obtained through the questionnaire were then tested for validity and reliability using the product-moment correlation formula and Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis used multiple regression analysis, F test, t-test, and coefficient of determination test and was accompanied by classical assumption testing. The results showed that: (1) Individual/partial transformational leadership did not affect the performance of medical and paramedical officers at Public health center in Surabaya, Indonesia. This is evident from the results of the t-test to obtain a t-value of 1.028 with a t-table of 2.05 with a significance level of 5%. This means that transformational leadership that is carried out partially without being followed by work motivation and organizational commitment will not affect employee performance. (2) Work motivation has a positive effect on the performance of medical officers and paramedics at the Public health center in Surabaya, Indonesia. This is evident from the results of the t-test to obtain a t-value of 34.013 with a t-table of 2.05 with a significance level of 5%, then H2 is accepted. This means that the higher the employee's work motivation, the performance will increase. (3) Organizational Commitment has a positive effect on the performance of medical officers and paramedics at the Public Health Center. This is evident from the results of the t-test to obtain a t-value of 3.478 with a t-table of 2.05 with a significance level of 5%, then H3 is accepted. This means that the higher the organizational commitment of employees, the performance will increase. 05 with a significance level of 5%, then H2 is accepted. This means that the higher the employee's work motivation, the performance will increase. (3) Organizational Commitment has a positive effect on the performance of medical officers and paramedics at the s. This is evident from the results of the t-test to obtain a t-value of 3.478 with a t-table of 2.05 with a significance level of 5%, then H3 is accepted. This means that the higher the organizational commitment of employees, the performance will increase. 05 with a significance level of 5%, then H2 is accepted. This means that the higher the employee's work motivation, the performance will increase. (3) Organizational Commitment has a positive effect on the performance of medical officers and paramedics at the Public health center in Surabaya, Indonesia. This is evident from the results of the t-test to obtain a t-value of 3.478 with a t-table of 2.05 with a significance level of 5%, then H3 is accepted. This means that the higher the organizational commitment of employees, the performance will increase. then H3 is accepted. This means that the higher the organizational commitment of employees, the performance will increase. then H3 is accepted. This means that the higher the organizational commitment of employees, the performance will increase.

Low Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α will Prevent Periodontitis Exacerbation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objectives Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for periodontitis. Susceptibility to periodontitis increases approximately three times in people with DM. There is a clear relationship between the degree of hyperglycemia and the severity of periodontitis. This study aimed to analyze the reduction of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in diabetics who came for periodontitis examination to prevent exacerbations. Materials and Methods This was an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional approach at health centers in Surabaya, Indonesia. Measurement of periodontal status used the community periodontal index of treatment needs by measuring bleeding at probing and pocket depth. TNF-α was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and behavior and lifestyle using a questionnaire. Statistical Analysis The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was performed to identify data normality ( p < 0.05). A nonparametric test was used to measure the degree of association between different characteristics and the incidence of periodontitis in type 2 DM patients with and without periodontitis. Spearman's test was done to examine the correlation between TNF-α level and severity of periodontitis in diabetics. The significant level was at p <0.05. Results There was a correlation between age, predisposing factors, reinforcing factors, drug consumption, and TNF-α levels in patients with type 2 DM and the incidence of periodontitis. Conclusions Poor glycemic control can induce oxidative stress on the gingiva, thereby aggravating damage to periodontal tissue. An important factor in preventing periodontitis for type 2 DM patients is controlling blood sugar levels through regular consumption of drugs and regular maintenance of oral cavity health. Knowledge is a predisposing factor that affects adherence of people with type 2 DM to consuming drugs regularly, which can be strengthened by family support. These will ultimately play a role in reducing TNF-α levels.

RISK FACTORS OF STUNTING EVENTS IN TODDLERS AGED 24-59 MONTHS

AbstractBackground: Stunting is one priority problem in Indonesia. The incidence of stunting in toddlers at the Tambak Wedi Public Health Center Surabaya in 2015 and 2016 were 31.3% and 33%, respectively. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months in Tambak Wedi Health Center Surabaya. Method: This observational analytic research used cross sectional approach. The population in this study was 220 and the sample size was 110 mothers and toddlers. Samples were selected by proportional cluster random sampling from the population of 220 pairs mothers and toddlers. Independent variables of the mothers include height, upper arm circumference, frequency of ANC visits, weight gain during pregnancy, meanwhile of the toddlers included birth length and birth weight. The dependent variable was stunting. Statistical analysis used chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests. Results: There were 100 pairs of mother and toddlers in the study. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between maternal height (p = 0.025, RR = 0.406), frequency of ANC visits (p = 0.017, RR = 0.382), increase in maternal weight during pregnancy (p = 0.017, RR = 0.328), the baby’s birth length (p = &lt;0.001, RR = 0.256), and the baby's birth weight (p = &lt;0.001, RR = 0.208) with stunting. Multivariate analysis showed maternal height and ANC visit as the significant risk factors of stunting. Conclusion: Maternal height and the frequency of ANC visits were the risk factors for stunting among toddlers aged 24-59 months in Tambak Wedi Public Health Center in Surabaya.

The correlation between anxiety levels and spiritual activities with motivation to recover in pulmonary tuberculosis

This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and spiritual activity with motivation to recover in TB patients. This research utilized correlational research design with cross sectional approach. There were ninety two patients of TB who sought treatment at three primary health centers in Surabaya between October-November 2018. Data were collected using the HRS-A (Hamilton Rating Scale Anxiety) questionnaire, the Spiritual Activity Questionnaire and the Motivation for Healing Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Spearman's Rho test. There was significant correlation between anxiety and motivation to recover ( p = 0.000; r = −0.436). In addition, the spiritual activity also significantly correlated with motivation to recover ( p = 0.000; r = 0.743). An increased level of anxiety decreased motivation to recover in patients with TB, but increased of spiritual activity were increased motivation to recover in patients with TB.

ENHANCED PERFORMANCE CAPACITY OF POSYANDU TODDLER CADRES ON ORAL HEALTH CARE USING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TRAINING: SECI

Puskesmas Ngagel Rejo is one of the health centers in Surabaya, has run the school dental health effort (UKGS), but has not been able to carry out oral health efforts in the community (UKGM), because puskesmas do not yet have a cadre of oral health in posyandu. The problem with research is that there is no oral health cadre at Puskesmas Ngagel Rejo Surabaya that serves the community. The study aims to increase the performance capacity of cadres of toddlers concurrently becoming oral health cadres as well, using training with a knowledge management approach: SECI. The study was a quasi-experimental study with a non-randomized control group of pre-post-design tests. There were three non-randomly selected groups, then given a pre-test to find out the initial state, which is the difference between the experimental group and the control group. Data analysis uses non-parametric data because the data is not distributed normally. The population of this study is a cadre of Puskesmas Ngagel Rejo Surabaya numbering 317 cadres, while the total sample is 150 cadres. As a result, there were significant differences in knowledge and skill levels between dental health training groups without SECI, dental health training groups with SECI, and control groups (p-value &lt;0.001). This research can prove that the knowledge and skills of the SECI group are better than the other two groups. In conclusion, knowledge management-based training: SECI affects cadre behavior in oral health.

OVERVIEW SELF-EFFICACY AND SELF-ACCEPTANCE IN TUBERCULOSIS SUFFERERS

Background: Tuberculosis is still a major health problem in Indonesia, especially in the working area of the East Health Center in Surabaya, the long treatment of tuberculosis causes sufferers to have low self-efficacy and poor self-acceptance. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and the self-acceptance of patients with Tb. Method: The design research is an analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The study population of 46 patients with active treatment for the last 3 months in the work area of the community Health Center in Surabaya by 46 patients. Results: A sample of 41 respondents taken by simple random sampling technique. The independent variable is self-efficacy, the dependent variable is self-acceptance. The instrument uses a questionnaire. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test with significance value α = 0.05. The results showed that of 41 respondents the majority (57.3%) had low self-efficacy, and the majority (57.3%) had poor self-acceptance. Chi-Square statistical test results obtained value ρ = 0.008 &lt; a = 0.05 shows there is a relationship of self-efficacy with self-acceptance of patients with TB in the work area of the East Perak Health Center in Surabaya. Conclusions: Conclusions of the study that the lower the self-efficacy in patients with Tb the worse the self-acceptance and vice versa. Patients with TB should further improve their efficacy by always obeying health workers' advice and treatment regularly. The role of nurses in improving self-efficacy by providing education to sufferers and families, working together to care more, and motivate patients so that treatment success.

Self-Efficacy of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus The Use Herbs

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia that can cause it. Self-efficacy is a factor that contributes to preventing complications. This study aims to explore self-efficacy in managing blood sugar levels in patients with DM. This study was a cross sectional study, with a sample size of 125 T2DM patients who used herbs and carried out controls to the public health center in Surabaya. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis and Spearman analysis. The self-efficacy value obtained is 52% having low self-efficacy. Patients with DM, have a low self-efficacy regarding dietary management (59.2%) and the use of herbs as a complement to treatment was high (80%). There was a relationship between self-efficacy of eating management, physical activity, and herbal use with random blood sugar levels, with p values of 0.017, 0.023, and 0.040, respectively. Self-efficacy is an important part that can support the success of T2DM patients in managing blood sugar levels. T2DM patients who use herbs have low self-efficacy, which has the potential to reduce self-care behavior. Nurses must support patients in self-care by paying attention to patient self-efficacy

The Experience of Indonesian Men Living with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Erectile Dysfunction: A Semi-structured Interview Study

Erectile dysfunction (ED) in men living with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia is rarely discussed. This study explored the lived experiences of young- to middle-aged Indonesian men living with T2DM and ED to identify the related healthcare support they received from their local public health center. A qualitative-descriptive approach was used to elicit the experiences of twelve men with T2DM who were recruited from a public health center in Surabaya. Using guiding questions, individual interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated to English and then thematically analyzed. Most men in this study experienced ED, with participants’ responses to ED ranging from acceptance to feeling afraid to acknowledge ED to their wife or displaying anger towards their wife. Despite reporting they needed information about ED related to T2DM, participants reported an absence of discussion about ED with health professionals during regular T2DM appointments. Men reported not raising the issue themselves as they felt ashamed or embarrassed. Some men engaged in high-risk self-management behaviors, such as using off-street medications to try and fix their ED while others sought other forms of intimacy with their wife. This study’s findings present previously unreported healthcare experiences of Indonesian men with T2DM and ED. Although routinely visiting healthcare professionals in public health settings for T2DM management, the men in this study did not receive assessment or healthcare around ED. The men would have appreciated the opportunity to discuss their ED and explore treatment options. Future studies are recommended to explore how men with T2DM and ED, and their wives, can be supported by healthcare professionals to improve health and wellbeing outcomes.

ANALISIS FAILURE MODE EFFECT (FMEA) PADA PENGADAAN OBAT DAN PERBEKALAN KESEHATAN PADA ERA JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL DI PUSKESMAS WONOKROMO SURABAYA

Drug services in Public Healthcare are an important component whose availability influences the success of health efforts. District / City Health Office is a regional government work unit in the health sector, one of the tasks and authorities of which is to provide and manage public medicines for the district/city area. Effective pharmaceutical management in health service facilities is very important for patient welfare so risks must be identified and controlled. One of the efforts made by the City Health Office is to procure drugs using other methods that are legal according to government procurement of goods/services besides e-purchasing, which is called non-e-purchasing of drugs. Risks in the pharmaceutical supply chain are related to product discontinuity, product shortages, poor performance, patient safety, expense errors, and technological errors, all of which can result in system disruption. This study aims to determine the suitability of the plan with the realization of e- purchasing of drugs, identify problems that hamper the implementation of e-purchasing of drugs, determine the impact of obstacles on procurement, cost efficiency of drug procurement and determine the potential savings of drug procurement by e-purchasing for the period 2015 to 2019 by using the FMEA method, the e-purchasing data was collected at the Wonokromo Public Health Center in Surabaya. Study Failure Mode Effect (FMEA) in the procurement of drugs and UHC health supplies in Surabaya Wonokromo Health Center for the period of 2015-2019, it can be concluded that the absorption of capitation funds is more considered using the availability variable compared to the uptake of funds based on the rupiah value because the availability of more guarantees the need for treatment in the sustainable health centre. In this case, the perception of procurement actors in the analysis of UHC procurement process obstacles there are 41 obstacles, the role of E-purchasing is a very helpful system even though the implementation has not been perfect.

Reflections on the Community Empowerment in Giving Exclusive Breastfeeding

Background: Less than 40 percent of children under the age of six months were given exclusive breastfeeding(WHO, 2015). Therefore, this study will fundamentally analyze qualitatively the community empowermentmodel related to exclusive breastfeeding so that the target of achieving exclusive breastfeeding can beachieved progressively and effectively. Method: The type of research used was qualitative research Thedescriptive explorative approach was chosen in accordance with the research objectives of exploring theperspectives, experiences, and expectations of breastfeeding mothers and related parties. The study wasconducted in five community health center in Surabaya. Data collection was carried out through indepthinterview with breastfeeding mothers. Total respondents was 50 people. The process of data analysis used thenine-step data interpretation method according to Colluizi. Result: there were 7 themes and 24 categories.The theme were: miss perception, benefits of breastmilk, support, obstacles, myth, cureent prohram, andexpectation. Discussion: Good cooperation between family, government, and institutions where motherswork is needed to achieve exclusive breastfeeding. in addition, massive exclusive breastmilk educationthrough social media and advertising is an urgent need.

Determinant of Latent Pulmonary Tuberculosis Incidence among Health Workers in Community Health Centers in Surabaya, Indonesia

About 2 billion people in the world are infected with latent TB, and 5-10% of them will develop into active TB. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between nutritional status, behavior, duration of work, comorbidities, and workplace ventilation with the incidence of latent pulmonary TB. This type of research is an observational cross sectional analytic, a sample of research of poly TB analysts and nurses from 13 health centers in Surabaya, a sample of 30 people. Statistical analysis with Chi Square and t-2 test samples were free with a=0.05. The results of this study are: The proportion of latent TB incidence is (46.70%) and 85.71% of them are women. None of the respondents detected DM, and none of the history had HIV, silicosis or hepatitis. All workplace ventilation is not good. There was no relationship between nutritional status, behavior, duration of work and the incidence of latent pulmonary TB. The conclusions from the study are, 1) The proportion of health center health workers affected by latent pulmonary TB infection is 46.70%, 2) There is no relationship between nutritional status, length of work, and behavior of health center health workers in Surabaya with latent pulmonary TB incidence. The highest incidence of latent pulmonary TB occurred in those with a working period of five years or more, with the highest education in D3 medical analysts/akper. All workplace ventilation is not good. The highest incidence of latent pulmonary TB (42.86%) in employees at the PRM Health Center (microscopic referral health center).

The Influences of Antenatal Care, Postnatal Care and Early Initiation of Breastfeeding on an Exclusive Breastfeeding Pattern in the Working Area of Manukan Kulon Public Health Center at Surabaya City

Exclusive breastfeeding is very important for babies to maintain their immune system, brain intelligence,emotion stability and to protect babies from various diseases that are causes of death. Breastfeeding willalso benefit the mother, which will reduce blood loss during menstruation, restore maternal weight as beforepregnancy, reduce the risk of breast cancer, and uterine cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine theinfluences of antenatal care, postnatal care and early initiation of breastfeeding on an exclusive breastfeedingpattern. The samples used in this study were mothers who had babies aged 7-12 months in June to August2018 as many as 48 respondents in the working area of Manukan Kulon Health Center in Surabaya. Thisstudy used the descriptive and bivariate analyses. The obtained results were antenatal care (p = 0.001),postnatal care (p = 0.002) and early initiation of breastfeeding (p = 0,000). During pregnancy the majority ofmothers make complete antenatal care visits with a frequency of 10 times, antenatal care is very importantfor mothers, especially the pattern of breastfeeding. In addition to the importance of antenatal care visits,mothers who have given birth and are entering the postnatal care phase are required to make postnatal carevisits. Socialization from health workers and the support of closest people are required in order to achievethe exclusive breastfeeding.

Analysis of oral health knowledge improvement of pregnant mothers using oral health monitoring mobile application

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness and contributing factors of the oral health knowledge improvement of pregnant mother using mobile application. Materials and Methods: A presented cross-sectional analytical study had 47 respondents that were obtained using simple random sampling from pregnant mother population in the health center in Surabaya, Indonesia. Data were collected by examining periodontal health using Community Periodontal Index (CPI) questionnaires to assess the risk factors, and pre- and posttest to measure the knowledge increment. The pretest was conducted before the respondents were given counseling about this oral health monitoring mobile application. Pregnant women are given educational material about the importance of maintaining oral health, especially the health of periodontal tissue during pregnancy. Statistically, descriptive test was used to describe the respondent distribution data. Paired t test was used to compare the knowledge improvement between pretest and posttest scores. Linear regression test was used to analyze the contributing factors of knowledge improvement of the respondents. Results: There was a significant (P < 0.05) improvement in the mean score of posttest (87%) compared to pretest (56%). The contributing factors in respondents’ knowledge improvement were their number of dental visits (P = 0.04) and their experience in periodontal disease as shown in their CPI score (P = 0.010). Conclusion: Oral health monitoring mobile application can be used as dental health promotion media of pregnant women, supported with their dental checkup and periodontal disease experience.