Attitudes Of Health Care Providers Research Articles

Healthcare providers’ perspectives on sustaining respectful maternity care appreciated by mothers in five hospitals of Rwanda

BackgroundChildbirth reserves respect, as emphasized by the World Health Organization in 2018, and the focus towards the need for positive, dignified delivery experiences has become an integral aspect of Respectful Maternity Care (RMC). It is a known fact that RMC is pivotal for favourable birth outcomes and contributes to the satisfaction of maternity care. The absence of RMC negatively affects women's and newborns’ rights. The study aimed to explore healthcare providers’ perspectives on sustaining RMC actions that mothers previously reported.MethodologyThis study was conducted in five hospitals in the Eastern province of Rwanda, involving 5 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with midwives and nurses. For interviews, we purposively selected 5-unit managers and five physicians. Additionally, 40 midwives and nurses were recruited for the FGDs. The research utilized the Dream phase of Appreciative Inquiry (AI) for interviews and Focus Groups. Data collection aimed to gain insights into Healthcare Providers’ perceptions of how RMC is provided and how to establish and sustain RMC in Rwandan health facilities. Nvivo 12 was employed for organizing codes and creating a codebook, and thematic analysis was applied.ResultsFour themes with sub-themes emerged. Namely, 1) Women-centered care, with Compassionate care, Privacy and confidentiality maintenance, Information provision and Liberty in decision making, Effective communication, Family involvement, Cleanliness, and Equality care. 2) Professionalism compliance with Motivated staff, Teamwork, Continuous development, Quality work provision, and Community trust. 3) RMC encounters 4) RMC sustenance.Conclusion and recommendationsThe continuous pursuit of high RMC standards in Rwanda involves improving childbirth experiences through utilizing existing resources, ongoing improvement, and sustaining achievements. Key recommended actions in this study for sustaining RMC encompass promoting women-centred care, enhancing healthcare provider attitudes, ensuring professionalism, building community trust, maintaining conducive health facility environments, and involving leadership.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of future health care providers about self-medication in a private medical college in Lahore Pakistan

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of future health care providers about self-medication in a private medical college in Lahore Pakistan

The contribution of birth plans to shared decision-making from the perspectives of women, their partners and their healthcare providers.

The birth plan is a document expressing a pregnant woman's childbirth preferences, enabling communication of expectations and facilitating discussions among women, their partners, and healthcare providers for key birthing decisions. There has been limited research on the role of birth plans in shared decision-making (SDM). Our study aims to explore how the use of birth plans can contribute to SDM from women's, partners, and healthcare providers' perspectives. We conducted in-depth interviews with women, their partners, and their healthcare providers. We used a thematic analysis to identify themes and subthemes. Furthermore, we created a grounded theory about the role of birth plans as a tool in SDM. Three main themes were created: ''Creating a birth plan", ''Getting all on board" and ''Birth plans in the daily practice of decision-making". Most women, partners, and healthcare providers agreed that birth plans can facilitate communication and SDM. Women and their partners viewed the birth plan as a tool to prepare for birth. Most healthcare providers mentioned the birth plan as a tool to get to know the women, their partners, and their preferences. Barriers are the attitude of healthcare providers toward birth plans, such as their evident resistance to the birth plan itself or to certain preferences. Another barrier is the assumption women and their partners may have that these plans can accurately predict the childbirth experience, enhancing the chance of a disappointing, negative experience. Some healthcare providers view birth plans as barriers to SDM. The use of a birth plan seems to promote women's, partners', and healthcare providers' involvement in the birth process, and seems suitable to facilitate SDM. Further research is required to explore strategies for overcoming barriers, including healthcare providers' attitudes toward birth plans and the expectations of women and their partners regarding their role.

Attitudes, Self-Confidence, and Knowledge of Primary Care Professionals towards School Bullying.

Attitudes, practices, and knowledge about bullying were evaluated in a sample of 274 primary care professionals, including general practitioners, pediatricians, community, pediatric and school nurses, and residents of these specialties. This study was based on a mixed method with a parallel convergent design without dominance between phases, data were collected concurrently, and conversion of the results from both phases was carried out during data interpretation. The quantitative phase had a cross-sectional observational design, using The Healthcare Provider's Practices, Attitudes, Self-confidence, and Knowledge Regarding Bullying Questionnaire as an instrument. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed, which showed a positive correlation between higher self-confidence and knowledge scores and a greater predisposition to detect cases. However, although the dimensions of attitudes and knowledge yielded generally high data, low self-confidence was evident in addressing this problem. In addition, a lack of clear guidelines in the workplace was expressed, highlighting the need to create and provide specific resources to intervene in bullying in said context, which could develop an improvement in self-confidence, leading to greater well-being for the educational community regarding bullying.

Improving kidney care for people with severe mental health difficulties: A thematic analysis of personal and family members' perspectives.

People with severe mental health difficulties (SMHDs) often have poorer access to kidney healthcare. To better understand the barriers and facilitators to kidney healthcare for this population, we conducted interviews with nine individuals with SMHDs and four family members. Through reflexive thematic analysis, we generated three themes: (1) 'One size doesn't fit all' describes the need for individualised kidney healthcare, adapted to meet the specific needs of each person with a SMHD. (2) 'You just can't say, "I'm only dealing with your kidney here"' describes how fragmentation of physical and mental healthcare services can lead to poorer outcomes for people with SMHDs, underscoring the need for coordinated care. (3) 'Just treat me with respect' describes the impact of healthcare provider attitudes. Overall, participants praised the dedication and kindness of renal clinicians. However, some participants also described experiences of stigma and discrimination, and called for additional education for healthcare providers regarding SMHDs.

Health care providers attitude towards safe abortion care and its associated factors in Northwest, Ethiopia, 2021: a health facility-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundA negative attitude towards abortion among health care providers providing abortion services could be an obstacle even under a law, which permits abortion on request. Healthcare providers are expected to perform and be change agents of abortion services. However, little information is known about the attitude toward safe abortion among healthcare providers in Ethiopia.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess health care provider’s attitudes towards safe abortion care and its associated factors at the public health facilities of Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA health facility-based cross-sectional study was employed from March 1 to 30/2021 among 416 health-care providers. The data were collected by computer-based generated simple random sampling technique, entered, coded, and cleaned using Epi data version 4.2 and analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 25.0. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95% and a P-value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsThe response rate of the study was 99.3%, and 70.2% [95% CI: 65.6–74.6] of health-care providers had a favorable attitude towards safe abortion care. Multivariable analysis indicated that health care providers who are found in the age group of 25–29, 30–34, and ≥ 35 years [AOR = 3.34, 95% CI = 1.03–10.85], [AOR = 4.58, 95% CI = 1.33- 15.83] and [AOR = 5.30, 95% CI = 1.43–19.66] respectively, male health care providers [AOR = 3.20, 95% CI = 1.55–6.60], midwives [AOR = 6.50, 95% CI = 2.40–17.44], working at hospital [AOR = 4.77, 95% CI = 1.53–14.91], ever trained on safe abortion [AOR = 5.09, 95% CI = 2.29–11.32], practicing of an abortion procedure [AOR = 2.52, 95%, CI = 1.13–5.60], knowledge of abortion [AOR = 7.35, 95% CI = 3.23–16.71], awareness on revised abortion law [AOR = 6.44, 95% CI = 3.15–13.17] and need further legalization of abortion law [AOR = 11.78, 95% CI = 5.52–24.26] were associated with a favorable attitude towards safe abortion care.ConclusionsHealthcare providers who had a favorable attitude toward safe abortion care were relatively high compared to the previous studies. Age, sex, profession, workplace, training, knowledge, and practice-related factors were associated with a favorable attitude toward safe abortion. This study indicated that, a need for intervention to help improve the attitude of healthcare providers toward safe abortion care, especially for those working in the maternity care units.

Healthcare provider's experience and attitude towards the national health insurance program of Nepal

Healthcare provider's experience and attitude towards the national health insurance program of Nepal

Attitudes of Health Care Providers in Relation to Disability, Saudi Arabia

Abstract Background Among the main barriers that prevent people with disabilities from seeking help and support are negative attitudes of society in general and health care professionals in particular. However, only a few studies looked into the attitudes of health care providers toward people with disabilities in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of health care providers in relation to people with disabilities. Participants and Methods The attitudes toward disabled persons (ATDP) scale was administered among n = 1,033 health care providers in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The data were analyzed using JASP version 19 and Orange 3.26.0. Demographic data were analyzed using dummy encoding. Results The mean ATDP score for 1,033 respondents was 58.03 (p = 0.000). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that respondents aged 24 to 25 years have significantly less positive attitudes, compared to participants aged 18 to 20 years (p = 0.004). No sufficient evidence was found whether marital status significantly affects attitudes toward people with disabilities. In contrast, participants with three or more children have a significantly (p = 0.014) less positive attitude compared to those who do not have children. Conclusion This study found that, overall, health care professionals had slightly negative attitudes, according to the ATDP scale. However, younger respondents and those without children were more positive. Future research is recommended to collect more data on the significance of having children and its association with attitudes toward disabilities. More educational programs are recommended that can increase attitudes and awareness about people with disabilities.

Unraveling the Tapestry of Pain: A Comprehensive Review of Ethnic Variations, Cultural Influences, and Physiological Mechanisms in Pain Management and Perception.

The medical management of pain is a nuanced challenge influenced by sociocultural, demographic, and ethical factors. This review explores the intricate interplay of these dimensions in shaping pain perception and treatment outcomes. Sociocultural elements, encompassing cultural beliefs, language, societal norms, and healing practices, significantly impact individuals' pain experiences across societies. Gender expectations further shape these experiences, influencing reporting and responses. Patient implications highlight age-related and socioeconomic disparities in pain experiences, particularly among the elderly, with challenges in managing chronic pain and socioeconomic factors affecting access to care. Healthcare provider attitudes and biases contribute to disparities in pain management across racial and ethnic groups. Ethical considerations, especially in opioid use, raise concerns about subjective judgments and potential misuse. The evolving landscape of placebo trials adds complexity, emphasizing the importance of understanding psychological and cultural factors. In conclusion, evidence-based guidelines, multidisciplinary approaches, and tailored interventions are crucial for effective pain management. By acknowledging diverse influences on pain experiences, clinicians can provide personalized care, dismantle systemic barriers, and contribute to closing knowledge gaps, impacting individual and public health, well-being, and overall quality of life.

Healthcare providers' attitudes and associated factors on palliative care referral: A qualitative systematic review and meta-aggregation.

Early referral to palliative care has been viewed as providing opportunity for accomplishing end-of-life care goals of life closure, comfortable dying and effective grieving. However, previous studies have shown that palliative care referrals are being made too late. Healthcare providers play important role in helping terminally ill patients to early access and being referred to palliative care. It is necessary to understand healthcare providers' attitudes on palliative care referral and associated factors regarding referrals. This review aimed to identify and synthesise healthcare providers' attitudes and associated factors on palliative care referrals systematically. A systematic review of qualitative evidence and meta-aggregation was conducted and guided according to PRISMA guideline. PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane databases from inception to 24 October 2022. Database searches yielded 5856 references. Twenty-two studies met eligibility criteria and of moderate to high methodological quality were included. Studies occurred in USA, UK, Australia and France with 716 healthcare providers participants were included. A total of 378 codings were finally extracted and integrated into 41 categories, forming three synthesised findings: (1) Healthcare providers' attitudes towards palliative care referrals, (2) the influence of subjective norms on palliative care referral behaviour and (3) perceived behavioural control on palliative care referral behaviour. This review demonstrates a series of factors that affect the palliative care referrals, including the attitudes of healthcare providers, the participation of patients and families, the support of colleagues and supervisors, inter-professional collaboration, the availability of hospice resource, disease trajectory and socio-economic factors. Further research that addresses these factors and design relevant trainings on improving healthcare providers' attitudes, enhancing patient and family engagement, strengthening support networks and optimising resource allocation may aid to meet increasing demands of patients. This review not only guides healthcare providers in making better decisions about patient referrals by identifying and addressing barriers but also aids in the development of effective interventions that facilitate the early initiation of referrals. No patient or public contribution.

When addressing resources is not enough: lessons learned from a respectful maternal and neonatal care provider training intervention evaluation in Kenya and Tanzania

BackgroundRespectful Maternal and Neonatal Care (RMNC) maintains and respects a pregnant person’s dignity, privacy, informed choice, and confidentiality free from harm and mistreatment. It strives for a positive pregnancy and post-pregnancy care experiences for pregnant people and their families, avoiding any form of obstetric violence. Though RMNC is now widely accepted as a priority in obstetric care, there is a gap in resources and support tools for healthcare wproviders to clearly understand the issue and change long-established practices such as non-humanized caesarean sections. MSI Reproductive Choices (MSI) manages 31 maternities across 7 countries with a zero-tolerance approach towards disrespectful maternity care and obstetric violence. MSI developed and implemented a hybrid training package, which includes an online module and 1-day in-person workshop that allows healthcare providers to explore their beliefs and attitudes towards RMNC. It leverages methodologies used in Values-Clarification-Attitudes-Transformation (VCAT) workshops and behaviour change approaches.MethodsThe impact of this training intervention was measured from the healthcare providers’ and patients’ perspectives. Patient experience of (dis)respectful care was collected from a cross-sectional survey of antenatal and postnatal patients attending MSI maternities in Kenya and Tanzania before and following the RMNC training intervention. Healthcare providers completed pre- and post-workshop surveys at day 1, 90 and 180 to measure any changes in their knowledge, attitudes and perception of intended behaviours regarding RMNC.ResultsThe results demonstrate that healthcare provider knowledge, attitudes and perceived RMNC practices can be improved with this training interventions. Patients also reported a more positive experience of their maternity care following the training.ConclusionRMNC is a patient-centred care priority in all MSI maternities. The training bridges the gap in resources currently available to support changes in healthcare wproviders’ attitudes and behaviours towards provision of RMNC. Ensuring health system infrastructure supports compassionate obstetric care represents only the first step towards ensuring RMNC. The results from the evaluation of this RMNC provider training intervention demonstrates how healthcare provider knowledge and attitudes may represent a bottleneck to ensuring RMNC that can be overcome using VCAT and behaviour change approaches.

"I'll take them another day": A qualitative study exploring the socio-behavioral complexities of childhood vaccination in urban poor settlements.

Despite improvement over recent decades, childhood vaccination uptake remains a concern across countries. The World Health Organization observed that over 25 million children missed out on one or more vaccines in 2021, with urban poor and other marginalized groups being the most affected. Given the higher risk of disease transmission and vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) outbreaks across densely populated urban slums, identifying effective interventions to improve childhood vaccination in this vulnerable population is crucial. This study explored the behavioral and social factors influencing childhood vaccination uptake in urban informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. A grounded theory approach was employed to develop a theoretical account of the socio-behavioral determinants of childhood vaccination. Five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with purposively sampled caregivers of children under five years of age residing in informal settlements. The Theory of Planned Behavior guided the structuring of the FGD questions. An iterative process was used to analyze and identify emerging themes. Thirty-nine caregivers (median age 29 years) participated in the FGDs. From the analysis, four main thematic categories were derived. These included attitude factors such as perceived vaccine benefits, cultural beliefs, and emotional factors including parental love. Additionally, subjective norms, like fear of social judgment, and perceived behavioral control factors, such as self-control and gender-based influences, were identified. Furthermore, a number of practical factors, including the cost of vaccines and healthcare providers attitude, also affected the uptake of vaccination. Various social, behavioral, cultural, and contextual factors influence caregiver vaccination decisions in urban poor settings. Community-derived and context-specific approaches that address the complex interaction between socio-behavioral and other contextual factors need to be tested and applied to improve the timely uptake of childhood vaccinations among marginalized populations.

Experiences and attitudes of task-shifting and task-sharing of physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants in hospitals: a qualitative systematic review protocol.

The objective of this review is to explore the experiences and attitudes of physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants regarding task-shifting and task-sharing in hospitals. Despite multiple health care professionals performing overlapping tasks, the need for effective task-shifting and task-sharing remains a concern. Understanding task-shifting and task-sharing experiences, as well as the attitudes of health care providers in hospitals, is essential for providing safe and patient-appropriate care with limited human resources. Qualitative studies that examine the experiences and attitudes of physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants in hospitals regarding task-shifting and task-sharing will be included. The review will include physicians, advanced practice nurses who are nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists, registered nurses, and nursing assistants. Midwives, pharmacists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and students will be excluded. PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database, and Web of Science will be searched as part of a 3-step search strategy. We will search for unpublished research and gray literature using Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Studies published in English or Japanese from the time each database was established to the present will be considered for inclusion. The methodological quality of all studies will be evaluated by screening against the inclusion criteria and by at least 2 critical evaluations using the standardized JBI checklist. Synthesized results will be pooled by meta-aggregation and published as a ConQual Summary of Findings. PROSPERO CRD42023409612.

Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Healthcare Providers Regarding Halal Pharmaceuticals

Background The intersection of religious beliefs and medical practices significantly impacts medication usage and patient adherence to treatment regimens. Emerging within this discourse is the concept of halal pharmaceuticals, emphasizing the alignment of therapeutic drugs with religious beliefs. Despite its importance, there is limited awareness among healthcare providers (HCPs) regarding their ingredients, standards, and manufacturing processes, particularly in the Middle East region. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) of HCPs concerning Halal pharmaceuticals, which are crucial for addressing the growing concerns among patients and consumers. Methods A cross-sectional survey involved diverse HCPs (physicians, pharmacists, and nurses) in Jordan. The survey encompassed demographic data, knowledge about Halal pharmaceuticals, attitudes, and perceptions. Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses were performed to examine the associations between demographic variables and KAP scores. Results A total of 381 HCPs participated in the study. While HCPs generally had a high level of knowledge, gaps existed, particularly concerning pharmaceutical composition and Halal alternatives. Attitudes and perceptions were mostly positive or neutral, though variations occurred among professions. Pharmacists exhibited significantly higher knowledge scores compared to physicians and nurses. Information sources included academic institutions, peers, religious and educational books, and online resources. Factors, such as age, marital status, religion, education type, insurance type, working place, and years of experience significantly influenced the KAP scores of participants. Conclusion Tailored educational interventions are critical for addressing knowledge gaps, fostering positive attitudes, and ensuring culturally sensitive healthcare related to Halal pharmaceuticals. Leveraging diverse information sources and tailoring education based on demographics can enhance understanding. Improved knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions enable HCPs to meet the needs of diverse patient populations and provide safe, Halal-compliant medications. Additionally, further research into the perspectives and willingness of patients to pay for Halal pharmaceuticals is essential to ensuring equitable access to pharmaceutical care services.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare providers and clients toward child abuse in Tabriz

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare providers and clients toward child abuse in Tabriz

A Qualitative Study of Caregivers of Children Living with HIV/AIDS in Ghana: Diagnosis History, Health-seeking Behaviour, and Care Expectations

Caregivers of Children Living with HIV/AIDS experience severe burdens in Africa amidst unmet needs while seeking care from hospitals. This study aimed to explore the diagnosis history, health-seeking behaviour, and care provided by hospitals and whether the services meet caregivers’ expectations. We used a qualitative approach and conducted individual in-depth interviews among purposively sampled caregivers of children living with HIV/AIDS from three hospitals. We achieved data sufficiency after interviewing nine participants. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed manually through Collaizi’s steps. Four themes developed including; history of pregnancy and poor HIV testing, effective care for caregivers and CLWH, attitude of healthcare providers, and unmet expectations of care. Healthcare providers showed positive attitudes towards caregivers and provided services (counselling, dispensing Anti-retrovirals, health monitoring, and coordination of clinical care). Expectations bordered on financial support (for food, education, health care), and treatment for opportunistic infections. Findings indicate gaps in HIV voluntary testing for pregnant women, enrollment in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT), and unmet needs. It is imperative to improve coverage of testing for pregnant women and efforts made to meet their needs. Financial support, provision of food security, and assistance for caregivers are essential for care.

Examination of medical student and physician attitudes towards suicide reveals need for required training.

The attitudes of healthcare providers towards suicidal patients are known to influence their motivation to treat patients during a suicidal crisis. Patients who attempted suicide are more likely to have recently visited a primary care provider who is not necessarily sufficiently trained in managing a suicidal patient rather than a mental health provider who is trained to do so. For those reasons, documenting medical students and physicians' attitudes towards suicide can help in the development of effective intervention training to prepare them to manage these types of patients. In this mini review, attitudes towards suicidal patients, the effectiveness of training on changing their attitudes are discussed. In summary, primary care providers are recognized as a top area where improvements can prevent suicides; providing proper suicide prevention training can effectively improve attitudes and quality of care for suicidal patients.

IJCM_217A: Literacy for health: Bridging the gap between female literacy and health seeking behaviour

Background: The private sector has maintained its dominance in the healthcare industry despite numerous government measures to improve public services. Public sector is still not a choice for treatment, various reasons being large distance from residence, poor quality of care, shortage of drugs, poor attitude of health care provider. Enumeration of the factors that defines pattern of the utilization of health services become utmost important. Hence, this study is being conducted to understand the factors behind the utilization of government health services. Objectives: i)To find the prevalence of Reproductive Tract Infections, among married women of reproductive age group, seeking treatment among rural and peri-urban areas of Aligarh. ii) To find the determinants of utilization of reproductive health services among married women in Aligarh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2020-2021 Data was collected through a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire through simple random sampling from 500 married women of reproductive age group, in the field areas registered under Department of Community Medicine, JNMCH A.M.U. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS 20.0. Proportion, frequencies, chi square were used to interpret the data. Results: Among total females interviewed 201 (40.2%) were found to have symptoms of Reproductive Tract Infections, out of them 165, (74.1%) sought treatment. Among 165 females who started treatment, 62.4 % of females seeking treatment were literate.69% females who delayed treatment were illiterate. Self-motivation for treatment was seen among 60.2 % of literate females. Area of residence, social class and female’s role in decision making also determined the treatment seeking behaviour. Conclusion: In our study female literacy has been found as major factor influencing the health seeking behaviour. Factors like place of residence, socio economic status, female role in decision making were significant. There is no denying the significant health benefits of supporting women’s education. Education has a crucial role in family planning, from the earliest stages to caring for one’s own health and newborn children.

Healthcare Providers’ knowledge, attitudes and practice in relation to drug hypersensitivity reactions at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh

BackgroundDrug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) are immune-mediated responses triggered by exposure to a drug. DHRs are responsible for serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and are considered the fifth leading cause of death. This study aims to assess and evaluate the knowledge, practice, and attitudes of healthcare providers (HCPs) towards DHRs. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Healthcare providers, including pharmacists, physicians, and nurses, were recruited using a convenience sampling method to complete the survey. The survey comprised three domains: knowledge (14 items), attitudes (5 items), and practices (6 items), utilizing a standardized self-administered questionnaire. ResultsThe survey was completed by 373 healthcare providers. The respondents were predominantly female (72.1 %) with a mean age of 33.8 ± 7.8 years. Of the respondents, 64 % were nurses, 25 % pharmacists, and 11.3 % physicians. Educational levels varied, with 53 % holding a bachelor's degree, 22 % an associate degree, and 25 % a master's degree or higher. The median knowledge score was 48. Female healthcare providers, those with advanced levels of education, and physicians had higher knowledge scores compared to male and nurse participants (p < 0.05). One-third of the respondents (33 %) were satisfied with their knowledge of DHRs, and 42 % believed HCPs should receive more advanced training in DHR management. Less than a quarter of HCPs reported inquiring about patients' histories of hypersensitivity reactions. ConclusionsThe study revealed that healthcare workers had a relatively low level of knowledge about drug hypersensitivity reactions and lacked a consensus on DHR management. While displaying a positive attitude towards DHRs, they often did not translate this attitude into consistent clinical practice.

The Attitude of Healthcare Providers and the General Population on the Concept of Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) Order in End-Stage Patients

Background: The do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order in end-stage patients constitutes a critical medical decision, directing healthcare providers to withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest upon the patient's request. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the attitudes of healthcare providers and the general population toward the concept of DNR orders in end-stage patients. Methods: Conducted from September 2021 to May 2022, this cross-sectional study aimed to gauge the attitudes of healthcare providers and the general population toward DNR orders in end-stage patients using a questionnaire assessing attitudes toward DNR. The research population included healthcare providers—physicians and nurses—from healthcare centers affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences, selected through convenience sampling, and the general population comprising individuals frequenting parks near these healthcare centers within the relevant municipal districts. Results: Among the 164 participating healthcare providers, 139 (84.8%) were female. Participants' ages ranged from 21 to 57 years, with an average age of 36.78 ± 7.79 years. The study found that healthcare providers had a significantly higher average attitude score toward DNR (29.85 ± 9.46) compared to the general population (27.08 ± 9.78). Healthcare providers with adequate financial status exhibited a more positive attitude toward DNR in end-stage patients compared to those with excellent or poor economic status (P = 0.001). Additionally, the relative frequency of individuals experiencing a poor prognosis of disease was significantly lower among healthcare personnel than the general population (P = 0.018). Healthcare providers without family members or friends in their end-stage of life demonstrated a more favorable attitude toward DNR for these patients (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The study revealed that healthcare providers exhibited a significantly more positive attitude toward DNR compared to the general population. Furthermore, healthcare providers experienced a lower relative frequency of individuals facing a poor prognosis of disease compared to the general population. However, the relative frequency of experiencing family members or friends in the end stage did not significantly differ between healthcare providers and the general population. Healthcare providers with less than 2 years or more than 20 years of experience in the medical field demonstrated a more positive attitude toward DNR.