Health Behavior Questionnaire Research Articles

Running toward substance use recovery: Does delay discounting mediate the relationship between physical activity and quality of life?

BackgroundRecovery from substance use disorders is multifactorial with psychosocial functioning, such as quality of life (QOL), playing a particularly important role. Delay discounting, the degree to which individuals devaluate a reinforcer as a function of the delay to its receipt, is associated with QOL. Moreover, evidence shows that physical activity may decrease delay discounting rates. The present study aims to examine associations among physical activity, delay discounting, and QOL, and investigate the mediating role of delay discounting in the relationship between physical activity and QOL domains. MethodsData was collected from the International Quit & Recovery Registry (IQRR), and comprised of 267 participants (67% women) who reported being in recovery from substance use disorders. Participants completed the Health Behaviors Questionnaire (physical activity was measured using the fitness domain), a delay discounting minute task (higher delay discounting rates indicate a preference for smaller, sooner rewards), the World Health Organization QOL questionnaire, as well as demographics and substance use disorders-related questions. Multivariate linear regression was used to test associations between physical activity with delay discounting, and physical activity with each QOL domain. Mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the mediating role of delay discounting in the relationship between physical activity and QOL domain. ResultsHigher levels of physical activity were associated with greater valuation of the future (lower delay discounting rates; p < .001) and higher levels of physical (p < .001), and environmental (p = .001) QOL. Delay discounting mediated the relationship between physical activity and physical (p = .004), and environmental (p < .001) QOL. ConclusionPhysical activity can be an important tool in the treatment and recovery of substance use disorders, as it is associated with future-oriented choices, which in turn contributes to improving the QOL of those individuals.

Zoom fatigue related to online learning among medical students in Thailand: Prevalence, predictors, and association with depression.

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the learning pattern of medical students shifted from onsite to online. This transition may contribute to what has been called "Zoom fatigue." This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Zoom fatigue related to online learning, identify associated factors of Zoom fatigue, and explore its correlation with depression among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1st to 6th-year Thai medical students. The online survey was administered using a demographic and health behavior questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Thai version of the Zoom Exhaustion & Fatigue Scale (ZEF-T). Among the 386 participating students, 221 (57%) were female, with a mean age of 20.6 years. The prevalence of high Zoom fatigue was 9.6%. In the multivariable regression analysis, a lower academic year and a higher number of online learning sessions were significant predictors of Zoom fatigue (p < 0.001), while regular exercise emerged as a protective factor (p = 0.009). The prevalence of depressive disorder was 61.9%, and a significant correlation was found between having a depressive disorder and experiencing Zoom fatigue (p = 0.004). Zoom fatigue among medical students was correlated with depression. Consequently, medical students experiencing Zoom fatigue should undergo further assessment for depression. It is crucial to closely monitor medical students in lower academic years with a high number of online sessions for signs of Zoom fatigue. Additionally, implementing strategies, such as reducing the frequency of online sessions and promoting regular exercise, may help alleviate the symptoms.

Psychometric evaluation of the translated arabic version of the geriatrics health behavior questionnaire (GHBQ) for geriatric nurses: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe Geriatrics Health Behavior Questionnaire (GHBQ) is essential for assessing health-related behaviors among older adults populations. This study focuses on the translation, cultural adaptation, and psychometric evaluation of the Arabic version of the GHBQ to ensure its relevance and accuracy for Arabic-speaking older adults individuals.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at the Cairo University Educational Hospital’s outpatient clinic. The GHBQ was translated and culturally adapted through a systematic process, including initial translation, back-translation, expert review, and pilot testing. The psychometric properties of the Arabic-translated GHBQ were evaluated using a sample of 200 older adults Arabic-speaking participants. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha (α) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Validity was evaluated through Content Validity Index (CVI), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).ResultsThe Arabic GHBQ demonstrated excellent reliability with Cronbach’s alpha values ranging from 0.74 to 0.87 across subscales and ICC values confirming reproducibility (ICC = 0.82). The CVI indicated strong content validity (average CVI = 0.91). EFA revealed a five-factor structure, explaining 72% of the variance, with all factor loadings exceeding 0.60. CFA supported the questionnaire’s structure with fit indices meeting recommended criteria: χ²/df = 2.05, NFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.94, GFI = 0.90, SRMR = 0.05, AIC = 140.35, and BIC = 160.22. Criterion validity was confirmed through significant correlations with established health behavior measures (r = 0.63, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe culturally adapted Arabic version of the GHBQ is a reliable and valid tool for assessing health behaviors in the older adults population in Egypt. This instrument can aid healthcare providers in identifying and addressing health behaviors, ultimately improving the well-being of this demographic. Future research should focus on expanding the sample and comparing the GHBQ with other similar tools used in Arabic-speaking populations.

Assessment of lifestyle and health-related behaviors and correlates during the COVID-19 pandemic among Lebanese adults

IntroductionThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly become a worldwide threat to human health and has significantly impacted people’s lives and changed their lifestyles and health behaviors. This study aims to assess lifestyle and health-related behaviors (LHBs) and associated factors among the general population in Lebanon during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsAn online cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 Lebanese adults. The study questionnaire was developed on Google Forms in English and Arabic. It included self-reported questions about sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19, and perceived behavioral changes (smoking, alcohol consumption, sexual and hygiene behaviors, and intake of nutritional supplements and immunity-boosting foods). It also comprised three scales, i.e., the Lifestyle and Health Behaviors questionnaire (LHB-17), the WHO-5 Well-being Index, and the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S).ResultsThe mean age of participants was 29.74 ± 10.81 years, with 51.2% females. Most participants reported that COVID-19 negatively affected their LHBs, mainly diet, sleep, and psychological well-being, while physical activity aspects remained unaffected. Female gender (Unstandardized Beta (ß) = − 2.336), living in Lebanon (ß = − 7.502), nargileh smoking (ß = − 3.433), high BMI (ß = − 0.263), and increased daily usage of electronic devices during the COVID-19 lockdown (ß = − 0.853) were significantly associated with lower LHB-17 scores, indicating worsened LHB. However, living in urban areas (ß = 2.464), employment status (ß = 1.920), good overall health (ß = 3.543), a higher quality of life (ß = 0.204), and unaffected physical (ß = 2.101) and mental (ß = 1.586) health during the COVID-19 lockdown were all significantly associated with higher LHB-17 scores, reflecting positive LHB.ConclusionLebanese adults reported several unfavorable lifestyle changes and psychological problems during the lockdown due to COVID-19, particularly affecting women, non-workers, waterpipe smokers, electronic device heavy users, people of lower socioeconomic status, and those with chronic diseases. Health promotion strategies are needed to assess negative changes both in physical and mental health and maintain as many positive health-related behaviors as possible among the Lebanese population.

Associations between delay discounting and unhealthy behaviors in substance use recovery

BackgroundResearch on delay discounting (DD) is mixed on whether DD is a domain-specific component related to specific behaviors or a domain-general process that cuts across various behaviors. A pivotal group to test the associations between DD and unhealthy behaviors is individuals in recovery from substance use disorders (SUD), as they are moving away from a disorder toward a healthier state. MethodsIndividuals in SUD recovery (n = 317) completed the Temptation Scale, the Health Behaviors Questionnaire, and an Adjusting Delay Discounting Task. An exhaustive model space search was performed using linear regression to examine associations between DD with temptation, engagement in unhealthy behaviors, and the total number of unhealthy behaviors participants engage in. We also tested whether remission status is associated with the total number of unhealthy behaviors participants engage in. ResultsResults revealed that DD was positively associated with poor eating (p<.001), physical inactivity (p=.003), financial irresponsibility (p<.001), risky behaviors (p<.001), lack of personal development goals (p<.001), lack of household savings (p=.004), and lack of health behaviors (p=.003). DD was also positively associated with the total number of unhealthy behaviors participants engage in (p<.001). Participants who were not in remission engaged in more unhealthy behaviors compared to those who were in remission (p<.001). ConclusionIn a sample of individuals in recovery from SUD, DD is not domain-specific and undergirds engagement in several maladaptive health behaviors that can negatively impact recovery. Thus, DD can be a target for interventions aiming to reduce other maladaptive behaviors in SUD recovery.

Zoom fatigue related to online learning among medical students in Thailand: Prevalence, predictors, and association with depression

Background Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the learning pattern of medical students shifted from onsite to online. This transition may contribute to what has been called “Zoom fatigue.” This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Zoom fatigue related to online learning, identify associated factors of Zoom fatigue, and explore its correlation with depression among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1st to 6th-year Thai medical students. The online survey was administered using a demographic and health behavior questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Thai version of the Zoom Exhaustion &amp; Fatigue Scale (ZEF-T). Results Among the 386 participating students, 221 (57%) were female, with a mean age of 20.6 years. The prevalence of high Zoom fatigue was 9.6%. In the multivariable regression analysis, a lower academic year and a higher number of online learning sessions were significant predictors of Zoom fatigue (p &lt; 0.001), while regular exercise emerged as a protective factor (p = 0.009). The prevalence of depressive disorder was 61.9%, and a significant correlation was found between having a depressive disorder and experiencing Zoom fatigue (p = 0.004). Conclusion Zoom fatigue among medical students was correlated with depression. Consequently, medical students experiencing Zoom fatigue should undergo further assessment for depression. It is crucial to closely monitor medical students in lower academic years with a high number of online sessions for signs of Zoom fatigue. Additionally, implementing strategies, such as reducing the frequency of online sessions and promoting regular exercise, may help alleviate the symptoms.

Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder

This survey study uses data from the Mental Health and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire to examine the age at onset of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years who have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Hubungan Self-Esteem Remaja Awal Dengan Perilaku Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (Studi Pada Pelajar SMP di Kecamatan Karangpucung)

Self-esteem was a psychological aspect that not only affects mental heath, but also has an important contribution to physical health. Self-esteem was thought to be an aspect that affects early adolescents during puberty, impact on health behavior, one of them was oral health behavior. The aim of this research to determine the relationship between early adolescent self-esteem and oral health behavior in junior high school students in Karangpucung DistrictThis was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was 315 junior high school students in Karangpucung District with convenience sampling. Instrument in this study used a Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and oral health behavior questionnaire. The Spearman Rank correlation test used to determine the relationship between early adolescent self-esteem and oral health behavior in junior high school students in Karangpucung District. There was a significant relationship between adolescent self-esteem and oral health behavior toward positive, weak correlation strength (p=0,004, r=0,163). There was a relationship between early adolescent self-esteem and oral health behavior in junior high school students in Karangpucung District, namely students who have high self-esteem characteristics tend to have oral health behavior in the moderate category.

Value of Knowing: Health-Related Behavior Changes following Amyloid PET Results Disclosure in Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Growing evidence supports the clinical utility of amyloid PET, however, whether patients at risk for dementia use knowledge of their brain amyloid status to alter their health behaviors remains unclear. To explore the effect of amyloid PET results disclosure on self-reported health behaviors in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Self-reported health behaviors were a secondary outcome of the Return of Amyloid Imaging Scan Results (RAISR) randomized clinical trial of amyloid PET results disclosure for individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Academic medical center. RAISR study participants included 82 patients with mild cognitive impairment who were 92% non-Hispanic white, 59% male, and, on average, 73 ± 8.61 years old with 16.25 ± 2.49 years of education. Participants were assigned to a scan group with the opportunity to have an amyloid PET scan and learn their results or to a control group consisting only of a mild cognitive impairment education session and no opportunity for an amyloid PET scan. A 14-item health behavior questionnaire supplemented with qualitative data from the open-ended text entries to describe "other" health behaviors and follow-up semi-structured interviews. Baseline assessments were conducted prior to group assignment. For the present analysis, 71 participants had available data and scan group participants were divided by amyloid status, creating three groups for comparison: amyloid positive, amyloid negative, and control (no scan). Over 12 months of follow-up, no significant differences were observed in lifestyle, vitamin/supplement use, stress reduction activities, cognitive stimulation, or advance directive completion. Amyloid-negative participants were less likely than controls to consider long-term care insurance (63.6% vs. 89.2%; P = .025), and to endorse behaviors classified as "other" (36.4% vs. 64.9%; P = 0.037). After adjusting for education level, gender, and Mini-Mental State Exam score, logistic regression showed that amyloid-negative patients were 74% less likely than controls to report "other" behaviors (OR = 0.26, 95% CI [0.08, 0.85], P = 0.025), and 78% less likely to consider long-term care insurance (OR= 0.22, 95% CI [0.06, 0.86], P = 0.03). Qualitative analysis of open-ended questionnaire data and supplemental interviews with scan group participants revealed "other" activities to include changes in areas like employment, driving, and residential status, and engagement in other non-medical activities (e.g., pursuing bucket lists). This exploratory analysis of health-related behavior changes following amyloid PET disclosure suggests that the value of knowing one's brain amyloid status may differ by scan result and encompass actions that focus more on maximizing quality of life than promoting cognitive health.

EFFECT OF AMYLOID PET RESULTS DISCLOSURE ON HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS IN PERSONS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

Abstract Mounting evidence supports the clinical utility of amyloid PET. However, whether patients use knowledge of their amyloid status to alter health behaviors remains unclear. We describe health-related actions taken by Mild Cognitive Impairment patients following amyloid PET disclosure (n=34) vs. a comparison group (n=37). Patients were 92% non-Hispanic white, 59% male, 73±8.61 years old with 16.25±2.49 years of education. Over 12 months of follow-up, all participants reported at least one behavior change from baseline on a 14-item health behavior questionnaire. Amyloid positive patients reported the most behavior changes (mean=4.67±1.83) while amyloid negative patients reported the fewest (mean=3.72±1.58). Across groups, no significant differences were observed in: lifestyle, vitamin/supplement use, stress reduction activities, cognitive stimulation, or advance directive completion. Amyloid negative participants were significantly less likely than controls to consider long-term care insurance (63.6% vs. 89.2%; P=.025), and to endorse changes classified as “other” (36.4% vs. 64.9%; P=0.037). After adjusting for education level, gender, and MMSE, logistic regression showed that amyloid negative patients were 74% less likely than controls to report “other” changes (OR=0.26, 95% CI [0.08, 0.85], P=0.025), and 78% less likely to consider long-term care insurance (OR=0.22, 95% CI [0.06, 0.86], P=0.03). Qualitative analysis of supplemental interviews with scan group participants revealed “other” activities to include changes in employment, driving, and residential status, and engagement in other non-medical activities (pursuing bucket lists and mending strained relationships). Health-related behavior changes following amyloid PET disclosure may differ by scan result and encompass actions to enhance not only cognition but quality of life.

Longitudinal Sleep Patterns and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

Sleep disturbances and clinical sleep disorders are associated with all-cause dementia and neurodegenerative conditions, but it remains unclear how longitudinal changes in sleep impact the incidence of cognitive impairment. To evaluate the association of longitudinal sleep patterns with age-related changes in cognitive function in healthy older adults. This cross-sectional study is a retrospective longitudinal analyses of the Seattle Longitudinal Study (SLS), which evaluated self-reported sleep duration (1993-2012) and cognitive performance (1997-2020) in older adults. Participants within the SLS were enrolled as part of a community-based cohort from the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound and Health Maintenance Organization of Washington between 1956 and 2020. Data analysis was performed from September 2020 to May 2023. The main outcome for this study was cognitive impairment, as defined by subthreshold performance on both the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale. Sleep duration was defined by self-report of median nightly sleep duration over the last week and was assessed longitudinally over multiple time points. Median sleep duration, sleep phenotype (short sleep, median ≤7 hours; medium sleep, median = 7 hour; long sleep, median ≥7 hours), change in sleep duration (slope), and variability in sleep duration (SD of median sleep duration, or sleep variability) were evaluated. Of the participants enrolled in SLS, only 1104 participants who were administered both the Health Behavior Questionnaire and the neuropsychologic battery were included for analysis in this study. A total of 826 individuals (mean [SD] age, 76.3 [11.8] years; 468 women [56.7%]; 217 apolipoprotein E ε4 allele carriers [26.3%]) had complete demographic information and were included in the study. Analysis using a Cox proportional hazard regression model (concordance, 0.76) showed that status as a short sleeper (hazard ratio, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.59-8.50) and higher sleep variability (hazard ratio, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.14-5.49) were significantly associated with the incidence of cognitive impairment. In this community-based longitudinal study of the association between sleep patterns and cognitive performance, the short sleep phenotype was significantly associated with impaired cognitive performance. Furthermore, high sleep variability in longitudinal sleep duration was significantly associated with the incidence of cognitive impairment, highlighting the possibility that instability in sleep duration over long periods of time may impact cognitive decline in older adults.

The Relationship Between Breast Enlargement And Psychological Stress In Women: Mediating Effects Of Coping Styles

Aim: To study the interactions between breast hyperplasia and psychological stress and coping styles in women. Methods: A total of 230 women were examined, and 130 subjects with breast hyperplasia and 100 subjects without breast hyperplasia were selected and administered the Adult Version of the Coping Methods Questionnaire and the Health Perceptions and Behaviors Questionnaire. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between breast hyperplasia and psychological stress scores in women (R=0.177, P&lt;0.01), a significant negative correlation with positive coping style scores for coping methods (R=-0.153, P&lt;0.05), and a significant negative correlation between psychological stress and positive coping style (R=-0.268, P&lt;0.01). In the mediation effect test, it was found that women with breast enlargement not only acted directly on their psychological stress of health behaviors, but also indirectly through positive coping of coping styles. Conclusion: The use of positive coping styles in patients suffering from breast enlargement is able to reduce their level of psychological stress.

Healthier Together: Implementation and evaluation of a co-designed, culturally tailored childhood obesity community prevention program for Māori and Pacific Islander children and families.

Co-designed and culturally tailored preventive initiatives delivered in childhood have high potential to close the cross-cultural gap in health outcomes of priority populations. Māori and Pacific Islander people living in Australia exhibit a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity and higher rates of multimorbidity, including heart disease, cancer and diabetes. This mixed-methods, pilot implementation and evaluation study, aimed to evaluate the implementation of a community-based, co-designed and culturally tailored childhood obesity prevention program, using quantitative (pre-post anthropometric measurement, pre-post health behaviour questionnaire) and qualitative (semi-structured interview) methods. Sessions relating to healthy eating, physical activity and positive parenting practices were delivered to families residing in Brisbane (Australia) over 8-weeks. Data were collected from a total of 66 children (mean age 11, SD 4) and 38 parents (mean age 40, SD 8) of Māori and Pacific Islander background, from July 2018 to November 2019. Anthropometric changes included a reduction in Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score among 59% of children (median change -0.02, n = 38, p = 0.17) and BMI among 47% of adults (median change +0.06 kg/m2, n = 18, p = 0.64). Significant improvements (p < 0.05) in self-reported health behaviours from pre- to post-program included increased vegetable consumption among children, decreased discretionary food intake of children, decreased discretionary drink consumption among both children and adults, increased minutes of daily physical activity among adults and increased parental confidence in the healthy diets of their children. Qualitative data revealed participants valued the inclusion of all family members, learning of practical skills and cultural tailoring delivered by the Multicultural Health Coaches. This study provides preliminary evidence that the Healthier Together program improved self-reported health behaviours and physical activity levels among Māori and Pacific Islander children and their families in the short-term; however, due to the small sample size, these results must be interpreted carefully. The program empowered change via cultural tailoring and accessibility; however, long-term implementation and evaluation with a larger cohort is needed to validate the observed health behaviour improvements and their sustainability. SO WHAT?: The co-design framework that informed program development and key learnings of implementation will provide guidance to health practitioners, health workers, public health professionals and policy makers to develop inclusive and pragmatic co-design solutions for priority cultural populations in Australia. Health outcomes will improve as a result, promoting health equity for future generations.

Understanding the impact of radical changes in diet and the gut microbiota on brain function and structure: rationale and design of the EMBRACE study.

Bariatric surgery leads to profound changes in gut microbiota and dietary patterns, both of which may interact to impact gut-brain communication. Though cognitive function improves postsurgery, there is a large variability in outcomes. How bariatric surgery-induced modifications in the gut microbiota and dietary patterns influence the variability in cognitive function is still unclear. To elucidate the associations between bariatric surgery-induced changes in dietary and gut microbiota patterns with cognition and brain structure. University hospital. A total of 120 adult patients (≥30 years) scheduled to undergo a primary bariatric surgery along with 60 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched patients on the surgery waitlist will undergo assessments 3-months presurgery and 6- and 12-month postsurgery (or an equivalent time for the waitlist group). Additionally, 60 age-and sex-matched nonbariatric surgery eligible individuals will complete the presurgical assessments only. Evaluations will include sociodemographic and health behavior questionnaires, physiological assessments (anthropometrics, blood-, urine-, and fecal-based measures), neuropsychological cognitive tests, and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Cluster analyses of the dietary and gut microbiota changes will define the various dietary patterns and microbiota profiles, then using repeated measures mixed models, their associations with global cognitive and structural brain alterations will be explored. The coordinating study site (Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, QC, Canada), provided the primary ethical approval (Research Ethics Board#: MP-32-2022-2412). The insights generated from this study can be used to develop individually-targeted neurodegenerative disease prevention strategies, as well as providing critical mechanistic information.

Hubungan Pengetahuan tentang Menstruasi dengan Perilaku Kesehatan Peserta Didik SMAN 2 Padang untuk Mengantisipasi Dismenorea Primer

Students felt various complaints during menstruation, ranging from emotional ups and downs, dizziness and physical discomfort that interfered with daily activities such as lower abdominal pain, namely dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain in the lower abdomen that is felt by almost some women who are menstruating. The behavior experienced by students when they feel menstrual pain is related to the actions taken in seeking healing and anticipation before the pain interferes with activities. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge about menstruation and health behavior of students to anticipate primary dysmenorrhea. This type of research is a correlational descriptive research. The instruments used in this study were a knowledge test about menstruation and a health behavior questionnaire to anticipate primary dysmenorrhea. The population of this study were all female students of Class XI MIPA at SMAN 2 Padang. The research sample was 50 people using a purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it is known that the relationship between knowledge about menstruation and health behavior of students to anticipate primary dysmenorrhea is included in the sufficient category with a value of r = 0.441; with a tcount coefficient of 3.404 greater than the ttable coefficient of 2.01063. So, t count &gt; t table so it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship between the level of knowledge about menstruation and the health behavior of Class XI SMAN 2 Padang students to anticipate primary dysmenorrhea.

Internet-based assessment tools for predicting colorectal cancer risk: How do they communicate individualized risk to the young adult?

72 Background: Online prediction tools for cancer risk can inform individuals about their risk and potentially encourage adoption of risk-modifying health behavior. The Colorectal Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (CCRAT) is an interactive tool developed by the National Cancer Institute for estimating colorectal cancer (CRC) risk for individuals between the ages of 45 and 85 without high risk predisposing conditions. Given the rising incidence of CRC among young adults under age 50, we aimed to investigate the performance of CCRAT in estimating their CRC risk. Methods: An institutional protocol prospectively enrolled 563 patients newly diagnosed with non-hereditary CRC and administered a health behavior questionnaire at baseline. Self-reported demographics, diet and physical activity, medication use, and family history were extracted and entered into the CCRAT ( https://ccrisktool.cancer.gov/calculator.html ) to calculate their predicted 5-year and lifetime CRC risks. Health behaviors and the predicted CRC risks in reference to the population average were compared among three groups: youngest- (aged 18-44, N = 276, 49%), young- (aged 45-50, N = 178, 32%), and older-onset (aged &gt; 50, N = 109; 19%). Results: The patient groups did not significantly differ in gender or in family history of CRC, but the youngest group had significantly more non-White patients (27, 22, vs. 19%; p = 0.008) and distal tumors (80, 76 and 65%; p = 0.05). The youngest and young groups had a higher prevalence of morbid obesity (18 and 15% vs. 12%; p = 0.002) and active smokers (6 and 8% vs. 3%; p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in vegetable intake, moderate exercise, NSAID use, or female hormone use. The 5-year CRC risk was correctly predicted as “higher than average population” for a significantly smaller proportion of the youngest (42%) and young (45%) patients, when compared to their older counterpart (71%; p &lt; 0.001). Similarly, the tool communicated “higher than average” lifetime risk for CRC in only 56 and 60% of the youngest and young patients, but 72% of the older ones (p = 0.021). Conclusions: The existing risk prediction tool inadequately communicated CRC risk for adults younger than 50 years of age. Risk factors underlying young-onset CRC likely differ from and extend beyond those as currently assessed. New tools capturing age-specific risk factors are needed to accurately communicate individualized risk and potentially motivate risk-modifying lifestyles.

A pilot evaluation of the Food as Medicine program for patients with type 2 diabetes

The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Food as Medicine Program (modified and adapted based on supporting research of the Fresh Food Farmacy™ program) that was implemented at a southeast regional hospital with voluntary participants with diabetes. It was hypothesized that participants would experience a decline in type 2 diabetes symptoms following the 12-month program of bi-monthly healthy groceries, nutritional guidance, educational sessions, and group health coaching. For this initial pilot study, four cohorts of patients were admitted consisting of 20 participants. The 12-month program included bi-monthly food pick-ups, nutritional recipes, and bi-monthly group educational and health coaching sessions for participants. They also completed pre- and post-program assessments, including a medical history questionnaire, biometric screening (HbA1c, weight, BMI, and blood pressure), and health behavior questionnaires. While there were not statistically significant differences from pre- to post-program, mean HbA1c slightly decreased from the time of the initial test (i.e., month 1) to follow-up testing (i.e., month 12). The pre- to post-program trends for diabetes self-care activities indicated improvements for general and specific diet maintenance, days of exercise per week, blood glucose testing per week, foot care, and smoking habits. Participants also exhibited a decrease in diabetes distress for emotional, physical, regimen, and interpersonal distress from pre- to post-program. This is very important as self-regulation of behaviors is necessary to successful management of diabetes. The results are discussed in relation to the limitations created by COVID-19, along with future implementation suggestions.

Health literacy and health behaviors of Guinean university students residing in Brazil.

To evaluate the health literacy and health behaviors of Guinean university students residing in Brazil. A cross-sectional, analytical study conducted with 51 Guinean university students residing in Brazil. A health behavior questionnaire and the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults - Short version were applied. Spearman correlation coefficient, U of Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis were calculated. Health literacy was adequate (median=79; IQR=24). Reading comprehension (median=70; IQR=16) of health information was better than numerical comprehension (median=14; IQR=14). Better health literacy performance was found in those with daily screen time of 3 to 5 hours (p=0.004) and who consumed fatty meat (p=0.002). Adequate health literacy of Guinean university students was associated with mostly healthy behaviors, except for screen time and consumption of fatty meat.

Sexting, Self-esteem, and Social Media: A Comparison among Frequent, Occasional, and Non-sexting Italian Adolescent Girls.

The phenomenon of sexting consists of sending and sharing sexual images, videos, or messages using smartphones and social networks. Sexting is spreading dangerously among adolescents who share private and explicit sexual content, ignoring the negative and risky consequences associated with this behavior. According to recent literature, sexting behavior is strongly related to the participants' level of self-esteem and social media's influence on them. Our study was a descriptive community-based study focused on the central-south Italian context, which aimed to investigate sexually risky behavior and the main motivations for sexting, and to compare differences in self-esteem and social media's influence among three groups of Italian girls: non-sexters, occasional sexters, and frequent sexters. Our research involved 569 Italian girls (14-19 years old) who completed the following questionnaires: the Health and Sexual Behavior Questionnaire; the Sexting Behavior Scale; the Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale; and the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-3. Our results showed that most participants sexted with their partner, and had a responsible attitude toward sexuality and kept sexual risk low. Moreover, frequent sexters had higher scores on social media's influence relative to the internalization of the body image and model for beauty and athleticism, as well as lower levels of global, academic, and competence self-esteem. Our results could promote interventions in the school context in order to: a) improve awareness among youth about social media use, sexting, and safe sexuality; b) reduce the risk associated with sexting and the influence of social networks; and c) stimulate reflections by teachers and parents on adolescents' sense of identity and self-esteem.

The relationship between students' health behaviors and health-related quality of life in Gál Ferenc University in Hungary

University life can be stressful. Students try to balance work, family, community life and their studies. It is a critical period in young adulthood for an individual’s mental and physical health. The aim of the research was to examine the health behaviors (HB) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the students. In the first phase, which covered the period from September to November 2021, 1,013 students (women 85.1%) at Gál Ferenc University (Szeged, Hungary) responded to a WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (WHOQOL, 1998) supplemented with questions about their studies. According to the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, 84.2% of the students rated their quality of life as good or very good, and 70% were satisfied or very satisfied with their health. Examined by domains, 67.26 ± 13.41 were the least satisfied with their quality of life in the field of environment and most satisfied 76.02 ± 22.22 in the field of physical health. There was no significant difference in the domains between the academic years. In the upcoming period, the elaboration of a health behavior questionnaire will be a priority task so as to follow the effects of the lifestyle change program.