The 2017 Global Burden of Disease Study reported that less than half of all countries had enough health-care workers required to deliver quality healthcare (30 physicians, 100 nurses or midwives, and five pharmacists per 10,000 people). Moreover, the recent Global Kidney Health Atlas (GKHA) project reported for the first time a global nephrologists density of 8.83 per million populations with significant disparities between countries. Against this drawback of shortages in all healthcare providers in general and in nephrologists in particular, health Information technologies (HIT) are promising tools to facilitate kidney care especially access to nephrologist care where it is lacking. Electronic consultation (e-Consult) systems are an example of an asynchronous HIT that allows communication between providers at a distance and showed evidence for increased access to specialist care and a decrease in inappropriate referrals. Despite this reported benefits, eConsult implementations remain limited to few jurisdictions. In this study, we sought to review the reported experience of eConsult implementation in the literature focusing on factors that favour or hinder implementation. The choice for a scoping review methodology was informed by the complex nature of the intervention (eConsult) and expected heterogeneity of the literature. We leveraged the Arksey & O’Malley’s framework on conducting scoping reviews which involved five steps 1) identifying the research question; 2) identifying the relevant studies; 3) study selection; 4) charting the data; and 5) reporting the results, and an optional step of a consultation exercise with relevant stakeholders. We searched key electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Wiley Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO). No restriction on study design, date or language. We analyzed the data thematically and presented it using the Quadruple aim framework. This framework has four components of the patient, provider (primary care providers, specialists), population health and cost that need to be pursued simultaneously in order to improve health care. After screening 2579 titles and abstracts, 83 unique documents fulfilled our eligibility criteria. Majority of identified studies were published in the last ten years and were from seven countries (Finland, Ireland, Canada, Spain, Brazil, United Kingdom, Netherlands and United States of America). We mapped the literature on eConsult barriers and facilitators using the Quadruple Aim framework. We identified several key barriers and facilitators to eConsult implementation at patient-, provider-, and health care system-levels and cost-related factors. All of the identified literature were from few high-income countries with no reported experiences from low- and middle-income countries identified. The presence of numerous modifiable providers and cost-related barriers are potential targets for tailored interventions to increase adoption and implementation of eConsult. Future studies should try to elucidate the prevalence of identified barriers among providers through mixed methods studies. Our findings are relevant to inform the development and implementation of eConsult systems as platforms to enhance access to specialists care particularly for countries with limited access to nephrologists care.