Wound Healing Infection Research Articles

A Photothermal Polymeric Platform for Efficient and Safe Gene Transfection: When Polyethylenimine Collaborates with Indocyanine Green.

Gene transfection, defined by the delivery of nucleic acids into cellular compartments, stands as a crucial procedure in gene therapy. While branched polyethylenimine (PEI) is widely regarded as the "gold standard" for nonviral vectors, its cationic nature presents several issues, including nonspecific protein adsorption and notable cytotoxicity. Additionally, it often fails to achieve high transfection efficiency, particularly with hard-to-transfect cell types. To overcome these challenges associated with PEI as a vector for plasmid DNA (pDNA), the photothermal agent indocyanine green (ICG) is integrated with PEI and pDNA to form the PEI/ICG/pDNA (PI/pDNA) complex for more efficient and safer gene transfection. The negatively charged ICG serves a dual purpose: neutralizing PEI's excessive positive charges to reduce cytotoxicity and, under near-infrared irradiation, inducing local heating that enhances cell membrane permeability, thus facilitating the uptake of PI/pDNA complexes to boost transfection efficiency. Using pDNA encoding vascular endothelial growth factor as a model, our system shows enhanced transfection efficiency in vitro for hard-to-transfect endothelial cells, leading to improved cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, in vivo studies reveal the therapeutic potential of this system in accelerating the healing of infected wounds by promoting angiogenesis and reducing inflammation. This approach offers a straightforward and effective method for gene transfection, showing potentials for tissue engineering and cell-based therapies.

α-Lactalbumin based scaffolds for infected wound healing and tissue regeneration

Interruption of wound healing by multi-drug resistant-bacterial infection is a harmful issue for the worldwide health care system, and conventional treatment approaches may not resolve this issue due to antimicrobial resistance. So, there is an unmet need to develop scaffolds with intrinsic wound healing properties to combat bacterial-infected wounds. Inspired by the α-lactalbumin’s (Lalb’s) ability to promote collagen synthesis, we herein electrospun Lalb with cephalexin (CPL) and epigallocatechin (EP) to produce nanofibers (CE-Lalb NFs) to solve this issue. The CE-Lalb NFs were prepared using the electrospinning technique and subjected to physicochemical characterizations, in vitro, and in vivo assessments. The CE-Lalb NFs promoted fibroblast migration, proliferation, and collagen synthesis, while CPL/EP annihilated MRSA and E. coli infections. Physicochemical characterizations proved the successful fabrication and doping of CE-Lalb NFs. Antimicrobial assays and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) declared synergistic antibacterial activity of CE-Lalb NFs against MRSA and E. coli. The in vivo and immunohistochemical data evidenced its exceptional potential for wound healing, promoting growth factor, collagen synthesis, and reduced scar formation. The presence of mature collagen, fewer inflammatory cytokines, increased expression of blood vessels, and low expression of IL-6 at the wound site support in vitro and in vivo results. In our view, the tailored scaffold is the next step for personalized wound dressings that could meet patients with infected wounds’ unmet needs by the subscription of noninvasive and easily navigable therapeutic options.

Fe-doped herbal medicine-based carbon dots nanozyme as safe and effective antimicrobial and wound healing agent

Bacterial infections pose a serious worldwide public health concern and play an important role in slowing or dramatically delaying wound healing. However, traditional antibiotics are faced with obstacles such as bacterial resistance and unsatisfactory biocompatibility, which has impeded further clinical translation. In recent years, antimicrobial nanomaterials have emerged as viable alternatives for combating bacterial infections, and carbon dots (CDs) have received particularly widespread attention due to their superior characteristics. In this work, a simple and eco-friendly one-step hydrothermal method was employed using the natural herbal medicine Eucommia ulmoides as a biomass carbon source to synthesize an Fe-doped CDs nanozyme (Fe-CDs) with good peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity, high biocompatibility, and strong antimicrobial activity for safe and effective antimicrobial therapy and the promotion of wound healing. L929 cells co-cultured with Fe-CDs did not show significant cytotoxicity and favored cell proliferation at appropriate concentrations. In addition, Fe-CDs catalyzed the decomposition of low-concentration H2O2 to ·OH, leading to enhanced antimicrobial activity. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that Fe-CDs exhibit potent antibacterial properties, the ability to promote cell migration and angiogenesis, and significant potential for promoting the healing of infected wounds. In summary, a green and safe antimicrobial nanozyme based on a biomass herbal medicine was developed in this work, offering promising insight into the development of novel antimicrobial materials and tissue regeneration engineering.

A chitosan-based light-curing hydrogel dressing for accelerated healing of infected wounds

Bacterial infections, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and a persistent inflammatory response severely impede the wound healing process. In this study, we developed a novel multifunctional hydrogel dressing (LCPN) based on lipoic acid modified chitosan (LAMC), polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy NPs) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) for accelerated healing of infected wounds. The synthesized LCPN hydrogel has several properties. Modification of lipoic acid significantly enhances the water solubility of chitosan making it easier to dissolve and absorb wound secretions. Interestingly, owing to the breaking and restructuring of disulfide bonds, LCPN hydrogel can be quickly bonded under UV light without relying on photoinitiators. In addition, the incorporation of PPy NPs not only enhances the electrical conductivity of LCPN hydrogel, but also confers photothermal antimicrobial capability to LCPN hydrogel. More importantly, the sustained release of NMN in LCPN hydrogel can significantly enhance cell proliferation, migration and antioxidant capacity, which is conducive to accelerated wound healing. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that LCPN hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and the ability to promote wound healing. Therefore, the prepared multifunctional hydrogel is expected to be used as a novel dressing to accelerate wound healing.

Multifunctional Nanosystem for Dual Anti-Inflammatory and Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy in Infectious Diabetic Wounds.

Infectious diabetic wounds present a substantial challenge, characterized by inflammation, infection, and delayed wound healing, leading to elevated morbidity and mortality rates. In this work, we developed a multifunctional lipid nanoemulsion containing quercetin, chlorine e6, and rosemary oil (QCRLNEs) for dual anti-inflammatory and antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT) for treating infectious diabetic wounds. The QCRLNEs exhibited spherical morphology with a size of 51 nm with enhanced encapsulation efficiency, skin permeation, and localized delivery at the infected wound site. QCRLNEs with NIR irradiation have shown excellent wound closure and antimicrobial properties in vitro, mitigating the nonselective cytotoxic behavior of PDT. Also, excellent biocompatibility and anti-inflammatory and wound healing responses were observed in zebrafish models. The infected wound healing properties in S. aureus-infected diabetic rat models indicated re-epithelization and collagen deposition with no signs of inflammation. This multifaceted approach using QCRLNEs with NIR irradiation holds great promise for effectively combating oxidative stress and bacterial infections commonly associated with infected diabetic wounds, facilitating enhanced wound healing and improved clinical outcomes.

The Core-Shell Microneedle with Probiotic Extracellular Vesicles for Infected Wound Healing and Microbial Homeostasis Restoration.

Wound healing is a dynamic process involving the timely transition of organized phases. However, infected wounds often experience prolonged inflammation due to microbial overload. Thus, addressing the viable treatment needs across different healing stages is a critical challenge in wound management. Herein, a novel core-shell microneedle (CSMN) patch is designed for the sequential delivery of tannic acid-magnesium (TA-Mg) complexes and extracellular vesicles from Lactobacillus druckerii (LDEVs). Upon application to infected sites, CSMN@TA-Mg/LDEV releases TA-Mg first to counteract pathogenic overload and reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), aiding the transition to proliferative phase. Subsequently, the sustained release of LDEVs enhances the activities of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, promotes vascularization, and modulates the collagen deposition. Notably, dynamic track of microbial composition demonstrates that CSMN@TA-Mg/LDEV can both inhibit the aggressive pathogen and increase the microbial diversity at wound sites. Functional analysis further highlights the potential of CSMN@TA-Mg/LDEV in facilitating wound healing and skin barrier restoration. Moreover, it is confirmed that CSMN@TA-Mg/LDEV can accelerate wound closure and improve post-recovery skin quality in the murineinfected wound. Conclusively, this innovative CSMN patch offers a rapid and high-quality alternative treatment for infected wounds and emphasizes the significance of microbial homeostasis.

Cerium dioxide nanozyme doped hybrid hydrogel with antioxidant and antibacterial abilities for promoting diabetic wound healing

Diabetic wounds are among the most severe chronic complications in patients with diabetes. Owing to the detrimental effects of high glucose and high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the wound microenvironment, diabetic wound healing is significantly challenging. To address the issues of elevated ROS levels and infection susceptibility in diabetic wounds, we designed a composite hydrogel system loaded with cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) and vancomycin. This hydrogel aimed to reshape the wound microenvironment by continuously consuming ROS and inhibiting infection. Experimental results demonstrated that the CeO2 NPs-loaded hydrogel demonstrated an 85.40% clearance rate of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and achieved over 90% inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and effectively promoted the healing of diabetic mouse wounds. This cerium dioxide nanozyme hybrid hydrogel system can exert antioxidative and antibacterial effects and serve as a wound dressing to promote the healing of infected diabetic wounds.

Promoting the healing of infected diabetic wound by nanozyme-containing hydrogel with anti-bacterial inflammation suppressing, ROS-scavenging and oxygen-generating properties.

Bacterial infections already pose a significant threat to skin wounds, especially in diabetic patients who have difficulty healing wounds. However, wound or bacterial infections are known to produce excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), and hypoxia may further hinder wound healing and the development of chronic wounds. In this study, a multifunctional hydrogel for ROS scavenging and bacterial inhibition was developed by cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide (GO) loaded with silver-platinum hybrid nanoparticles (GO@Ag-Pt). The PVA/SA hydrogel loaded with GO@Ag-Pt exhibited the ability to scavenge different types of ROS, generate O2, and kill a broad spectrum of bacteria in vitro. The silver-platinum hybrid nanoparticles significantly increased the antibacterial ability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared with silver nanoparticles (AgNps). GO@Ag-Pt loaded hydrogel was effective in treating infections caused by S.aureus, thereby significantly promoting wound healing during the inflammatory phase. Hydrogel therapy significantly reduced the level of ROS and alleviated inflammation levels. Notably, our ROS-scavenging, antibacterial hydrogels can be used to effectively treat various types of wounds, including difficult-to-heal diabetic wounds with bacterial infections. Thus, this study proposes an effective strategy for various chronic wound healing based on ROS clearance and bacteriostatic hydrogels.

Metal–Polyphenol–Collagen Self-Assembled Bioadhesive with Immune Regulation for Infected Wound Healing

Metal–Polyphenol–Collagen Self-Assembled Bioadhesive with Immune Regulation for Infected Wound Healing

Development of magnesium hydroxide-doped nanofibrous spheres for repairing infected skin wounds

The healing of skin wounds is a continuous and coordinated process, typically accompanied by microbial colonization and growth. This may result in wound infection and subsequent delay in wound healing. Therefore, it is of particular importance to inhibit the growth of microorganisms in the wound environment. In this study, magnesium hydroxide-doped polycaprolactone (PCL/MH) nanofibrous spheres were fabricated by electrospinning and electrospray techniques to investigate their effects on infected wound healing. The prepared PCL/MH nanofibrous spheres had good porous structure and biocompatibility, providing a favorable environment for the delivery and proliferation of adipose stem cells. The incorporation of MH significantly enhanced the antimicrobial properties of the spheres, in particular, the inhibition of the growth of S. aureus and E. coli. We showed that such PCL/MH nanofibrous spheres had good antimicrobial properties and effectively promoted the regeneration of infected wound tissues, which provided a new idea for the clinical treatment of infected wounds.

Silk-fibroin-based nanofibrous scaffolds integrated with nano-engineered living bacteria enabling antibiotic-free accelerated infected wound healing

Bacteria‐infected skin wounds are an immense public health challenge for high mortality-rate and enormous financial burden worldwide. Emerging living bacterial therapy promises the desired therapeutic efficacy for wound healing, however, its indiscriminate negative effects on the bioactivity of beneficial bacteria remain enormous challenges for clinical far-ranging applications. Herein, silk fibroin-based nanofibrous scaffolds equipped with nano-engineered tannic acid (TA)-Fe(III) chelate-encapsulated Lactobacillus reuteri (denoted as Mbr/L@FeTA) were proposed for antibiotic-free accelerated bacteria‐infected wound healing. Mbr/L@FeTA exhibited excellent antimicrobial properties (99.03% and 98.60% bactericidal efficiency against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively), gratifying mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Furthermore, due to on-demand TA-Fe(III) chelate-encapsulated bacterial tactics, Mbr/L@FeTA demonstrates exceptional environmental resistance and maintains satisfactory biological-activity even when administered with antibiotics. Additionally, Mbr/L@FeTA enables the stable release of organic acids and other metabolites that significantly improve the wound microenvironment and modulate inflammatory reactions. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that Mbr/L@FeTA strongly promoted cell growth and proliferation, inhibited bacteria growth at the wound-site, and further accelerated the healing process in bacteria-infected wounds. These findings suggest that Mbr/L@FeTA exhibits great potential for applications in antibiotic-free infected wound therapy and simultaneously represents a useful approach for clinical applications of living bacterial therapy.

Rough Ag2S@H-CeO2 photonic nanocomposites for effective eradication of drug-resistant bacteria and improved healing of infected cutaneous wounds

With the continuous increasing threat of drug-resistant bacteria induced cutaneous wound infections, there is a growing demand for novel effective antibiotics-alternative antibacterial strategies for clinical anti-infective therapy. Here, we report the fabrication and antibacterial efficacy of Ag2S@H-CeO2 photonic nanocomposites with rough surface through in-situ growth of Ag2S nanoparticles on CeO2 hollow spheres. With excellent photothermal property and peroxidase-like activity, as well as increased bacterial adhesion, the photonic nanocomposites demonstrated a broad-spectrum synergistic antibacterial effect against Gram-positive, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi as well biofilm in vitro. Significantly, the nanocomposites can effectively eradicate drug-resistant bacteria such as Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Gram-negative extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli). Notably, in vivo assessments validated its synergistic therapeutic potential in the treatment of MRSA-infected cutaneous wounds, all while maintaining excellent biosafety and biocompatibility. Our study offers a competitive and promising strategy for the development of a multifunctional synergistic antibacterial platform poised to effectively treat drug-resistant bacteria-infected cutaneous wounds.

Injectable immunoregulatory hydrogels sequentially drive phenotypic polarization of macrophages for infected wound healing

Regulating macrophage phenotypes to reconcile the conflict between bacterial suppression and tissue regeneration is ideal for treating infectious skin wounds. Here, an injectable immunoregulatory hydrogel (SrmE20) that sequentially drives macrophage phenotypic polarization (M0 to M1, then to M2) was constructed by integrating anti-inflammatory components and proinflammatory solvents. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the proinflammatory solvent ethanol stabilized the hydrogel structure, maintained the phenolic hydroxyl group activity, and achieved macrophages' proinflammatory transition (M0 to M1) to enhance antibacterial effects. With ethanol depletion, the hydrogel's cations and phenolic hydroxyl groups synergistically regulated macrophages' anti-inflammatory transition (M1 to M2) to initiate regeneration. In the anti-contraction full-thickness wound model with infection, this hydrogel effectively eliminated bacteria and even achieved anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage accumulation at three days post-surgery, accelerated angiogenesis and collagen deposition. By sequentially driving macrophage phenotypic polarization, this injectable immunoregulatory hydrogel will bring new guidance for the care and treatment of infected wounds.

Antimicrobial peptide-fibrin glue mixture for treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds.

Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fibrin glue-CM11 antibacterial peptide mixture (FG-P) on the healing of infected wounds in vivo.Materials & methods: We formulated a mixture of FG-P and evaluated its antimicrobial activity in vitro against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria involved in wound infection as well as its healing effect on wound infected by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in vivo.Results: The peptide had an MIC of 8μg/ml against all bacteria isolates. Growth inhibition zones were evident for FG-P compared with FG. The in vivo study showed that the FG-P could be significantly effective in healing the MRSA-infected wound.Conclusion: The use of FG-P mixture is a very suitable option for treating infected wounds.

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8@polydopamine decorated carboxylated chitosan hydrogel with photocatalytic and photothermal antibacterial activity for infected wound healing

Open wounds are susceptible to bacterial infections, and antibiotics are commonly used to treat these infections. However, widespread use of antibiotics will easily induce bacterial resistance. Green antibacterial agents serve as excellent alternative for antibiotics in infection therapy. In this work, polydopamine (PDA) was used to modify the surface of ZIF-8, which not only enhances the water stability of Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8) but also improves its photocatalytic and photothermal capabilities. ZIF-8@PDA was incorporated into carboxylated chitosan (CCS) films as an antibacterial agent, the resulting ZIF-8@PDA-CCS films exhibit excellent ionic/photocatalytic/photothermal antibacterial performance. The film exhibited an impressive 99% in vitro bacterial inhibition rate. After treatment with ZIF-8@PDA-CCS, the bacteria in infected wounds can be completely suppressed. These findings suggest that ZIF-8@PDA-CCS could serve as a potentional antibacterial dressing.

Self-Assembled DNA Microflowers for Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Isolation and Infected Wound Healing.

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) showing great potential in wound healing have attracted increasing attention recently. Nondestructive isolation and effective utilization strategies are highly conducive for PEVs developing into recognized therapeutic entities. Here, we present an efficient strategy for PEV isolation and bacterial infected wound healing based on self-assembled DNA microflowers. First, DNA microflowers are prepared using rolling circle amplification. Then, the hydrophobic interaction between cholesteryl modified on DNA microflowers and the phospholipid bilayer membrane of PEVs leads to the formation of a network structure with improved mechanical strength and the separation of PEVs from biological samples. Finally, controlled release of PEVs is achieved through bacterial-induced hydrogel degradation. In vitro experiments demonstrate the obtained DNA hydrogel with good cytocompatibility and therapeutic potential. Taken together, the DNA microflower-based hydrogels with bioadhesive, self-healing, tunable mechanical properties and bacteria-responsive behavior offer substantial potential for EV isolation and wound healing.

Effect of Medical Ozone Therapy in Preventing Compromised Nasal Skin in Revision Rhinoplasty.

Ozone is often used as an additive therapy for skin conditions like infectious diseases, wound healing, diabetic foot, and pressure ulcers. The viability of the nasal skin has crucial importance in revision rhinoplasty cases. The study investigates the potential benefits of medical ozone therapy in healing the nasal skin in multiple-operated cases. The study retrospectively examined 523 revision rhinoplasty patients operated by the first author from January 2017 to January 2024. Patients consenting to ozone therapy received 3 major autohemotherapy sessions post-surgery. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those with compromised nasal skin (infection, poor vascular supply) and those with normal healing. Age, gender, smoking, diabetes, previous surgeries, grafting materials, and techniques were considered. Of the 523 patients, 12 (2.3%) experienced major skin complications like infection and necrosis, while 511 (97.7%) had no or minor issues, such as discoloration. In total, 301 patients accepted and received ozone therapy. Of the patients without major complications, 299 (58.3%) received ozone therapy, while 212 (41.7%) did not. Among the 12 with major complications, two (16.7%) received ozone therapy, and the remaining 10 (83.3%) did not. Ozone therapy recipients showed statistically fewer skin problems (p<0.05). Costal cartilage as tip and septal extension graft was linked to skin issues (p<0.05). No major adverse effects from ozone therapy were noted. Our findings indicate that ozone therapy may be a safe and potentially effective option for patients undergoing revision rhinoplasty, especially those with compromised nasal skin. It appears to aid in skin healing and regeneration, possibly through enhancing oxygen delivery and modulation of the immune response. Ozone therapy is a promising adjunct treatment for managing skin complications in revision rhinoplasty patients. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Redox-Responsive Hydrogels Loaded with an Antibacterial Peptide as Controlled Drug Delivery for Healing Infectious Wounds.

Infectious wounds occur when harmful microorganisms such as bacteria or viruses invade a wound site. Its problems associated include delayed healing, increased pain, swelling, and the potential for systemic infections. Therefore, developing new wound dressing materials with antibacterial effects is crucial for improving the healing process. Here a redox-degradable hydrogel loaded with an antibacterial peptide (vancomycin) in a straightforward gram-scale synthesis, is developed. The hydrogel structure consists of a disulfide bond-containing hyperbranched polyglycerol (SS-hPG) that is cross-linked by 4-arm polyethylene glycol-thiol (4-arm PEG-SH). The polymerization mechanism and full characterization of SS-hPG are described as this synthesis is reported for the first time. Rheology is used to ascertain the hydrogel's mechanical characteristics, such as stiffness, and self-healing, determining these properties for different ratios and concentrations of both gel components. The incorporation of disulfide bonds in the hydrogel is proved by conducting degradation experiments in reductive environments. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-albumin (FITC-BSA) and vancomycin both are loaded into the gel, and the guest release kinetics is assessed for both slow and on-demand releases. Finally, the in vitro and in vivo experiments prove that the vancomycin-loaded hydrogel acts as an antibacterial barrier for wound dressing and accelerates the healing of infectious wounds in a mouse model.

The effects of bioactive glass hydrogel coated with hyaluronic acid-Pluronic F-127 conjugates containing silver nanoparticles for accelerating of infected wounds healing

Antimicrobial resistance has forced researchers to produce new dressings for the treatment of infected wounds. Tissue engineering based on biomaterials is used to accelerate the wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of bioactive glass (BG) hydrogel coated with hyaluronic acid (HA)-Pluronic F-127 (PLF-127) conjugates containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for healing the infected wounds. HA/BG, PL&HA/BG and PL&HA/BG-AgNPs formulations were designed and their properties were evaluated for application in the wound healing process. Safety and antibacterial properties of formulations were also evaluated. These were applied for the treatment of infected wounds and their efficiencies were assessed by measuring wound contraction, total bacterial count, pathological parameters and the expression of positive cells of cyclin-D1, c-Myc, WNT-1, B-Catenin, and COL-1A. The synthesized thermally reversible hydrogels demonstrated sol-gel transition, indicating the gels’ potential as injectable hydrogels. These exhibited antibacterial properties and safety. The PL&HA/BG-AgNPs, PL&HA/BG and HA/BG hydrogels showed greatest wound healing activities, respectively and could compete with Polysporin® due to their effects on total bacterial count and modulation in increasing the expressions of B-Catenin, COL-1A, cyclin-D1 and c-Myc. In sum, PL&HA/BG-AgNP hydrogels are good candidate for accelerating the wound healing process and as alternatives for antibiotics in the treatment of infected wounds.

A Highly Stable, Multifunctional Janus Dressing for Treating Infected Wounds.

The limited and unstable absorption of excess exudate is a major challenge during the healing of infected wounds. In this study, a highly stable, multifunctional Janus dressing with unidirectional exudate transfer capacity is fabricated based on a single poly(lactide caprolactone) (PLCL). The success of this method relies on an acid hydrolysis reaction that transforms PLCL fibers from hydrophobic to hydrophilic in situ. The resulting interfacial affinity between the hydrophilic/phobic PLCL fibers endows the Janus structure with excellent unidirectional liquid transfer and high structural stability against repeated stretching, bending, and twisting. Various other functions, including wound status detection, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, are also integrated into the dressing by incorporating phenol red and epigallocatechin gallate. An in vivo methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound model confirms that the Janus dressing, with the capability to remove exudate from the infected site, not only facilitates epithelialization and collagen deposition, but also ensures low inflammation and high angiogenesis, thus reaching an ideal closure rate up to 98.4% on day 14. The simple structure, multiple functions, and easy fabrication of the dressing may offer a promising strategy for treating chronic wounds, rooted in the challenges of bacterial infection, excessive exudate, and persistent inflammation.