Hb Levels Research Articles

Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are positively correlated with phase angle in mixed cancer patients: an exploratory cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study is to verify the correlationbetween hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht) levels with phase angle (PhA) values in patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory digestive organs. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 82 patients (38 females/44 males) diagnosed with cancer of gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs of digestion. Hb (g/dL) and Ht (%) levels were assessed by the cyanomethemoglobin and microhematocrit methods, respectively. Body composition and PhA were evaluated by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The cut-off point used to classify patients with low PhA was set < 4°. Fifty-five (67%) of patients had PhA ≥ 4° values. We observed that body weight, BMI, fat mass, % weight loss, Ht, and Hb were higher in the PhA ≥ 4° group than in the PhA < 4° group. In the regression analysis, we found a positive association between PhA, Ht, and Hb without and after adjustment for sex, age, BMI, and type of treatment. In mixed cancer patients, there was a positive correlation between blood-red cell markers and PhA. This may be evidence that we can use of hematological parameters to suggest changes in PhA values during oncological treatment.

Retrospective Analysis of Factors Influencing the Hemoglobin Level-increasing Effect of Sodium-glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitors.

In several studies, Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been reported to increase hemoglobin (Hb) levels. In a study in which Hb levels were compared between patients who received SGLT2i and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, some patients exhibited increased Hb levels (>1.0 g/dl), whereas some exhibited unchanged Hb levels. Notably, several factors may influence the Hb-increasing effect of SGLT2i. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the Hb-increasing effect of SGLT2i. Type 2 diabetes patients were divided into three groups: SGLT2i (SGLT2i only group, n=36), those receiving a combination of SGLT2i and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) (SGLT2i+ACEi/ARBs group, n=32), and those not receiving these drugs (control group, n=49). We retrospectively analyzed Hb changes in these groups. Kaplan-Meier curves compared Hb changes from SGLT2i initiation to day 63, with an Hb increase defined as ≥0.5 g/dl. In addition, sex, age, ACEi/ARBs, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and hematocrit levels were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards as factors influencing Hb-increasing events. Hb-increasing event rates were 61%, 41%, and 20% in the SGLT2i only, SGLT2i+ACEi/ARBs, and control groups, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed significantly higher Hb-increasing event rates in the SGLT2i only group than in the control and SGLT2i+ACEi/ARBs groups. In the Cox proportional hazards model, ACEi/ARBs use was associated with a 39% reduction in the incidence of Hb-increasing events. SGLT2i exhibit a Hb-increasing effect, which may be reduced by ACEi/ARBs.

Anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease and its association with cardiac abnormalities

Abstract Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathology characterized by multisystemic comorbidities, predominantly associated with cardiovascular disease and anemia. However, the precise association between the degree of anemia and the development of cardiac abnormalities in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis remains unclear. Purpose To determine the association between the degree of anemia and cardiac abnormalities in patients with CKD receiving hemodialysis treatment. Methods A cross-sectional multicenter study that included individuals with CKD undergoing hemodialysis was conducted. Electronic medical records containing information regarding medical conditions and pertinent laboratory parameters was collected, and cardiac function was determined using echocardiography. A Spearman rank correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the associated between the degree of anemia and echocardiographic parameters, with significant set at p &amp;lt;0.05. Results Ninety-nine individuals were included, with a median age of 48 years. The population was categorized based on hemoglobin (Hb) levels into non/mild anemia (Hb &amp;gt;10 mg/dL) and moderate/severe anemia (Hb &amp;lt;9.9 mg/dL) groups (table). Significant differences were observed in left ventricle (LV) posterior wall thickness (10mm in non/mild vs. 11mm in moderate/severe, p&amp;lt;0.015), left atrial (LA) volume (34 mL/m2 in non/mild vs. 39 mL/m2 in moderate/severe, p&amp;lt;0.007) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (59% in non/mild vs. 55% in moderate/severe, p&amp;lt;0.025). Negative correlations (figure) were observed between Hb levels and LV mass index (r= -0.21, p= 0.03) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP)(r= -0.27, p= 0.006). Conclusion The degree of anemia demonstrated an association with cardiac abnormalities, as evidenced by alterations in echocardiographic parameters such as LVEF, LA volume and PSAP. This study underscores the importance of further prospective investigations to enhance early identification and stratification of anemia in patients with CKD aiming to mitigate further cardiac complications.Clinical demographics tableScatter plots with correlation graphs

THE EFFECT OF SPINACH CONSUMPTION ON INCREASING HAEMOGLOBIN IN PREGNANT WOMEN

Background: Anemia is a symptom of a lack of red blood cells due to low hemoglobin levels. Based on the performance assessment report of the Tuban Regency Senori Community Health Center East Java Indonesia in 2022, it was found that 36.65% of pregnant women experienced anemia. This shows that there are still many pregnant women who experience anemia and need treatment. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of spinach consumption on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. Method: quasi experiment with One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The sample in this study was 16 pregnant women with anemia in the Senori Community Health Center Tuban Regency East Java Indonesia, who met the inclusion criteria. The research instrument used an observation sheet to determine hemoglobin levels in the blood before and after consuming green spinach, an easy touch Hb level check tool. Data were analyzed using paired T-test. Result : The average Hb level of pregnant women before the intervention was 10.20 gr% and after the intervention was 11.18 gr%, the results of the paired t-test showed a significance value = 0.000, so the significance value (2-tailed) &lt; α (0 .05) which shows that there is an effect of spinach consumption on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. Conclusion : There is an effect of spinach consumption on increasing Hb levels in pregnant women. Integrated ANC activities are expected to be carried out routinely so that pregnant women who experience anemia can be detected early and health workers can provide explanations to pregnant women about the dangers of anemia during pregnancy and the consumption of spinach and its benefits.

Thiamine-Responsive Megaloblastic Anemia (TRMA) Syndrome mimicking myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS)

Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome (TRMA) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with a homozygous or compound-heterozygous mutation in the SLC19A2 gene characterized by megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus (DM), and sensorineural hearing-loss with onset in childhood. Folic acid and vitamin B12 in serum are normal with dysplastic erythropoiesis in the bone marrow often mimicking myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDN) as a potential differential diagnosis. Thiamine substitution leads to normalization of anemia, without effects on hearing-loss or DM. We report about a 38-year-old male patient, presented with a 12-year history of anemia, insulin dependent DM, optic neuropathy and a cataract since early childhood. The laboratory showed megaloblastic anemia. Other values were normal. The bone marrow smear showed dysplastic erythropoiesis with megaloblastic changes, and normal findings in cytogenetic and molecular genetic examinations. Next-generation sequencing based diagnostics revealed a heterozygous missense variant in the SLC19A2 gene on the maternal allele and a 3.4 Mb inversion in the chromosomal region 1q24.2 with breaking points in FAM78B and SLC19A2 on the paternal allele. Treatment with oral thiamine 100 mg daily was initiated, and 12 weeks later Hb levels and bone marrow morphology had normalized. Late-onset TRMA should be considered in adult patients with indicative comorbidities and a typical phenotype, which may mimic features of MDS.

The comparison of echocardiographic and serum parameters between Sapien 3 Ultra Resilia and Sapien 3 at one month

Abstract Background Sapien 3 Ultra Resilia (S3UR) is the latest balloon-expandable valve for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Compared to Sapien 3 (S3), previous model of balloon-expandable valve, the leaflets are modified to anti-calcification tissue and the outer skirt becomes 40% higher with textured polyethylene terephthalate. However, it is unknown how these structural changes affect echocardiographic and serum parameters after TAVR. Purpose To compare impacts of these design changes on relevant echocardiographic and serum parameters between S3UR and S3 in the short term. Methods Patients with severe aortic valve stenosis who underwent TAVR with S3 or S3UR were included in this study. Echocardiographic parameters and blood samples were retrospectively collected at discharge and at 1 month post-procedure. Echocardiographic outcomes included mean pressure gradient (PG), effective orifice area index (EOAi), and paravalvular leak (PVL) grade. Hemolytic anemia indicators, specifically lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and hemoglobin (Hb), were also assessed. Findings suggestive of hemolytic anemia at 1 month were defined as "an increase in LDH level of ≧200 IU/L as well as a decrease in Hb level of ≧1.0 g/dL from pre-procedure." Results Among 443 patients (S3: April 2020-March 2023, S3UR: April 2023-December 2023), 339 patients (S3: n=270, S3UR: n=69) were available for this study. The mean PG was significantly lower in the S3UR group compared to the S3 group at discharge and at 1 month (Figure 1A). On the other hand, the EOAi was similar between the two groups at discharge and at 1 month (Figure 1B). Although the prevalence of none/trace PVL was significantly higher in the S3UR group at discharge, this difference disappeared at 1 month (Figure 1C). LDH levels were significantly increased from pre-procedure to 1 month in both groups (Figure 2A). The median of ΔLDH (1 month – pre-procedure) and %change of LDH (ΔLDH/ pre-procedure) were significantly higher in the S3UR group. The prevalence of hemolytic anemia at 1 month was also significantly higher in this group (Figure 2B). Conclusion At 1 month, S3UR demonstrated superiority in mean PG but equivalence in EOAi and PVL grade compared with S3. Although both S3UR and S3 showed significant increase in LDH from pre-procedure to 1 month, hemolytic anemia was experienced more frequently in S3UR cases. Further evaluation will be needed to assess the potential clinical impacts of these differences.

Efficacy of Epoetin Alfa in Managing Symptomatic Anaemia in Low-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal myeloid disorders characterised by ineffective haematopoiesis, leading to anaemia that often requires dependence on red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. Epoetin alfa (Eprex®) is now a mainstay in the management of symptomatic anaemia in low-risk MDS patients, reducing transfusion dependence and improving the quality of life in this patient group. Objective This retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy of epoetin alfa in treating symptomatic anaemia in low-risk MDS patients, focusing on transfusion independence and its relationship with baseline erythropoietin (EPO) levels and haemoglobin (Hb) response. Methods Data from 56 patients with low-risk MDS treated with epoetin alfa at Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital,Norwich, United Kingdom, between 2018 and 2023 were retrospectively analysed. Baseline EPO levels, transfusion history, Hb response, and the duration of transfusion independence were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes. Results Among the patients, 98.2% had baseline EPO levels below the 500 IU/L threshold, with a median EPO level of 74.3 IU/L. Following an eight-week trial of 30,000 units of epoetin-alfa, 41.1% of patients showed improved Hb levels, 41.1% maintained stable Hb levels, and 17.9% experienced a decline. A significant correlation was found between lower baseline EPO levels (<250 IU/L) and a positive treatment response (p = 0.0065). Additionally, patients who required fewer transfusions before treatment had longer durations of transfusion independence (correlation coefficient = -0.40, p = 0.015). Dose escalation to 60,000 units provided a benefit to 53.3% of patients with initially stable Hb levels. The average duration of transfusion independence was 8.1 months, and patients with improved Hb levels had the longest periods of transfusion independence (p = 0.005). Conclusion Epoetin alfa is an effective therapy for managing symptomatic anaemia in low-risk MDS patients. This study highlights its efficacy and provides valuable predictive information, particularly showing that patients with lower baseline EPO levels are more likely to respond to treatment. While prior transfusion dependence did not significantly predict response to therapy in this cohort, it was associated with the duration of transfusion independence.

The evaluation of complete blood count parameters in the patients with idiopathic versus secondary cerebral venous thrombosis

Background: Several laboratory markers derived from a complete blood count (CBC) have been proposed as potential indicators for assessing the risk of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). However, limited and conflicting evidence exists regarding this association. This study aimed to evaluate the role of CBC parameters in CVT development and their link to disease characteristics. Methods: This case-control study included patients diagnosed with CVT between March 2018 and and March 2021. All participants with CVT were registered in the organized registry system at the Neurology Research Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran (CVT registry code: 9001013381). The control group consisted of age- and sex-matched individuals without systemic diseases. CBC results from the control group and the first recorded hospital CBC of the patient group were collected. Results: The study included 295 patients with CVT [49 with idiopathic CVT (iCVT) and 246 with secondary CVT (sCVT)] and 341 healthy individuals. Among the CVT group, 72.54% were women. Patients with CVT had higher red cell distribution width (RDW) and lower red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) levels, and hematocrit compared to the non-CVT group. In iCVT cases, male gender, RBC count, Hb levels, and hematocrit were notably higher compared to sCVT cases. Logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, smoking, and higher hematocrit values were associated with increased probability of iCVT. Conclusion: The study suggests that certain CBC parameters may serve as potential markers for assessing CVT risk and differentiating between iCVT and sCVT cases. Validation and further research are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms.March 2021.

Efficacy and safety of thalidomide in patients with β-thalassemia intermedia and major.

To investigate the short-term and long-term efficacy and safety of thalidomide in the treatment of intermediate and severe β-thalassemia. We analyzed patients with intermediate and severe β-thalassemia treated at our hospital from February 2019 to February 2024. Patients who received treatment for more than 3 months were included. The efficacy of thalidomide was assessed by comparing changes in hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin, bilirubin, and Hb electrophoresis before and after treatment. Adverse drug reactions during treatment were also recorded. A total of 42 β-thalassemia patients were included, with thalidomide dosages ranging from 75 to 150 mg/d. The response rates at 1, 3, and 6 months of treatment were 73.8% (31/42), 75.0% (24/32), and 94.7% (18/19), respectively. The increase in Hb levels was primarily attributed to fetal hemoglobin (HbF). After 1 month of treatment, the HbF percentage increased from a baseline of 34.04 ± 27.58% to 56.25 ± 28.40% (P < .001). At 3 and 6 months, HbF further increased to 67.21 ± 27.12% (P < .001) and 73.93 ± 22.96% (P < .001), respectively. The average duration of thalidomide treatment was 25.3 ± 9.2 months (range: 4-60 months), with 6 patients treated for over 60 months and 18 patients for over 48 months. Two homozygous patients who failed thalidomide treatment achieved Hb levels above 100 g/L and discontinued transfusion therapy after 3 months of hydroxyurea treatment. The most common adverse reaction was somnolence, which was mild and tolerable. Thalidomide demonstrates significant and sustained therapeutic effects in β-thalassemia patients. The adverse reactions are mild and tolerable, allowing patients to continue treatment.

Hubungan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di SMK Batik 2 Surakarta

This study aims to determine the relationship between diet and the incidence of anemia in young women at SMK Batik 2 Surakarta. This research uses the Observational Analytical method with a Cross-Sectional approach. The sample consisted of 9 classes selected using the Proportional Random Sampling technique with inclusion criteria, namely young women who were not menstruating and not on a diet, with a total of 60 respondents. Dietary pattern data was obtained through interviews using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) form for the past month, then dietary patterns were determined based on food consumption scores. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels in adolescent girls were measured using the Cyanmethemoglobin method with the help of health workers. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and the relationship between variables was tested using the Pearson Product Moment correlation test. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between diet and the incidence of anemia in young women at SMK Batik 2 Surakarta. Apart from that, this research also found that teenage girls with poor diets had a 0.004 times greater chance of experiencing anemia compared to teenage girls who had good diets.

Intestinal Parasites and Hematological Parameters in Children Living in Ambatoboeny District, Madagascar

Madagascar is one of the poorest countries in the world. The country’s extreme weather conditions, poor sanitation, and weak economy facilitate the spread of parasitic diseases. Infections with intestinal parasites are particularly dangerous for children because they can cause malnutrition and anemia, which, in turn, have a negative effect on children’s cognitive functions and physical development. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of intestinal parasites and to assess hematological parameters in a group of children living in northern Madagascar. The screening was conducted in May 2024 in the Clinique Medicale Beyzym in Manerinerina, the Ambatoboeny district. It involved a sample of 208 children aged 0–17 years. Single stool samples were collected from all study participants. The samples were fixed in SAF fixative and then transported from Africa to Europe for further diagnostics at the Department of Epidemiology and Tropical Medicine, the Military Institute of Medicine–the National Research Institute in Poland. First, the samples were analyzed by light microscopy methods using three different diagnostic techniques (direct smear, decantation with distilled water, and the Fülleborn method). Next, they were tested by molecular biology methods (real-time PCR). Blood samples for the assessment of hematological parameters were collected at the healthcare center in Madagascar. The prevalence of intestinal parasites in the study sample was 61.5%. Helminths were found in 15.2% of the investigated children, and Giardia intestinalis (20.5%) was found to be the most prevalent parasite in the study population. Most infections were caused by potentially pathogenic stramenopila Blastocystis spp. (32.0%). Mean Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC levels in the study participants were below normal values. However, no correlation was found between the presence of a parasitic infection and low hematological parameters, which are a clinical sign of anemia. High rates of infections with intestinal parasites in children living in northern Madagascar support the necessity to introduce long-term preventive measures, which would limit the spread of parasitic diseases in the Malagasy population. Low hematological parameters in non-infected children may be indicative of persistent malnutrition or infection with other parasites, e.g., malaria or schistosomiasis.

Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Buah Naga terhadap Perubahan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kota Baru Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir

The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy is around 95% due to iron deficiency (iron deficiency anemia). Anemia is the second main cause of maternal death, accounting for around 12.8% of maternal deaths due to postpartum hemorrhage. One way to overcome anemia in pregnancy is to consume dragon fruit regularly, in addition to consuming Fe tablets that have been given by midwives or health workers. Giving dragon fruit juice is effective in increasing Hb levels in pregnant women. The research design used in this study was a pre-test and post-test with control group design in the Kota Baru Health Center Working Area, Indragiri Hilir Regency. A population of 230 pregnant women with a sampling technique using simple random sampling obtained 32 respondents (16 intervention groups and 16 control groups). Data analysis used the independent t-test. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of giving dragon fruit juice on changes in hemoglobin levels of pregnant women in the Kota Baru Health Center Working Area, Indragiri Hilir Regency. Dragon fruit can be used as a supplement to increase hemoglobin levels in pregnant women to treat anemia.

Sex differences in inflammatory parameters after shoulder arthroplasty and blood loss.

In many diseases, sex differences in diagnostics and therapy play role that is increasingly becoming recognized as important. C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) levels are determined as inflammatory markers to detect inflammation and even infection after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). The general course of white blood cell, CRP, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels after TSA is well known, but there is insufficient evidence of a possible association with sex. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether there is an influence of sex on CRP, WBCs, and Hb after TSA in the first 10 days after surgery in a complication-free course in male and female patients and to re-evaluate the specific postoperative CRP, WBC, and Hb course with their maximums (minimum for Hb) and further course until the end of the inpatient period. We retrospectively studied patients treated with TSA, reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and prosthesis replacement between 2015 and 2021. Patients with active inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, secondary osteoarthritis, active cancer, and documented postoperative complications were not included. CRP, WBC, and Hb levels before shoulder arthroplasty (SA) and up to 10 days after SA were recorded and analyzed for sex differences. Data from a total of 316 patients (209 women and 107 men) were finally analyzed. There were no sex differences in the CRP and WBC values, but women had significantly lower preoperative Hb values, postoperative Hb values, and minimum Hb values. There were no significant differences in Hb, CRP, or WBC levels in the prosthesis exchange group. The progression of CRP and WBC levels showed no sex-specific significant differences after TSA within the first 7 postoperative days. The study confirmed a decreased Hb value for women at all stages of SA. Blood loss was significantly higher for RSA than for TSA for both men and women.

Evaluation of Some Antioxidant Parameters (Vitamin E &amp; C), MDA and Hemoglobin Levels, in Women of Reproductive Age, Based on Mode of Child Delivery, in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

Childbirth indicates the positive outcome of pregnancy in humans, in which mode of child delivery, which is either by vaginal delivery (VD) or cesarean-section delivery (CS) is considered critical in maintaining maternal health. Antioxidants delay or inhibit cellular damage, mainly through their free radical-scavenging property. Changes in vitamin E and vitamin C antioxidants, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and hemoglobin (Hb) can lead to complications, forming reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular imbalance, bringing about oxidative stress (OS). These parameters remove the ROS efficiently and protect the body from the adverse effects of oxidative stress. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of mode of child delivery on maternal VE, VC, MDA and Hb status, in women of reproductive age in Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria. It involved 200 pregnant women, within the reproductive ages of 20 to 39 years, with 100 subjects being those who gave birth through VD and 100 being those who gave birth through CS. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23, with results expressed as mean ± standard deviation and presented in tables. Independent t-tests and ANOVA were used for comparisons, with p≤0.05 considered significant. The results from this study showed that, women who gave birth through VD had significantly lower VE (p&lt;0.001) and VC (p&lt;0.001) levels compared to those who had CS. Similarly, the levels of MDA were significantly (p&lt;0.001) reduced in women who gave birth through VD compared to those who had CS. The antepartum Hb of VD women was significantly higher than postpartum levels, while the antepartum Hb of CS women was significantly lower compared to the postpartum levels. The results indicate that women who gave birth through VD had significantly reduced VE, VC, MDA and Hb levels, after childbirth, compared to births of CS delivery. It is recommended that antioxidant parameters (Vitamin E &amp; C), MDA and hemoglobin (Hb) levels, be assessed in women during childbirth in order to help in the management of their postpartum conditions.

Evaluation of Haemoglobin F and Haemoglobin A2 among Sickle Cell Patients in Steady State at Selected Hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria

Background: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin variants, including hemoglobin F (Hb F) and hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2). Evaluating the levels of these hemoglobin variants in steady-state sickle cell patients can provide insights into disease prognosis and management. This study aimed to assess Hb F and Hb A2 levels among sickle cell patients in steady state at a selected hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria. Objective: To evaluate the levels of hemoglobin F (Hb F) and hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2) in sickle cell anemia patients and determine their associations with demographic factors such as age and gender. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sickle Cell Center, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, from September to October 2020. A total of 60 sickle cell patients in steady state were recruited using convenient sampling. Blood samples were collected, and Hb F and Hb A2 levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 with independent t-test and bivariate correlation. Results: The mean levels of Hb F and Hb A2 varied across age groups and genders. Hb F levels were highest in patients over 35 years (10.4 ± 12.16%) and lowest in those aged 26-30 years (3.7 ± 1.3%). The majority of participants had Hb F levels between 2-10%, with a significant association between Hb F levels and age (p = 0.038). Hb A2 levels were consistently above 3.1% in 92.6% of the study population, with no significant association with age or gender. Conclusion: There is a significant association between age and Hb F levels among steady-state sickle cell patients, while Hb A2 levels showed no significant demographic correlations. The findings suggest that Hb F may serve as a potential marker for clinical evaluation in SCA patients.

Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells on Laboratory Mice Routine Handling Process and their Effect on the Other Immunological Parameters

Introduction: Lab mice typically belong to the Mus musculus species. They are the prevailing choice for mammalian research and are utilized for studies in genetics, physiology, psychology, medicine, and various scientific fields. Aim of the study: The current research aimed to examine how frequently handling laboratory mice impacts their innate immune response through innate lymphoid cells, mucus secretion, as well as various physiological and biochemical blood parameters, and its potential implications on research outcomes. Study design: Sixty female mice were used in this study all animals were hosted under the same condition and treated with the same rotational animal handling process in different periods including animal control oral gavage and intraperitoneal, sub courteous, and intramuscular injection. Blood samples were gathered at four different time points to analyze various hematological and biochemical parameters, including (RBC, Hb, PCV, WBC, ALT, AST enzymes, and urea levels, etc.) while colon tissue were collected and the immunohistochemistry and PAS staining were preformed to evaluate the innate lymphoid cells and mucin secretion at three level through the experimental period. The results: Based on the findings, there were no notable variations in the levels of Hb and RBC. However, there was a noticeable increase in the WBC count for all animals after 4 minutes of handling, and the levels began to normalize after 10 and 30 minutes. As for the blood's biochemical parameters, including ALT, AST, creatinine, and urea, no details were provided. The results showed that there were no noteworthy alterations in these parameters throughout the entire experimental period. Conclusion: The handling of the animals is one of the most important factors that can influence the experimental results in lab mice. The WBCs and samples should be collected at least 30 minutes after the handling procedure.

Molecular and haematological characterisation of haemolytic anaemia associated with biallelic KLF1 mutations: a case series

AimsKrüppel-like factor 1 (KLF1) is an erythroid-specific transcription factor playing an important role in erythropoiesis and haemoglobin (Hb) switching. Biallelic KLF1 mutations can cause haemolytic anaemia with thalassaemia-like syndromes but...

Pulmonary Congestion and Anemia in Hemodialysis: The Potential Link to Inflammation

Pulmonary congestion (PC) is common in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We explored the association of anemia and pulmonary congestion in HD patients. A prospective pilot observational study included 18 patients on maintenance HD. Individual B-lines scores (BLS; 8-sites method) were obtained by lung ultrasound, before and after the first two consecutive HD sessions of the week (HD1-HD2), with different inter-dialytic intervals (68 vs. 44 h). Bioimpedance spectroscopy body composition (BIS) was performed before each HD session. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels, in addition to circulating markers of chronic inflammation (soluble urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor [suPAR], soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 [sST2]) were obtained. Mean (±SD) BLS values were quite elevated at all time points: Pre-HD1 (16 ± 5.53), post-HD1 (15.3 ± 6.63), pre-HD2 (16.3 ± 5.26) and post-HD2 (13.6 ± 5.83), respectively. No direct significant correlation was found between inflammation markers levels and BLS. However, mean levels (±SD, ng/mL) of suPAR pre-HD1 (7.88 ± 3.07) and pre-HD2 (7.78 ± 3.02) remained significantly above the normal range (&lt;4 ng/mL), and sST2 levels reached 2-fold the upper normal value in most patients (27.4 ± 17.8). Pulmonary congestion reflected by BLS was negatively correlated to Hb levels pre-HD1 (R² = 0.439, p = 0.003), and pre-HD2 (R² = 0.301, p = 0.018). In addition, Hb levels were negatively correlated to global volume status estimated by BIS (R² = 0.351, p = 0.009). Hemoglobin levels were negatively correlated to pulmonary congestion and to the global volume status evaluated by BIS. Chronic inflammation markers were increased in HD patients, suggesting a complex volume- and non-volume-dependent pathophysiology of pulmonary congestion in HD patients.

Do preterm infants’ retinas like bovine colostrum? A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundBovine colostrum (BC) with liposomal delivery system (LDS) is a promising supplement to premature infant formula in absence of mother own milk. We propose that BC with LDS can target multiple etiological factors that threaten the developing retina, making premature infant less liable for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of BC with LDS in the prevention of ROP.MethodsThis was a single center, randomized, controlled trial. Two hundred and eleven preterm infants of gestational age ≤ 32weeks were admitted to the NICU of Alexandria University Children Hospital, Egypt, and randomly allocated into either non-BC group (n = 105) or BC group (n = 106). Patients in BC group received 3.5 ml /kg/day of BC for 14 days. All patients were monitored for development of ROP, anemia, late onset sepsis (LOS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), in addition to growth assessment. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors predicting ROP development.ResultsCompared with the non-BC group, BC group was associated with a significantly lower incidence of ROP (5/100 vs. 16/100, respectively) with a p-value of 0.033. The administration of BC significantly decreased serum C- reactive protein (CRP) level and increased weight on day-14 of the study in comparison with the CRP level and birthweight at the beginning of study, with Cohen’s D= -0.184, D = -2.246, respectively. Patients with suspected sepsis were significantly less in BC than non-BC group, p = 0.004. Patients with BC had significantly higher hemoglobin level on day-14 than non-BC-group, with median (IQR) 12.2 (11.0–13.9) and 11.7 (10.5–12.9), respectively. BC intake is one of factors that decreased development of ROP in univariate analysis. Nevertheless, weight gain and birth weight were the most significant factors affecting ROP development in multivariate-regression model.ConclusionBC may reduce the incidence of ROP in preterm neonates aged ≤ 32 weeks. This might be due to keeping better Hb level and growth rate, as well as anti-inflammatory properties through its ability to decrease CRP level.Trial registrationThis work was registered on 06/13/2022 in clinicaltrial.gov with ID no.: NCT05438680 and URL:https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05438680?term=NCT05438680&draw=2&rank=1.

The complete blood count and cardiovascular disease: analyses across six cohorts of 23,370 adults.

The complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most commonly performed laboratory studies. Although studies have found associations between the CBC and cardiovascular disease (CVD), there is limited contemporary information regarding the relationship between the CBC and traditional risk factors and their joint association with CVD endpoints. We sought to define the relationships between the CBC and traditional CVD risk factors and their joint association with CVD endpoints in diverse adult populations. We first examined the relationships between the CBC variables (directly and their principal components), traditional CVD risk factors, and mortality in NHANES (n=7843). Next, we validated and extended these findings to more refined CVD endpoints in five additional cohorts (n=15,527). We first examined the variance accounted for by common laboratory studies (lipid panel, HbA1c, hs-CRP, and basic metabolic panel) by traditional risk factors in NHANES. With the exception of hemoglobin (Hb)-related components, we found that traditional risk factors accounted for less than 20% of the variance in CBC values, similar to that of lipid parameters. Additionally, in the clinically adjusted model, the CBC was more strongly associated with all-cause mortality than the lipid panel or CRP (p<0.0001). Next, we validated and extended these findings across five additional longitudinal cohorts with a mean follow-up of 16 years to evaluate the association of individual CBC parameters and their principal components with refined CVD endpoints. In the fully adjusted meta-analyses across the five cohorts, several CBC components including the white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil (PMN) count, hemoglobin (Hb) level, and an integrated immune cell score, were associated with individual CVD endpoints and a composite CV endpoint (MACE3: incident stroke, MI, and revascularization) with standardized hazard ratios of 1.13 (p=0.002), 1.15 (p=0.0006), 0.82 (p<0.0001), and 2.16 (p<0.0001) respectively. This study represents the first systematic examination of the relationship between CBC features and established risk factors, as well as numerous CVD endpoints, in a diverse cohort of 23,370 adults. The findings of this study underscore the potential utility of integrating CBC features into CVD risk assessment and suggest important mechanistic insights into the association between individual CBC components and the genesis of CVD.