Rice Harvest Research Articles

Advancing Rice Grain Impurity Segmentation with an Enhanced SegFormer and Multi-Scale Feature Integration

During the rice harvesting process, severe occlusion and adhesion exist among multiple targets, such as rice, straw, and leaves, making it difficult to accurately distinguish between rice grains and impurities. To address the current challenges, a lightweight semantic segmentation algorithm for impurities based on an improved SegFormer network is proposed. To make full use of the extracted features, the decoder was redesigned. First, the Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) was introduced to optimize the structure, selectively fusing the high-level semantic features and low-level texture features generated by the encoder. Secondly, a Part Large Kernel Attention (Part-LKA) module was designed and introduced after feature fusion to help the model focus on key regions, simplifying the model and accelerating computation. Finally, to compensate for the lack of spatial interaction capabilities, Bottleneck Recursive Gated Convolution (B-gnConv) was introduced to achieve effective segmentation of rice grains and impurities. Compared with the original model, the improved model’s pixel accuracy (PA) and F1 score increased by 1.6% and 3.1%, respectively. This provides a valuable algorithmic reference for designing a real-time impurity rate monitoring system for rice combine harvesters.

Combining AI with Sensor Data to Create Better Rice Harvesting Techniques

Combining AI with Sensor Data to Create Better Rice Harvesting Techniques

Climate Change and Rural Women's Participation in Rice Processing: Challenges and Prospects in Wushishi, Niger State, Nigeria

Climate change poses significant threats to rural women's livelihoods in Niger State's Wushishi Local Government Area, where rice processing is a vital economic activity. This study examined the percentage of rural females involved in rice processing in the area, with a focus on their socioeconomic characteristics, participation levels, and challenges faced. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 125 processors from five processing towns in the Wushishi local government area. The data was analyzed using Net Farm Income and descriptive statistics. The results indicate that 67.2% of the processors were between the ages of 30 and 50. However, climate change affects their participation in rice production, as they face increased labor burdens, reduced access to resources, and limited decision-making power. The study found that 78.4%, 64.0%, and 56.0% of participants declined to take part in the rice harvesting, threshing, and winnowing processes, respectively. In contrast, 66.4%, 96.0%, 93.6%, and 87.2% of the processors engaged in grinding, drying, parboiling, and storage. Each respondent's net farm income was ₦24,697.37, indicating the profit from rice processing in the Wushishi area. The primary obstacles faced by the participants included insufficient credit facilities, insufficient money, substandard storage facilities, unreliable transit routes, unstable electrical supplies, and lack of technical processing expertise, all of which are exacerbated by climate change. Policy considerations should prioritize making incentives available for upgrading processing technologies that will increase the rice processing process and provide better products with high market value and gain, thereby enhancing the resilience of rural women in the face of climate change. Additionally, respondents should establish cooperatives to strengthen their position in rice processing and advocate for improved access to credits, farm inputs, and climate-resilient agricultural practices.

Dissemination of Organic Waste Crushing Machine Technology to Accelerate The Competitiveness of Zero Waste-Based Farming Businesses

Straw is a waste from the rice harvest left over from farming activities that can be used as animal feed and organic fertilizer. Rice straw as an animal feed can be supplemented with probiotics to increase feed nutrition. Rice straw has a high potassium content which is beneficial for the fertility of agricultural land soil. The purpose of this community service activity is to increase the knowledge of the Sri Warga farmer group regarding the benefits of rice straw and the application of organic waste shredding machine technology. The physical process of shredding rice straw can improve the quality of animal feed and can accelerate the composting process of organic fertilizer. The results of the community service activity show the enthusiasm of the farmer group members in the application of organic waste shredding machine technology and the use of rice straw. There is an increase in the understanding of the knowledge of the farmer group members regarding the benefits of rice straw as an animal feed and as an organic fertilizer to improve soil quality.

Application of Mycorrhiza Biofertilizer to Increase Growth and Yield of Mungbean Grown following Paddy Rice during the Dry Season under Different Plant Spacing

In irrigated rice fields, secondary crops such as maize and pulse crops are usually grown during the dry season after harvest of paddy rice. One of the obstacles to the production of legume crops following paddy rice in the dry season is low P availability in addition to growth disturbances due to dry weather with low nighttime but high daytime temperatures. Purpose: This research aimed to examine the effects of mycorrhiza biofertilizer in increasing yield of mungbean grown following paddy rice in the dry season under two planting densities. Methods: The experiment was carried out in the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram, which is located in Narmada (West Lombok, Indonesia), from May to July 2023, which was arranged according to the Randomized Complete Block Design with six blocks and two treatment factors. The first factor was mungbean plant spacing (S1= 25x20 cm; S2= 35x20 cm) and the second one was application of mycorrhiza biofertilizer (M0= without; M1= with biofertilizer). Results: The results indicated that the application of mycorrhiza biofertilizer significantly increased yield and yield components of mungbean, both per clump and per m2, in which the average grain yield was higher in the M1 (7.42 g/clump or 124.28 g/m2) than in the M0 treatment (4.76 g/clump or 78.59 g/m2). Based on the patterns of the interaction effects, the increase in AMF spore count due to the application of mycorrhiza biofertilizer was higher in S2 than in S1 treatment, whereas the increase in mungbean grain yield per m2 was higher in S1 (72.06%) than in S2 treatment (45.59%). Conclusion: The plant density of mungbean grown following paddy rice during the dry seasons can be increased if mycorrhiza biofertilizer is applied to increase yield of the mungbean plants.

IMPLEMENTASI MBKM “MENGAJAR DI SATUAN PENDIDIKAN” DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK NEO GENESIS

This community service learning program is an implementation of the Independent Learning Independent Campus Learning (MBKM) "Teaching in Educational Units" with the object of service at PAUD and Neo Genesis Kindergarten. The goal of this activities are encourage the students to be more familiar with their natural environment. The methodology of this community service learning are to apply PjBL and PBL learning to PAUD and Kindergarten School, so that students are more familiar with the environment. The results of this community service learning program are provide a positive response for students of the natural environment, interact and do activities in nature through handling common cases. In this service, the PjBL project is to invite children to harvest rice and problem-based learning (PBL) is a case of analyzing why plants wilt. The results of learning are the formation of structured concepts and mindsets in analyzing problems and practicing them in everyday life. The conclusion of this community service learning activities is that the PjBL and PBL learning methods are able to further develop students' cognitive and psychomotor aspects towards the natural environment.

Integrated Use of Organic Manures and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield, Nutrient Contents of Rice and Wheat Crops in Recently Reclaimed Saline Sodic Soil

A field study was carried out at the Soil Salinity Research Institute's research farm in Pindi Bhattian in 2020–21 to assess the effects of using chemical and organic fertilizers together on rice and wheat yields, as well as the nutrient contents and characteristics of recently reclaimed saline sodic soil. The original characteristics of the field were ECe 8.50 dS m-1, pHs 8.90 and gypsum requirement 4.12 tons acre-1. Using 100% of the required gypsum, this field was recovered. Application rates for six distinct organic manures were 20 t. ha-1 + 75% R.D. of N P K. Merely 75% of the prescribed amount of NPK was administered in the control therapy. The manures that were used were wheat straw, sesbania green manure, press mud, FYM, poultry manure, and litter of eucalyptus leaves. The rice crop was treated with these manures one month prior to rice transplanting. Data showed that all of the manures enhanced rice yield in the paddy and straw compared to the control. Maximum yields of rice and straw were recorded in the applications of chicken manure, which was comparable to FYM and sesbania green manuring. This was followed by FYM, litter, press-mud, sesbania green manuring, wheat straw, and least in the control. All other manures remained non-significant with each other but significant over control, with the exception of P in poultry manure treated plots in straw, which stayed at par with press-mud treated plots. Maximum and considerably higher P contents were found in paddy and straw in press-mud treated plots. Plots treated with wheat straw had K levels that were both maximal and noticeably higher. Following rice crop harvest, soil tests showed that plots treated with poultry dung had lower maximum ECe. While press-mud sesbania treated plots showed a drop in maximum SAR, FYM remained at par with poultry manure. The press-mud treated plots had the highest P content in the soil, comparable to those treated with poultry manure, while the wheat straw treated plots showed the highest K content. The pH and total N levels were not statistically significant. In order to replicate the benefits of applied organic manures, wheat was grown in the same layout following the rice harvest. Wheat straw and grain yields were highest in residual poultry manure-applied plots; these yields were not significantly different from those of FYM-applied plots, which were followed by sesbania, wheat straw, and litter. Following wheat harvest, the soil's salinity and sodicity characteristics somewhat dropped while its fertility metrics slightly increased.

Komparasi Biaya Panen Padi Sawah Antara Petani Mengadopsi dan Tidak Mengadopsi Teknologi Harvester Combine Machine di Desa Padang Siring Kecamatan Seginim Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan

This research aims to analyze the comparison of lowland rice harvest costs between traditional methods and the use of combine harvester technology in Padang Siring Village, Seginim District, South Bengkulu Regency. A total of 56 farmers were research respondents, consisting of 28 farmers using combine harvesters and 28 farmers using traditional methods. Primary data was collected through observation and interviews, while secondary data came from related agency documents. The research results show that the average cost of harvesting using traditional methods reaches IDR 2,560,000, while the cost of harvesting using a Combine Harvester is IDR 1,865,000, with a cost difference of IDR 695,000. Combine Harvester provides higher cost efficiency because it only requires IDR 500/kg for production wages and harvest time is shorter, namely one day for one hectare. In contrast, traditional methods require more labor and time, so they are more expensive. Reasons why farmers choose traditional methods include muddy land conditions, narrow rice fields, and inconsistent harvests. This research concludes that the use of a Combine Harvester is more efficient in terms of cost and time, but its implementation is still hampered by land conditions. It is hoped that this study can become a reference in encouraging the adoption of appropriate technology in the agricultural sector to support sustainable food self-sufficiency.

Major diet of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) over different developmental stages in rice-field: agroecological interactions between fishes and rice in Sichuan, China, based on DNA metabarcoding approach

The rice-fish co-culture system (RFS) is a traditional cooperative farming model employed in southern China that can achieve doubling the harvest of rice (Oryza sp.) and fish. Most studies on RFS have focused on ecological mechanisms, benefits, ecosystem services, and agroecosystem functions; however, little is known about the baseline dietary composition in common carp of RFS, particularly across different developmental stages. In this study, we applied DNA metabarcoding of invertebrates (COI) and plants (Rbcl) to investigate the natural diets of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) across three developmental stages: juvenile (May), sub-adult (July), and adult (September). The animal-derived diets of common carp were dominated by prey from the orders Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Hemiptera, and the main plant-derived food items belonged to the families Poaceae, Araceae, and Hydrocharitaceae. We examined variations in the dietary compositions of common carp across three developmental stages to capture adaptations to seasonal changes in food resource availability. Additionally, we detected insect pests (species from the genera Macrosteles and Mythimna) and weeds (Eleusine indica, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Mazus japonicus, and Poa annua) in the diets of common carp, confirming the ecological benefits of common carp in rice fields by reducing insect pests and weeds. Characterizing the dietary composition and variation of common carp over developmental stages contributes to our understanding of its foraging ecology, dietary niche, and dynamics of trophic interactions, and provides critical information for evaluating the ecological benefits of common carp in RFS.

Overcoming the Impact of Bird Pests on Rice Yields Using Internet of Things Based YOLO Method

The problem of bird pests has become a serious problem in the sector of agriculture since ancient times. Bird pest attacks, especially sparrows, Church and bondol have a big influence on the quality and quantity of rice produced by farmers. This causes a decline in the economic level of people in rural areas, especially farmers. Traditional methods which are often used by farmers, such as making sounds from used cans stretched using rope can be a temporary solution to this problem, however, as the largest agricultural country in Asia Southeast of course Indonesia should implement progress and very advanced technological developments to help with problems in the agricultural sector. Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and Mobile technology Applications to develop a bird pest repellent tool Smart is expected to be a very effective solution. With integration on IoT devices, this tool has the ability to repel bird pests automatically when it detects bird objects. Results It is hoped that this research will provide great benefits and optimize rice harvest so that it can improve the welfare of farmers and Indonesian society as a whole.

Impact of seed rate and time of sowing on rice fallow crops and their sustainable production system in machine-harvested rice fields

A field experiment was conducted at the Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai to study the performance of rice fallow crops in machine-harvested rice fields. The primary objective of this study was to determine the optimal seed rate and the time of sowing rice fallow crops in machine-harvested rice fields. Rice fallow crop cultivation is the most significant low-cost production system in the delta region. However, the sustainability of the system is uncertain in the context of mechanical harvesting of rice using heavy machinery. The crops selected for the experimental trial were black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper.), sesame (Sesamum indicum), and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum). The field experiment was conducted using a strip plot design. Rice fallow crops were arranged in vertical plots, while various seed rates and sowing timings were arranged in horizontal plots. The results indicated that the sowing time and seed rate significantly influenced the growth and development of rice fallow crops in machine-harvested rice fields. On the day of rice harvest, a 20% increase in seed rate (36 kg ha−1) resulted in greater grain and straw yield among the black gram treatments. The increased seed rate compensated for the damage caused by mechanical harvesting on the day of the harvest when a combine harvester was utilized, increasing the yield and sustainability of the rice fallow crops.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens modulate autophagy pathways to control Rhizoctonia solani infection in rice

The necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani significantly threatens rice harvests and agricultural productivity by causing sheath blight disease. This study investigates the potential of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SN13) as a biocontrol agent in the sensitive rice variety Swarna against R. solani infection. Disease incidence analysis reveals untreated rice plants suffer from R. solani infection, while SN13 treatment effectively suppresses fungal growth. In detached leaf assays, SN13 mitigates R. solani-induced damage, and physio-biochemical analyses indicate improved growth in SN13-treated rice plants. Notably, treatment with chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, increases disease incidence, whereas SN13 treatment enhances the formation of autophagosomes stained with Mono Dansyl Cadaverine (MDC) dye, as observed through confocal microscopy, suggesting the involvement of autophagy in plant defense against R. solani. Gene expression analysis reveals alterations in ATG and defence-related genes (BZ1, 5H5, and 8A1), affirming that SN13 activates autophagy and bolsters plant resilience. Metabolite analysis using GC-MS indicates the accumulation of defence signalling molecules such as gluconic acid, arabitol, glucopyranoside, ribose, xylopyranose, and arabinofuranoside. Overall, this study demonstrates the role of SN13 in inducing the autophagy response and modulating crucial defense pathways to control R. solani infection in rice var Swarna.

Sikap Petani Padi terhadap Penggunaan Combine Harvester di Kecamatan Paron Kabupaten Ngawi

<p><em>The increasingly advanced development of agricultural technology in Indonesia leads to agricultural modernization. The technology currently developing in Indonesia, especially in terms of harvesting rice plants, is the combine harvester. Many farmers already use combines, one of which is the people of Jambangan and Ngale Villages, Paron Sub-district, Ngawi Regency. Using a combine harvester can provide benefits for farmers, especially in terms of efficiency in harvesting rice crops. This research aims to 1) find out the impact of using the combine harvester machine; 2) analyze the attitudes of rice farmers towards using the combine harvester machine; 3) analyze the factors that influence the attitudes of rice farmers towards using the combine harvester in Paron Sub-district, Ngawi Regency. The research method uses a quantitative approach with survey techniques. The sample consisted of 43 people and was determined using proportional random sampling. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the research show 1) the positive impact of using combine harvester technology in increasing harvest efficiency while the negative impact is resulting in soil density and a reduction in labor labor for harvesting up to 92%; 2) the attitude of rice farmers towards the use of combine harvesters is in the strongly agree category with a percentage of 80.12%; 3) the results of the analysis of factors that influence the attitudes of rice farmers towards the use of combine harvesters in Paron Sub-district, Ngawi Regency show that non-formal education and experience have a significant influence.</em></p>

Design and Parameter Optimization of a Rigid–Flexible Coupled Rod Tooth Threshing Device for Ratoon Rice Based on MBD-DEM

To solve the problem of the high loss rate of threshing devices during the mechanical harvesting of ratoon rice, we propose a method using the principle of rigid–flexible coupling in this paper to reduce losses. Through analysis of the forces and collisions on ratoon rice grains during the threshing process, it has been confirmed that changing the structure and materials of the threshing contact components can effectively reduce grain loss. A rigid–flexible coupling rod tooth was designed, and the overall structural parameters of the device were determined based on force analysis results and dimensional boundary conditions. The MBD-DEM coupling method was used to simulate the threshing process, and the force conditions of the threshing rod teeth and threshing drum were obtained. The influence of the feeding amount and of the flexible body thickness on the crushing of ratoon rice grains was analyzed. In order to obtain the device’s optimal parameter combination, a three-factor quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination experiment was conducted with drum speed, flexible body thickness, and rod tooth length as experimental factors. The optimization results showed that when the drum speed, flexible body thickness, and rod tooth length were 684 r/min, 3.86 mm, and 72.7 mm, respectively, the crushing rate, entrainment loss rate, and uncleaned rate were 1.260%, 2.132%, and 1.241%, respectively. The bench test showed that it is feasible to use the MBD–DEM coupling method to measure the motion and force of ratoon rice. The rigid–flexible coupling threshing device can reduce the grain crushing rate while ensuring grain cleanliness. Compared with traditional threshing devices, the crushing rate and entrainment loss rate of the rigid–flexible coupling threshing device were reduced by 55.7% and 27.5%, respectively. The research results can provide a reference for the design of threshing devices for ratoon rice harvesters.

Losses in Each Stage of Rice Harvest and Postharvest

Indonesia ranks second in the world for high food loss and waste levels, totaling 300 kg per capita per year. Most of these losses occur during harvesting and post-harvest stages before the produce reaches the consumer. This research aimed to determine the correlation between these stages and production loss. The research was conducted using a descriptive quantitative method in Sungai Besar Village, Ketapang Regency, from November 2022 to February 2023. The respondents in this study were 89 farmers in the village. The results showed that each stage, including the harvesting and post-harvest stages, was correlated to yield loss. The yield loss at each stage varied greatly and is affected by several factors, including harvest age, harvesting methods, tools, rice varieties, threshing mechanisms, threshing delays, drying duration, drying medium size, grain cleaning, raw grain materials, maturity level, and milling machines. The percentage of yield loss ranges from 2 to 4.46% (in the harvesting and threshing stages), 0.52 to 1.55% (in the drying stage), and 1 to 2,5% (in the milling stage). Keywords: rice, food loss, harvester, post-harvest

De Novo Transcriptome Assembly of Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata) and Characterization of WRKY Transcription Factors Response to Aluminum Stress.

Rice bean is an underutilized legume crop cultivated in Asia, and it is a good source of protein, minerals, and essential fatty acids for human consumption. Moreover, the leaves left over after harvesting rice bean seeds contain various biological constituents beneficial to humans and animals. In our study, we performed a de-novo transcriptome assembly of rice bean, characterized the WRKY transcription factors, and studied their response to aluminum stress. A total of 46.6 million clean reads, with a GC value of 43%, were generated via transcriptome sequencing. De novo assembly of the clean reads resulted in 90,933 transcripts and 74,926 unigenes, with minimum and maximum lengths of 301 bp and 24,052 bp, and N50 values of 1801 bp and 1710 bp, respectively. A total of 27,095 and 28,378 unigenes were annotated and subjected to GO and KEGG analyses. Among the unigenes, 15,593, 20,770, and 15,385 unigenes were identified in the domains of biological process, molecular function, and cellular component, respectively. A total of 16,132 unigenes were assigned to 188 pathways, including metabolic pathways (5500) and secondary metabolite biosynthesis (2858). Transcription factor analysis revealed 4860 unigenes from 98 different transcription factor families. For WRKY, a total of 95 unigenes were identified. Further analysis revealed the diverse response of WRKY transcription factors to aluminum stress. Collectively, the results of this study boost genomic resources and provide a baseline for further research on the role of WRKY transcription factors in aluminum tolerance in rice bean.

Impact of fertilization modes on the quality of japonica rice during storage under a rice–crab co-culture system

This study investigated the impact of three different fertilization modes (traditional [FP1], one-time application of organic and inorganic fertilizer [FP2], and one-time application of inorganic fertilizer [OPT]) on the quality of japonica rice (O. sativassp.japonica) during storage under a rice–crab co-culture system. A field study was conducted, with rice samples collected every two months over a one-year storage period for quality analysis. The results showed that protein accumulated with increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilization, whereas amylose content and eating quality showed the opposite trend, further causing changes in rice quality during storage. After 12 months of storage, the FP2 group had the highest breakdown value (1972.50); its chalkiness degree (6.15), setback value (−788.5), and malondialdehyde content (2.03 μmol/g) were the lowest. These results indicated that FP2 treatment improved the appearance quality and starch pasting properties of rice. Additionally, the head milled rice rate improved in all fertilization treatment groups, while the eating quality scores in the FP1 and OPT groups, as well as the pH of rice soup in all fertilization treatment groups, decreased. Overall, the initial harvest of rice treated with FP2 boasted high quality and maintained superior appearance, eating, and nutritional qualities throughout storage. These findings show that FP2 may be an ideal fertilization mode under an ecological rice–crab co-culture system.

IMPLEMENTASI FUZZY TSUKAMOTO DALAM SISTEM PREDIKSI PANEN PADI DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

Strategic efforts to maintain rice production, which is the staple food of the Indonesian people, must continue to be carried out, one of which is maintaining production in rice-producing areas such as Indramayu Regency is a step that must be prioritized. Knowing the prediction of the upcoming rice harvest is the right effort to make. Fuzzy Tsukamoto logic is a method that can be used as a calculation to make predictions, the selection of fuzzy Tsukamoto is due to its ability to predict with factors that have uncertainty such as rainfall, in addition, land area and harvest yields can also be used as variables to obtain predictions through fuzzy Tsukamoto. This study was conducted to implement fuzzy Tsukamoto for predicting rice harvest yields, where the results of the fuzzy Tsukamoto logic process that have been carried out produce six rules at the inference stage in the category of increasing or decreasing harvests, which are used as the basis for the defuzzification process to find the output value of the harvest. The calculation results are then applied in a website-based system using the Laravel framework and MySql DBMS so that they can be used to predict rice harvest yields. Based on the prediction process carried out through a system based on the fuzzy Tsukamoto method, out of 31 sub-districts, 16 sub-districts have the potential to experience a decline, and 15 sub-districts have experienced an increase in rice harvest production in Indramayu Regency.

Impact of Cluster Front Line Demonstration (CFLD) on Yield & Economics of Toria in Rain-fed North Eastern Coastal Plain Zone of Odisha

Toria is one of the most important oilseed crop after harvest of Kharif rice in rainfed areas of Balasore district of Odisha. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Balasore conducted Cluster Front Line Demonstration programme on Toria during Rabi 2019-20 to assess its impact on yield and income gap through scientific cultivation practices. The study was conducted in four villages of the district covering 180nos. farmer to find out the extension gap, technology gap, technology index and economic indexes of the crop before and after the intervention. The study revealed that, average yield of 8.5q/ha was obtained in the CFLD plot which was 44.06 per cent higher than the farmer’s practice. Similarly, the technology gap, extension gap and technology index were found to be 1.5q/ha, 2.6q/ha and 15 per cent, respectively. The average gross income in demonstrated plot was found to be Rs.34840/ ha as compared to Rs.23420/ha in farmers practice. Likewise, average net income of Rs.17040/ha was found in demonstration plot while it was Rs.8420/ha in farmers plot. The Benefit-cost ratio was found to be 1.96 in the demonstration plot which is higher as compared to 1.56 at farmer’s practices. The Study was conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Balasore to analyze the yield gap of Toria (Brassica campestris var. toria) through Cluster frontline demonstration in North Eastern Coastal Plain Zone of Odisha.

Model Lanskap Permukiman Tradisional Masyarakat Adat Rejang Provinsi Bengkulu Berbasis Budaya Lokal

Rejang is one of the original tribes of Bengkulu Province. This tribe mostly lives in the Bukit Barisan area. Some of their settlements are undergoing changes due to the rapidly growing flow of information and communication today. Conservation efforts need to be made, especially about their traditional settlement landscape model. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the character of traditional settlement landscapes and their constituent elements and compile a model of traditional settlement landscapes of the indigenous Rejang people. This research uses a descriptive method through a literature study approach, interviews, and field observations. The analysis was carried out descriptively and spatially. The landscape character of the indigenous Rejang tribe settlement is in the form of hilly landforms with land cover in the form of forests, gardens, and terraced rice fields, with the valley floor in the form of small and medium rivers. Traditional settlements stretch over ridges to mountain peaks. The character-forming features of landscapes include both natural and artificial features. Natural features consist of the elements of hills, forests, and rivers. Artificial features consist of terraced rice fields, gardens/fields, and settlements. The settlement itself includes traditional houses (including traditional chiefs' houses), circulation paths, public open spaces, and tombs. The elements that make up the Residential Garden include residential houses, rice barns (tangkiang), kitchens, fence plants, vegetable and flower plants, trees, yards, mortar (places to pound rice). Traditional ceremonial activities are held inside and outside the home, as well as communal activities such as planting and harvesting rice held in rice fields. The landscape model of the traditional settlement of the indigenous people of Rejang Lebong is linear with the center of the settlement along the main road on the ridge. The settlement is surrounded by gardens/fields and rice fields. The forest is on the outside away from settlements.