Harvard University Center Research Articles

Il made in Italy sul teatro rinascimentale: Una nuova frontiera culturale

Previous articleNext article No AccessState of the FieldIl made in Italy sul teatro rinascimentale: Una nuova frontiera culturaleMarzia PieriMarzia PieriUniversità di Siena Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance Volume 16, Number 1/2Fall 2013 Published for Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/674113 Views: 46Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref © 2013 by Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Lisa Sampson “Finally the Academies”: Networking Communities of Knowledge in Italy and Beyond, I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance 22, no.22 (Dec 2019): 369–381.https://doi.org/10.1086/705431

Owning the Corner: The “Powers” of Florence and the Question of Agency

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Experience of the Street in Early Modern ItalyOwning the Corner: The “Powers” of Florence and the Question of AgencyDavid RosenthalDavid RosenthalUniversity of Bath Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance Volume 16, Number 1/2Fall 2013 Published for Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/673420 Views: 91Total views on this site © 2013 by Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Lords and Monsters: Visible Emblems of Rule

Previous article No AccessMaterial Culture of the Italian SignoriLords and Monsters: Visible Emblems of RuleTouba GhadessiTouba GhadessiWheaton College Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance Volume 16, Number 1/2Fall 2013 Published for Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/673410 Views: 415Total views on this site © 2013 by Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Late Raphael (Madrid, Museo Nacional del Prado, 12 June–16 September 2012 and Paris, Musée du Louvre, 11 October 2012–14 January 2013). Catalogue edited by TomHenry and PaulJoannides, with essays by Tom Henry and Paul Joannides, Ana González Mozo, Bruno Mottin, Élisabeth Ravaud, Gilles Bastian and Myriam Eveno. Madrid: Museo Nacional del Prado, 2012. 384 pp. with colour illus. €35.00 ISBN:

Renaissance StudiesVolume 28, Issue 3 p. 459-468 Review of exhibition Late Raphael (Madrid, Museo Nacional del Prado, 12 June–16 September 2012 and Paris, Musée du Louvre, 11 October 2012–14 January 2013). Catalogue edited by Tom Henry and Paul Joannides, with essays by Tom Henry and Paul Joannides, Ana González Mozo, Bruno Mottin, Élisabeth Ravaud, Gilles Bastian and Myriam Eveno. Madrid: Museo Nacional del Prado, 2012. 384 pp. with colour illus. €35.00 ISBN: 978-8484802372 (pb). Eun-Sung Juliana Kang, Eun-Sung Juliana Kang Villa I Tatti, The Harvard University Center For Italian Renaissance StudiesSearch for more papers by this author Eun-Sung Juliana Kang, Eun-Sung Juliana Kang Villa I Tatti, The Harvard University Center For Italian Renaissance StudiesSearch for more papers by this author First published: 16 May 2013 https://doi.org/10.1111/rest.12007Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Volume28, Issue3June 2014Pages 459-468 RelatedInformation

Metabolic and Cardiovascular Complications in HIV-Infected Patients: New Challenges for a New Age

Metabolic and Cardiovascular Complications in HIV-Infected Patients: New Challenges for a New Age

Péter Farbaky and Louis A. Waldman, eds. Italy and Hungary: Humanism and Art in the Early Renaissance. Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies 27. Florence: Villa I Tatti, 2011. xli + 728 pp. $85. ISBN: 978–067406346–4.

Péter Farbaky and Louis A. Waldman, eds. Italy and Hungary: Humanism and Art in the Early Renaissance. Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies 27. Florence: Villa I Tatti, 2011. xli + 728 pp. $85. ISBN: 978–067406346–4. - Volume 65 Issue 3

A Key Strategy for Reducing HIV in African American Communities: Promoting HIV Testing

Funding/Support This publication resulted in part from research supported by the Harvard University Center for AIDS Research, a program funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (P30AI060354) that is supported by the following NIH institutes and centers (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine). This work was supported in part by the Houston Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center of Excellence (HFP90-020). Disclaimer The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Additional Information The Boston research findings noted in the manuscript (reference 12) are from a research study conducted in Boston, Massachusetts, with approvals from the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Committee on Clinical Investigations and the Harvard Medical School Office of Research Subject Protection.

Editors' Picks

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. The Athens Dialogues involved a year of preparation, with each presenter providing a paper for publication by the Harvard University Center for Hellenic Studies on the Internet at http://www.athensdialogues.org (accessed on 1 September 2010). Four expert respondents were selected to lead the dialogues on quality of life with prepared questions for clarifications, challenges to propositions made by the speakers, and seeking an integrative understanding of how the diachronic sense of Greek contributions may have contributed to the topic. The session was then opened to discussion by the larger audience of invited scholars and members of the public for an extended dialogue on quality of life. 2. The Quality of Life by Emmy Award–winning playwright-director Jane Anderson was winner of three 2008 LA Stage Alliance Ovation Awards, including Best Play, Best Playwright, and Best Lead Actress (Laurie Metcalf). It was also nominated for four 2007 Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Awards. 3. Quality of Life is a narrative feature film and authentic story of Michael “Heir” Rosario and Curtis “Vain” Smith, the most prolific and talented graffiti writers in the Mission District in San Francisco. It was a winner of a prestigious Special Mention jury award at the Berlin International Film Festival. 4. Human Development Reports, http://hdr.undp.org/en (accessed 1 September 2010). 5. Economist Intelligence Unit's quality of life index, http://www.economist.com/media/pdf/quality_of_life.pdf (accessed 1 September 2010). 6. Calvert–Henderson Quality of Life Indicators, http://www.calvert-henderson.com (accessed 1 September 2010). 7. R. Costanza, B. Fisher, S. Ali, C. Beer, L. Bond, R. Boumans, N. Danigelis, J. Dickinson, C. Elliott, J. Farley, D. Gayer, L. Glenn, T. Hudspeth, D. Mahoney, L. McCahill, B. McIntosh, B. Reed, S. Abu Turab Rizvi, D. Rizzo, T. Simpatico, and R. Snapp, “Quality of Life: An Approach Integrating Opportunities, Human Needs, and Subjective Well-Being,” Ecological Economics 61, no. 2–3 (2007): 267–276. 8. C. Alexander, The Nature of Order, An Essay on the Art of Building and The Nature of the Universe, Vol. 1, The Phenomenon of Life (Berkeley, CA: Center for Environmental Structure, 2002). 9. P. Crutzen, and E. Stoermer, “The Anthropo-cene,” Global Change Newsletter 41 (2000): 17–18. 10. J. Ravetz, “Post-Normal Science and the Complexity of Transitions Towards Sustainability,” Ecological Complexity 3 (2006): 275–284.

<i>An Illuminated Life: Belle da Costa Greene's Journey from Prejudice to Privilege</i> (review)

Reviewed by: An Illuminated Life: Belle da Costa Greene's Journey from Prejudice to Privilege Nena Couch An Illuminated Life: Belle da Costa Greene's Journey from Prejudice to Privilege. By Heidi Ardizzone. New York: W. W. Norton, 2007. 580 pp. $35.00. ISBN 978-0-393-05104-9. The life of the librarian seldom is acknowledged beyond the confines of the community in which she or he is active; therefore, Heidi Ardizzone's biography [End Page 375] of Belle da Costa Greene, librarian to J. Pierpont Morgan and first director of the Pierpont Morgan Library, should be a welcome publication. Greene was a widely respected and successful librarian who made significant contributions to the development and refinement of Morgan's collection until his death and continued her work with his son John "Jack" Pierpont Morgan, Jr. She was actively involved in the establishment of the Morgan Library as a public institution. Her work had national and international impact and as such is worthy of a full-length biography. Enhancing her story is her testing of boundaries: she was a woman in what was a man's field, and she was of mixed race passing as white. However, Ardizzone's primary interests are not in Greene's significant professional accomplishments—although they are touched upon in An Illuminated Life—but in "Belle's social life and experiences" (10) and in speculation about a woman with both African American and white ancestry living as white. Having chosen a subject who was a very private person in many ways and who destroyed her own papers prior to her death, Ardizzone was fortunate that Greene's correspondence of decades to her friend and lover, art scholar Bernard Berenson, is available for research at Harvard University's Center for Italian Renaissance Studies in Florence. The writer has drawn very heavily on this correspondence as well as correspondence between Berenson and his wife, Mary, to document Greene's activities, opinions, ideas, and desires over many years. While Ardizzone has paraphrased large amounts of this material, she has quoted enough for the reader to catch the tantalizing sound of Greene's voice. Yet the reader must ask why the Greene and Berenson correspondence is cited so often. As one example, the information regarding Isabella Stewart Gardner's problems with U.S. Customs (213) is a matter of public record. Is a letter from Mary to Bernard Berenson the best source of factual information regarding that case? In framing the discussion of Greene's mixed-race ancestry and its implications for her life, Ardizzone's expertise on the issues of race in American culture is evident. The difficulty comes in connecting this broader research to the details of Greene's life because of the lack of direct documentation. The author does the best she can with tenuous evidence but ventures into the area of speculation when discussing increasing rumors regarding Greene's ancestry. In her analysis of a 1934 report from Emmett Maun to M. L. Parrish, Ardizzone attributes Maun's physical description of Greene to Parrish's interest in the rumors; however, nothing in the passage confirms that Parrish specifically requested this report because of the Morgan director's race. The author makes assumptions throughout: "Maun's portrayal of Belle compels the conclusion that he was told to check for himself whether the rumors of Belle's having black ancestry were true"; "Parrish must have told Maun he had heard she might be part black" (442). In fact, if Parrish made such statements to Maun, Ardizzone does not quote or cite them. The information in Maun's letter describing Belle is of interest only if one wishes to engage in speculation. It is also surprising, given how carefully Ardizzone documents her work, that she fails to cite her statement that "at least one newspaper notice of Belle da Costa Greene's death" included the rumors of Greene's mixed race (479). What newspaper, and what did it say? In Art and Literature for Belle da Costa Greene (Princeton University Press, 1954) editor Dorothy Miner describes what a biography of Belle Greene would be (x-xi), and some of it Ardizzone has accomplished, indeed illuminating part of...

David H. Friedman, Julian Gardner, and Margaret Haines, eds. Arnolfo's Moment: Acts of an International Conference (Florence, Villa I Tatti, May 26–27, 2005). Villa I Tatti, The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies 23. Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 2009. xxxv + 297 pp. + 10 color and 88 b/w pls. 荤49. ISBN: 978–88–222–5820–5.

David H. Friedman, Julian Gardner, and Margaret Haines, eds. Arnolfo's Moment: Acts of an International Conference (Florence, Villa I Tatti, May 26–27, 2005). Villa I Tatti, The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies 23. Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 2009. xxxv + 297 pp. + 10 color and 88 b/w pls. 荤49. ISBN: 978–88–222–5820–5. - Volume 63 Issue 2

A genuine teaching experience

The NSF program Research Experiences for Undergraduates is motivated by the conviction that nothing is better than a genuine research experience for kindling a student’s enthusiasm for a career in science. Over the years REU has enabled thousands of undergraduate students to participate in research; for many of them the experience was pivotal in their decision to choose science as a career. Because the nation’s need for scientists is critical, the value of REU is inestimable. The nation’s need for high-school physics teachers is also critical. The shortage of qualified physics teachers is so grave that the problem is generally viewed as a crisis. (See reference 1 and also “Preparing High-School Physics Teachers,” by Ted Hodapp, Jack Hehn, and Warren Hein, in PHYSICS TODAY, February 2009, page 40.) For kindling an undergraduate’s enthusiasm for a career as a science teacher, I suggest that nothing is better than a genuine teaching experience. This optimistic belief in the power of a teaching experience springs from my engagement with a summer program that offers a small group of physics majors a genuine opportunity to teach, with some expert guidance. The program, now in its seventh year, is called Teaching Opportunities in Physical Science. TOPS takes place at MIT within the MIT–Harvard University Center for Ultracold Atoms (CUA), an NSF-sponsored research center. Eight undergraduate physics majors receive a summer teaching experience through TOPS. The number is tiny compared with the national need, but TOPS is propelled by the belief that even a small number of outstanding teachers can have an enormous impact over the years. TOPS students are recruited from physics departments at colleges and universities across the nation. They are well qualified in physics, often at the level for admission to a leading graduate school in physics. The participants are taught by a staff of two experienced high-school physics teachers, plus a TOPS alumnus who serves as staff assistant. The TOPS program operates for six weeks, from late June to early August. During its early years we learned that the student most valued the time actually spent teaching, and we make that time as long as possible. Before starting to teach, however, the students need to learn a few of the basics about planning a curriculum. Then, following a hands-on approach, they design their own lessons and construct experiments and demonstrations. They also learn some fundamentals in the art of teaching, and they practice conducting their classes with the staff and with each other. All this occupies the first two weeks with hours that extend to nights and weekends. The activities then move to the nearby Museum of Science, Boston, where TOPS takes over some middle-school classes for one week. Following that initiation into teaching, the students then revise the material and teach high-school students for two weeks in a TOPS-operated school at MIT. The high-school students come from the greater Boston area, attracted by the opportunity to learn some physics and spend time at MIT. Interest in the high-school program is high, spread by word of mouth. The enrollment limit is 24 students.

Immune‐based disorders: the challenges for translational immunology

‘Translational therapies of immune-based disorders’Review Series Dear Editor, Our immune system constantly interacts with our internal environment, protects us from our external environment and provides the inherent knowledge to sense the difference between friend and foe. Therefore, the immune system is one of the most dynamic body components in determining our state of health or disease. The importance of immune-based disorders is highlighted by the fact that immune-mediated inflammatory diseases are known to affect nearly 20% of the U.S. population. These conditions, which include juvenile-onset diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome, lead to chronic debilitation, life-long illness, protracted morbidity and result in great medical costs. The immune system also has a major involvement in post-transplant rejection and in the body's ability to fight invading cancer cells. Despite of these seemingly unconnected diseases, basic immunologists are in a prominent position to apprehend a broader picture under a cohesive paradigm. This forefront of future therapeutic strategies relies on the successful applications of genetic, molecular and cellular immunology to prevent, treat and cure the problems caused by immune-based disorders. The translational aspects of research that are directly related to patient care require integrated, multidisciplinary strategies involving teams skilled in basic biology and clinical investigation, ethics and regulatory issues. To take full advantage of such a global approach, it is essential to focus research programs on a limited number of well-validated basic concepts common to autoimmunity, allergy and organ transplantation. Thus, how to best enforce or end immune responses for the benefit of the patients is probably the most exciting attainable goal for today's therapeutics [1]. Starting with this issue, we are pleased to launch a new review series in the Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, devoted to present and discuss new approaches of potential relevance for the development of translational immunology. Better treatments, prevention and a cure, are the ultimate goals of multiple sclerosis (MS) research, and perhaps no branch of investigation has proven more fruitful towards these goals than the study of the immune system. In the first review article appearing in this issue, Quintana, Farez and Weiner at the Harvard University Center for Neurologic Diseases, explore MS when complex data from multiple experimental sources using interdisciplinary tools are integrated and analyzed [2–4]. Current therapies for MS have emerged from our growing understanding of how the immune system works and how it can be manipulated to suppress or regulate immune attacks. Here, they discuss how the development of computational tools for the integration of multiple data into quantitative models [5, 6], represents one of the last frontiers in drug discovery programs and the early detection of individuals at risk of suffering MS. The series will go on with key questions with a clear emphasis on translational issues. Some of them are as follows: What is the future of novel biochemical pathways and lipid-derived mediators as anti-inflammatory modulatory agents? Which are the limits posed by the immune system to different gene therapy strategies? What are the immune aspects of amyloidosis-based diseases? What are the immunological problems and the prospective solutions for stem cell-based therapies? What can be learned about the immune regulation of human haematopoietic stem cells? What are the translational values of the immunomodulatory capacities of mesenchymal stem cells? These, among other issues, will highlight ongoing research to bring forth valuable points and new ideas for discussion. Your comments, suggestions and contributions aimed to integrate basic and clinical immunology, will be warmly welcomed.

“Insignificant” Lives, Significant Writing

“Insignificant” Lives, Significant Writing Mary McCune (bio) Elisheva Baumgarten. Mothers and Children: Jewish Family Life in Medieval Europe. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004. xvi + 275 pp; ill. ISBN 0–691–09166–8 (cl). Hinde Bergner. On Long Winter Nights... : Memoirs of a Jewish Family in a Galician Township (1870–1900). Translated, edited and with an Introduction by Justin Daniel Cammy. Harvard: Harvard University Center for Jewish Studies/Harvard University Press, 2005. 122 pp; ill. ISBN 0–674–01969–5 (cl); 0–674–01970–9 (pb). Edith B. Gelles, ed. The Letters of Abigaill Levy Franks, 1733–1748. With an Introduction by Edith B. Gelles. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004. lv + 186 pp; ill. ISBN 0–300–10345–x (cl). Brenda Serotte. The Fortune Teller’s Kiss. Lincoln: University of NebraskaPress, 2006. xii + 218 pp; ill. ISBN 0–8032–4326–X (cl). Margalit Shilo. Princess or Prisoner? Jewish Women in Jerusalem, 1840–1914. Translated by David Louvish. Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 2005. xxviii + 330 pp; ill. ISBN 1–58465–483–X (cl); 1–58465–484–8 (pb). In the introduction to their mother’s memoir, Melekh Ravits and Herts Bergner note that the book does not “presume to have social or scholarly significance. When our dear mother was recording her memoirs exactly as they appear in this book, she could count on one hand an audience comprised entirely of her closest family” (31). Such was the case for most of the women profiled or studied in the books under review. Sure that their letters and memoirs had no “significance,” most wrote for their families. Others were rendered nearly voiceless due to the lack of documentation regarding their lives. And the ones who did write for publication discussed family, either their own or others. The books include memoirs, collected letters, and two scholarly studies of the intimate details of family life in the medieval and modern eras. Despite clear differences in form and time period, strong themes run throughout these books. Certainly all belie the contention that women’s private lives hold no significance. Instead, these [End Page 174] works underscore just how much a study of the family realm can tell us about “public” topics, most notably the interactions between minority and majority populations, and the ways people have struggled to remain faithful to family and tradition while simultaneously interacting with the broader world. Abigaill Levy Franks was a Jewish woman residing in New York City in the first part of the eighteenth century. As Edith B. Gelles points out in her highly informative introduction, we know little about Franks’s life other than what we can glean from the thirty–five extant letters that she wrote to her son Naphtali, then living in England. Most of these letters were first published in 1968 in Letters of the Franks Family (1733–1748), edited by Leo Hershkowitz and Isidore S. Meyer. In this new edition, Gelles provides an overview of the period and argues for the importance of Franks’s letters to colonial, Jewish, and women’s history. The footnotes to the letters, most of which were written by Hershkowitz and Meyer, offer detailed background on the numerous figures who appear in the letters. Both the introduction and the footnotes make the collection accessible to a much wider audience than specialists in colonial American history. The letters are an invaluable resource as few sources survive from this period penned by women themselves. Franks’s letters reveal a woman who read widely and was not solely consumed by domestic affairs. Keenly observant, she commented on the small New York Jewish community, noting the tensions between Sephardim and Ashkenazim, and observed the political maneuvering of the colony’s leaders. These private letters, created for her son’s eyes alone, show the fluidity between domestic and public realms. Private missives discuss many public topics including the major political struggle between the new governor, William Cosby, and his supporters in the “town party” with opponents in the “country party.” Today her letters, considered by Franks to hold no significance, have proven to be exceedingly useful, Gelles notes, as they are among the few sources that describe this particular battle in...

Encyclopedia of Islam in the United States

Some scholars believe that the influence of Islam in the United States can be traced back to Thomas Jefferson. Today, Islam and American Muslim populations are growing in importance in this country, and demand for information about them is high, especially in the aftermath of September 11, 2001. This A-to-Z encyclopedia will help students and other readers get a fast grip on pertinent holidays, terms, beliefs, practices, notables, and sects of the Islamic faith and Muslim practitioners in the United States. The accompanying primary documents volume provides 93 crucial articles, speeches, essays, poems, songs, and more to flesh out the encyclopedia entries. This encyclopedia and primary documents set, the first on the topic and for the general reader, is a must-have for every library. The primary focus is contemporary but the entries are historically contextualized, so the fuller picture of origins outside the country and practice now in the United States is clear. Further reading suggestions accompany each entry. The primary documents volume enhances the encyclopedic entries with annotated selections such as an article from an entry on a leading Muslim American magazine or an essay by a Muslim American scholar to illuminate an entry on her. This will be a boon for students doing reports on Islam and for non-Muslims looking to learn about Muslims in an objective, broad way. It is clearly and authoritatively written and compiled by a host of scholars, primarily from Harvard University's Center for Middle Eastern Studies. An introduction, chronology, selected bibliography, set index, and photos round out the set. Sample entries: African Americans; Bush, George W.; Calendar; Dietary Rules; Dress; Gulf War; Hate Crimes; Iranian Hostage Crisis; Media Coverage; The Message International Magazine; Mosques; Music; Muslim Students Association; Nation of Islam; Native Americans; New York City; Poetry; Prisons; Shi'a Communities; Sufism; World Trade Center; Young Professionals. Sample documents: Salah Al-Sawy, The Assembly of Muslim Jurists in America Fatwa Against the Danish Media and Government over the Cartoon Crisis, from The Assembly of Muslim Jurists in America; Michael Wolfe, Michael Wolfe, United States, 1990, from One Thousand Roads to Mecca: Ten Centuries of Travelers Writing about the Muslim Pilgrimage; Waris and Wajid Syed, Top 10 Muslim Hip-Hop Lyrics, from Warbux Records, beliefnet.com

Fiesole: Locus amoenus or Penitential Landscape?

Previous articleNext article No AccessFiesole: Locus amoenus or Penitential Landscape?Amanda LillieAmanda Lillie Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance Volume 112007 Published for Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/20111821 Views: 119Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 2007 Villa I TattiPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Yvonne Elet Raphael and the Roads to Rome: Designing for Diplomatic Encounters at Villa Madama, I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance 19, no.11 (May 2016): 143–175.https://doi.org/10.1086/685886

DDT is back: let us spray!

DDT is back: let us spray!

Bioterrorism and Natural Disasters: The Impact of Public Health Law on Physicians in the Case of an Emergency

Harvard University, Childrens Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts Reprint requests and correspondence: Kayla A. Feld, 1420 Harvard Yard Mail Cambridge, MA 02138.

Harvard University Center for the Environment

The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of AmericaVolume 87, Issue 1 p. 8-8 ANNOUNCEMENTFree Access Harvard University Center for the Environment First published: 01 January 2006 https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2006)87[8:HUCFTE]2.0.CO;2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract See PDF. Volume87, Issue1January 2006Pages 8-8 RelatedInformation

Comment

Comment by Marilyn Jager Adams The hopeful thesis of the chapter by Reid Lyon, Sally Shaywitz, Bennett Shaywitz, and Vinita Chhabra is that recent years have brought a shift in educational practice and policymaking toward a reliance on scientific evidence. Prompted by national data on U.S. schoolchildren's woeful reading progress, policymakers began nearly twenty years ago to ask whether reading instruction might be usefully informed by scientific research. Over the 1990s, as report after report returned strong affirmatives to this question, interest gradually turned to commitment, culminating in legislation of research-based instruction through the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. Beyond any specifics of the No Child Left Behind Act, there remain a number of issues and challenges on which the real value and longevity of this shift necessarily depend. The Whole-Language Fiasco In terms of science and theory, the whole-language movement was launched by Frank Smith.62 Smith's essential premise is that text is nothing other than one more variety of human language. Thus, he holds, children can and should learn to read and write as easily and naturally as they learn to speak and listen, requiring little more than opportunity and motivation as support. In addition, to explain the speed and depth of processing with which good readers course through text, Smith layers some truly radical assumptions about the perceptual and cognitive processes involved in reading itself. [End Page 228] "Reading," he posits, "is a process in which the reader picks and chooses from the available information only enough to select and predict a language structure which is decodable [to meaning]."63 More specifically, good readers read "by utilizing just a fourth or a tenth of the information available from every word." Combining these assumptions with his premise that learning to read is natural and driven by meaning, he concludes that skill-based instructional approaches amount to "little more than a systematic deprivation of information." Therewith he rails against teaching and even encouraging the use of spelling-to-sound correspondences; against directing children's attention to individual letters, words, or spellings, whether in isolation, in connected text, or in association with writing instruction; against discouraging or correcting errors and guesses; against the fundamental validity and utility of formal assessment devices; and against the misguidance that "pervades almost all of teacher training." In addition, he firmly renounces the value, both actual and potential, of planful instructional programs as "souped up package[s] of classroom impedimenta."64 In conclusion, he explains: The last thing I want to do is imply that teachers have been doing everything wrong. Quite the reverse, my interest is in the fact that for so long, with so many children, teachers have been doing things that are obviously right. . . . Most teachers are eclectic—they do not act as brainless purveyors of predigested instruction (that is why there is the frightening trend these days to produce "teacher-proof" materials). In short, teachers—at least the best of them—are good intuitively. They are effective without knowing why.65 Smith's books were based on his doctoral dissertation, which he had recently completed at Harvard University's Center for Cognitive Studies. His thesis supervisor was George Miller, perhaps psychology's greatest mind in information theory and processing. Smith's tenet that reading acquisition is natural was imported directly from Noam Chomsky's then cutting-edge proof that the acquisition of human language must be, in part, prewired.66 In short, Smith's theory had all the markings of top-drawer scientific work. Nonetheless, it was wrong at nearly every level. One worthy lesson of the Frank Smith saga is that the credibility of the theory and the credentials of the theorists are two separate issues. Yet there is also another that seems at least as important: the impact of Smith's writings surely owed less to his theory than to the voice in which he presented it. Smith directed his 1973...

Massimiliano Rossi and Fiorella Gioffredi Superbi, eds. L’arme e gli amori: Ariosto, Tasso and Guarini in Late Renaissance Florence. Vol. 1, Genre and Genealogy. Dynasty, Court and Imagery. Acts of an International Conference, June 27–29, 2001. Villa I Tatti. The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies 20. Florence: Leo S. Olschki, Vol. 1, Vol. 2, 2004. xviii + 468

Massimiliano Rossi and Fiorella Gioffredi Superbi, eds. L’arme e gli amori: Ariosto, Tasso and Guarini in Late Renaissance Florence. Vol. 1, Genre and Genealogy. Dynasty, Court and Imagery. Acts of an International Conference, June 27–29, 2001. Villa I Tatti. The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies 20. Florence: Leo S. Olschki, Vol. 1, Vol. 2, 2004. xviii + 468 pp. + 83 b/w pls. index. append. illus. tbls. €65. ISBN: 88-222-5360-4. - Volume 58 Issue 4