Harmful Effects Of Noise Research Articles

High Decibels as Causing Deconcentration and Hearing Damage in Pilots, Crew Members and Passengers Passengers: Experimental Study in the Brazilian Air Force

Hearing is one of the main senses for aeronautical activities and plays a key role in the intelligibility of communications between pilots. Noise is a factor that impairs good hearing and can lead to various health problems, as well as impairing the performance of aviation cadets when they perform multiple tasks during flight. It is important to educate airmen about how noise can negatively affect instructional flights and the conditions that expose them to too much of a drop in concentration during flights. The sound pressure levels to which cadet airmen are exposed during their training is an aggravating factor for their communication and safety. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between noise and loss of concentration during instruction in the Neiva T-25 aircraft, with the aim of collecting and analyzing data in order to improve air mission instruction in terms of health and flight safety by highlighting the harmful nature of noise in the Second Air Instruction Squadron (2º EIA). A questionnaire with eight questions about the influence of noise on the performance of aerial mission practices was administered to a sample of 20 Cadet Aviators from the Second Squadron who were taking part in the aerial instruction course in the Neiva T-25. The results of the questionnaires showed the importance of raising awareness about the harmful effects of noise in military activity, as it is a matter of flight safety.

The Echoes of Noise: Residential Exposure to Traffic and Risk of Tinnitus.

The Echoes of Noise: Residential Exposure to Traffic and Risk of Tinnitus.

EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF NOISE ON HUMAN PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH

Scientific and technical progress gives man unprecedented opportunities, but at the same time he faces problems of no less magnitude. Harmful effects of the environment on public health, after air pollution, noise is on the second place. Noise creates discomfort and has a negative impact on human health. According to the available data, which are based on international studies, the "noise pollution" characteristic of big cities reduces the life expectancy of citizens by 10-12 years. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the population from the harmful effects of noise. Many countries, including Georgia, take various measures to reduce the noise level, which includes legal prohibitions. In medicine, the method of treatment called "sound therapy" is gaining more and more popularity, which have a positive effect on the human body and can be used both for the prevention and treatment of diseases, and for rehabilitation. According to the European Environment Agency data, as a harmful environmental impact on public health, after air pollution, noise is in second place. The study and assessment of the impact of noise on human physical and mental health is the most important issue of health and environmental medicine.

Noise Mapping During Deepawali Festival in Raipur City of Chhattisgarh, India

Noise pollution assessment and mapping is one of the outstanding tasks during the festivals which silently affect the health of human beings. Burning of crackers is part of celebration during the Deepawali festival which elevates the levels of noise in the ambient surroundings. This study is performed in order to monitor the levels of noise during the Deepawali festival at different zones of Raipur City. The observations were made by Sound Level Meter (SLM -100 Class II) for different time and locations. All the observations were taken during peak hours (16:00-18:00 for Silence, 18:00-20:00 for Commercial and 20:00-22:00 for Residential zone). Commercial zone showed maximum Leq (83.78 dB)in evening time before Deepawali due to rush of traffic however the levels showed decreased value (79.19 dB) on festival day. Consequently residential area had maximum levels (88. 36 dB) on festival day however all the four observations were above 80dB which is required to be control for benefitting the human health. Lastly silence zone also showed level (71.8 dB) on festival day. Noise distribution map has also been prepared which is showing clear idea of the noise levels at different zones during the Deepawali festival. From this study it is brought to the light that noise levels are at elevated side for all zones during the festival (Deepawali) hence mitigation is very much essential for saving people from the harmful effects of noise.

APPLICATION OF PREDICTABLE ACOUSTIC SOFTWARE FOR TRAM NOISE MODELING IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

Introduction. Scientific and technological progress in all industries and in transport is accompanied by the development and widespread introduction of various equipment, machines and vehicles. The growth of capacities of modern equipment, machines, household appliances, and the rapid development of all modes of transport have led to the fact that people at work and in everyday life are constantly exposed to high-intensity noise. The harmful effects of noise can be the result of occupational diseases, increased overall morbidity, reduced efficiency, increased risk of injuries and accidents associated with impaired perception of warning signals, impaired auditory control of technological equipment, and reduced productivity. The whole complex of changes that occur in the human body during prolonged exposure to noise should be considered as a "noise disease".

Effectiveness of hearing protection apparatus in preventing noise induced vestibular loss

ABSTRACT Hearing protection apparatus (HPAs) are frequently used to prevent the detrimental effect of noise on the hearing system. However, it is not known exactly whether wearing HPAs in workers protects the vestibular system. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of wearing HPAs in preventing vestibular loss caused by noise. Eighty-one workers exposed to chronic noise were divided into three groups according to their HPAs wearing status. Pure-tone audiometry test was used to evaluate the hearing. Caloric test and visual analogue scale were used to evaluate their vestibular systems. The pure-tone average of the workers who constantly wore HPAs was better than that of the other groups (p< 0.05). There was no difference between the groups in the vestibular tests (p > 0.05). This study demonstrated that HPAs do not protect the vestibular system but protect the hearing system in the inner ear from the harmful effects of noise

Reducing the harmful effects of noise on the human environment. Sound insulation of industrial skeleton enclosures in the 10\u201340 kHz frequency range

PurposeThe purpose of the research is to work out a method for determining the sound insulation of acoustic enclosures for industrial sources emitting noise in the frequency range of 10–40 kHz and apply the method to measure the sound insulation of acoustic enclosures build of different materials.MethodsThe method is developed by appropriate adaptation of techniques applicable currently for sound frequencies of up to 10 kHz. The sound insulation of example enclosures is determined with the use of this newly developed method.ResultsThe research results indicate that enclosures (made of polycarbonate, plexiglass, sheet aluminium, sheet steel, plywood, and composite materials) enable reducing the sound pressure level in the environment for the frequency of 10 kHz by 19–25 dB with the reduction increasing to 40–48 dB for the frequency of 40 Hz. The sound insulation of acoustic enclosures with a sound-absorbing material inside reaches about 38 dB for the frequency of 10 kHz and about 63 dB for the frequency of 40 kHz.ConclusionSome pieces of equipment installed in the work environment are sources of noise emitted in the 10–40 kHz frequency range with the intensity which can be high enough to be harmful to humans. The most effective technical reduction of the associated risks are acoustic enclosures for such noise sources. The sound pressure level reduction obtained after provision of an enclosure depends on its design (shape, size, material, and thickness of walls) and the noise source frequency spectrum. Realistically available noise reduction values may exceed 60 dB.

Noise pollution: it’s time to noise about

Carrying the reputation of silent killer of 21st century, ‘Noise’ a modern day pollutant is defined as an unpleasant, disharmonic and undesired acoustic signal. World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated it dimensions and warned that 10% of the population is exposed to both short and long term health related issues due to noise. Whilst facing the conflict between development and human health, the noise favors the present day industrialization and urbanization. The harmful effect of noise may start from intrauterine life and continues till old age. Noise of more than 85-95dB affects both the fetus and neonates by damaging the cochlear hair cell and results in high frequency hearing loss. At times prematurity, low birth rate and birth defects are also associated with exposure to high dB noise.

Investigation &amp;amp; Examination of Noise Pollution - Definition, Sources, Effects, Monitoring and Control

Purpose – The study examines and investigates the problem of noise pollution in relation to its harmful effects on the human life. This study provides most appropriate definition of noise, identifies various sources of noise, investigates awareness level of public for noise, examines harmful effects of excessive noise and provides valuable suggestions for controlling the noise level. Methodology - This study is based on primary data collected from population of Delhi through a structured online questionnaire with sample of 350 respondents. The analysis has been carried out based on “cross-classifications’ in terms of ‘age’ as well as ‘gender’. Findings – This study revealed that male community is more aware about the noise pollution compared to female community. Most of the community is ignorant of what constitutes noise pollution as well as its adverse socio-economic & health impacts. Further the control of noise pollution has been hampered by insufficient knowledge of its harmful effects on human. The sound from traffic and loudspeakers is turned out major sources of outdoor noise pollutants. Primarily “traffic volume” expanded by road, rail and air traffic as a noise has gained wider recognition in terms of increasingly serious risk to human health. In case of indoor pollutants, television and different home appliances are reported as major noise sources. Even youngsters are also victim of noise at large scale. Noise extensively results in annoyance, disturb sleep, harmful effect on hearing, reduce working efficiency and interfere with communication. Public awareness programmes, education and technological solutions appeared to be the best methods to achieve the goal of noise reduction. Government can also play a significant role in putting efforts towards reduction of noise level by establishing & enforcing noise guidelines, standards and strict regulatory framework. Research Limitations and Practical implications – This study is limited to population of Delhi metro city in India. The findings in this study have several policy implications. Government should develop management strategies and action plans for noise control. The empirical evidences gathered through this study can be employed for developing appropriate legal and public action programs and awareness programs to disseminate knowledge about harmful effects of noise on human health and routine life.

The use of nonhuman primates in studies of noise injury and treatment.

Exposure to prolonged or high intensity noise increases the risk for permanent hearing impairment. Over several decades, researchers characterized the nature of harmful noise exposures and worked to establish guidelines for effective protection. Recent laboratory studies, primarily conducted in rodent models, indicate that the auditory system may be more vulnerable to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) than previously thought, driving renewed inquiries into the harmful effects of noise in humans. To bridge the translational gaps between rodents and humans, nonhuman primates (NHPs) may serve as key animal models. The phylogenetic proximity of NHPs to humans underlies tremendous similarity in many features of the auditory system (genomic, anatomical, physiological, behavioral), all of which are important considerations in the assessment and treatment of NIHL. This review summarizes the literature pertaining to NHPs as models of hearing and noise-induced hearing loss, discusses factors relevant to the translation of diagnostics and therapeutics from animals to humans, and concludes with some of the practical considerations involved in conducting NHP research.

The Cardiovascular Effects of Noise.

Traffic noise can induce chronic stress reactions and thereby elevate the risk of cardiovascular disease. The responsible pathophysiological mechanisms are as yet unclear. This review is based on publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed for epidemiological and experimental studies (2007-2018) on the relation between noise and the risk of cardiovascular disease. The search terms were "noise AND cardiovascular effects" and "noise cardiovascular effects." Epidemiological studies have shown that noise caused by air, road, and rail traffic has a dose-dependent association with elevated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A current meta-analysis commissioned by the World Health Organization concludes that road-traffic noise elevates the incidence of coronary heart disease by 8% per 10 dB(A) increase starting at 50 dB(A) (95% confidence interval [1,01; 1,15]). Traffic noise at night causes fragmentation of sleep, elevation of stress hormone levels, and oxidative stress. These factors can promote the development of vascular dysfunction (endothelial dysfunction) and high blood pressure, which, in turn, elevate the cardiovascular risk. Traffic noise, and air-traffic noise in particular, is an important cardiovascular risk factor that has not been sufficiently studied to date. Preventive measures are needed to protect the population from the harmful effects of noise on health.

Total hearing health: An approach for raising noise awareness in society

Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common work-related illnesses in the United States, and an estimated 24% of hearing difficulty among the working population is attributable to workplace exposures. However, the harmful effects of noise are evident even among non-workers. Regardless of occupation, nearly everyone will encounter hazardous noise at some point during their lifetime. NIOSH promotes Total Hearing Health, which broadens the scope of hearing loss prevention interventions to encompass all risks to hearing, both at and away from work. This presentation will discuss tools for applying the Total Hearing Health approach to increasing noise awareness. These tools include (a) Apps and devices which measure noise exposure and provide information on hearing loss risk; (b) Promotional ideas to raise awareness of hearing health at worksites, classrooms, health fairs, sporting events, and other venues; and (c) Wikipedia, blogs, and social media tools for expanding the reach of hearing loss prevention messages. Increasing noise awareness requires engaging the public in an authentic and meaningful way. Examples of how NIOSH have implemented Total Hearing Health to accomplish this goal and recommendations for incorporating Total Hearing Health in your own work will be provided.

ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE: HEALTH AND POLICY - AN UP TO DATE MINIREVIEW

Noise is considered as an unpleasant sound . Since ancient times noise was perceived like a disruptive element. In the last three centuries, particularly in industrialized countries, the noise became a major public health issue, especially for the hearing system. The harmful effects of noise are felt not only by the hearing system, but also by other systems (cardiovascular, central nervous system by affecting sleep and cognition) and it was recently pinpointed that the immune system and the fetus are affected. Studies conducted in several large cities from Romania, starting with the year 2000 show that a significant percent of population living in urban areas is exposed to over 55 dB noise during the day and above 50dB at night, the situation being identical with the one existing in other EU countries. There are more than two decades since the EU has been working on developing a harmonized noise policy. Until 2020, the EU policy s main objective is to ensure that noise pollution in the Union will significantly decrease, moving closer to WHO-recommended levels .

Noise: The disease of urban environments: Management and protection measures

Communal noise is the noise that comes from living together. It is the noise in the interior or exterior, whether in the working or living environment, spaces in public buildings or open public areas. The issue of communal noise has been partially resolved on paper by lows and by-lows on the permissible noise levels in the environment. However, the question is how much noise the community will tolerate, i.e, at what point citizens will start fighting noise. Numerous cities have signed strict regulations for reducing noise levels, both day and night, with a proposal for permitted limits. This paper presents commonly used methods for managing and protecting against the harmful effects of noise.

Health and social aspects of the harmful effects of noise in the workplace

Health and social aspects of the harmful effects of noise in the workplace

Sound labels for classifying environment-friendly products—Progress and challenges

People are permanently exposed to noise caused by numerous products. The environmental awareness increases, the harmful effect of noise on humans is well acknowledged, and at the same time the desire for acoustic comfort rises. Thus, different emission-related labels are introduced as a reference for consumers informing about relevant product emissions. In fact, surveys show that product sound is already one of the top product features regarding the purchase decision. Thus, it seems that fewer emissions of everyday products are beneficial for all—consumers as well as manufacturers, and finally public health. However, most of the current sound labels use only simple noise level indicators and are only optional leading to an insignificant impact on purchase decisions and reducing the benefit of acoustically-friendly products on our acoustic environment. Moreover, several existing sound labels consider only simple minimum specifications and neglect sound quality related aspects at all. The paper provides an ...

Measuring noise and vibration in the cockpit of the Mi-8 helicopter

Noise and vibration are among the main negative elements of the working environment. The aim of this study was to determine the measurement of the size of their effect on helicopter pilots and crew members. The results were compared with the warning and limit values determined by the existing Directives of the European Commission in the field of noise and vibration. The comparison of the results has led to the conclusion that the measured values are unacceptable in terms of safety and health at work and that the measured values exceed the limits. The measurements have pointed out to a danger of occupational diseases among crew members and to the necessity to take measures to reduce the harmful effects of noise and vibration on helicopter personnel.

Personal listening devices and the prevention of noise induced hearing loss in children: The cheers for ears pilot program

To determine whether the Cheers for Ears Program on noise induced hearing loss prevention was effective in improving current knowledge of noise impact of personal listening devices on hearing, and in changing self-reported listening behavior of primary school students aged between 9 years and 13 years. A survey study was implemented at participating primary schools. Schools represented various levels of socio-economic status. Informed consent (parents and teachers) and informed assent (pupils) were obtained. All pupils participated in two interactive sessions (the second 6 weeks after first) and only those who provided assent and consent were surveyed at three points during the study: Prior to the first session (baseline), directly post-session and at 3 months post-session. A total of 318 pupils were surveyed. The median age of the participants was 11 years (nearly 50% of the total cohort). Significant changes are reported in their knowledge about hearing and in listening behavior of the participants as measured by pre- and post-measurement. The changes in behaviors were stable and sustained at 3 months post-intervention survey point and the success of the program can be attributed to the multimodal interactive nature of the sessions, the spacing of the sessions and the survey points. Wide-ranging support from schools and departments also played a role. The pilot Cheers for Ears Program is effective in increasing knowledge on the harmful effects of noise and therefore, it may prevent future noise-induced hearing loss.

Hybrid Methodology for Structural Health Monitoring Based on Immune Algorithms and Symbolic Time Series Analysis

This hybrid methodology for structural health monitoring (SHM) is based on immune algorithms (IAs) and symbolic time series analysis (STSA). Real-valued negative selection (RNS) is used to detect damage detection and adaptive immune clonal selection algorithm (AICSA) is used to localize and quantify the damage. Data symbolization by using STSA alleviates the effects of harmful noise in raw acceleration data. This paper explains the mathematical basis of STSA and the procedure of the hybrid methodology. It also describes the results of an simulation experiment on a five-story shear frame structure that indicated the hybrid strategy can efficiently and precisely detect, localize and quantify damage to civil engineering structures in the presence of measurement noise.

Measurement of acoustic properties of noise protection screen in Kharkov

The article considers the question of measurement of the efficiency of noise protection screen, the impact of traffic noise on human health, the analysis of the theoretical calculations and experimental data. On the basis of theoretical calculations and experimental data we suggested the methods of improvement of noise protection properties of screens. The acoustic ecology research is important, because on the basis of such measurements it is possible to map the noise of the city, to mark out the areas with high sound pressure, which need to be secured against such a harmful influence; and areas with a low sound pressure, the so-called quiet zones - the most favorable for recreation and life. There are a lot of works and researches on the harmful effects of noise. The data presented in the article show the efficiency of noise protection screens in urban areas and along highways