Hardy-Rand-Rittler Research Articles

Color Vision Deficiencies in American Youths

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the course of the third program of the US National Health Survey,¹the opportunity was taken to estimate incidence of color vision deficiency in a specially selected group, designed to be a fair sample of youths between the ages of 12 and 17 years. Taking into account age, sex, race, family income, geographic region, and population size of place of residence, a stratified probability sample in each of five successive stages was taken; details of the method are given in an appendix.¹The object of the study was to determine factors of physical and intellectual growth and development. Color vision testing was performed in the total sample by means of a selection of seven Ishihara plates, as suggested by Sloan and Habel.²Those failing any of the Ishihara plate tests were then screened with the American Optical Company (AOC)³and Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR)

An evaluation of the AO H-R-R pseudoisochromatic plates; a test for detecting, classifying, and estimating the degree of defective color vision.

AO H-R-R (Hardy-Rand-Rittler) Pseudoisochromatic Plates 1 present for general use a comprehensive, inexpensive, and rapid test of color vision suitable for office, school, and clinic—a test which should be of considerable practical value. principles underlying the test and its unique features have been described in previous papers published in theArchives 2 under the title The H-R-R Polychromatic Plates. present paper is a brief report on our evaluation of the H-R-R Plates as made commercially available by the American Optical Company. report will deal only with the test as a device for analyzing red-green vision, since the number of subjects who have made errors in the blue-yellow series of plates is too small to warrant conclusions as to the value of the plates of this series. In the previous paper an evaluation was given of the H-R-R Polychromatic Plates (hereafter to be referred to as the