Hardware Design Of System Research Articles

Research on a visualized real-time monitoring system for the slurry chamber of a slurry shield

In this study, a visualized real-time monitoring system was established to monitor the working conditions of the slurry chamber and collect rotation situations of the cutter head, wear conditions of the disc cutters, image information of the excavated strata and flow characteristics of the slurry. The operating condition of the front-end equipment is shown on the upper computer, and the signal collected by the camera is transmitted to the video acquisition system in real-time. Hence, this paper presents solutions to the system with an emphasis on the system structure, hardware, and software design, and verification. The system verification was conducted through a field test in a project site, where the system could reliably monitor the slurry chamber.

Hardware Design and Building of Industrial Environment Monitoring System

Hardware Design and Building of Industrial Environment Monitoring System

Head Posture Recognition Method Based on POSIT Algorithm

Helmet Mounted Sight (HMS) is an optical aiming and display device installed on the fighter, which plays an important role in modern air combat, but it cost a lot to install a real HMS on ground fighter simulator, so it is a wise choice to design a low-cost simulation HMS instead. In this process, the head posture recognition method is the key point in simulation HMS design. In this paper, a head posture recognition method is proposed for Flight Training Simulation. Firstly, the development process and working principle of Helmet Mounted Sight (HMS) are deeply studied, then the principle of POSIT algorithm is introduced, after that the head posture recognition method based on POSIT is proposed. Finally, the hardware design and software workflow of head posture recognition system are given.

Design of Control System for Fresh Air Conditioner

In response to the increasing requirements of most residents for indoor living conditions, the design of an air conditioner control system based on the STM32 single-chip microcomputer is proposed, and the touch screen is used as superior computer to monitor and adjust the temperature and humidity and air quality of each room. Complete the software and hardware design of the air conditioner control system and use the PID control algorithm to optimize the control process.

Performance comparison between optimization algorithms for asymmetrical cascaded multilevel inverter control

This paper discusses the hardware and control system design of the asymmetric cascade multilevel inverter. The asymmetric cascaded multilevel inverter structure is adopted to minimize bridges, gate drive circuits and DC power source number. Therefore, the proposed structure is able to generate higher voltage at higher speed with low switching losses and high efficiency. Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) based on Newton-Raphson (N-R) algorithm is developed to calculate a switching angle for a range of modulation index to control asymmetric cascade multilevel inverter. Simulation results prove that Newton-Raphson technique is more effective than genetic algorithm (G-A) and equal calculated switching angles method (ECSA). A comparison between the algorithm performance for 9-level asymmetric cascade H-bridge inverter control was evaluated and experimentally tested on FPGA-based prototypes

Design and Development of Marine Temperature Data Recorder System Based on Single-Chip Microcomputer

Li, J., 2020. Design and development of marine temperature data recorder system based on single-chip microcomputer. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 571–575. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Marine data parameters play an important role in scientific and reasonable use and protection of the marine environment. Sea water temperature is one of the important parameters of marine data, which has an impact on the marine environment. Therefore, monitoring and recording sea water temperature is a crucial part of marine observation, which is of great significance for marine data research. This paper first introduces the principle of the marine temperature data recorder system based on the single-chip computer, then gives the hardware design and software design of the marine temperature data recorder system based on the single-chip computer, in order to record marine temperature data in the marine data monitoring.

Development and application of HVDC Cable polarization/depolarization current detecting instrument

In order to test the insulation state of 6kV XLPE cable reliably, the system design and related test work are carried out in this paper. High voltage excitation source, weak current test module, data acquisition system, communication, power supply and other hardware design work are described. The control of high voltage signal, switching of measurement mode, data acquisition of current and software design of man-machine interface are introduced. Finally, the designed test instrument is presented, and the field test results show that the home-made polarization and depolarization current (PDC) instrument can be used for testing, and the overall test performance is relatively good.

Model Predictive Control of Grid-Connected Wind Energy Conversion System

ABSTRACT Wind power technology can contribute to the distribution system by regulating its active power output to enhance the system reliability. Additionally, it could be economically beneficial to improve voltage quality as well as load sharing with generation at various times, avoiding load shedding and risk of potential blackouts. However, output power of the wind turbine system is variable in nature and it is difficult to export this power into the distribution system without having any appropriate control strategy. To address this issue, a model predictive control (MPC) strategy has been proposed to regulate the voltage of the feeder to balance sinusoid and for power flow control, a reference phase angle delta is generated which maintains power balance at grid terminal during wind and load variations. Effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is investigated using MATLAB/Simulink simulation studies and a hardware design of a single-phase distribution system using dSPACE platform.

Holistic System Design Evaluation Through Expanded MATE

According to Buede and Miller, not applying a holistic simulation and modeling approach to early design evaluation practices and trade studies results in greater developmental costs, time to market, and unforeseeable system-level design consequences. Completed research is presented for an innovative methodology that enhances the capacity of conventional design evaluations by integrating new types of simulations consistently into the existing Multi-attribute Tradespace Exploration (MATE) design evaluation architecture. This enhancement is particularly important for any envisioned software-intensive system that introduces greater system complexity. According to Ross et al., MATE was originally developed to guide engineering design and initial product selection by exploring candidate designs to deliver utility-based solutions. Unfortunately, the MATE methodology does not support software design evaluation and integration into complex systems. The results presented validate MATE improvements that are scalable and extensible to any software-based system of varying complexity and application. The subject research provides proof of this concept by focusing on sensor systems as an initial practical demonstration due to their rapidly expanding commercial use and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Project engineers and especially software developers in any product field will benefit from this design method by leveraging its holistic evaluation of software and hardware system design performance for more efficient product design identification and implementation.

Development of measuring instrument based on microcontroller for physics laboratory

A Multitools instrument was developed to measure physical variables such as temperature, magnetic field, and light intensity. Multitools developed using the device of ATMEGA 8535 microcontroller that consists of three sensors: LM35 as a temperature sensor, LDR as a light sensor, and UGN3503 as magnetic field sensor. The design consisted of three stages, namely system design, hardware design, and calibration phase. The calibration test result of Multitools shows alignment level of the temperature sensor 0.9893, light sensor 0.9787 and magnetic sensor 0.9996. Measurement result displayed in physical quantities data and graph on the LCD screen of Multitools. The Multitools can be used in physics lab activity to reduce the effectiveness and train the students’ skill in understanding and interpreting the graph.

The Design of Hardware System of High Precision Dynamic Flow Controller

At present, the dynamic flow controller produced in China cannot meet the demand of pharmaceutical, food, beverage and other industries in terms of its precision. Therefore, a high precision dynamic flow controller detection device is designed to improve the control accuracy of the dynamic flow controller. The device also has the function of flow calibration. The experimental results show that the high-precision dynamic flow controller detection device designed in this paper has a great improvement in the control accuracy of dynamic flow controller and can realize the high-precision calibration function of the tested flowmeter.

Design of Product Monitoring System Using Internet of Things Technology for Smart Manufacturing

The application system in the industrial era 4.0 is currently growing rapidly. One of them is the implementation of smart manufacturing in the industrial sector. In smart manufacturing, production processes can be monitored automatically and real time, starting from material selection, then the production process to the planned product. In this study discussed the design of a monitoring system on smart manufacturing based on internet of things technology. Smart technology is implemented on material scans automatically based on color sensors, then from the material it will also be known that with these materials produce certain products and require any material. In addition, the system will also automatically detect through the initial material to find out which processes will be passed. The methods used include literature studies, system requirements analysis, system design and system testing. The results of this study are in the form of a hardware system design and display of production process monitoring system applications. In the system that is made also a notification is displayed if a bottle neck occurs in the production process.

Development of near‐infrared online grading device for long jujube

AbstractAimsSoluble solids content (SSC) is an essential indicator for evaluating the internal quality of fresh jujube, which can be used to classify the quality grade of fresh jujube.MethodsIn this study, SSC was determined as the research index of the internal quality in Lingwu long jujube to classify their quality grade. The online rapid nondestructive grading device for jujube quality was designed, including the design of the hardware system and a software system. The performance of the device was evaluated by additional samples.ResultsBy grading external samples, the correct rate of classification of SSC was 86.7% (the first, second, and third grade were 100, 85.7, and 71.4%, respectively), and the residual predictive deviation (RPD) value of optimal model was 2.8 (>2.5).ConclusionsThe acquired results revealed that, the device could be used in production.Practical ApplicationsIn this study, we developed an online nondestructive sugar grading device for fresh jujubes, including the design of hardware systems, the development of software systems. NIR spectroscopy technique coupled with chemometric selection method of characteristic variables were used to build a prediction model for SSC in fresh jujubes. In addition, the model and device were evaluated by external samples, the accuracy of the result was high, and it could be used for the grading of the sugar content of fresh jujube and could potentially extend the quality parameter grading applied to other fruit. This study provided the basis for the development of nondestructive rapid grading system related to the quality of fruit and vegetable.

Design of Yaw Stability Control System for Electric Vehicle Driven by Hub Motor

In extreme weather condition, the electric vehicle yaw stability control accuracy is low. A new yaw stability control system for electric vehicle driven by hub motor is designed to simplify the hardware system design and improve the system response speed. The driving control module is used to analyse the driving state parameters of the vehicle and calculate the four-wheel moment to control the yaw stability of the vehicle, which is transmitted to the battery control module. The UDU in the control module adjusts the motor speed and power output in real time according to the vehicle power demand after analyzing the vehicle driving state data. In the software part of the system, the vehicle dynamic model is built and yaw stability control strategy is used to complete the vehicle yaw stability control. The experimental results show three important parameters of the designed system for evaluating the manoeuvrability tend to ideal values under the control of the system, in which yaw angular velocity is controlled from 0.277 rads to 0.286 rads and the difference between them is 0.002 and 0.011. The yaw stability control accuracy is also high.

The Design of Gantry Welding Production Line System Based on PLC

This paper introduces the composition of the mast welding production line, and designs the process flow of the production line. With Siemens S7-300 PLC and ET200SP as the core, this paper designs a production line control system is designed. In addition, this paper expounds on the hardware design and software design of the PLC system in detail and describes the communication methods between the PLC and the robot, and programming is conducted based on modular programming, thus making the system become stable and scalable.

Automatic Guided Waves Data Transmission System Using an Oil Industry Multiwire Cable.

Alternative wireless data communication systems are a necessity in industries that operate in harsh environments such as the oil and gas industry. Ultrasonic guided wave propagation through solid metallic structures, such as metal barriers, rods, and multiwire cables, have been proposed for data transmission purposes. In this context, multiwire cables have been explored as a communication media for the transmission of encoded ultrasonic guided waves. This work presents the proprietary hardware design and implementation of an automatic data transmission system based on the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves using as communication channels a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant oil industry multiwire cable. A dedicated communication protocol has been implemented at physical and data link layers, which involved pulse position modulation (PPM), digital signal processing (DSP), and an integrity validation byte. The data transmission system was composed of an ultrasonic guided waves PPM encoded data transmitter, a 1K22 MP-35N multiwire cable, a hardware preamplifier, a data acquisition module, a real-time (RT) DSP LabVIEW (National Instruments, Austin, TX) based demodulator, and a human-machine interface (HMI) running on a personal computer. To evaluate the communication system, the transmitter generated 60 kHz PPM energy packets containing three different bytes and their corresponding integrity validation bytes. Experimental tests were conducted in the laboratory using 1 and 10 m length cables. Although a dispersive solid elastic media was used as a communication channel, results showed that digital data transmission rates, up to 470 bps, were effectively validated.

A Systematic Method to Characterize the Soft-Failure Susceptibility of the I/Os on an Integrated Circuit Due to Electrostatic Discharge

In this paper, we present a methodology to characterize the I/O pins of a logic IC such as an application processor or ASIC with respect to soft-failure susceptibility due to electrostatic discharge. With the IC in a functional system, variable stress pulses are injected while the interface under test operates in real-world use cases. This test methodology enables the extraction of the IC behavior during ESD-like stress on a pin-by-pin basis. This characterization is intended to be performed during the validation stages of component development, making it possible to provide system developers with valuable information about potential modes of failure. This early detection of potential soft errors and their sensitivities can then be used to design for soft-failure robustness from the very beginning of system hardware and software design.

Design of Green Building Energy Consumption Data Acquisition System Based on Biological Nano Sensors

The traditional energy consumption data acquisition system for green building has low accuracy. Based on biological nano-sensors, the energy consumption data acquisition system for green building is optimized. The original chip of the data acquisition sensor of AD9280 chip is adopted, the sampling circuit of energy data is designed according to the construction of attenuation circuit, and the rs-485 communication interface electricity meter is connected with the data collector reflecting the building energy consumption to complete the system hardware design. The function of the data collector was analyzed and the collection program was designed. The energy consumption data analysis method was designed after the serial port code was converted to complete the software design of the energy consumption data collection system for green buildings. It is found that the designed system solves the problem of "data missing zero" and can effectively eliminate the fault of communication lines. Moreover, when the data volume is 800 bits, the time of the energy consumption data acquisition system is only 2.5 s, which is significantly lower than the other two collection methods, and the collection efficiency is high.

ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЕ НЕДОСТАТКОВ ПРОГРАММНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКОГО ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЯ МОДЕЛЬНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННОГО СИСТЕМНОГО ИНЖИНИРИНГА, ИСПОЛЬЗУЕМОГО ПРИ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИИ СИСТЕМ

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University) The paper advocates the need to move from separate stages of the product life cycle (LC; R&D, production, operation) to a single project implemented in a new paradigm of system design based on software and methodological tools of model-based systems engineering (MBSE). Currently available in Russia foreign software (SW) and methodological MBSE tools for the design and development (D&D) of systems (including space instruments) are expensive and complex. This paper formulates and considers the question: «Is it possible to reduce the cost and simplify the use of software and methodological MBSE tools by means that are available to a wide audience of users?». To answer this question, the authors analyzed SysML, QFD method, HoQ method, and the SW for their application. As the result of literature review, it is shown that in the leading countries, the relevance of implementing these tools in the design and development of hardware and software systems is increasing. For the use of SysML, QFD, HoQ by a wide audience of potential users from Russian Federation were defined software tools. 13 disadvantages that prevent the application of SysML, QFD and HoQ, as well as SW for their use were identified. In order to overcome the identified disadvantages, was developed SW and methodological MBSE tool based on modernization, specification and synthesis of SysML, QFD, HoQ and SW for their application. The developed MBSE SW and methodological tool allows for a wide audience of users to D&D systems in accordance with MBSE approach (QFD, HoQ, SysML), to identify critical requirements of different development elements, to develop automatically (in a few hours instead of several days) and update SysML models of requirements, to reduce labor costs for the implementation of the D&D LC stages of future analog products by 5-10%. As a result of validation of SysML models, it is proved that their repeated use reduces the planning time of the LC stages of analog products by up to 60%, increases the compliance of the reporting documentation of the LC stages with the requirements of regulatory and technical documents by 10%.

The Methods of Information Acquisition and Information Fusion of the Photoelectric Sensor-Based Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

When quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is performing various tasks, even a small angular error will affect the evaluation of the entire motion trajectory. The multiple photoelectric sensor information fusion technology and the ARM microprocessor platform are used to form an attitude reference system for UAV. First, the hardware design of the small quadrotor UAV attitude reference system based on an ARM is introduced. The design framework and information acquisition module are expounded. In terms of the software of the system, the photoelectric sensor is used to receive different kinds of information, and the dynamic loading component is adopted as the solution to the interface diversification problems. Based on the attitude reference system, the collected information needs to be fused. The Kalman filtering is taken as the research object. Combined with the multiple photoelectric sensor information fusion technology, the Kalman filtering method is improved in the data preprocessing, and the low-pass filtering is added. Therefore, the abnormal data is filtered, and the estimated values are converged in a short time. Then, the data fusion is performed by the joint Kalman filter, least-squares fusion, and extended Kalman filter, respectively. During the experimental process, the system is proved to have good robustness, that is, in the case of individual sensor failure, the attitude acquisition section still obtains accurate attitude information of the UAV. The attitude reference system of UAV is realized. With the help of multi-sensor/information fusion technology, the attitude of the UAV is better handled, and its flight stability is improved.