Hard-earned Money Research Articles

The Consumer Protection Framework of Macau Scam in Malaysia

Technological advancements have enabled the rise of various fraudulent schemes, with the Macau or phone scam becoming particularly prevalent in Malaysia. Regardless of the extensive publicity surrounding the Macau scam, every individual is susceptible to becoming a victim. Macau scam poses a significant threat, causing victims to lose their hard-earned money and suffer severe financial and psychological consequences. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to explore the consumer protection framework that safeguards consumers from Macau scammers. The investigation encompassed the current legislation and institutions pertaining to the Macau scam, which includes the existing laws and institutions related to the Macau scam. Document analysis was employed to collect information from government reports, journals, articles, laws, and other relevant materials concerning scams. The research findings suggest that the current consumer protection framework regarding the Macau scam in Malaysia can be further enhanced. Such improvement can be accomplished by strengthening the current legislation and advocating for measures to educate consumers.

Implication of Different Data Split Ratios on the Performance of Models in Price Prediction of Used Vehicles Using Regression Analysis

Introduction; Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning have become buzzwords lately due to technological changes and data quality testing, especially in shape and finish analysis. Lots of research has been conducted for linear regression algorithms to predict the price in different sectors for share stock, rental properties, prices of used cars etc. This study provides suitable data split ratio for optimum cost estimation based on linear regression model. In present days there is an increasing demand for having own car for every middle class family therefore this have given opportunity to motor vehicle business to offer wide range of used vehicle for re-sale especially companies like Maruti Suzuki, Tata motors & Mahendra motors in Indian motor vehicle industries. Therefore, it is important to know the current value of your car before spending your hard-earned money on any item. Objective; The objective of this paper is finding appropriate value of cars in Metropolitans or even in state capitals. Features like model, mileage, AC, seating capacities, fuel type automatic will be taken into account when doing this. This estimate is designed to help customers find the right options to suit their needs. Methods; We have used a linear regression model to estimate the value of the respective car. Results; For doing this price prediction in this paper using liner regression we have tried to find the optimum accuracy of model by varying data split ratio for training and test data set and concluded with the result that 80/20 ratio is the best ratio with optimum model accuracy for business domain analysis with labelled data set. Conclusion; The findings underscore the importance of careful consideration when selecting a data split ratio for price prediction models in the used vehicle market. The insights gleaned from this study can inform future research and contribute to the development of more accurate and reliable regression models in similar domains.

The best healthcare (commodity) available (for purchase): provider-induced demand for obstetric ultrasonography among ethnic minority women in rural northern Vietnam

Despite Vietnam's overall progress on maternal health indicators, marginalized ethnic minorities in remote areas face lower access to antenatal care and higher maternal mortality rates relative to the Kinh (majority ethnic group). Last year, we conducted fieldwork for 2 qualitative research projects that aimed to address maternal health inequities among pregnant ethnic minority women in rural Northern Vietnam. Although not the focus of our research, the use of ultrasonography services at for-profit private clinics was ubiquitous in participants' healthcare-seeking accounts. Ultrasound scans from for-profit clinics were a major component of ethnic minority women's antenatal care: many purchased 8 to 10 scans during pregnancy at $6.15 US dollars per scan, despite their limited agricultural income of $120 to $205 per month. Women were unaware of how many scans were recommended and their medically indicated scheduling, but purchased frequent scans to assuage pregnancy anxieties and access what they experienced as the highest-quality antenatal service. In tandem, for-profit ultrasonography providers offered broader opening hours, immediate results, and rich technological scans, which seemed to deliver poor families the most tangible "value" for their hard-earned money. Previous literature documented the concerning overuse of ultrasonography among Kinh women in urban Vietnam: What are the implications of this trend extending to affect rural-dwelling ethnic minority women who face lower education, economic marginalization, and a 4-fold higher maternal mortality rate? Our findings raise concerns related to safety, financial vulnerability and provider-induced demand, and broader health policy questions regarding healthcare commodities in low-resource settings. Critically, there is no evidence of the effect of obstetrical ultrasound on reducing maternal mortality in low- and middle-income countries, and its excess use could burden available resources and detract from evidence-based services. Our findings suggest that health system gaps are driving poor women toward frequent purchases of a single insufficient maternal health commodity: this will not improve their pregnancy outcomes or health equity for marginalized ethnic minorities. We argue that addressing this overuse of ultrasonography due to provider-induced demand requires a multipronged response that meets women's growing expectations. Our findings highlight the need for investment in health education, health promotion, and reliable high-quality public maternal healthcare for ethnic minority communities in Vietnam.

Fearless Investing

Often we find people not having enough confidence in the investing process ending up parking their hard earned money in various low return instruments which can’t even beat the inflation. In this process they end up losing the value of their money rather than increasing it. Hence the aim of this article is to encourage people to invest fearlessly and enjoy compounding their wealth by following some simple tricks.

STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIRMS’ PERFORMANCE AND STOCK MARKET RETURNS IN SELECT NSE LISTED COMPANIES

Purpose: An investor considers lot of factors while investing his money into the Stocks. Money is majorly invested in BSE or NSE in India. BSE is established in the year 1875 and NSE established in the year 1992. Apart from this some stocks are traded in local exchange market in each city. Earlier we had manual trading. However, it is more organized and digitalized now. Every investor does some survey prior to investing their hard-earned money. The reason behind investment is to earn profits over the invested money. The returns over the stock market are dependent on various micro and macro-economic factors. Panel data analysis was conducted using data from the top 50 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) over a 10-year period. The analysis explored the impact of various financial ratios on stock market returns, considering individual-specific effects and time variations. The study found that certain financial ratios, including Earnings per Share (EPS), Earning Yield, Debt to Equity ratio, and Market Capitalization to Sales ratio, significantly influenced stock market returns.
 
 Method: Panel data analysis, also known as longitudinal data analysis or panel regression, is a statistical method used to analyze data collected from a group of individuals, entities, or subjects over time. In panel data analysis, observations are made on the same subjects or entities repeatedly at multiple time points, creating a panel or panel dataset. Panel data analysis is particularly useful in social sciences, economics, and other fields where researchers are interested in studying the dynamics of individual units over time and accounting for both cross-sectional and time-series variations.
 
 Results and Conclusion: The findings from this study provide valuable guidance for individual investors, financial advisors, and policymakers in optimizing investment strategies. However, it is essential to acknowledge the limitations of this research, including the static nature of data collection and the focus on the Indian stock market. Future research should explore longitudinal effects and consider macroeconomic factors to deepen our understanding of the complex relationship between financial ratios, risks, and stock returns. The random effects model shows that the independent variables have a significant relationship with the dependent variable, meaning they are related to each other. The regression models confirm that certain financial ratios, like EPS, Price_To_Cash_Flow, and Cash_Flow_TO_Assets, have a significant impact on stock returns. The model considers the influence of time-specific factors, and the fixed effects model better captures the differences between entities, suggesting that each entity behaves differently in the analysis. In conclusion, this study highlights the multifaceted nature of the Indian stock market and the diverse factors that influence investors' decision-making processes. Enhancing financial literacy, promoting risk management, and understanding investor sentiment are crucial for building a robust and informed investor community. By addressing these aspects, investors and policymakers can contribute to the overall growth, stability, and efficiency of the Indian stock market.
 
 Implications of research: The key advantage of panel data analysis is that it allows researchers to control for individual heterogeneity and unobserved time-invariant factors, which can lead to more accurate and efficient estimates of the relationships between variables. By incorporating both within-unit and between-unit variations, panel data analysis provides a more comprehensive understanding of the data and can help identify causal relationships. Originality/value: the current paper aims to study the relationship between firms’ performance and stock market returns in select NSE listed companies.

Impact of Covid-19 on Digital Payment System in Service Industry

COVID 19, also referred to as Coronavirus 19, has declared an epidemic worldwide and closed all businesses through the implementation of a worldwide blockade by governments of all countries, leading to the protection of the health and lives of the many. it’s a significant health disease. The present research aims to research the concept of digital payments and therefore the impact of COVID 19 on digital payment services in India, especially in hospitality. Secondary research includes some perspectives or insights from other researchers who have contributed knowledge within the relevant field. Digital payment is an emerging concept that deals with currency transactions between two or more people using an online or digital platform instead of having to exchange physical money. it is a platform where no physical interaction is required to pay or receive an amount to be done via mobile device or computer worldwide 24 hours a day. The most important goal of creating digital payments is to ensure fair recording of all monetary transactions and to protect the public from having their hard-earned money stolen.

Automated Passive Income from Stock Market Using Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics with Security Aspects

With the evolution of Machine Learning, the Internet of Things (IoT), and Big Data Technologies, digital data has increased exponentially. To handle and process such a large bunch of data, high-performance computers are used across various fields. One of the fields has been the financial capital market of stocks, bonds, commodities, foreign exchange, and cryptocurrencies, where supercomputers essentially trade securities with high computational ability and intelligent algorithms. Large financial institutions with significant capital spend a lot of money on programmers and data analysts to develop the best accuracy trading algorithms to drive the overall market. A novice trader or investor with less to no experience in financial markets feels it difficult to search for good trades or stocks to invest their hard-earned money on a short to long-term time horizon. They rely on expert advice for stock recommendations and sometimes end up making significant losses. This paper focuses on developing a universal trend trading indicator that can analyze and predict the overall future trend of any stock, bond, commodity, forex, or cryptocurrency with the highest possible profitability. The historically traded extensive dataset of stock prices and investment reports of large financial institutions worldwide are gathered. Various machine learning and decision-making models are employed to perform technical and fundamental analysis across multiple securities. The output of the trend trading indicator is displayed on charting platforms, which can provide entry-exit levels at which even novice investors can decide where to invest their money. Multi timeframe analysis is deployed to predict short-term, mediumterm, and long-term overall trends, thus increasing the output accuracy. The indicator is helpful for all kinds of retail traders and investors worldwide who struggle to earn profits from financial markets. Our proposed system was able to achieve a profitability of 86.28% annual returns. The entire system, along with the trading orders, is automated so that anyone can earn extra passive income every month from the stock market.

Investors’ Perception of their Investment Decision on the Basis of ESG – A Case Study in Kolkata

Investors are pillar of any country’s economy. They are investing their hard-earned money for the development of the company as well as gaining profit for themselves. This study emphasized on the perception of investors based on Kolkata by considering ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) before taking their investment decision. ESG consideration for investing decisions is becoming more common as a crucial aspect of sustainable development due to global financial crisis. ESG analyses the characteristics of investments that affect risk management, sustainable return, and accountability. Primary data has been collected with the help of Google Form with well-structured questionnaire by using Likert 5-point scale from 55 investors in Kolkata to do this research work. Descriptive statistics, reliability test, normality test and Mann Whitney U test have been done to justify the objectives of the study. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test result suggest that the data are non-normal and it indicates performing of non-parametric test. Analysis of the study applied Mann Whitney U test to know the interdependency on the basis of gender and investment horizon as grouping variable. It reveals that there is no interdependency between gender and investment horizon with investors’ perception of their investment decision in Kolkata based on ESG performance of the company.

Unregulated Journal Publishing Industry

The study aims to draw the attention and awareness among the global research and scientific community towards the research journal publishing industry, which more or less is working as a pilfer and has monopolized the journal publishing industry to suit their commercial interests. On one hand the global research and scientific community continues to strive harder to come up with better research findings with the sole purpose to enhance the ease of living in all walks of life by disseminating the same among the end users free of cost, while on the other hand, the big research journal publishing houses have hijacked the industry by turning it into a money minting machine. Researchers are fleeced of their hard earned money by the publishers in the name of Article Processing Charges (APCs) which run anything from USD 1000 to USD 6000 and beyond per publication. Libraries associated with academic and research institutions find it difficult to subscribe journals for their user, given the ever escalating subscription costs. Onus also lies with all the stakeholders includes, government, researchers, academicians and the end users as well, who can’t watch all this happening helplessly from a distance and not putting in any effort to overcome this problem.

Impact of Banking Fraud Awareness Booklet Among The Students of Satara

With the growth of information and communication technology, the structure and nature of financial services delivery has also changed. Online banking or internet banking has emerged as a new and convenient way for using financial services like funds transfer, viewing account statement, bill payment, use of e-wallets etc. An upsurge in the use of devices connected with the internet and the convenience of online financial services has increased the risk of our hard-earned money being duped by cybercriminals.
 The main aim of this study is to assess the impact of Banking fraud awareness Booklet regarding online among students of Satara.
 The objectives of this study are to assess knowledge regarding awareness of online banking frauds among college going students, to determine the effectiveness of information booklet among college going students and also to find out association between socio-demographic variables and the booklet.
 The results show the significant increase in mean scores as (mean pre 16.92 SD=2.591 to mean post 18.32 SD=1.842). The paired 't' test applied showed the calculated paired t value (5.291 at 0.05 level of significance). The study reveals that there is association between, class, department & course of the subjects and level of knowledge regarding awareness on online banking frauds.
 The information booklet was effective in improving the knowledge of awareness regarding online banking frauds among the Undergraduate students.
 Keywords: Online banking frauds, Banking fraud awareness booklet.

BEHAVIOURAL ASPECTS OF INVESTMENT DECISIONS ON FARMS

The main purpose of this paper is to identify the behavioral factors that impact the investment decisions made by farm managers. A survey carried out in 2023 with 152farms located in Greater Poland was the source of empirical materials. The study suggests that overconfidence and over-optimism are not widespread in the group surveyed. In assessing their own knowledge of investment topics, 74% of farmers claimed to be equally competent as other agricultural producers. When preparing the implementation of an investment, most respondents (47%) foresee a neutral scenario of how the situation could development, 20% for an optimistic scenario and only13% pick a pessimistic one. Nearly25% of interviewees admitted to rely on the brand’s reputation when choosing a fixed asset (the availability heuristic). The vast majority of farmers surveyed (65%) replied that investing their own funds requires a more in-depth analysis. This corroborates the conclusions made by Richard Thaler and Eric Johnson who discovered that people are less willing to risk their own hard-earned money.

A Study of Awareness about Digital Payments among Homemaker Specially Female in Vadodara District

Abstract: Digital Payments are the fastest growing mode of payment in today's fast-paced digital world. Digital payment is a new concept that involves a monetary transaction between two or more people using an online or digital platform rather than physically exchanging money. The primary goal of going digital with payments is to keep a fair record of all monetary transactions and to keep people from losing or stealing their hard-earned money. With the rapid development of technology and the increasing popularity of digital payment methods, it is critical to understand the awareness and adoption of these services among diverse demographics. The purpose of this study is to look into the level of awareness and use of digital payment methods among homemakers in India, with a particular focus on females. The study was conducted in various urban and rural areas of India, with a diverse sample of homemakers. Data was gathered using a combination of surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions. The study focused on participants' understanding of various digital payment options, familiarity with associated technologies, and preferences for using such services. Demonetization, on the other hand, is causing a surge in cashless payments. In this future world, all payments will be made using contactless cards, mobile phone apps, and other electronic means, with notes and coins being phased out

An Impact of Graded Surveillance Measure (GSM) on Financial Performance of Selected Indian Listed Pharmaceutical Companies

During last few years many scams have come out in our country that leads to adverse impact on the interest of stakeholders who invest their hard-earned money in the companies. The faith of the investors reduces and they may switch over to some protected or closely control investment avenue or they may not invest at all due to unethical practices. This may lead to adverse impact on economic growth of the country. To avoid this consequences, Graded Surveillance Measure (GSM) is implemented as one of the measure of investors’ protection. The aim of Graded Surveillance Measure (GSM) is to advise and alert investors to be more cautious while dealing in shortlisted securities. The main objective of the study is to analyse an Impact of Graded Surveillance Measure (GSM) on Financial Performance of Selected Indian Listed Pharmaceutical Companies. The researcher has analysed collected data of selected companies to understand the impact of Graded Surveillance Measure (GSM) on Financial Performance of Selected Indian Listed Pharmaceutical Companies.

SWOT Analysis of Indirect Tax System: From the Perspectives of the lower Income Group in Malaysia

"As the only country that reverted from the Goods and Services Tax (GST) to the Sales and Services Tax (SST), Malaysia is circling around a strong rumor that the GST may be re-introduced to the country. Nonetheless, both SST and GST are deemed regressive since they can affect the household consumption expenditures of certain income groups, especially the lower-income group, which may be imposed with a heavier burden than the higher-income group. Hence, this study aims to gain the perceptions of the lower income group to assess their acceptance level towards SST 2.0. In addition, using a quadrant analysis, the study also evaluates what is still lacking in the Malaysian indirect tax system, which requires urgent attention from policymakers. Data were gathered using questionnaires disseminated to the lower income group or Bottom 40 with a household income below RM4,849 and the samples were selected using purposive sampling. A total of 236 usable questionnaires were collected and the quadrant analysis was employed to analyze the data. Overall, the results showed that Malaysia’s indirect tax system is still lacking in terms of public trust in the government, certainty, simplicity, appropriate government revenue, and the effectiveness of tax administration. Drawing from the findings of this study, policymakers can continuously mitigate the public burden by exempting or including more necessities (food) from the consumption tax, and the public should embrace the consumption tax if this could reduce their financial burden in the long run. In addition, it is important that the taxpayers feel assured that the taxes they pay using their hard-earned money are well managed in order to provide quality services to all citizens of Malaysia, especially during uncertain times due to the COVID-19 pandemic and other crises. Tax administrators could also develop adequate approaches to elicit a high public acceptance level by comprehending the good tax policy-public behavior association. In essence, the current study has significantly expanded the body of knowledge on indirect tax acceptance with novel techniques in the methodology section and additional insights into the factors impacting tax acceptance, particularly in indirect taxation."

UNVEILING THE VEIL: UNDERSTANDING MONEY LAUNDERING AND ITS IMPACT ON ORDINARY INDIVIDUALS

Money laundering refers to the illegal process of disguising the origins of money obtained through criminal activities, and one common method used is known as "money muling." A money mule is an individual who receives money into their bank account from a third party, and then transfers it to another person in cash or other currencies, in exchange for a commission. Money mules operate covertly, concealing their identities as funds are transferred globally. Unfortunately, ordinary individuals can fall victim to scams and lose their hard-earned money through this process. India is also witnessing a rise in money laundering cases, and the Government of India has taken measures to combat this issue. This paper explores the various techniques employed in money laundering, including the use of technology. It also highlights early warning signs to recognize and steps to protect oneself from being unwittingly involved in such illegal activities.

Urban Taxi Slogans: The People's Arts

Urban Taxi Slogans: The People's Arts

To What Extent Is White-Collar Crime Understandable? An Empirical Study of Determinants Based on the Theory of Convenience

White-collar crimes (WCC) or financial crimes (FC) are the crimes that are linked with the top-level management representatives who are responsible to make the right decisions for the better functioning of the organization, these individuals are highly respectable as they hold a position of high repute. However, when the same individuals either under the pressure of performance or personal issues misuse the power and control vested on them due to the position they hold in the organization, take certain decisions which lead the organization into jeopardy. These individuals not only put the hard-earned money of the investors on stake but also enjoy the best of the facilities on the basis of their position. In the said article the authors have tried to answer two major questions regarding the abuse of position and manipulation of the financial statements at the struggling phase of the firm. The base of the study is convenience theory which was used to understand the concept of convenience theory for which a questionnaire based on 7-point Likert scale was used in which responses of 230 MBA students were studied. The results were near to what were expected supporting the fact that individuals are misusing their position to commit WCC, supporting the concept of convenience theory being used in the study.

Gender Factors in the Utilization of Facebook in Selected States in Northern Nigeria

This study examines genders factor in the utilization of Facebook in selected states in Northern Nigeria. Survey method was used in conducting the study, while questionnaire was the instrument deployed in gathering the data. The study found out that the female gender even though educationally disadvantaged when compared to the male respondents, uses Facebook daily more than their male counterpart. However, both male and female respondents said the purpose of using Facebook was to communicate with friends. The findings also revealed that the two genders were satisfied with Facebook usage. A large percentage of the respondents said lack of privacy was a factor responsible for lack of Facebook usage. The study then concluded that Facebook like any other social networking site is a platform where people of different nationality, culture, social class, interest and religion meet to socialize, communicate and interact with one another. Facebook is also a platform where people are defrauded of their hard-earned money, sex trafficking, and other crimes are committed. And that Facebook can be a better social networking site if the issue of privacy concern and criminality can be addressed. However, Facebook is a two-way communication, with provision for feedback, inform of comments, likes and dislikes. The study recommended among others that Facebook and other social media should be regulated by a regulating body that is free of government control. Keywords: Communication: Facebook: Friendship: Gender: Relationship Keywords: Critical Thinking: Effects: Questioning.

Risk Reduction by Stock Portfolio Selection using LSTM and K-means Clustering

The stock market is very complex to understand. In the stock market, the stock prices keep fluctuating and it is tough to track the price of stocks. Most users find it difficult to choose the right stocks for their investment and there is a lot of confusion when selecting the right stocks in fear of losing your hard-earned money. In this paper, we discuss how to create a stock portfolio on the basis of stock prediction and then select multiple stocks using K-means clustering to reduce risk as per the profit. Many people aren’t aware of price fluctuation and lose their money in specific stocks. This paper helps to understand the benefit of diversification of stock portfolios to reduce the risk of stock market fluctuations.

Dzienniki, tom I, lata 1944–1960 [Diary, vol. 1, 1944–1960

<i>Dzienniki, tom I, lata 1944–1960</i> [Diary, vol. 1, 1944–1960