Happy Babies Research Articles

Social norms, vaccine confidence, and interpersonal communication as predictors of vaccination intentions: Findings from slum areas in Varanasi, India

In recent years, India has seen significant improvements in childhood immunization, but rates among the urban poor remain stagnant. Disruptions during COVID-19 pandemic have created further challenges. This paper focuses on how social norms, vaccine confidence, and interpersonal communication independently and jointly affect vaccine intentions among caregivers of infants living in six slum areas in Varanasi, India. Data for this study come from the baseline assessments conducted before implementing the Happy Baby Program, an intervention to improve vaccination attitudes and intentions. In-person interviews (N = 2,058) were conducted with caretakers of children up to two years old. Analyses showed that interpersonal communication about vaccines, descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and vaccine confidence were each associated with intentions to vaccinate in both a bivariate and, except for injunctive norms, a multivariate model. In addition, we found significant interactions among these variables, suggesting that the roles of interpersonal communication and vaccine confidence attenuated the relationship between social norms and vaccination intention. Overall, our model explained 46.2 % of the variance in vaccine intention. Given the strengths of the relationships observed in this study, intervention strategies should focus on enhancing social norms and vaccine confidence to promote vaccination.

Motherhood, Human Trafficking, and Asylum Seeking: The Experiences and Needs of Survivor Mothers in Birthing and Postnatal Care

This article aims to illuminate the little-studied phenomenon of asylum-seeking child-bearing women in the UK, survivors of violence and human trafficking. This is a significant issue in terms of the proportion of women affected and the paucity of care and support currently available to them as mother survivors. This study looked to examine the frontline support services of one project to survivor mothers through two collaborating organisations, Happy Baby Community and Hestia, and how their services support mothers’ experiences of perinatal mental health, infant feeding, and the general experiences of migrant women and trafficking survivors in maternity care in the UK. Using evidence collected from semi-structured service-users’ interviews and focus groups, and an anonymous online staff survey, this article shows the types of care and support that are required to address not only the challenges faced by any new mother, but also the additional challenges experienced with trafficking and seeking asylum such as mental health, housing, and legal and access to other support. This article illustrates the many complex and inter-related challenges these women face, and the way the project meets practical, informational, emotional, appraisal, and social needs. It concludes by identifying several implications of the support provided and/or needed, which could be considered by other services or policymakers looking to meet the fundamental needs and rights of this cohort.

My Happy Baby is Back: Zero Balancing, CranioSacral Therapy and a Baby’s Journey to Becoming Mobile

My Happy Baby is Back: Zero Balancing, CranioSacral Therapy and a Baby’s Journey to Becoming Mobile

Residency Diary: Fourth Year-Milestones.

Residency Diary: Fourth Year-Milestones.

Breastmilk or infant formula? Content analysis of infant feeding advice on breastmilk substitute manufacturer websites.

To evaluate messages about infant feeding on breastmilk substitute (BMS) manufacturer websites directed at US caregivers and compare information and portrayals of breast-feeding/breastmilk with that of infant formula (IF) feeding. We conducted a content analysis of US BMS companies' websites. A codebook was created through an iterative process to identify messages and images about breast-feeding/breastmilk and IF feeding, including benefits or issues associated with each, and direct-to-consumer marketing practices that could discourage breast-feeding. Data were collected in 2019-2020 and analysed in 2020-2021 for US websites of five IF manufacturers. The websites of Similac, Enfamil and Gerber, which collectively represent approximately 98 % of the US IF market, and two US organic brands, Earth's Best and Happy Baby. Websites contained more messages about breast-feeding/breastmilk than IF but were significantly more likely to mention benefits to baby of IF (44 %) than breast-feeding/breastmilk (<26 %), including significantly more statements that IF provides brain, neural and gastrointestinal benefits; 40 % of breast-feeding/breastmilk content was dedicated to breast-feeding problems (e.g. sore nipples). Twice as many screenshots compared IF brands favourably to breastmilk than as superior to other brands. Certain companies displayed images indicating ease of IF feeding and difficulty of breast-feeding. Substantial messaging on BMS manufacturer websites encouraged IF feeding and discouraged breast-feeding. Health professionals should discourage their patients from visiting these websites and the US government should regulate misleading claims. Companies should refrain from providing breast-feeding advice and align their US marketing with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes.

Analysis of the Use of E-Commerce on Consumer Decisions in Buying Baby Food Products

This study aims to analyze the use of e-commerce on consumer decisions in buying baby food products. This research is quantitative. The object of this research is the consumer of Nindita – Happy baby porridge through the Grabfood application. The data collection technique used in this study was a questionnaire. This research was conducted by using the Non-Probability Sampling technique through Accidental Sampling with a sample size of 100 respondents. The results of the research on product quality and price have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, both simultaneously and partially with statistical results using SPPS version 23. Hypothesis testing obtained t-count > t-table or (4,130 > 1,984) and Sig. 0.000 t-table or (6.338 > 1.984) and Sig. 0.000 F-table or (96.135 > 3.09) and Sig.0.000 > 0.05 with a beta value of 1.162 meaning that product quality and price have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Based on the results of the research that has been explained, it is concluded that partially product quality has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions for consumers of nindita baby porridge - happy through the Grabfood Application, the price partially has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions for nindita baby porridge – happy through the Grabfood Application, and simultaneously product quality and price have a positive and significant impact on the purchase decision of nindita baby porridge - happy through the Grabfood Application.

Improving Sexual Function in Perimenopause Women with Loving Yoga Exercise

Background: Reduced vaginal mucus to dyspareunia (pain during intercourse) is often experienced by perimenopausal women. This decreases sexual drive and awakening in women who influence sexual quality with their partner. One of the body and mind intervention exercises in premenopausal women is loving yoga. This study aims to find out the effectiveness of loving yoga against the sexual function of perimenopausal women. Methods: This type of research is a quantitative experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. Research by giving loving yoga intervention for four weeks (with intensity twice a week). Loving yoga movement focuses on kegel gymnastics and pelvic muscle movements, such as plank movement, upward dog, happy baby, downward-facing dog, cat-cow, pigeon, cobbler, leg-up-the-wall, reclining-big-toe, and bridge. Researchers measured the sexual function in 30 women by purposive sampling with inclusion criteria were aged 40-50 and still sexually active before and after loving yoga using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Analyze data using paired sample T-test. Results: This study result is seen from the mean value of 14.33, which means the FSFI score ≤ 26.5. While after complementary therapy loving yoga, the mean value of respondents is 30.13 or an FSFI score ≥ of 26.5, which means no sexual dysfunction. Based on the calculated Paired T-Test variables, the sexual function is obtained at the value of –28,748 with a significance value of &lt; 0,000 (p &lt; 0,05). Conclusion: Loving yoga has an influence 28,748 times on changes in the sexual function in perimenopausal women.

Taking a baby to the trauma symposium at the Royal Society of Medicine

For any parent in surgery, juggling a career and a family is a challenge. Parental leave can be an adventure: how to raise a healthy happy baby. However, as return to work looms, the pull of re-engaging in your own learning increases as well as, frankly, the desire to not be completely out of your depth on your first day back. With this in mind, as a breastfeeding mother, I attended an orthopaedic conference with my baby – I was assured this would be 'fine'. It was not. What followed was a steep learning curve for me and for the institution.

SUN-096 Incidentally Found Severe Hypercalcemia in a Pediatric Patient, Diagnostic Challenge

Introduction: Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia is an intriguing feature of Williams syndrome (WS), occurring in ~15% of diagnoses and is typically not clinically severe. Symptomatic hypercalcemia usually resolves during childhood, but lifelong abnormalities of calcium(Ca) and vitamin D metabolism may persist. The cause of the abnormality in Ca metabolism is still unknown. Hypercalciuria generally accompanies hypercalcemia, but isolated hypercalciuria, especially after infancy, can also occur. Nephrocalcinosis is relatively rare, found in less than 10% of patients undergoing renal ultrasonography. We report a 13-month-old female infant with a history of peripheral pulmonary stenosis and constipation, who presented with severe hypercalcemia that led to a new diagnosis of WS. Case presentation: A 13-month-old girl with a history of peripheral pulmonary stenosis, global developmental delay, and constipation presented to the neurology clinic for evaluation of gross motor delay. She was found to have upper body part hypotonia, decreased reflexes, and on laboratory evaluation, severe hypercalcemia with Ca level of 15.0 mg/dL (8.7 - 10.7). The patient was admitted for management of severe hypercalcemia. Physical exam was also remarkable for subtle features of WS: a happy baby, very social, with prominent eyes, full cheeks, flat nasal bridge, round nasal tip, full lips, and a wide smile. Repeated Ca level on admission was 15.9 mg/dL, with normal albumin level of 4.6 g/dL (2.9-5.5), elevated ionized calcium (iCal) of 1.99 mmol/L (0.95 - 1.32), and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) of <4.0 pg/mL (8.0 - 85.0). Further evaluation revealed a normal 25 hydroxy-vitamin D:41 ng/mL (30-80) and low 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D:10pg/mL (31-87). Further evaluation revealed elevated urine calcium to creatinine ratio of 0.7 (normal for age <0.56) and renal ultrasound remarkable for medullary nephrocalcinosis. The patient had a complete blood count within normal limits and a PTH related protein of 26 pg/mL (14-27), ruling out malignancy. Hypercalcemia responded well to intravenous fluids and diuretics, the patient being discharged home after two days on furosemide and potassium supplements with close electrolytes monitoring. The patient required calcium reducing therapy for four months to maintain Ca levels within 9-12 range. The medication was decreased gradually based on calcium and ical levels. The patient is currently doing well, with a normal calcium level, and has being off medication for the past three months. Conclusion: This is a rare case of severe hypercalcemia, which led to the diagnosis of WS. Although idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia occurs in 15% of patients with WS, usually the presentation is mild, and the patients do not require medical interventions. Our patient presented with severe hypercalcemia and subtle physical features of WS that led to genetic testing and final diagnosis.

Correlates of social behavior change communication on care-seeking behaviors for children with fever: an analysis of malaria household survey data from Liberia

BackgroundIn 2010, malaria was responsible for an estimated 41% of deaths among children under the age of five years in Liberia. The same year, the Rebuilding Basic Health Services Project launched “Healthy Baby, Happy Mother,” a social and behavior change communication campaign. The campaign encouraged caregivers to take children under the age of five years to a health facility as soon as children developed fever. This study investigated correlates of two case management outcomes: care-seeking for children under five with fever during the past two weeks and administration of an artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) the same or next day as fever onset.MethodsData from a 2014 cross-sectional household survey from four counties was used to investigate correlates of two case management outcomes. Using multilevel analysis, the association between these outcomes and a caregiver’s recall of the campaign, her sociodemographic characteristics, and unmeasured characteristics of the community she lived in was investigated.ResultsCaregivers living in Grand Kru County were less likely (OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.073, 0.632) to take a child to a health facility than those in Bong County. Caregiver recall of the campaign was positively associated with the odds that a child received an ACT promptly (OR 3.62, 95% CI 1.398–9.372), but not with the odds of a caregiver taking a child in their care to a health facility. While unmeasured community-level factors accounted for 19.0% of the variation in the odds that a caregiver’s child was brought to a health facility, they did not play a role in the odds of prompt ACT treatment.ConclusionsRecalling the “Healthy Mother, Happy Baby” campaign was positively associated with the odds that children received ACT promptly, even in the absence of other malaria prevention and treatment messaging. While caregiver exposure was not associated with care-seeking during the two weeks before interview, prompt care-seeking likely preceded prompt receipt of ACT since most ACT came from health facilities. Unmeasured community-level factors, such as distance from the health facility, may play a role in determining the odds that a caregiver takes a child to a health facility.

Lessons Learned from 78 Long Days in the NICU.

Lessons Learned from 78 Long Days in the NICU Alaina Pyle I was a fourth–year medical student on an elective rotation when the meticulously planned timeline for the birth of my first child was turned completely upside down. The mild back pain I had been experiencing over the last few weeks suddenly became much worse, and despite my best efforts to “power through” the work day, it reached the point that I could no longer ignore it. Something was clearly wrong. I called my husband, also a medical student at the time, and we rushed to the nearby private hospital where my obstetrician had admitting privileges. I was in the 26th week of my pregnancy, and I was doing my best not to think of all the things I now knew could go wrong for premature infants, since I had just finished my neonatal ICU rotation a few weeks beforehand. During my time in the NICU as a pregnant medical student, my son and I had crossed the threshold of viability, and so I breathed a sigh of relief, believing that I was out of the woods. I had somehow managed to put out of my mind that you are never, ever free from the dangers of pregnancy until well after you are handed a healthy, happy baby. We arrived at the labor and delivery triage in what felt like only a few minutes, where we were settled quickly into a curtained–off hospital bed. Tests were sent, vital signs were measured, and reassurances were given in calm and kind voices. I saw my blood pressure was 145/90 and thought, “How very odd, it must be all this pain and stress, because my blood pressure is never that high!” The test results eventually came back and indicated that I had developed preeclampsia, a relatively uncommon disorder of pregnancy. I was relieved to have an explanation for my symptoms but the very real concern that I may need to deliver significantly prematurely began to set in. My plan—to work through the remainder of my pregnancy and complete all my residency interviews so I could have some time off at home with my son—disappeared. Over the next several days, I spoke with the medical school to make arrangements for my [End Page 192] scheduled rotations, and cancel my upcoming Step 2 exam, as well as the weekend trip my husband and I had planned as our “baby–moon”. I did all of this while on a magnesium drip to treat the preeclampsia, which caused dizziness and a bizarre feeling of dissociation from the people and events swirling around me. As a medical student, I had seen other women under the effects of this medication, but never really understood how significantly it could alter someone’s ability to process information. Between the waves of fuzziness in my thought process, it occurred to me that it is highly questionable that a woman could truly provide informed consent in an emergent situation, when under the influence of such a medication. This realization made me acutely aware of my limitations and grateful to have a partner by my side that I could trust to help me make decisions when I could not reliably do so. After getting over the initial terror that I could deliver prematurely at any moment, I settled into an intentionally optimistic mindset, counting on the miracles of modern medicine to protect the health of myself and my unborn child. During this waiting period, my obstetrician requested a rheumatology consult to rule out lupus as a possible cause for my symptoms. Early in my pregnancy I was found to have several positive antibodies in my blood, which I had been told at the time was definitively NOT due to lupus. The moment the rheumatologist laid eyes on me, she made her mind up that I did have lupus after all. Due to the combination of the magnesium and the preeclampsia, I was flushed and fluid overloaded, giving the appearance of a patient with classic lupus. My father found the entire situation rather comical, as an avid fan of the show House, where the diagnosis is never, ever lupus...

PRENATAL PSYCHOLOGY ASPECT OF PARENTING

The article discloses the modern womanhood readiness aspects to maternity. The author defines that women ready for maternity have got a sympathetic mother image that perceives and promotes the child`s development and education, sharing her self-worthiness. The article gives the men and women`s psychological characteristics analysis during the pregnancy according to the pregnancy dividing into the major trimester based on physiological views. Pregnant women have differences in behavior and attitude; some of them change their image completely, when others remain unchanged in their character and behavior. Every woman becomes a mother, in her own way but with the extremes exception that is common for mothers to have their special psychology, which changes every month. The article emphasizes the main modern pregnant women`s motives that mainly depend on the women`s personal attitudes and social norms, which are determined by cultural and historical time when they live. The motivational background experiences varieties of pregnancy are selected for manifestation the fact that for most women pregnancy is not only conscious desire, the essential spiritual meaning of maternity, but also in major sense as the neediness of conformity to social requirements. The proposed program for pregnant women`s psychological preparation to childbirth «Happy mother – happy baby», to form a conscious positive perception of maternity and implementation of educational and health issues solving. This program is aimed to raise maternity feelings by the means of forming spiritual connection between mother and child inside her; awareness of life plots and work with pregnant woman`s personal meanings and values; the psychological correction of the women`s emotional states, relieving stress and creating a comfortable environment during pregnancy on the emotional, psychophysical and psychophysiological level.

Happy Doctor Makes Happy Baby? Incentivizing Physicians Improves Quality of Prenatal Care

Abstract Physician-induced demand, whereby physicians alter patient treatment for personal gain, lies at the heart of concerns about publicly provided health care. However, little is known about how payment systems affect the ultimate outcome of patient health. Exploiting a unique policy induced variation in Denmark, I investigate the impact of physician payment contracts on infant health. In a difference-in-differences framework, I find that firstborn infants exposed in the womb to the care of general practitioners with capitation contracts have poorer infant health outcomes than infants exposed to fee-for-service contracts. The firstborn children of younger women primarily drive the effects.

Reporting outcome measures in trials of infant colic.

Infant colic (IC), with an estimated prevalence of 5% to 25%, has a high impact on health care costs. Furthermore, reported negative sequelae are disturbed parent-infant interaction, increased susceptibility to abdominal pain, and even child abuse. Its etiology remains unknown, leading to a wide variety in interventions. We hypothesize that definitions and outcome measures in studies on IC will be heterogeneous as well. Our objective is to systematically assess how definitions and outcome measures are reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IC. CENTRAL, Embase, and MEDLINE/PubMed were searched from inception to December 2012. English-language systematic reviews (SRs) and RCTs concerning IC in children ages 0 to 9 months were included. Bibliographies of included SRs were searched for additional articles. Quality was assessed using the Delphi list. A total of 1702 studies were found; 55 articles were included (16 SRs, 39 RCTs). In 39 trials, we found 20 different definitions for IC, 11 different definitions for improvement, 28 different interventions, and 19 different outcomes. Fifty-one percent of the trials were of good methodological quality. All of the trials used parental diaries; only 31% stated that their instrument was validated. Too many different definitions and outcome measures for IC are used in RCTs. Only a minority of the trials reported parental perception as primary outcome. Uniform definitions, outcomes, and validated instruments are needed to make a comparison between intervention studies possible.

Happy babies, chatty toddlers: Infant positive affect facilitates early expressive, but not receptive language

Eighty-three mother–infant dyads participated in this study. Positive affect (PA) broadly, along with fine-grained aspects of PA, was measured at 10 months of age. Language was measured at 14 months. Infant PA predicted expressive, but not receptive, language. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Happy mothers for happy babies: The evidence for antenatal psychosocial interventions to prevent preterm birth

Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. This poster will provide a review of the evidence of the effectiveness of non-pharmacological psychosocial interventions employed antenatally in theprevention of PTB.

The effectiveness of a perinatal education programme on smoking, infant care, and psychosocial health for ethnic Turkish women

Objectiveantenatal programmes might be effective in preventing unhealthy lifestyles, poor maternal infant care practices, and poor psychosocial health in ethnic minority women, but there are few evidence-based interventions. For this reason an antenatal education programme, called ‘Happy Mothers, Happy Babies’ (HMHB) was systematically designed for ethnic Turkish women in the Netherlands. Designin a non-randomised trial Turkish women attending HMHB (HMHB group) were compared with those receiving care as usual (control group). SettingParent–Child Centres, which provide integrated maternity and infant care. Participantsin both the HMHB (n=119) and the control (n=120) group, questionnaires were administered by ethnic Turkish interviewers at three (T0) and eight (T1) months of pregnancy, and two (T2) and six (T3) months after birth. Findingsat baseline, women in the HMHB group had significantly lower educational levels, were less frequently in paid employment, had less knowledge about smoking, and showed more often mildly depressive symptoms. Adjusted analyses showed that HMHB was effective in improving knowledge about smoking (OR=2.73; 95% CI 1.40, 5.31), intention to engage in prevention of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) (OR=8.08; 95% CI 3.34, 19.56) and short-term SIDS prevention behaviour (OR=2.22; 95% CI=1.18, 4.19). However, no intervention effect was found for smoking during pregnancy, SIDS prevention behaviour on the long term, soothing behaviour, serious depressive symptoms, and parent–child attachment. Key conclusionsalthough we could not demonstrate intervention effects on all outcome measures, the HMHB programme appears to be highly welcome, and reaches an underserved minority group at increased risk for adverse perinatal outcomes. Implications for practicethe HMHB programme is one of the first systematically developed antenatal interventions for ethnic minority women. The programme can be used as a basic antenatal programme, and as a screening opportunity for women who smoke or show serious depressive symptoms.

P02-537 - The Effect of One Left-Sided Preferontal HF-rTMS Session on Emotional Brain Processes

IntroductionAlthough repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is frequently used to examine emotional changes in healthy volunteers, it remains largely unknown how rTMS is able to influence emotion.Objectives, aims &amp; methodsIn this sham-controlled single-blind crossover study using fMRI, we examined in 20 right-handed healthy female volunteers whether a single high frequency (HF)-rTMS session applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) could influence emotional processing while focussing on blocks of positively and negatively valenced baby faces. The task instruction was to focus on one's own emotional status elicited by the visual stimuli.ResultsA single HF-rTMS session selectively influenced the processing of positively and negatively valenced baby faces. When positive information was being processed, one active left-sided HF-rTMS session resulted in enhanced neuronal activity in the left superior frontal cortex (Brodmann area 10) and right inferior parietal cortex (Brodmann area 39). When negative information was processed, one active stimulation session attenuated neuronal activity in the right insula, while sham stimulation did not.DiscussionThese observations suggest that after one active HF-rTMS session, psychophysiological reactions while processing withdrawal-related stimuli decrease. The increased neuronal activity while processing of positively valenced baby faces might reflect enhanced task-related processing caused by the neuronal activation of the left DLPFC, which could indicate that females are more able to empathize with the depicted happy baby faces. Our results add further evidence as to why HF-rTMS applied to the left DLPFC might improve mood in depressive populations.

Neural Activation Underlying Acute Grief in Women After the Loss of an Unborn Child

The traumatic loss of an unborn child by induced termination of pregnancy because of fetal malformation is a major life event that causes intense maternal grief. Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that the same neural structures involved in the experience of physical pain are involved in the experience of social pain and loss. To investigate neural activation patterns related to acute grief, the authors conducted a functional MRI study of 12 post-termination women and 12 noninduced women who delivered a healthy child. Brain activation was measured while participants viewed pictures of happy baby, happy adult, and neutral adult faces. Relative to comparison women, post-termination women showed greater activation in the middle and posterior cingulate gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, the middle temporal gyrus, the thalamus, and the brainstem in response to viewing happy baby faces. Functional connectivity between the cingulate gyrus and the thalamus during the processing of happy baby faces was significantly stronger in post-termination women. Overall, acute grief after the loss of an unborn child was closely related to the activation of the physical pain network encompassing the cingulate gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, the thalamus, and the brainstem. To the authors' knowledge, the stronger functional thalamocingulate connectivity in post-termination women is the first in vivo demonstration of an involvement of the neural maternal attachment network in grief after the loss of an unborn child.

Ps and QsOf candied herbs and happy babies

Ps and QsOf candied herbs and happy babies