Happiness In Adults Research Articles

성인기 지체장애인의 생활체육 참여 정도가 주관적 건강 인식 및 행복감에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relative influence of the degree of participation in daily sports on the subjective health perception and happiness of adults with physical disabilities who exercise regularly. For the study, data from 1,783 adults with physical disabilities who responded that they exercised regularly in the past year were extracted from the raw data of the nation-wide 2023 Physical Education Survey for the Disabled and conducted a secondary analysis. The main results of the study are as follows. same. First, 71.3% of adults with physical disabilities who exercise regularly exercised more than 3 times a week, 46.4% exercised ‘30 minutes to less than 1 hour’ per time, 49.6% exercised at low intensity, and 48.0% did moderate intensity exercise. It was found that it does. Second, the subjective health perception of adults with physical disabilities who exercise regularly was 3.25 points on average, equivalent to 65 points out of 100, and the average happiness index was 3.33 points, equivalent to 66.6 points out of 100. Gender, lifetime There were significant differences depending on the cycle, degree of disability, marital status, employment status, and average monthly income. Third, the number, exercise time, and intensity of exercise among adults with physical disabilities who exercise regularly were found to have a positive effect on subjective health perception, and the number of exercise and exercise time were found to have a positive effect on happiness. Exercise intensity appeared to have no effect on happiness.

Social Engagement and Happiness in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Impairment.

This study investigated the associations between in-person and remote engagement and self-rated happiness in older adults aged 50 years and above in three cognitive function subgroups: Normal Cognition, Cognitive Impairment not Dementia (CIND), and Dementia. Data were obtained from the 2014 Health and Retirement Study. Results showed that remote engagement was significantly associated with higher self-rated happiness, particularly in the CIND group. However, its association with in-person engagement was less consistent. No significant association was observed among individuals with dementia. However, the direction of the relationship between the two types of social engagement and self-rated happiness was positive. Instrumental activities of daily living, depression, and social capital were identified as potential factors influencing the relationship between social engagement and self-rated happiness. These findings emphasize promotion of both in-person and remote social engagement opportunities to enhance the well-being of older adults across different cognitive function subgroups.

Social influences on the psychological well-being of elderly individuals

PurposeThis research aims to analyze the primary social factors influencing the mental health and happiness of older adults. Specifically, the paper identifies the elements of social influences on the psychological well-being of elderly individuals.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a quantitative research methodology, survey data were collected to examine the psychological well-being of older adults, utilizing SPSS software version 28.0 for data analysis.FindingsPsychological well-being in the elderly is intricately linked to personal, cognitive, emotional and social aspects. Seniors experiencing reduced loneliness, ample communication opportunities, active social engagement and living with family members demonstrate higher levels of psychological well-being. Surprisingly, details of daily activities in senior age showed little impact on psychological well-being.Research limitations/implicationsThe research results may lack generalizability due to the chosen approach, prompting a need for further testing of proposed propositions.Originality/valueThis study fulfills an identified need to explore how psychological well-being is established in an elderly society, shedding light on critical social determinants.

“It’s loving yourself for you”: Happiness in trans and nonbinary adults.

“It’s loving yourself for you”: Happiness in trans and nonbinary adults.

Personal Competence or Environmental Characteristics? Factors Influencing Happiness among Ageing Adults in Hong Kong Around the Period of COVID-19 Pandemic.

Drawing upon person-environment fit perspective, this study examines the joint and interactive influences of personal competence and environmental characteristics on the happiness of ageing adults around the period of COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected in two rounds, before and during the pandemic, with 2,028 participants aged 55 years and older in Hong Kong. Personal competence encompassed financial status, physical health, and mental capital, while environmental characteristics included experiences of ageism, perceived social conditions, and age-friendly policies. Ordinary least squares regression was used to examine personal and environmental influences on happiness. Results indicated a significant decline in happiness following the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. Mental capital was found to have the strongest positive influence on happiness, followed by physical health, financial status, and social conditions. Mental capital mitigated the negative relationship between experiences of ageism and happiness. Practical interventions are informed to improve the well-being of ageing adults during pandemic.

Household income mobility and adolescent subjective well-being in China: Analyzing the mechanisms of influence

BackgroundThe relationship between adult happiness and income has been a topic of extensive discussion. However, among children and adolescents, who are not directly engaged in economic activities, the relationship between household income over time and happiness is more complex and remains less explored. MethodsWe used nationally representative data from the China Family Panel Study (CFPS) from 2012 to 2018. The analytic sample consisted of 3,607 Chinese adolescents aged 10 to 19 years in 2018. Using an ordinary least squares model, we investigated the associations of 2-year (2016–2018), 4-year (2014–2018), and 6-year (2012–2018) household income mobility (i.e., upward mobility and downward mobility) with adolescents’ subjective well-being (i.e., happiness and depression) in 2018. We further explored the potential mediating effects of parental care on these associations and whether they were moderated by adolescent age, adolescent sex, and initial household economic status. ResultsWe found that upward mobility in household income was associated with decreased subjective well-being and parental care mediated this association. Furthermore, we found that the effects of upward mobility on adolescent subjective well-being varied by age, sex, and initial household economic status. Additionally, downward income mobility did not significantly impact adolescents’ subjective well-being. ConclusionOur findings emphasized that economic progress and upward mobility should not come at the expense of parental care, as this would decrease adolescents’ subjective well-being. Collaboration between the government and families is crucial to address the conflicts between work and family responsibilities, ensuring that parents are available and supportive to their children.

Health-Oriented Evaluation and Optimization of Urban Square Space Elderly Suitability: A Case Study of Yiyang City Center

Urban squares are the main place for older adults’ daily activities. The spatial layout of the urban square is not only related to the construction of a healthy city and the equitable distribution of public resources, but also of great significance in enhancing the sense of gain, security, and happiness of older adults. This essay takes “health needs of older adults” as the perspective, and constructs a multi-dimensional evaluation index system of urban square space for elderly suitability in terms of physiological, psychological, and social health. It also takes six urban squares in Yiyang city center as an example and analyzes and evaluates them using GIS network analysis and the entropy weight method. The results of the study show that (1) Yiyang city center squares show the distribution characteristics of “dense in the middle and scattered around”, and the spatial distribution is not balanced, which leads to a small service area. (2) The overall intervention value of urban square space is mainly distributed between 0.291 and 0.710, with an average value of 0.481, and the overall intervention effect of the square is good. The reasons for differences in health interventions for older adults in urban square spaces centered on six aspects: the quality of the square space, the variety and convenience of travel lines, the tidiness of the environment, physical activities, safety, and social interaction. Based on this, this essay proposes three optimization strategies for the renewal of urban squares, the construction of characteristic squares, and the reconstruction of the urban square space system. The aim is to provide a reference for the future design and renewal of the elderly suitability of urban squares, so as to promote the construction of a healthy city.

Nature lifts when feeling low: Daily high and low awe nature clips decrease repetitive negative thinking and dampening and increase subjective happiness in adults.

Exposure to nature can enhance mental well-being, making nature-based interventions promising for the treatment and prevention of mental health problems like depression. Given the decreased self-focus and sense of self-diminishment associated with awe, the present study investigated the impact of exposure to awe-evoking nature on two key risk and maintenance factors of depression-repetitive negative thinking (RNT) and dampening of positive feelings-and on subjective happiness. In a randomized controlled trial, we tested the effects of exposure to awe-evoking nature clips through a 1-week intervention, consisting of watching a 1-min clip on a daily basis of either awe-evoking (n high awe = 108) or more mundane nature scenes (n low awe = 105). Before, immediately after (post-intervention) and 1 week after the intervention (follow-up), participants completed self-report scales probing RNT, dampening, and subjective happiness. Results indicated significant decreases in these outcomes at post-intervention and follow-up in both groups. We discuss study limitations, touch upon future research ideas, and reflect upon the role of nature for clinical applications.

The influence of an urban hukou and its acquisition methods on older adults’ happiness: an analysis based on the Chinese General Social Survey

The hukou system is a population management policy in China. However, existing research has paid little attention to the relationships between Chinese urban hukou, its acquisition methods, and older adults’ happiness. This study was based on 10,954 samples from the Chinese General Social Survey in 2013, 2015, and 2017. An ordinary least squares model was used to analyze the influence and differential influence of an urban hukou and its access paths on happiness among older adults. Compared with having a rural hukou, having an urban hukou is correlated with higher levels of happiness in older adults. Moreover, those who had actively converted to an urban hukou or were born with it were happier, while passive conversion to an urban hukou was not significantly correlated with happiness. Additionally, actively converting to an urban hukou and being born with urban hukou influence the happiness of older adults by affecting their class identity and income. To improve older adults’ happiness, it is necessary to narrow the welfare gap between an urban and rural hukou, balance the allocation of public resources in urban and rural areas, and make targeted assessments to solve the difficulties of older adults who passively convert to an urban hukou.

Analysis of Nexus among Socioeconomic Status, Happiness, Gratitude, and Psychological Wellbeing in Adults

Pakistan's population faces heightened susceptibility to mental health disorders and overall psychological well-being concerns due to the country's myriad social and economic challenges. The present research explored the relationships among adults' socioeconomic status, gratitude, happiness, and psychological well-being. Utilizing a cross-sectional study design and quantitative research methodology, a sample of 350 adults was selected through purposive sampling techniques. The study utilized a self-developed demographic sheet in conjunction with standardized questionnaires, including the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) and the Ryff Scale of Psychological Well-Being (PWB). The SHS, comprising four self-report items, was crafted by psychologist Carol D. Ryff. Conversely, the PWB, a 42-item scale, was designed to gauge six dimensions of well-being and happiness: autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relationships with others, meaning in life, and self-acceptance. Additionally, the Gratitude Questionnaire-20, developed by Bernabe Valero and Jose Salvador Blasco Magraner, was employed. The study underscores a positive nexus between socioeconomic status, gratitude, happiness, and psychological well-being. Methodologically, it employs a Pearson product-moment correlation for descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions to forecast the relationship between psychological well-being and happiness, gratitude, and socioeconomic status (SES). Results illuminate a robust direct correlation among gratitude, happiness, SES, and psychological well-being, with all variables exhibiting strong positive associations. Notably, happiness and SES demonstrate a significant Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r=0.135*, p=0.032), underscoring their pivotal role. Furthermore, linear regression analysis, while controlling for GRT, SH, and SES, unveils the substantial predictive capacity of happiness and gratitude on adults' psychological well-being, elucidated by an R-squared value of 0.15. Collectively, these findings accentuate the salient influence of socioeconomic status, happiness, and gratitude on psychological well-being, fostering a deeper comprehension of their interconnectedness.

A descriptive examination of international family/shared meals: Prevalence, meal types, media at meals, and emotional well-being.

Studies in the United States have shown associations between family/shared meal frequency and child health and well-being. Less is known about family/shared meal characteristics (e.g., frequency, meal type, meal activities) in adults and international samples and whether there are protective associations between family/shared meal frequency and emotional well-being. Also unknown, is whether family meals provide protective associations for other family members in the household. In a 2022 cross-sectional study, an online survey was administered in the United States, Italy, and Germany. One adult respondent (49.5% female; Mage = 45.6) from each household (n = 1,983) reported on family/shared meals and well-being. A second family member (e.g., partner, child) responded in a subset of households (n = 1,915). Descriptive statistics by country, Spearman correlations between meal frequency and well-being, and Kruskal-Wallis comparisons of mood indicators across countries were run. The majority of adults across countries engaged in six or more family/shared meals per week, with more meals on weekends. Breakfast, lunch, and dinner family/shared meals were more common on weekends, and European countries reported engaging in a higher prevalence of all meal types. Higher frequency of family/shared meals was significantly correlated with fewer depressive symptoms, more connectedness, and higher levels of happiness in adults across countries and in a second household member. Family/shared meals were beneficial across an international sample and may provide protective spillover effects for multiple household members. Clinicians and researchers who work with families may want to consider assessing for and intervening on family meal frequency. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Investigating the Relationship between Happiness and Environmental Attitude among Adults in Yazd City

Background: Happiness, as one of the most important psychological needs of humans, may have an impact on the environmental behavior of people due to its major effects on the formation of human personality. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between happiness and environmental attitudes in adults of Yazd City in 2019.
 Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 230 people over 18 years of age in Yazd, and the sampling method in this study is simple random classification sampling and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), as well as Pearson correlation coefficient statistics and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and Variance was used.
 Results: The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of happiness and the type of attitude of people, the type of attitude and residential area, the level of happiness and education of the people of Yazd city regarding the relationship between happiness and environmental attitude (p value ≤ 0.001). Finally, the variable of education and residential area affects the attitude toward the environment, and the results showed that these variables have a significant relationship.
 Conclusion: The most important conclusion of this research is the huge impact of the residential area on happiness and environmental parameters, which shows the influence of humans on the residential environment. This study showed that happiness is related to the environment.

Social media contact with family members and happiness in younger and older adults

Prior literature suggests that social media may increase older adults' well-being because they use social media to communicate with close social ties, such as family members. Despite this potential being recognized and associations between social media and well-being being established among older adults, the role of social media contact (SMC), particularly with family members, as a source of well-being has been little explored. In this study, we tested whether SMC with family members increases happiness for older (68–74 year-old) and younger and middle-aged (19–56 year-old) adults. Using population-based data from Finland, we examined the extent to which self-rated happiness is dependent on the respondents' sustenance of SMC with given family members. This analysis involved 2807 social media users. The family members examined were children and siblings for both generations; in addition, grandchildren for the older generation and parents for the younger generation. Propensity score matching was used to improve the credibility of the estimated associations. Partially supporting the socioemotional selectivity theory (SST), the results show that the older generation has more SMC with family members than the younger generations does; however, SMC with family members did not increase happiness among older adults, as SST suggests. Conversely, for younger adults, SMC with some family members was associated with increased happiness, suggesting that social media may gratify some family-related needs more specific to middle-aged adults than to older adults. This study adds to the knowledge about life-stage specific factors that contribute to subjective well-being in the digital era.

HAPPY LIFE EXPECTANCY AND REGIONAL AND GROUP HETEROGENEITY AMONG CHINESE OLDER ADULTS

Abstract A long, healthy and happy life is the aspiration of most people and an essential part of human well-being. However, longer life expectancy does not mean a higher quality of life. The measure of quality of life includes both objective and subjective indicators. Similar to healthy life expectancy, happy life expectancy is a measure that combines life expectancy with happiness indicators and can reflect both life length and quality of life. But at present, there is relatively little research on happy life expectancy. In China, there have been no studies using panel data to calculate happy life expectancy. We obtained longitudinal data from the Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS). We used the multistate life table approach to calculate the happy life expectancy of Chinese older adults, and analyzed the regional and group heterogeneity. A total of 13,807 participants aged 65 and older were included in this study. We found that the proportion of happy life expectancy to remaining life of Chinese older adults increased with age, which confirmed the “compression of unhappiness” hypothesis. In addition, older adults with more education had a higher proportion of happy life expectancy than those with less education. Finally, in terms of region, older adults in the more economically developed areas of eastern China have a higher proportion of happy life expectancy. Our findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of the quality of life of Chinese older adults and highlight the importance of education for the happiness of older adults in later life.

Development of an evidence-based telehealth curriculum to increase happiness for older adults in long-term care: A therapeutic recreation concept design

Development of an evidence-based telehealth curriculum to increase happiness for older adults in long-term care: A therapeutic recreation concept design

Functional limitation and happiness among older adults: the multiple mediating role of intergenerational support and intergenerational relationship.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the functional limitation and happiness among Chinese older people and examined the multiple mediating effects of intergenerational support (instrumental support and financial support) and intergenerational relationship. Data was drawn from the Chinese Family Panel Survey (CFPS) 2018 and 2020. Structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze the association among functional limitations, intergenerational support, intergenerational relationship, and the older adults happiness. There was a significant association between the functional limitations and the lower happiness levels among the older adults. The instrumental support from adult children positively mediated the relationship between the functional limitation and the happiness. However, intergenerational relationships were reduced due to the dysfunction of the older adults, and played a negatively mediated role between the functional limitation and the happiness. In addition, instrumental and financial support play chain-mediating roles between functional limitation and happiness in older adults through intergenerational relationships. Intergenerational relationships and instrumental support enhance the happiness of older adults with functional impairments, but their role is limited by the changing structure of modern families. Long-term care programs combined with the intergenerational support from families for people with functional impairments in old age would be more effective to reduce the burden on adult children and maintain the quality of life of the older adults.

Gender differences in happiness in Chinese society: The role of parental preference for sons over daughters

ObjectiveThis paper studies the relationship between Chinese parents' preference for sons over daughters in childhood and these children's happiness in adulthood. BackgroundHappiness is an important dimension for measuring a society's well-being and a lifelong goal for many Chinese citizens deeply influenced by Confucianism. However, China's relatively low world ranking on happiness is worrisome for Chinese policymakers and prompts the question of whether the concept of “preference for sons” is related to lower adult happiness. MethodsThis study used the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study to analyze the relationship between parents' preference for sons over daughters in one's childhood and adult happiness using the least squares method. An instrumental variable method was used to address endogeneity concerns. In addition, the Karlson–Holm–Breen method was used to analyze the mediating effects of childhood educational opportunities and health resources. ResultsParents' preference for sons over daughters in one's childhood was positively related to the happiness of male adults but negatively for female adults. Childhood education opportunities and childhood health resources have a mediating effect on the relationship between parental preference for boys and children's happiness in adulthood. ConclusionsParents’ preference for sons over daughters substantially explains the gender gap in happiness in adult Chinese citizens. Reducing the idea of prioritizing boys over girls has the potential to improve the happiness level of adults.

Diseño y validación de una Escala de Amistad de Carácter para jóvenes

Friendship is an important bond in the personal and social growth of an individual and plays a prominent role during youth. Most scales to measure it are aimed at children and adolescents but none measure character friendship, a type of selfless friendship with ethical traits an d Aristotelian roots. Therefore, the aim of the research is to design and validate the youth Character Friendship Scale (CFS) in a sample of 1587 young Spanish people. The final version of the CFS is composed of 35 items distributed over three dimensions: "Selfless love and intimacy" (21), "Trust" (7) and "Respect and forgiveness" (7) with ordinal reliability coefficients of 0.94, 0.79 and 0.7 respectively and good model fits (CFI = 0.986; TLI = 0.986; RMSEA = 0.043; SRMR = 0.054; GFI = 0.997). It is concluded that the CFS is a scale with good psychometric properties for measuring character friendship in young adults. The results obtained from its application will lead to a better understanding of the importance of character friendship for the socioemotional development or happiness of young adults and will enable the development of intervention programmes that enhance aspects of friendship such as trust, respect, forgiveness or mutual knowledge, which can facilitate collaborative relationships and contribute to social cohesion.

The relationship between social support and happiness in older adults referred to health centers in Zarrin Shahr, Iran

Background: Creasing the older adult population has become a major public health challenge. Social support plays an important role in people's health. Social support helps improve the living conditions of the elderly and brings happiness into the lives of the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support and happiness status in 60–75-year-olds referred to health centers of Zarrin Shahr, Iran in 2019.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 584 samples (female: 62.2%, men: 37.8%) participated in this study. To collect data for this study, Oxford Happiness, and Social Support questionnaires were used. The older adults of the target group were selected through simple multistage random sampling from the health centers of Zarrin Shahr. The collected data were entered into SPSS software version 22. They were described and analyzed by inferential statistics and regressions at a 95% confidence level.Results: Sex, marital status, and level of education influenced total social support (P < 0.05). Moreover, age, marital status, and level of education affected happiness (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between total social support and components of social support with happiness (P < 0.05). Also, the multi-stage regression test showed emotional social support and education level were highly correlated with happiness (R2 = 0.265).Conclusion: The results highlight the need to increase social support for older adults because it can increase the level of happiness in this age group. In interventions to improve the social support and happiness of older adults, low-educated, unmarried, divorced, or deceased spouses should be prioritized.

Self-Compassion as a Key Factor of Subjective Happiness and Psychological Well-Being among Greek Adults during COVID-19 Lockdowns.

The present study examined the association and complementary effect of self-compassion on the subjective happiness and psychological well-being of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was based on a concurrent correlational design to examine relationships between self-compassion, subjective happiness, psychological well-being, resilience, and the meaning in life. Data were collected via a battery of questionnaires and analyzed, focusing on the above variables. The sample of this study (N = 526) consisted of Greek professionals in education and university students. The results showed that there is a strong positive relationship between self-compassion and subjective happiness, and between self-compassion and psychological well-being. The findings suggest that an attitude of self-compassion may well influence the development of psychological well-being and increase the subjective happiness of adults during the distressing era of a long-term pandemic. The results also indicated a positive relationship between self-compassion and meaning in life and showed that self-compassion is a prerequisite for resilience, which in turn may serve as a moderator of psychological well-being and subjective happiness.