Hanoi Research Articles

EXPLORING HUMAN-ERROR FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS IN HANOI CITY USING GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS

Along with the development of the economy and society and the speedy increasing number of personal vehicles, especially motorcycles, many cities in developing countries like Hanoi (Vietnam) are facing many transportation problems, notably traffic accidents involving motorcyclists. Motorcycle accidents are caused by main human-error factors, and could be considered as the typical grey system with the features of complexity and imperfect information. In this study, a grey relational analysis (GRA) model of the human-error factors is presented to quickly explore the main human-error factors contributing to traffic accidents caused by motorcycles. In this model, the grey relational degree and the grey relational order of each human-error factor also are determined to rank the main contributing human-error factors. Taking the data of road traffic accidents caused by motorcycles in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam between 2015 and 2017 as experimental data, the grey relational degrees of human-error factors have been analyzed quantitatively through the GRA model. The experimental results show the first three human-error factors include wrong lane shifting, poor road observation, and speeding, respectively. The results also help to conduct effective countermeasures for controlling human errors and reducing road traffic accidents.

Determinants Influencing the Loyalty of Agritourism Destinations to Tourists

In fact, Hanoi city has quite a large agricultural area and has great potential for tourism development. This also comes from the actual needs of the urban population, which wants to experience agricultural tourism. Because of this need, in many suburban districts, a series of ecological agricultural farm models have been born to serve the people's entertainment, recreation, and resort needs with a variety of activities. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the loyalty of agritourism destinations to tourists. Data was collected from reports on agritourism destinations business situations and 868 questionnaires sent to visitors. The result points out seven factors, which are: motivation, traction, experience quality, satisfaction, the perception of being a traditional person, the perception of being a modern person, and tourist loyalty to the characteristics of agritourism. From this finding, some suggestions are made to attract tourists to agritourism destinations in the next few years.

FACTORS AFFECTING NON-ENGLISH MAJOR STUDENTS’ WRITING AT A UNIVERSITY IN VIETNAM

Writing plays an important role in foreign language learning, especially for undergraduate students who need this skill for academic and research purposes as well as for communication in their future jobs. However, writing is deemed to be the most difficult skill for Vietnamese students. Therefore, a survey was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the English writing skills of non-English majored students at Thang Long University (TLU). 182 first-year students participated in this research by responding to a questionnaire. The survey found that the approach to teaching and assessing writing, teacher instruction and student practice, the influence of sociocultural context, and the writings’ communicative purposes influence students’ writing capability. This study may act as an impetus for future action research, based on which the curriculum for teaching writing to non-English majored students at TLU can be adjusted.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY ATTACHMENT AND DEVIANT BEHAVIORS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

The study aimed to assess the relationship between the level of family attachment and the deviant behaviors of high school students - survey data from 126 high school students of Hanoi city. Research results show that: family cohesion is negatively correlated with the bad behavior of high school students. In families where parents often criticize and impose on their children, family members often have conflicts and conflicts, and the childrens morale is higher. In families where family members often have inappropriate behaviors and words, children also have high expressions of similar deviant behaviors.

Editor's note

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Application of Sarima Model in Load Forecasting in Hanoi City

Many countries and researchers are interested in load forecasting due to its significance. The results of load forecasting are an indispensable basis for electricity planning and investment plan for the power system in the future. In addition, short-term load forecasting is also a mandatory requirement in proactively developing business and system operation plan of units in power sector. When the SARIMA(p,d,q)(P,D,Q)S model is used for load forecasting in Hanoi, the results ensure forecast accuracy, feasibility of available data as well as the software's ease of use. SARIMA model can also be used in load forecasting in other provinces and cities in Vietnam or used for electricity forecasting. With the research sample from 2019 to 2021, the model SARIMA(0,1,6)(0.1,1)24 and (0,1,7)(0.1,1) 24 are used for short-term load forecasting in term of typical working day and day-off in Hanoi.

Determinants Influencing Consumers' Intention to Buy Food Safety in Hanoi

Food safety is one of Asian consumers' primary concerns (Latip et al., 2020), and it has a significant impact on consumers’ buying decisions in countries where food safety and health are prioritized (Prentice et al., 2019). This study investigates the determinants of buying intention towards food safety in Hanoi, Vietnam, through a modification of the theory of planned behavior. Drawing on an online questionnaire survey from 179 respondents in Hanoi city during 2022, the empirical results revealed that attitude toward food safety (Att), attention to the environment (Ev), and health care (He) significantly affect intention to buy safe food (Int). Implications and guidelines are discussed for policymakers and practitioners. The findings of this article are of special value for public and private organizations that manage and market food safety.

Personality traits affecting work outcomes of public servants

The study aims to analyze Big Five personality traits affecting various work outcomes of public servants working at the Public Non-Business Units under the People’s Committee of Hanoi City. Relying on the Big Five Theory, previous studies, and in-depth interviews with experts, the research model has been developed and tested in Public Non-Business Units. The authors carried out data collected from 420 public servants working at the Public Non-Business Units using a survey questionnaire by convenient sampling method to ascertain the impact of personality traits on diversity work outcomes (organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and performance). The descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s Alpha test, EFA, CFA, and SEM were employed for data analysis. The findings highlighted this study showed a positive correlation between Big 5 Personality Traits and organizational commitment, job performance, and satisfaction of public servants at the Public Non-Business Units. The results brought some theoretical and practical implications for leaders of the Public Non-Business Units to realize the importance of personality traits to the organizational commitment, job performance, and satisfaction of public servants as well as to add to the existing knowledge of work outcomes in the literature. There are solutions to increase organizational commitment, job performance, and satisfaction of public servants at the Public Non-Business Units in the future.

Development of method for screening and quantification of some contaminants in rice

Liquid chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) developed to screen some residues in rice. Pesticides, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2 and quaternary ammonium surfactants were detected by the optimized method. Rice samples were extracted and cleaned by QuEChERS then analyzed by QExactive system with HESI ionization source for both negative and positive modes. The C18 reversed phase column was used and the mobile phase consists of water and Methanol containing 0.1% formic acid and 10 mM ammonium formate. The method was applied successfully to analyze 60 rice samples collected in Hanoi city. The results showed that 5 pesticides in 30 rice samples from 10.3 to 160 µg/kg.  

Factors for Improving the Effectiveness of Professional Training of Employees in Modern Conditions

Introduction. Human resources are likened to the backbone of any organization ensuring its sustainable development and competition. Investment in the workforce through training programs brings back the best fruitful achievements. This study investigated six basic factors affecting the training effectiveness in Vietnam, which is considered as burdensome matters to any organization in terms of having a skilled workforce to meet the current working situation. Materials and Methods. The study employed a mixed-methods approach involving a sample of 370 with e = ±5% over the population of 10,000 civil servants in Hanoi City. The quantitative data from the 5-Likert scale questionnaire among 370 respondents were addressed by IBM SPSS v.25. The semi-structured interviews relative to the same factors in the questionnaire were conducted with another 79 respondents to verify the validity of the research using NVivo v.12 for data treatment. Results. The results of the study revealed the dissatisfaction of employees with the training programs of professional development. The authors recommend to create a competent system of motivation to improve the effectiveness of training and development of employees. The leaders should conduct needs analysis seriously to comprehend the real expections of employees so that they could satisfy what lack of expertise skills and knowledge employees want to be updated. Besides, the incentive schemes and job promotion feasibilities are availed to any employee who is successfully performed well at work after the training courses. Discussion and Conclusion. The conclusions made by the authors contribute to the development of innovative training technologies in the system of professional development of the company staff. The results of the study will help HR professionals in the development of effective training programs that meet the expectations of employees.

Knowledge, attitude, practice on plastic waste pollution mitigation among undergraduate students in the academic year of 2021 – 2022 and some associated factors

Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude, and practice on plastic waste mitigation and associated factors among students at Thang Long University and the University of Labour and Social Affairs, Hanoi, Vietnam, in the academic year 2021-2022. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 565 undergraduate students at two universities using a stratified random sampling technique. Study subjects were requested to respond online via the administered questionnaire. The questionnaire includes general information (7 questions); knowledge on reducing plastic pollution (13 questions); attitudes on reducing plastic pollution (8 questions); and practice on reducing plastic pollution (10 questions). The reliability of the questionnaire is acceptable (Cronbach's α = 0.610). The data was entered with Excel and then analyzed in SPSS version 22.0. Results: The results revealed that 42.7% of the surveyed students showed adequate knowledge, 97.5% had an adequate attitude, and 82.5% had adequate practice on plastic waste pollution mitigation. Findings also showed that students who had inadequate knowledge were 4.5 times more likely to have inadequate attitudes than those who did not (OR = 4.5; 95% CI (1.0–42.5), p < 0.05). Students who had an inadequate attitude were 3.6 times more likely to have inadequate practice than those who did not (OR = 3.6; 95% CI (1.02–12.4); p < 0.05). Students who had inadequate knowledge were 2.5 times more likely to have inadequate practice than those who did not (OR = 2.5; 95% CI (1.5–4.3); p < 0,001). Recommendations: The study strongly suggested an in-depth investigation to explore potential associated factors with knowledge, attitude, and practice on plastic waste mitigation among university students, such as gender, age, academic majors, living place, and sources of accessing information on plastic waste pollution mitigation.

Wavelet coherence analysis of PM2.5 variability in response to meteorological changes in South Asian cities

Assessment of trends and variability of atmospheric particles can help set the target for pollution reduction, robust air-pollution and climate change policy decision-making, and clean air. This study investigated the recent trends and variability of Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) concentrations led by meteorological factors in fifteen major South Asian cities. It comprehensively assessed the influence of climatic factors through multiple statistical and time-frequency models. Trends were identified using the Mann-Kendal Test and innovative trend analysis methods. This study found the most critical air quality condition in Lahore (105.43 μg/m3), safe condition in Ho Chi Minh City (25.97 μg/m3), and most of the cities experience unhealthy to very unhealthy air conditions during winter. PM2.5 levels exhibited ascending trends in Dhaka, Jakarta, Lahore, Karachi, and Islamabad, while descending trends in Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Chennai, Kathmandu, Rangoon, Hanoi, Vientiane, and Ho Chi Minh City. Statistical models such as linear regression, Pearson's correlation, and Spearman rank correlation were applied to determine the influence of temperature, rainfall, humidity, and windspeed on PM2.5 concentrations. Despite the differences in climate conditions, PM2.5 concentrations were most sensitive to humidity, followed by temperature, rainfall, and windspeed across most cities. Most cities showed a negative relationship between PM2.5 and meteorological factors. Bi-wavelet coherence (WC) analyses were performed to investigate how the frequency components of PM2.5 and meteorological factors relate to each other over time. This WC analysis showed a high correlation with phase and antiphase correlations and demonstrated that all meteorological factors have influenced PM2.5 concentrations over time.

Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Domestic Water Usage of Local Communities in Hanoi, Vietnam

This study aims to better understand the changes in the water usage behaviors of Hanoi communities in the current circumstance of preventing the spread of COVID-19 pandemic and developing the economy. The results of 206 survey responses conducted during April 2022 show that the main changes in the domestic water usage behavior of Hanoi communities come from hand washing, bathing/personal hygiene, house cleaning, and clothes washing. During the pandemic, 77% of the respondents had a habit of washing their hands for 30 seconds as recommended by the Ministry of Health and the frequency of daily hand washing increased 5-7 times compared to before the pandemic. The frequency of housing deep cleaning increased by 33% compared to before the pandemic, besides the frequency of floor mopping also increased about 3.5 times per week. The average frequency of clothes washing also changed from 2.43 times/week to 4.61 times/week. The total estimated moderate water use per person increased by 1.41% compared to its before the pandemic. Therefore, based on the total population of Hanoi city, the amount of domestic water increased by 471.457 m3/day. Statistical results show that there are differences in most of the water usage behaviors between the two groups of people living in apartments and houses.
 
 
 

Changes in alcohol-related perceptions and behaviour among Vietnamese early career doctors after graduation.

Vietnamese medical students believe becoming "strong" drinkers is important for their future career working as doctor. However, it is unclear if this is a temporary behaviour associated with life as a student, or a phenomenon associated with the transition to working as a medical practitioner. This study explored changes in alcohol-related perceptions and behaviour among Vietnamese early career doctors working after graduation. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 Vietnamese early career doctors in Hanoi city. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. Vietnamese early career doctors perceived binge drinking as common among doctors, especially male doctors, surgeons, and preventive medicine doctors. This perception was different from when they were medical students because, at that time, they believed doctors would not drink alcohol at hazardous levels. Additionally, Vietnamese early career doctors' drinking behaviour changed in the frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption after graduation due to peer pressure, job stress, working collaborations, and working environment. Vietnamese early career doctors changed their alcohol-related perceptions and behaviour after graduation. Gender, mental health (stress), factors related to the working environment, and the role of professional relationships should be considered in strategies to reduce risky alcohol consumption among Vietnamese early career doctors.

The situation of pre-hospital care on emergency in hanoi through traumatic patients have been treated at Dong Da General Hospital in 2022

Introductions: Pre-hospital care, especially for severe trauma which contributes to reduce the risk of morbidities and mortalities. We conducted a study for having an over view of the situation of pre-hospital emergency in Hanoi city through traumatic patients have been treated at Dong Da General Hospital, one of the second level hospitals in Hanoi. Materials and methods: All traumatic patients have been admitted at the emergency department of Dong Da General Hospital during the period from March 2022 to October 2022, regardless of gender, age, had complete medical records, and including severe cases were discharged to die or dead in hospital. Data were collected by Epidata 3.1 and processed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: Characteristics of target population: A total of 236 cases of traumatic patients were enrolled, of them, the ISS scores in the mild range accounted for the majority of 97.0%; Lesion located in limbs and pelvis accounts for the largest proportion of 43.1%. Current situation of pre-hospital care: Patients who did not receive first aid before coming to the hospital accounted for 71.6%, the first aid people were mainly accompanied by the person next to patient at the scene (65.7%). Transportation by ambulance accounts for only 1.7%, the average waiting time was 4.54 7.68 minutes. Patients receiving first aid to step Disability (D) accounted for the largest proportion with 59.7%, 34.3% of patients received first aid to step Exposure (E). Wound washing and bandaging are the two most commonly used techniques, accounting for 28.6%, with 1 patient requiring CPR accounting for 1.0%. Conclusions and recommendations: Through the study of pre-hospital care for trauma showed that most patients were initially managed by the person accompanying the patient. A low percentage of ambulance transportation can be potentially high risk for the patient. We recommend strengthening the network of collaborators and communities for pre-hospital care in emergency.

Teaching Science Using Argumentation-Supported 5E-STEM, 5E-STEM, and Conventional Didactic Methods: Differences in the Learning Outcomes of Middle School Students

5E-based science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (5E-STEM) education is known to be one of the most used pedagogical models in STEM-oriented science courses for middle school students. However, the 5E model lacks a clear explanation of how STEM subjects are strongly linked in each of its operational “E”. In this study, a novel approach was proposed with the use of the argumentation-supported 5E-STEM (A-5E-STEM) model in the science curriculum. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in learning achievements, learning motivation, learning interest, and higher-order thinking skills of middle school students between teaching science using A-5E-STEM, 5E-STEM, and conventional didactic methods. A semi-experimental study with post-test only non-equivalent groups design was used. A “Separating Mixtures” unit in the 6th grade Natural Science curriculum was designed with A-5E-STEM and 5E-STEM model orientation. The participants were three 6th grade classes with a total of one hundred and twenty students at a public middle school in Hanoi City, Vietnam. The first experimental group was taught science using the A-5E-STEM model, the second experimental group was taught science using the 5E-STEM model, and a control group was taught the science unit with conventional didactic methods. A post-test was used to collect data on learning achievement, and questionnaires were used to collect data on learning motivation, interest, and higher-order thinking skills of middle school students in the science curriculum. The findings showed that the effect of teaching science using the A-5E-STEM model on learning achievement, motivation, interest, and higher-order thinking skills of middle school students was significantly superior to that of the 5E-STEM model and conventional didactic methods. Therefore, science teachers are expected to increase the use of the A-5E-STEM model in their related curriculum.

The Influence of Transparent Internal Communication on Employees' Adaptation to Firm Changes in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic

This study investigates the impact levels of transparent internal communication on employees' adaptation to firm changes in the context of the covid-19 pandemic. This study uses data of employees of enterprises in Hanoi City, Vietnam during 2021-2022. The data used for analysis and regression consists of 618 observations. We use Cronbach’s Alpha, EFA and regression model to learn the effect of different variables on employee uncertainty about organizational change. The results show that (i) transparent internal communication has a negative effect on the control coping strategy of employees; (ii) transparent internal communication has a positive effect on the escape strategy of employees; (iii) transparent internal communication has a negative effect on the employee uncertainty about organizational change; (iv) control coping strategy has a negative effect on employee uncertainty about organizational change; and (v) Escape Strategy has a positive effect on employee uncertainty about organizational change. Based on the findings, recommendations are given for improving the enterprises maintain a good quality of relationship with their employees.

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF BIODIVERSITY / ECOSYSTEMS VULNERABILITY BY CLIMATE CHANGE AND SUGGESTION A SYSTEM OF MITIGATION MEASURES FOR THEM, CASE STUDY: HANOI CITY, VIETNAM

In the paper, the authors applied the following items in order to assess the vulnerability of ecosystems / biodiversity of Hanoi city caused by climate change and to suggest a system of mitigation measures for them: 
 
 The concepts on vulnerability, resilience, exposure, sensitivity, adaptation, mitigation according to guidelines of IPCC (2007). 
 The impacts of climate change on ecosystems/biodiversity according to the results of researches of CBD experts (2009). 
 Analysis the impacts of the factors of climate change on ecosystems/biodiversity according to the principles of ecological sciences. 
 The characteristics of all 13 main ecosystems/biodiversity of Hanoi city are research results of the authors and our colleagues. 
 
 Preliminary assessment of ecosystems/biodiversity vulnerability by climate change of the 13 above main ecosystems/biodiversity of Hanoi city are: 
 
 Group of ecosystems/biodiversity with high vulnerability: urban ecosystems, rural ecosystems, agricultural ecosystems, grassland ecosystems, land ecosystems yards outside the dyke. 
 Group of ecosystems/biodiversity with middle vulnerability: nature lake ecosystems, dam ecosystems, wetland ecosystems, stream ecosystems, big river ecosystems. 
 Group of ecosystems/biodiversity with low vulnerability: cave ecosystems, forest ecosystems. 
 
 A system of 7 mitigation measures must be applied, such as: to increase the sustainability of biodiversity/ecosystems, to reduce current pressure on biodiversity/ecosystems, to enhance community awareness, to actively implement REDD program.

ỨNG DỤNG VIỄN THÁM VÀ GIS TRONG ĐÁNH GIÁ BIẾN ĐỘNG HIỆN TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT TẠI HUYỆN ĐAN PHƯỢNG, THÀNH PHỐ HÀ NỘI

The aim of this study is to assess urban land use change in Dan Phuong district, Hanoi city. Remote sensing data taken in 2008, 2016, and 2022 are used to analyze the land use situation. The GIS tool helps to overlay data layers to determine the trend of fluctuations and locate in space the change of land use types in the study area. Research results showed a significant change in the structure of land use in Dan Phuong district. Residential land and construction land tend to increase significantly while agricultural land tends to decrease dramatically. Research results are a reliable reference source for managers, helping to manage urban land resources effectively and sustainably.

Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes Using Concrete Props in Grade V Elementary School Students

Topics in learning mathematics are generally abstract in nature, while elementary school-age children think concretely. This makes a teacher must be able to manage learning mathematics well. The purpose of this study is to describe through concrete props in learning the material of the nets of simple space buildings can improve student learning outcomes. The method used is descriptive method with the form of research, namely classroom action research with 2 cycles. The research was conducted in class V at a elementary school in Hanoi City, Vietnam. The number of respondents consisted of 129 students consisting of 58 male students and 71 female students. Based on the first cycle, student learning completeness was only 37.21%. This achievement is classified as low. Based on reflection, cycle II made improvements in planning and in implementing learning. In cycle II there was an increase, where classical learning completeness became 96.89%. This shows that the use of concrete teaching aids in math learning can improve students' learning outcomes