Control of the purple scale, Lepidos;aphes beckii (Newm.) on early varieties of oranges has been a troublesome problem for citrus growers. Infestations often develop in the fall, and oilemulsion sprays applied for control after mid-July retard coloring of the fruit and delay internal maturity. Many Hamlin oranges so sprayed do not reach maturity standards that permit shipment to the market. In 1947 and 1948 experiments (Spencer et al, 1952) on Valencia (late) oranges showed that purple scales could be controlled as well with parathion as with oil-emulsion sprays. Further, the fruit sprayed in the fall with parathion colored and matured normally, and was of much better quality than that sprayed with oil emulsion. This work suggested the possibility of using parathion to control scales late in the year on early varieties. EXPERIMENTS IN 1949-50 Accordingly, in 1949 six cooperative experiments 2 were set up to compare oil emulsion with parathion for control of scales on early oranges, and to study the effects of these insecticides on coloring, maturity, and internal quality of the fruit. There were five groves of Hamlin oranges and one of Parson Browns (grove 5). In each grove there was a block of 70 trees (7 rows of 10 trees each), where 7 spray programs were compared over a 2-year period, each program being applied to 10 trees. The spray programs are shown in table 1. The oil emulsion, a 90 percent cream-type concentrate, was added to water in the spray tank to give a spray containing 1.25 percent of oil. Two pounds of 15 percent wettable parathion per 100 gallons of water was used with 5 pounds of wettable sulfur added for controlling the citrus rust mite, Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashm.). Power sprayers of 500-gallon capacity were