Purpose . To estimate the significance and perspectivity of further using a halothane as an anesthetic in children. Material and methods . PubMed, Scopus, TheCochraneLibrary, CyberLeninka and own observations were used during the analysis. Results . Almost all developed and some developing countries stopped using halothane in clinical anesthesia. However, it is still used in the majority of developing countries appealing to its low cost. On the one hand, objective data on continuous use of the preparation are available along with recommendations ‘not to exclude it from the clinical practice’. On the other hand, many countries hold objective data that recommend to refrain from the use of the preparation at the country level and reasoned statements on uselessness of its subsequent application. Halothane pharmacology, and the cardiodepressive effect and hepatic toxic effect, in particular, is currently an established fact which is well known to practitioners. Pharmacological properties of halothane are far below those of halogenated third generation inhalation anesthetics. Thus, it is reasonable to exclude it from anesthesia practice completely. Conclusion . In spite of low halothane cost as compared to halogenated third generation inhalation anesthetics, the former needs to be limited or completely excluded due to a significant number of negative signs resulting in severe damage of the liver and heart, influencing the immune system, promoting metastasis in oncology, disturbing pulmonary epithelial structure, etc.